Enviromental studies

Moaz Essam
Mostafa Mohamed
Abdelrahman Ashraf Madboly
Ali Edine Hussein
Elsayed Mostafa Elsayed
Ahmed Bassam
Ahmed Ashraf
• Index
1-History of Environmental Design.................3
2-Disscus of Environments Design...................4
3-Environments Types....................5
4-Environments Elements............6
5-Effects of Natural And Human in Environment ...7
6-Difference between Sustinable And Green Architecture..8/9
7-Two Examples About sustinable And Green Architecture
8-Refrences
• introduction

History of Enviromental Design :

The introduction of environmental design happened in 500 BC in ancient Greek society. The first
introduction of the concept is about the heat of the sun. At that time, people started to run out of
firewood, and therefore they started to build houses which are able to trap the sun’s heat. Greece
understood that the sun had been changing its position over the years. And by using an appropriate
calculation, they build houses whose facade faces South so that they will receive small heat and
even no heat at all in the summer; however, it will receive full heat in the winter so that it will warm
the house all the season. Besides, this position will protect the house from the north wind, which is
colder. This smart building arrangement gives influence to the cities’ pattern. With such orientation, -View of ancient roman architecture that
many streets would run east-west. Another practice of environmental design introduction was shows Enviromental design
found with Romans in the first century BCE. It was found that many public baths had oriented to the
south. In this architecture, glass was added to the window to allow the light to get past and to trap
the interior heat so that it won’t come out. This introduction practice has also been used to plant
and grow crops and some exotic plants With this sun’s heat orientation of the building and the use
of glass to collect the sun’s heat, those ancient people identified how to utilize the energy from the
sun. The people created curved mirrors to concentrate the sun’s rays with enough intensity to be
able to burn in seconds.
Sustainability appeared in the architecture of the ancient Egyptian civilization through religious and
spiritual influences, the ancient Egyptian's belief in eternal life after death made him build the
buildings of the initial temporary life from materials that are not resistant to the factors of time, -View of Ancient Islamic Architecture
that show Enviromental Design in Eygpt
such as mud bricks because he will live in them for a temporary period of time, while religious el-suhaimi house
facilities were built of materials that have the character of permanence such as stone. While the
temple appeared to be huge, multi-storey and high.

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• Ancient Islamic Architecture:

1-The mashrabiya It is an architectural element represented in the emergence of rooms on the

first floor or above it, extending over the street or inside the courtyard of the building (in houses
with middle courtyards). Mmashrabiya is built of wood embossed, decorated and lined with
stained glass. Mishrabiya is one of the elements of traditional desert architecture in the hot Arab
countries, it began its appearance in the sixth century AH (the thirteenth century AD) during the
Abbasid era, and continued to be used until the early twentieth century AD. The use of
mashrabiyas is frequent in palaces and traditional houses.

2-Al-Takhtbush It is one of the most important elements of the lattice in Islamic architecture, and
perhaps the most famous surviving example of it is the one in the Al-Suhaimi House on Al-Mu'izz
Street, which remains from the Abbasid era. The takhtboush is a rectangular or square-shaped
roofed space located between the courtyard of the house and its back garden towards the north, Mashrabia
in which sofas are placed. It is made of wood for the owner of the house to sit in with his guests.
The takhbush is distinguished by its high ceiling to give more ventilation, and as for its sides,
there are large barstools overlooking the back garden, allowing passage air current
• Disscus of Enviromental Design:
The environment is the system that supports and studies all life on Earth, and it
is the system that studies the interrelationships "first" of living organisms Natural Elements
between each other, and "second" between living organisms and the
surrounding environment, including living and non-living factors that surround
them and affect their existence, development and distribution. The environment
is the set of biological, chemical and physical elements that affect it and its
continuity. The researchers divided the environment into two concepts: The Weather Soil Water Sea
natural environment: What is meant is the environment in which humans are not
involved, such as weather, water, soil and sea.
We will explore the basic principles and importance of eco-design, highlighting
its role in creating environmentally responsible, socially inclusive and
aesthetically pleasing spaces. By incorporating sustainable strategies into the
design and construction of buildings, landscapes and urban areas, ecological
design aims to mitigate climate change, conserve resources, enhance
biodiversity and improve the quality of life for current and future generations.
During this discussion, we will delve into different aspects of environmental
design, including sustainable architecture, urban planning, landscape design,
and interior design. We will explore how these disciplines embrace principles
such as energy efficiency, renewable materials, water conservation, waste
reduction, and the use of green spaces to create environmentally friendly
environments and enhance human well-being.

