VISIONIAS

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ANSWERS & EXPLANATION

APTITUDE TEST–Test 3 (3515) – 2021

1. (c)
Though the paragraph mentions the economic slowdown, it does not make any recommendations or
suggestions for the government to follow. Also, based on the paragraph we cannot say that corrective
measures in healthcare can bring the economy back on track. Therefore, statement A is incorrect.
The first paragraph clearly explains that the falling domestic investments, declining exports, and savings
has been occurring over the last 10 years, and hence is not a ‗recent‘ phenomenon. Thus, statement B is
also incorrect.
The second paragraph clearly mentions the need for India to control the pandemic and revitalize the
economy. If not, it will witness slow economic growth, making 2020-2030 a decade of lost opportunity.
Statement C best describes this meaning.
Nowhere does the author blame the government for the economic slowdown and pandemic. Thus,
statement D is incorrect as well.

2. (d)
The paragraph does not mention anything about India‘s socio-economic growth making statement 1
incorrect.
Though the experts have listed a number of economic issues that India faces, they have not commented
anything on its ability to revive the economy. This makes statement 3 incorrect as well.
It is clearly mentioned in the passage that India was facing economic slowdown before it was hit by the
pandemic. The first sentence of the second paragraph contains the phrase, ‗pandemic and consequent
economic slump.‘ This clearly indicates that the pandemic has resulted in further slowdown of the
economy. It makes statement 2 correct.

3. (c)
The second part of the passage lists a number of services that the ocean provides to the human being. It
clearly indicates the significance of the ocean/oceanic resources for human survival. The third statement
captures this message clearly and is thus the correct option.

4. (a)
It is nowhere mentioned in the passage that sports is essential for success. Also, there is no mention of
participation and winning in the passage. Thus, options (b) and (c) are incorrect. Though, it is mentioned
that sporting events are organized at regular intervals, it is not suggested anywhere that these events
should be organized in educational institutions. Therefore, option (d) is also incorrect.
The second sentence of the passage talks about sports and social development which is reflected in option
(a). Thus, option (a) is correct.

5. (d)
Conclusion should be drawn by us after reading the entire passage. It would not be explicitly stated in the
passage. Options (a), (b), (c) are directly mentioned in the passage and thus are not conclusions.

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6. (b)
Option (a) is incorrect: The passage does tell us about the rate of food wastage in India. However, it does
not state that India is the worst performer in the matter of food wastage.
Option (b) is correct: The passage mentions, ―This excess food waste usually ends up in landfills, creating
potent greenhouse gases which have dire environmental implications‖. These lines from the passage make
option (b) the most appropriate answer.
Option (c) is incorrect: According to the passage, ―The problem of food waste is a relatively modern one.
India is an ancient civilisation and we have been prudent about food for millennia. Our parents and
grandparents, too, once approached food and cooking with the same prudence.‖ This implies that the
problem of food waste was not serious in ancient India.
Option (d) is incorrect: According to the passage, ―The problem of food waste is a relatively modern one.
India is an ancient civilisation and we have been prudent about food for millennia. Our parents and
grandparents, too, once approached food and cooking with the same prudence. Yet, somewhere along the
way, we lost sight of this ―waste not, want not‖ mentality.‖ This means that the ―waste not, want not‖
mentality was an ancient one and has now been lost.

7. (c)
Option (a) is incorrect because it is an extreme version of the lines ―Ganga, which once sustained various
forms of life, struggled to support its rich biodiversity. Depleting numbers of the Gangetic dolphins was a
glaring example of this.‖ This implies that biodiversity has depleted but not eliminated.
Option (b) is incorrect because it is beyond the scope of the passage.

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Option (c) is correct because it talks about encouraging community participation to tackle the issue being

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talked about in the passage, i.e. pollution.

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Option (d) is incorrect because even though the passage conveys the idea that Gangetic Dolphins were

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once found in large numbers in the Ganga, it is not clear if this particular species was the most abundant

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form of life in the river. .e
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8. (a)
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Zeros at the end means multiple of 10, i.e. (2 × 5).

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So, the number of 2s or the number of 5s (whichever is lesser) will decide the number of zeros at the end
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of the expression.
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v × i × s × i × o × n × i × a × s = 229 × 93 × 1911 × 93 × 157 × 145 × 93 × 11 × 1911

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Now, number of 2s = 9 + 5 = 14
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And, number of 5s = 7
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The lesser of the two will determine the number of zeros.

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Hence, there will be 7 zeros at the end in the given expression.

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9. (c)
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S1 : Bill is richer than Elon as well as Jeff, i.e. Bill > Elon / Jeff
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S2 : Warren is not the richest one.

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Either of the two statements alone is not sufficient to answer the question.
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Taking both statements together, we can conclude that:

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Bill > Elon / Jeff / Warren

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Thus, Bill is the richest one among the four friends.

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Hence, we can say that S1 and S2 together are sufficient to answer the question.
Hence, option (c) is the answer.

10. (c)
According to S1, n is a square of prime number.
So, our number n may be 4, or 9.
According to S2, on dividing n by 6 we get a remainder of 3.
So, n can be 3, 9, or 15.
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 Using both statements, we can say that n = 9
Thus, S1 and S2 together are sufficient to answer the Question, but neither S1 alone nor S2 alone is
sufficient to answer the Question.
Hence, option (c) is the answer.

