PURPOSIVE MIDTERM
People from low-context cultures have
STUDY NAA SA PPT
Cultural Dimensions
Communication
First Dimension
 Individualistic culture - Puts premium
on the self and personal fulfillment.
Individualistic cultural background
tend to be more assertive,
confrontational, and direct to get
things done at their own pace
 Collectivist culture- It values teamwork
and collaboration
 while people with a collectivist
cultural background work more
harmoniously in groups and
cooperate with others to avoid
conflict.
 Cultures in First World Countries such
as the USA, Canada, Northern and
Western European countries are highly
individualistic while most of the cultures
in Latin America, East and Southeast
Asia, and Africa are collectivist
Second Dimension
Context
Two categories of context
 Low-context culture It views explicit
words as a way to convey messages
 High-context culture- It uses subtle
non-verbal behaviors and implicit
information to convey meaning.
When people who have low-context
cultures interact with people from high-
context cultures, they have to be
sensitive to each other's messages.
to pay attention to the body language
and gestures of those from high
contextcultures. They might need to ask
in for clarifications for vague messages.
People from high- context cultures need
not be offended if they receive direct
messages and assertions from people
with low-context cultures
Third Dimension
Chronemics -pertains to the concept
of time among cultures.
 Monochronic culture- It advocates
punctuality, timely completion of tasks,
and accomplishment of one task at a
time
 . Since monochronic culture views
time as something very important,
people from this culture might be
annoyed with a person with a
polychronic cultural background
who arrives late.
 Polychronic culture- It has a more fluid
and flexible concept of time. In this
culture, task interruption and multi-
tasking are acceptable practices and
maintaining relationships is more
important than strictly following a
schedule
 polychronic culture has a more fluid
and flexible concept of time. In this
culture, task interruption and multi-
tasking are acceptable practices and
maintaining relationships is more
important than strictly following a
schedule.
Fourth Dimension
Uncertainty Avoidance
 Low-uncertainty avoidance
culture It is tolerant of
unpredictable and
uncontrollable situations. It
usually maintains few rules as
possible and al lows for the
spontaneity of responses to
situations
 low-uncertainty avoidance
culture, meeting strangers or
initiating new relationships
are fun and exciting.
 people from low-uncertainty
avoidance cultures might
find the imposition of too
much rules and systems
quite upsetting and asking a
lot of questions too
demanding.
 High-uncertainty avoidance
culture It values precision and
always attempts to anticipate
risks to possibly reduce them.
Having high- uncertainty
avoidance culture use
precise language and ask a
lot of questions
 high uncertainty avoidance
culture. having high-
uncertainty avoidance
culture use precise language
and ask a lot of questions.
They are particular about
rules and systems.
 high-uncertainty avoidance
culture would rather date or
meet with family and friends
Fifth Dimension
Power distance- to an extent to
how equality or inequality of power is
expected or accepted
 Low-power distance culture- It
values equal distribution of
power. This is observed in the
cultures of Austria, Finland,
Denmark, Norway, and USA.
Though power exists, people
from this culture value
democracy and egalitarian
behavior
 Low-power distance culture
values equal distribution of
power. This is observed in
the cultures of Austria,
Finland, Denmark, Norway,
and USA
 High-power distance culture It
recognizes that unequal
distribution of power is normal .
This type of culture is evident in
countries in the Middle East,
and in Malaysia, Guatemala,
Venezuela, and Singapore
Sixth Dimension
Gender (masculinity or femininity)
 Masculine culture It advocate for
strict adherence to
conventional gender roles and
behaviors. In this culture,
masculine roles are more
valued than feminine roles
 Mexico, Italy, and Japan have
highly masculine cultures in
which the role of males is
highly valued than the role
of females.
  Feminine culture It is based on
the premise that men and
women assume varieties of
roles and thus, are both valued
regardless of their sex and
gender.
 Women tend to be more
silent and for men and
women in feminine cultures,
they are able to empathize,
sympathize, argue, and
assert themselves without
necessarily being abhorred
by society.
 Driven by a high standard of
performance, assertiveness, a
competitiveness, men having a
high masculine cultural
background are not to
empathize well with others and
exhibit compassion.
 If you go to Sweden,
Denmark, and Norway, there
seems to be no male
supremacy because males
and females are viewed
equally in terms of their role
in society.
Seventh Dimension
Long-term or Short-term
 Short-term orientation culture It
is characterized by being very
performance-driven. It
emphasizes quick results,
fulfilment of social obligations,
and efficient revenue
generation.
 It values perseverance
towards the achievement of
goals, Countries with short-
term orientation culture
include USA, Pakistan,
Russia, Canada, Norway, and
the United Kingdom.
 Long-term orientation culture It
is more laid back that it has
more patience in waiting for the
outcomes of an action. It values
perseverance towards the
achievement of goals
 An understanding of these
cultural dimensions is integral
to becoming an effective
intercultural communicator
who is competent in interacting
and dealing with people and
situations in multicultural and
diverse settings. A competent
intercultural communicator
interprets and shares meanings
with individuals from different
cultures with accuracy, respect,
and a high level of sensitivity
 Failing to develop insights about
cultural nuances and
differences can be costly.
Recognizing and responding to
differences among cultures
allow for more meaningful
relationships. At the same time,
there is a need to be mindful of
the fact that not everyone from
a particular culture exhibits the
same characteristics and
communication traits.
GOD BLESS <3