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 Environment Types

- The natural environment: It includes - The social

the “atmosphere” and the air and environment: which is
gases it contains, the “hydrosphere” a person’s
which is the largest environmental relationships with
group and includes seas, oceans, others through
rivers, rain and ice, and the customs, traditions,
“lithosphere” which is the outer shell religion, and official
that surrounds the Earth. It includes institutions, which in
mountains, rocks, soil, and the turn social laws
“biosphere,” which means all living regulate these
organisms present in the hydrosphere, relationships.
rocks, and atmosphere.

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 Environment Elements

Living
Elements
- These are the “producing living
elements,” which are self-trophic elements
such as plants that produce oxygen and
produce their own food, and are the
primary source of food for humans and
animals. “The consuming living elements,”
which are the elements that cannot form
their own food and represent humans and
animals. Which depend for their food on
meat or herbs, “living decomposers” such
as bacteria and fungi, which decompose
organic materials from living organisms
into materials that are absorbed by the
soil.
Ecosystem
Non Living
Elements
- It is an integrated system
that contains living and non-
living organisms, which has
- They are the non-biotic
all the physical
components and include a
characteristics that help all
group of physical and
types of living things to
chemical elements that
differ from one region to coexist with each other. The
ecosystem is not restricted to
another, such as soil,
a specific area or size, and it
water, air, sun, and
may be very large or very
minerals.
small.

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 Effects of Natural And
-Environmental Architecture
-Cutting Forests is Negative
Human Effect .
Human In Environment is A positive Human Effect.

Second type Is human made

First is natural environment:
environment: An
Everything that surrounds us
environment that has been
constitutes the environment. The
created by humans to satisfy
earth is made up of various
their requirements is said to
environments in which all living and
be an “environment that has
non-living things coexist. Nature’s
been humanmade.” Humans
biological, physical and natural
have shaped their
forces interact to generate
environments by constructing
conditions that allow creatures to
things like buildings, roads
survive
and bridges.

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P.O.C Green architecture
1-Definition: - Green architecture, also known as sustainable
architecture or ecofriendly architecture,
specifically focuses on the design and
construction of buildings that minimize their
impact on the environment and promote
resource efficiency.
2-Scope: - Green architecture concentrates on
sustainable practices within the field of
architecture and building design.
3-Approach: -Green architecture primarily emphasizes
environmental considerations, such as energy
efficiency, water conservation, use of
renewable materials, and waste reduction.
4-Long-term impact: -Green architecture seeks to minimize the
environmental footprint of buildings, ensuring
they have a reduced impact on resources and
ecosystems.
5-Implementation: -Green architecture implements sustainable
design strategies and technologies in
the planning, design, construction, and
operation of buildings.
Sustainable architecture
- Sustainability refers to the overall goal of
meeting present needs without
compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs. It
involves considering economic, social, and
environmental aspects.
- Sustainability encompasses a broader
perspective, extending beyond architecture
to various sectors such as energy,
transportation, agriculture, and more.
- Sustainability is a holistic approach that
considers the interconnectedness of
economic, social, and environmental factors.
It aims to achieve a balance between these
aspects.
-Sustainability focuses on the long-term
impact of human activities on the planet and
aims to develop solutions that are viable in
the long run.
-Sustainability principles can be applied
across various domains, including
economics, policy- making, urban planning,
manufacturing, and more.
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6-Considerations:
7-Standards and Certifications:
8-Cost and Economy:
-Green architecture primarily focuses on
environmental considerations, such as energy
efficiency, water conservation, indoor air
quality, and ecological preservation.
-Green architecture adheres to specific
standards and certifications, such as LEED
(Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design) or BREEAM (Building Research
Establishment Environmental Assessment
Method), which specifically address
sustainable building design and construction
practices.
- Initial investments may be higher but will
provide savings in operation, maintenance
and resource consumption in the long term.
-Sustainability involves a comprehensive
analysis of economic viability, social equity,
and environmental impact in decision-making
processes.
-Sustainability frameworks and certifications,
such as the United Nations Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) or the Global
Reporting Initiative (GRI), provide guidelines
for sustainable practices across various
industries.
-can have an additional cost in the first place
but save costs in the long term by saving
energy and reducing building maintenance.
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• Refrences:
- United Nations Sustainable Development Goals:
https://sdgs.un.org/
- Global Reporting Initiative: https://www.globalreporting.org/ -
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED):
https://www.usgbc.org/leed
- Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment
Method (BREEAM): https://www.breeam.com/
- https://greenbuildingcanada.ca/difference-between-green-
sustainable-buildings/
- http://www.kreafolk.com