11. (b)
In questions like this, we need to keep in mind that we are just supposed to compare the numbers and so
we should avoid wasting our time in finding their real values.
a – 502 = b + 503
or a = b + 503 + 502 (it means a > b)
b + 503 = c – 504
or c = b + 503 + 504 (it means c > b)
c – 504 = d + 505
or c = d + 505 + 504 (it means c > d)
a – 502 = c – 504
or c = a – 502 + 504 = a + 2 (it means c > a)
We already know that c > b, d
On arranging all letters according to above findings, we get:
c>a>b
&c>d
Hence, c is the largest number.

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12. (d)

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The paths taken by Tarun and Barun have been depicted below:

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By looking at the diagram, we can easily say that the distance between Tarun and Barun = 50 + 25 + 25 =
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100 m
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Hence, option (d) is correct.

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13. (c)
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Divisibility rule for 5 = last digit of the number must be 0 or 5.

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So, Value of B can be either 0 or 5.

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Divisibility rule for 11 = difference of sum of odd and even placed digits must be either 0 or multiple of
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11.
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Sum of odd placed integers = A + 9 + 0 + 8 + 5 + B = 22 + (A + B)

Sum of even placed integers = 4 + 6 + 7 + 1 + 5 = 23
Difference of sum of odd and even placed integers = 23 - {22 + (A + B)} = 1 - (A + B)
Hence, the value of sum of A and B should be either 1 or 12, for it to be divisible by 11.
Hence, option (c) is correct.

14. (c)
Let the age of each teacher be a years and the arithmetic mean (A.M.) of age of the student be b years.
According to the question,
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 2a + 3b = 25 × 5
Or 2a + 3b = 125 …… (1)
Also, a – b = 20 .….. (2)
On solving equations (1) and (2), we get:
5b = 85
Or b = 17 years
Sum of the ages of 3 students = 3b = 17 × 3 = 51
We know that, ages of three students are in arithmetic mean (A.M.) series with the common difference 1.
So, (x - 1) + (x) + (x + 1) = 51
Or 3x = 51
Or x = 51/3 = 17
So, age of youngest student = x - 1 = 17 – 1 = 16 years
Hence, option (c) is correct.

15. (c)
Given sequence: D 2 $ ( j 9 & H 9 t : 7 I $ Z % h 4 g I & 5 @ 7
Numbers between the capital letters and symbols are 2 and 7.
So, number of numbers between capital letters and symbols = 2
Hence, option (c) is correct.

16. (b)

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The passage talks about India having the highest population of young people over the next decade,

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however it does not talk about their education or skill levels. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

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There is no mention of government or its policy in the passage which makes statements (c) and (d)

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incorrect as well.

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Option (b) is correct as it aligns with the idea conveyed by the last sentence of the passage, ―India will
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have the highest population …………. And our ability to provide high-quality educational opportunities
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to them will determine the future of our country.‖

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17. (b)
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Option (a) is incorrect as nowhere in the passage has it been said that all the problems related to Indian
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Ocean are because of improper division of the region.

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Option (b) is correct: From the passage it is clear that the Indian Ocean has been divided into various sub
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regions by various countries for its better management.

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Option (c) is incorrect: The passage does not talk about any alternative approach to manage the Indian
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Ocean as a single region, or whether one is better than the other.

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Option (d) is incorrect: The passage does not mention anything about the Indian Ocean as the only ocean
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that has been divided into many sub regions.

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18. (b)
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Main inference of the passage has to be derived indirectly from the details provided by the passage and
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would not be explicitly stated in the same. Options (a) and (c) convey ideas that are already mentioned in
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the passage.
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Option (d) makes an estimate which is beyond the scope of the passage.
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Option (b) is a valid inference as it connects the discrete details given in the passage.

19. (a)
Statement B is incorrect because the passage talks about redesigning stimulus packages in the wake of the
current pandemic. It makes no reference to the overall investments into projects backed by policy that
underline sustainable growth.
Statement C is incorrect because the passage does not discuss the state of action around environmental
sustainability across all countries of the world.
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 Statement D is incorrect because the passage itself suggests that the stimulus packages must contain a
greater share of projects backing sustainability implying that this must go hand in hand with efforts to deal
with the pandemic.
Hence, by elimination Statement A is the correct answer. Or we can see from the passage ―For instance,
the European Green Deal is a new growth strategy that aims to transform the EU into a fair and
prosperous society, with a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy where there are no net
emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from intensive resource
use.‖, that the Government is trying to balance economic recovery with environment sustainability.

20. (a)
Statement 1 is correct because the passage talks about redesigning stimulus packages in the wake of the
current pandemic thereby implying that promoting the cause of sustainability must also be a priority.
Statement 2 is incorrect because the passage does not discuss the state of action around environmental
sustainability across all countries of the world.
Hence, statement 1 alone is a valid assumption and option (a) is the correct answer.

21. (c)
Here, we know that Vinod was thirteenth from the left while Harshit was seventeenth from the left. So, we
can say that there were 3 persons between Vinod and Harshit.
And, we also know that Harshit was exactly in the middle of Vinod and Jasmine. So, the number of
persons between Harshit and Jasmine will also be 3.

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At this time using the given information we can create the following figure:

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On observing the above figure, we can say that the number of persons = (12 + Vinod + 3 + Harshit + 3 +
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Jasmine + 11)
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= (12 + 1 + 3 + 1 + 3 + 1 + 11)
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= 32
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So, Total number of people in the front row = 32

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22. (c)
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A can do 2/5th of the work in 8 days. So, A can complete that whole work in 8 × (5/2) i.e. 20 days.
C
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B can complete 20% of the work in 5 days. So, B can complete that whole work in 5 × (100%/20%) i.e.
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25 days.
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Let the total units of work be 100 (LCM of 20 and 25).

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Efficiency of A = 100/20 = 5 units/day

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Efficiency of B = 100/25 = 4 units/day

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As they worked on alternate days, so till 9th day A will work for 5 days and B will work for 4 days.
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Total units of work completed till 9th day = (5 × 5 = 25 units) + (4 × 4 = 16 units) = 25 + 16 = 41 units.
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Work left = 100 – 41 = 59 units.

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59 units will be completed by B alone.

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Number of days taken by B to complete 59 units of work = 59/4 = 14.75 days

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Total number days taken to compete the work = 9 + 14.75 = 23.75 days.
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23. (d)
CP of machine = Rs. 50,000
Other parts‘ cost = Rs. 5,000
Total cost of machine = 50000 + 5000 = Rs. 55000
Depreciation rate = 8%
Value of machine after depreciation at the end of 3 years = 55000 {(100 – 8)/100} x {(100 – 8)/100} x
{(100 – 8)/100}

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 = 55000 (92/100) x (92/100) x (92/100)
= Rs. 42827.84
Selling price of machinery = Rs. 45000
Hence, profit on machinery = 45000 - 42827.84 = Rs. 2172.16

24. (c)
1ӝ5 + 12ӝ4 - 7ӝ + ӝ7ӝ - 9ӝ1 = 9ӝ8
Let ӝ be x.
So, (100 + 10x +5) + (1000 + 200 + 10x + 4) – (70 + x) + (100x + 70 + x) - (900 + 10x + 1) = 900 + 10x
+8
Or, 105 + 10x + 1204 + 10x – 70 – x + 101x + 70 - 901 - 10x = 908 + 10x
Or, 408 + 110x = 908 +10x
Or, 500 = 100x
Or ӝ = 500/100 = 5

25. (a)
To find the minimum possible number of villagers, we need to maximize the masks that each villager
gets.
To find the number of masks each villagers got, we have to find the HCF of the masks contained in the
three boxes.
450 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 5 x 5

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725 = 5 x 5 x 29

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615 = 3 x 5 x 41

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HCF of 450, 725 and 615 = 5

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Thus, each villager got 5 masks.
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Total number of villagers = 450/5 + 725/5 + 615/5 = 90 + 145 + 123 = 358 .e
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26. (c)
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The pattern of the given sequence is as follows:

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9 = 12 + 2 3
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73 = 32 + 43
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241 = 52 + 63
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561 = 72 + 83
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1081 = 92 + 103
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So, 1849 = 112 + 123

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So, next number after 1081 is 1849. Hence option (c) is the correct answer.
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27. (b)
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This is a question of arithmetic progression.

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Sum of consecutive numbers from 1 to n = n(n + 1)/2

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According to the question, 135 slips has been used. So, sum of the bill numbers will be the total amount
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collection till the end of the day.

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So, total collection of the day = 135(135 + 1)/2 = 18360/2 = 9180

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It is given that bill number 36 and 113 have been cancelled. So, this amount will be subtracted from the
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total amount.
Total amount collected till the end of the day = 9180 - (36 + 113) = 9031

28. (a)
The given sequence follows this pattern:
_ _ sn_ _ lb_ _ a_lbs_aa_b_na_
lb sn aa / lb sn aa / lb sn aa / lb sn aa
So, the missing letters are lbaasnanlsa.
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29. (b)
As per the given condition in the question, each letter represents a different digit
3546A + B3135 = 12A603
Step 1:
A+5=3
It means value of A can be 8.
3 + B = 12
There is no carry forward from thousands place. So, 3 + B = 12
Value of B will be 9.
So, A = 8 and B = 9.
Thus, product of A and B = 8 x 9 = 72

30. (c)
Option (a) is incorrect because the passage refers to the people‘s contribution in containing the virus and
keeping the fatality rate lower in our country, compared to that in developed countries. A ―self-reliant
India‖ and ―other developing countries‖ are beyond the scope of the passage.
Option (b) is incorrect because it is a generalization whereas the passage is specific to the COVID-19
pandemic. (The other adversities mentioned in the initial lines of the passage also refer to those that were
plaguing the country during the COVID pandemic)
Option (c) is correct: The passage mentions that ―In every sphere, Indians rose to the occasion, and put
others before themselves. We Indians live and die for humanity.‖

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Option (d) is incorrect: It is an extreme statement and no such claim to that effect has been made in the

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passage.

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31. (b)

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Human capital consists of the knowledge, skills, and health that help people realize their potential. It is
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true but not mentioned in the passage. So, option (a) is incorrect.
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The passage clearly mentions that a big change following the pandemic has been the shift towards digital
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ways of working, and that several companies had digital transformation as a top priority in their strategic
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plans. So, option (b) is correct.

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Human Capital is not a static concept and can be upgraded by acquiring new skills. The passage also
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makes a mention of the need for organisations to up-skill their workforce. So, option (c) is incorrect.
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The passage mentions that the pandemic forced everyone to unlearn, learn and innovate in adapting to the
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new, digital ways of working. This is an inclusive statement and India cannot be excluded from the scope
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of the passage. Hence option (d) is incorrect.

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32. (a)
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Statement B is incorrect because the passage does not talk about ways in which other large countries can
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transform into full democracies.

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Statement C is incorrect because the passage does not give any information about people living in
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countries that are not full democracies.

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Statement D is incorrect because the passage does not suggest exclusively that such conditions are
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mandatory to become full democracies.

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Hence by elimination, statement A is the correct answer. Or we can also see from the passage that the top
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10 countries in the Democracy index have a higher GNI and Life expectancy at birth.

33. (d)
Statement A and B are incorrect because the passage makes no comparison between full democracies and
their counterparts. It only highlights parameters across the top 10 democracies.
Statement C is a sweeping statement that finds no basis in the information provided by the passage.
Hence, C is incorrect.
Statement D is the most logical statement and hence the right answer.
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34. (d)
Statement 1 is incorrect since it establishes a direct and sufficient correlation between immigration and
electoral balance in a polity. While there may be some relation as suggested by the paragraph itself, the
passage nowhere suggests that this relation is definite, and immigration will always impact electoral
balance.
Statement 2 is incorrect because the passage makes no reference to globalisation and its proponents.
Hence the information provided in the passage is not sufficient for statement 2 to be true.
Hence, D is the correct answer.

35. (c)
Number of sarees sold and selling price of each saree is not mentioned and how much sarees are
manufactured is also not mentioned. Thus, even S1 and S2 together are not sufficient to answer the
Question.
So, option (c) is the correct option.

36. (d)
Based on the above statements, we can have the following scenario:

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From the above Venn diagram, it is clear that both Conclusion-ii and Conclusion-iii follow.

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Hence, option (d) is correct.

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37. (a) .e
Based on the given statements, we can have these scenarios:
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Thus, from the above diagrams, it is clear that some chickpeas are corn. Thus, only Conclusion-ii follows.
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Hence, option (a) is correct.

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38. (c)
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It is given that fooding and lodging expenses were same during the given months. So, let fooding and
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lodging expenses during these months be x.

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Now, we got this table:

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 According to the question,
(x + 9000) + (x + 10500) + (x + 7500) = 51000
Or, 3x + 27000 = 51000
Or, 3x = 24000
Or, x = Rs. 8000
Hence, total expenses in November = Rs. (8000 + 10500) = Rs.18500
So, option (c) is the correct option.

39. (d)
First few terms of the sequence:
6, 11, 16, 21, 26, ………..n
Finding the value of options for n = 1, 2, 3,….
When n = 1
(A) 4n + 4 = 4 × 1 + 4 = 4 + 4 = 8
(B) 5n + 2 = 5 × 1 + 2 = 5 + 2 = 7
(C) 4n + 2 = 4 × 1 + 2 = 4 + 2 = 6
(D) 5n + 1 = 5 × 1 + 1 = 5 + 1 = 6
When n = 2
(A) 4n + 4 = 4 × 2 + 4 = 8 + 4 = 12
(B) 5n + 2 = 5 × 2 + 2 = 10 + 2 = 12
(C) 4n + 2 = 4 × 2 + 2 = 8 + 2 = 10

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(D) 5n + 1 = 5 × 2 + 1 = 10 + 1 = 11

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Thus, when n = 2, option (d) satisfies the sequence.

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So, option (d) is the correct option.

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40. (d) .e
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There is 7 digits in the given number, so it will repeat after every 7 digit and 7th digit of the number is 7.
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It will look like:

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763 is the closest number that is a multiple of 7. Hence, 768th place will be 7.
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So, option (d) is the correct option.

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41. (d)
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With the help of data given in the question, we got this image.
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Area of BLMP = length × breadth = (9) × (5) = 45

Area of OMND = length x breadth = (9) × (5) = 45
Area of ABCD = length x breadth = (14) × (14) = 196
Geometric Probability = (shaded area)/(total possible area) = (45 + 45)/196 = 90/196 = 45/98
So, option (d) is the correct option.
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42. (d)
Case 1:
Let x = 2
Required sum = 22 + 3 = 4 + 3 = 7
So, the resultant is odd. So, statement ii is correct.
Case 2:
Let x = 3
Required sum = 32 + 5 = 9 + 5 = 14
So, the resultant is even. So, statement iii is correct.
Both the results are positive numbers. So statement i is also true.
So, option (d) is the correct answer.

43. (d)
The word KOLKATA is made of 7 letters. There are four consonants (K, L, K and T) and three vowels
(O, A and A).
Therefore, the arrangement pattern of letters will be:
Consonant-Vowel-Consonant-Vowel-Consonant-Vowel-Consonant
The four consonants can be arranged in 4! ways, but there is two K, so number of possible ways 4!/2! =
12
The three vowels can be arranged in 3! ways, but there is two A, so number of possible ways 3!/2! = 3
Hence, the number of ways the letters of the word ‗KOLKATA‘ can be arranged, such that vowels and

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consonants occupy alternate positions = 12 x 3 = 36 ways.

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Hence option (d) is the correct answer.

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44. (c)

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Out of initial 80 liters, 8 liters is taken out. i.e. a decrease of 10%.
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This process is repeated again, i.e. again a decrease of 10%. So, this is a case of successive percentage
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change.
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Net percentage change after second replacement = x + y + (xy/100) = -10 – 10 + 1 = –19%

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Net percentage change after third replacement = x + y + (xy/100) = -19 – 10 + 1.9 = –27.1%
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So, 27.1% reduction in milk.

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Thus, 27.1% of removed milk is replaced by 27.1% of water.

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Percentage of water in the final mixture is 27.1%.

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Hence option (c) is the correct answer.

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45. (a)
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Average score after 70 innings = 68

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So, total score after 70 innings = 70 × 68 = 4760

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Average score after 85 innings = 68 - 3.2 = 64.8

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So, total score after 85 innings = 85 × 64.8 = 5508

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Hence, average score of last 15 innings = Runs scored in last 15 innings/15 = (5508 – 4760)/15 = 748/15
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= 49.86
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So, his average score in the last fifteen innings was 49.86.
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46. (b)
Method-1
Expenditure is constant. So, if the price is decreased by 25%, the quantity purchased will increase by
(100/3)%.
As per the question, (100/3)% = 15 pieces.
So, 100% = 15 × 3 = 45 pieces.
Hence, original price = Expenditure/Original = 400/45 = Rs. 8.89
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 Hence, original price of a piece of detergent cake is Rs. 8.89.
Method-2
Let the original price of a piece of detergent cake be Rs. x.
So for Rs. 400, 400/x pieces of detergent cakes can be bought.
Now, price has been reduced by 25%.
So, number of pieces of detergent cakes bought = 400/(x × 75/100) = 400 × (4/3x) = 1600/3x
According to the question,
Or, 1600/3x - 400/x = 15
Or, 1600 – 1200 = 15 × 3x
Or, 400 = 15 × 3x
Or, x = 400/(15 × 3)
x = 8.89
Hence, original price of a piece of detergent cake is Rs. 8.89.

47. (a)
Checking salary option 1:
Basic salary = Rs. 10000.
8% HRA
HRA = 10000 × (8/100) = Rs. 800
50 ltr petrol @ Rs.90/ltr.
Amount given for petrol = 50 × 90 = Rs. 4500

)
Commission = 10 × 500 = Rs. 5000

om
Total Salary = Rs. (10000 + 800 + 4500 + 5000) = Rs. 20300

l.c
ai
Checking salary option 2:

gm
@
Basic salary = Rs. 7000.

co
16% HRA .e
67
HRA = 7000 × (16/100) = = Rs. 1120
26

T.A. = Rs.3500
bh
ha

Commission = 7 × 1100 = Rs. 7700

ris

Total Salary = Rs.(7000 + 1120 + 3500 + 7700) = Rs. 19320

y(
ar

Checking salary option 3:

h
ud

Basic salary = Rs. 15000.

ho
C

TA = Rs.1200
h
ab

Commission- 3 × 800 = Rs. 2400

h
is

Total Salary = Rs. (15000 + 1200 + 2400) = Rs. 18600

rR

On comparing the given options, we find that 1st option is the best one.
fo
ed

Hence option (a) is the correct answer.

is
al
on
rs

48. (b)
pe

In such questions, we are supposed to decipher the pattern in the first pair and then apply the same pattern
s
ti

in the second pair to find the answer.

en
m

The pattern has been depicted in the following diagram:

cu
do
is
Th

Note: Q is opposite letter to J in English alphabet. Similarly, S is opposite to H, R is opposite to I and W

to D.
Thus, # = RIID
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

11 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS

49. (b)
Statement A is incorrect because the passage does not provide adequate information about the inception of
the idea of Kisan Rail.
Statement B is correct because the passage mentions that Kisan Rail has solved the problems of
connectivity, storage and transportation and hence is popular amongst farmers.
Statements C & D are incorrect because the passage does not talk about alternate modes of transport or
storage or capacity augmentation of the Indian Railways.

50. (c)
Statement 1 is correct because the passage concludes by stating that improving ways in which food is
consumed is critical to solving problems of global warming.
Statement 2 is correct because such improvement in ways in which food is produced or consumed will
happen when we understand factors that influence the current demand patterns for food and ways to
modify them to achieve outcomes in harmony with the planetary boundaries.
Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

51. (a)
Statement 1 is correct because the passage mentions that the old players are resource rich countries and
hence it can be safely assumed that such resources have a critical role to play in establishing the
dominance of such nations in the sphere of military innovation and invention.
Statement 2 is incorrect because the passage does not provide enough information about the

)
Technovitiates to conclude that their ambition and a sense of lagging behind the mainstream is responsible

om
for their action over the last few decades.

l.c
ai
Hence, option A is the correct answer.

gm
@
co
52. (a) .e
67
Statement A is correct because the passage explains how marginalisation cuts across physical space and
26

extends into the online world as well.

bh
ha

Statement B is incorrect. Even though the passage mentions that the internet has provided a platform for
ris

the ordinary person to voice their views, it also says that those marginalised in the real world are now
y(
ar

facing marginalisation in the digital sphere as well. Further the last line of the passage says that women
h
ud

have had to bear the brunt of patriarchal norms, misogyny and sexism spilling over from the real world to
ho
C

the virtual.
h
ab

Statement C is incorrect because the pandemic may have exacerbated the widespread issues of misogyny,
h
is

patriarchy, online abuse, and such other issues with the society but is not solely responsible for the same.
rR

Statement D is incorrect because the passage nowhere discusses the role of the government or the need for
fo
ed

regulating cyberspace as such.

is
al

Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

on
rs
pe

53. (d)
s
ti

On observing carefully we find that value of these letters are coded as follows:
en
m

Q=5, E=2, X=7, L=4, R=1, Y=3, K=6, A=9, H=8.

cu
do

When alphabets are numbered, then:

is

QEXL=5274
Th

RYKA=1369
QYEH=5328
Similarly,
HEAR = 8291
Hence option (d) is the correct answer.
54. (c)
Let the rate of work of one labour be x units per day.
The renovation work will be completed in 9 days by 5 labours.
12 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS
 Hence, total work = 9 × 5 × x = 45x
It is given that, for two days, five labours work.
Hence, the work done in first 2 days by five labours = 10x
So, work left = 45x – 10 x = 35x
Work done per day when 7 labours will work = 7x
So, number of days needed by 7 labours to complete the rest of the work = 35x/7x = 5 days
So, total days required to complete the work = 2 + 5 = 7 days
Hence, option (c) is correct.

55. (d)
Option (a):
5×6×3×7 = 630
Option (b):
36 = 729
Option (c):
(2/4)-4 = (4/2)4 = (2)4 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 16
Option (d):
77812/98 = 794
We can see that, 794 (i.e. 77812/98) is the largest number among the given four numbers.
Hence option (d) is the correct answer.

)
56. (a)

om
The new fractions (after adding 3 to numerator and deducting 7 from denominator) and their decimal

l.c
ai
values are given below:

gm
(4 + 3) / (11 – 7) = 7/4 = 1.75

@
co
(7 + 3) / (15 – 7) = 10/8 = 1.25 .e
67
(14 + 3) / (25 – 7) = 17/18 = 0.944
26

(11 + 3) / (17 – 7) = 14/10 = 1.4

bh
ha

Hence, we can see that fraction 4/11 has the largest value when 3 is added to numerator and 7 is deducted
ris

from denominator.
y(
ar

Hence, the correct answer is option (a).

h
ud
ho
C

57. (c)
h
ab

Height of coconut = 61 feet

h
is

Total height covered by monkey in one jump = 3 – 1 = 2 feet

rR

Number of jumps required by monkey to cover 58 feet = 58/2 = 29 jumps

fo
ed

In the 30th jump the monkey will reach the coconut.

is
al

Hence, total number of jumps required = 30

on

Hence, the correct answer is option (c).

rs
pe
s
ti

58. (c)
en
m

Cyclicity of 7:
cu

71 = 07, 72 = 49, 73 = 343, 74 = 2401

do
is

The last two digits of powers of 7 go in a cycle of 07, 49, 43 and 01.
Th

After dividing 67 by 4, we get a remainder of 3.

Hence the last two digits of 10767 = 73 = 43
Hence, the correct answer is option (c).

59. (b)
The solid cone fits exactly in the hollow cylinder. Thus, height and radius of the cylinder will be the same
as that of the cone.
Volume of cone = (1/3) × volume of cylinder
13 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS
 It means that the cone occupies 1/3rd volume of cylinder and 2/3rd volume of cylinder is vacant.
Volume of water in the vacant space of the cylinder = 100 ml (which is 2/3rd volume of the cylinder)
So, Volume of cylinder = 100 × 3/2 = 150 ml
Hence 150 ml water could have been filled in the cylinder if there was no cone.
Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

60. (a)
Distance of 800 m is covered by them in 20 seconds.
So, their relative speed = distance/time = 800/20 = 40 m/sec
One is runner is thrice as fast as the other.
So, the speed of the faster runner = 30 m/sec
Hence, the correct answer is option (a).
61. (c)
The watch gains 15 seconds in 10 minutes. So, it gains 90 seconds in 1 hour.
Time from 12 AM to 9 PM on the same day = 12 + 9 = 21 hours.
Time gained in 21 hours = 21 × 90 seconds = 1890 seconds = 31 minutes 30 seconds.
Thus, the watch will show 31 minutes 30 seconds more.
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

62. (c)
Let the weight of the carton be x kg and weight of the sanitizer bottles in the carton be y kg.

)
Now according to the question,

om
x + y = 25 kg …… (1)

l.c
ai
And x + (4y/5) = 22 kg

gm
Or 5x + 4y = 110 kg …… (2)

@
co
On solving equation (1) and equation (2), we get: .e
67
y = 15 kg
26

Weight of sanitizer bottles in 4/5th filled carton = (4/5) × y = (4/5) × 15 = 12 kg

bh
ha

According to question, it is given that each bottle of sanitizer weighs 600 gm.
ris

So, number of bottles in 4/5th filled carton = 12 kg/600 gm. = 12000 gm/600 gm = 20 bottles
y(
ar

Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

h
ud

63. (b)
ho

7/13 = 0.538461538461538461….
C
h
ab

We see that digits 538461 are repeated. It is a block of 6 digits.

h
is

If 87 is divided by 6, remainder is 3.
rR

The third number of the repeating digit block is 8.

fo
ed

Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

is
al

64. (b)
on

Total number of students = 65 + 52 + 91 = 208

rs
pe

Now it is given that the students of same section are allowed in a tent and number of students should be
s
ti

the same in each tent.

en
m

Minimum number of tents means students in a particular tent must be maximized.

cu
do

To find the maximum number of students in a tent, we have to find the HCF of number of students in
is

three sections
Th

HCF of 65, 52 and 91 = 13

Hence, the required number of tents = 208/13 = 16
Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

65. (d)
We have been asked to choose the incorrect corollary from the given statements.
Statement A can be concluded from the passage since it talks about apathy in our approach towards
diseases that affect poor people. Hence, A is incorrect.
14 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS
 Statement B & C can be concluded from the passage because it presents demonstrable proof that prompt
responses to eliminate any disease can be offered, as was seen in case of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence,
B & C are incorrect.
The passage does not talk about inequities in vaccination for diseases other than Covid that kill a
significant number of people each year. Hence, statement D cannot be concluded from the passage and is
the correct answer.

66. (b)
Statement 1 is incorrect. The passage does not talk about the affordability of education.
Statement 2 is correct. According to the passage, the intention of introducing RTE is to increase diversity
in private schools which can be assumed to be arising from the fear that educational institutions geared
towards profit could exacerbate inequalities in society.

67. (c)
Statement A is incorrect: According to the Passage-‖ The government procures all of its food through
APMCs.‖ Though the government procures all the food grains through mandis, it cannot be inferred that
APMC is the most efficient way of procurement.
Statement B is incorrect: According to the passage-‖ The government procures all of its food through
APMCs — only about 6 per cent of the farmers in India sell through the APMCs to the government.
These 6 per cent are all large farmers, primarily residing in the two states of Punjab and Haryana.‖ Here, it
is incorrect to infer that only Punjab and Haryana produce food grains worthy of procurement.
Statement C is correct: According to the passage, ―only about 6 percent of the farmers in India sell

)
om
through the APMCs to the government. These 6 percent are all large farmers‖ Here, it can be inferred that

l.c
ai
most small and marginal farmers don't have access to government procurement.

gm
@
Statement D is incorrect: Here the statement mentioned is an absolute statement. According to the passage

co
leakages do impact the redistribution of food grains after procurement but it is wrong to infer that it will
.e
67
eat away all the benefits enshrined to the bottom two third of the population.
26
bh
ha

68. (c)
ris

Statement A is incorrect- The passage towards the end does talk about elections and how elections alone
y(
ar

cannot define what it means to be democratic. However, the broader theme or crux of the passage is the
h
ud

decline in Indian democracy.

ho
C

Statement B is incorrect- The passage mentions that a democracy which elevates citizen duties over
h
ab

citizen rights, among others is a contradiction of democracy.

h
is

Statement C is correct- The passage starts with the statement ―India‘s democratic exceptionalism is now
rR

withering away.‖ It then talks about the essentials of democracy and in satire links it to the Indian
fo
ed

democracy.
is

Statement D is incorrect- According to the passage,‖ democracies do not charge peaceful protestors with
al
on

sedition‖ implies that peaceful protest is an essential aspect of democracy, but this is just one aspect that
rs
pe

has been referred to. The passage talks about the decline of Indian democracy in general.
s
ti
en
m

69. (a)
cu

Option (a) is correct: The lines ―women in societies practising wheat-based agriculture have started
do
is

challenging the norm of men being sole decision-makers.‖ substantiates the argument put forward by this
Th

statement.
Option (b) is incorrect: The reason for agriculture being a male dominated sector has not been specified in
the passage.
Option (c) is incorrect: The passage makes a mention of women engaged in wheat-based livelihoods. It
also talks about women transitioning into other roles like innovators and managers.
Option (d) is incorrect: From the passage, it is clear that men have been traditional decision makers in the
past and that women have been recently transitioning into decision making roles. However, it does not
delve into the specific reason behind men hitherto being the sole decision makers in rural areas.
15 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS
70. (b)
Let P(A) be the chances of final approval of vaccine A.
P(A) = 13/14.
Let P(B) be the chances of final approval of vaccine B.
P(B) = 17/18.
So, P(A‘) will be the chances of disapproval of vaccine A.
P(A‘)= 1 – (13/14) = 1/14
And, P(B‘) will be the chances of disapproval of vaccine B.
P(B‘) = 1 - (17/18) = 1/18
Now, Required probability = P{(A and not B) OR P{(B and not A).
= P{(A and B‘) + P{(B and A‘)
= P(A).P(B‘) + P(B).P(A‘) = {(13/14) x (1/18)} + {(17/18) x (1/14)}
= {(13/252) + (17/252)}
= 30/252
= 5/42
Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

71. (c)
Average medal tally of sections A and B,
Using the allegation rule,

)
om
l.c
ai
gm
@
co
.e
67
26
bh
ha
ris

Similarly, average medal tally of sections B and C,

y(
ar

Using the allegation rule,

h
ud
ho
C
h
ab
h
is
rR
fo
ed
is
al
on
rs
pe
s

A : B : C
ti
en

3 : 4
m
cu

3 : 2
do

9 : 12 : 8
is
Th

Total average of A, B and C = {(7 x 9) + (14 x 12) + (9 x 8)}/(9 + 12 + 8) = (63 + 168 + 72)/29 = 10.44
Hence, the correct answer is option (c).

72. (d)
Let Pankaj‘s present age be x and he is studying in class 7.
Pankaj‘s age 10 years ago = (x - 10)
Pankaj‘s age after 18 years = (x + 18)
It is given that, Pankaj‘s age after 18 years is 8 times his age 10 years back.

16 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS

 According to the question,
(x + 18) = 8(x - 10)
Or, x + 18 = 8x – 80
Or, 7x = 98
Or x = 14 years
Pankaj‘s age when he will reach class 12 = 14 + 5 = 19 years
Hence, the correct answer is option (d).

73. (d)
Let the smaller number be a. Then larger number will be (a + 2867).
According to the question,
a + 2867 = 13a +11
or, 12a = 2856
or, a = 238
Smaller number, a = 238
Sum of the digits of the smaller number = 2 + 3 + 8 = 13
Hence, the correct answer is option (d).

74. (b)
To find the remainder of any number when it is divided by 2n, we just need to focus on the ―n‖. Here n is
5, so we will take last 5 digits of the number and find its remainder.
25 = 32

)
om
Remainder of 7656569874589235905768975894 = Remainder of 75894/32 = 22

l.c
ai
Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

gm
@
co
75. (a) .e
67
Total number of fruits in the box = 5 + 5 = 10
26

Case 1:
bh
ha

Probability of choosing one apple = 5/10 = ½.

ris

After taking out one apple, 4 apples are left and total number of fruits left in the box is 9.
y(
ar

Now, Probability of choosing orange from the box = 5/9

h
ud

So, probability of choosing apple first and then orange = (1/2) × (5/9)
ho
C

Case 2:
h
ab

Probability of choosing one orange = 5/10 = ½.

h
is

After taking out one orange, 4 oranges are left and total number of fruits left in the box is 9.
rR

Now, Probability of choosing apple from the box = 5/9

fo
ed

So, probability of choosing orange first and then apple = (1/2) × (5/9)
is
al

So, the probability of choosing 1 apples and 1 orange= (1/2) × (5/9) + (1/2) × (5/9) = 5/9
on

Hence, the correct answer is option (a).

rs
pe
s
ti

76. (a)
en
m

Ratio of time-periods of A, B and C.

cu
do

A : B : C
is

4 : 3
Th

3 : 2
4 : 3 : 2
Ratio of share of profit = (capital x time)
A : B : C
9×4 : 8×3 : 7×2
36 : 24 : 14
18 : 12 : 7
Total Profit = Rs. 1,11,000
17 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS
 Combined share of B and C = 1,11,000 x {(12 + 7)/37} = Rs. 57,000
Hence, the correct answer is option (a).

77. (c)
Option (a) is incorrect: The passage says, ―But we live in a world where the bottom 50% of the population
does not receive any inherited wealth from the upper rungs, whereas some other people receive millions
or billions.‖ This is proof that there is no perfect equality in society.
Option (b) is incorrect: The passage talks about the need for a ‗more progressive taxation system‘ in order
to reduce the taxation on the poorest groups in society. This implies that all is not well with the taxation
system.
Option (c) is correct and most logical and rational inference from the passage: The lines, ―But we live in a
world where the bottom 50% of the population does not receive any inherited wealth from the upper
rungs, whereas some other people receive millions or billions.‖ testify the claim that most of the wealth is
appropriated by the richer sections of society.
Option (d) is incorrect: The passage does not mention anything regarding international assistance to solve
the issue of inequality and thus is beyond the scope of the passage.

78. (d)
Statement 1 is incorrect. The general tone of the passage is of optimism. Here the passage talks about the
positive developments on part of the state with respect to the Maoist challenge. On the contrary, statement
1 assumes it is a complex internal security challenge.

)
Statement 2 is incorrect. According to the information in the passage, there is certainly a tendency by

om
Maoist sympathisers to gain international attention through relentless propaganda against our security

l.c
ai
forces. But it is incorrect to assume that it can impact decision makers.

gm
@
Hence both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect. Therefore, D is the correct answer.

co
.e
67
79. (c)
26

Option (a) is incorrect: The passage talks about the measures by which the economy can be revived like,
bh
ha

the injection of private investment and overhauling of the credit ecosystem.

ris

Option (b) is incorrect: The passage mentions private investment and public-private partnerships in
y(
ar

addition to government spending, to boost the infrastructure sector.

h
ud

Option (c) is correct: The passage mentions that along with the government expenditure, the injection of
ho
C

private investment is also the need of the hour.

h
ab

Option (d) is incorrect because the passage does not talk about Development Finance Institute (DFI).
h
is

80. (b)
rR

Statement 1 is incorrect as the use of ―only‖ makes it an extreme statement. Assuming an extreme
fo
ed

statement is not valid.

is
al

Statement 2 is correct as from the lines "to encourage women to use formal healthcare services for
on

institutional deliveries" and "the objective is to reduce neonatal and maternal mortality among poor", it is
rs
pe

valid to assume that informal healthcare services are not as safe as formal services.
s
ti

Statement 3 is incorrect as the use of ―always‖ makes it an extreme statement. Also, the passage doesn‘t
en
m

mention anything about urban women, so this assumption is invalid.

cu

Statement 4 is correct as from the lines ―While the efforts of JSY and other schemes improved the number
do
is

of institutional deliveries, the maternal and newborn mortality rates were not affected significantly‖, it is
Th

safe to assume that other factors are also involved else increment in institutional deliveries would have led
to improvement in these rates.

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18 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS