KIM AND YANNA: GOOD MORNING EVERYONE TODAY WE ARE GOING TO TALK ABOUT WASTE

MANAGEMENT

KIM :

What is waste management?

Waste management refers to the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to
its final disposal. This includes the collection, transport, treatment, and disposal of waste, together with
monitoring and regulation. It also encompasses the legal and regulatory framework that relates to waste
management encompassing guidance on recycling, etc.

YANNA : There are different types of waste such as municipal (household, commercial), hazardous
(industrial), biomedical, and electronic waste, each requiring different methods of disposal and
management.

Waste, if not managed properly, can have significant impacts on both human health and the
environment. Let's break it down by the type of waste:

SALMAN : Municipal Waste: This includes household and commercial waste. If not properly managed,
it can lead to unsanitary conditions that increase the risk of disease. Improper disposal can also lead to
pollution of water sources, causing harm to aquatic life and potentially impacting human health.

ADRIAN : Hazardous Waste: This includes industrial waste like chemicals and radioactive materials.
Exposure to hazardous waste can cause serious health issues, including cancers, birth defects, and long-
term health problems. It can also contaminate soil and water, making them unsafe for use.

FRITZ :Biomedical Waste: This includes waste from hospitals and healthcare facilities. If not properly
disposed of, it can spread infectious diseases and expose healthcare workers and the public to potential
infection.

JANVINCE: Electronic Waste: This includes discarded electronic devices. These often contain harmful
substances like lead, mercury, and cadmium. If not properly disposed of, these substances can leach into
the soil and water, causing environmental damage and posing a risk to human health.

KIM :In terms of environmental impact, improper waste management can lead to soil, water, and air
pollution. It can harm wildlife, contribute to climate change, and degrade natural habitats.

That's why proper waste management is so important. It's not just about keeping our surroundings
clean; it's also about protecting our health and the health of our planet.

YANNA :What is the goal of waste management?

The goal of waste management is to ensure trash is disposed of in the least harmful way to the
environment and surrounding population. This is why the concept of the "Three Rs" - Reduce, Reuse,
and Recycle - is so widely promoted. It's all about minimizing waste, reusing items as much as possible
before replacing, and recycling items that are no longer usable
the Three R's! They're a fundamental part of waste management and environmental sustainability. They
stand for:

SALAMAN Reduce: This is the most effective of the three R's and the first one for a reason. The goal
here is to lessen the amount of waste we produce in the first place. This can be achieved by buying only
what we need, choosing products with less packaging, and avoiding single-use items like plastic water
bottles or disposable cutlery.

ADRIAN Reuse: This involves finding a new purpose for an item instead of throwing it away. For
example, you could use a glass jar as a container for leftovers, or turn an old t-shirt into a cleaning rag.
Reusing items not only reduces waste but also saves the resources and energy that would have been
used to produce a new item.

JANVINCE Recycle: If you can't reduce or reuse, the next best thing is to recycle. Recycling involves
taking waste and turning it into new products. This can range from composting your food scraps to
returning plastic bottles and cans at a recycling center.

FRITZ :
By practicing the Three R's, we can all contribute to reducing the amount of waste that ends up in
landfills, conserving natural resources, saving energy, and reducing pollution. It's a simple yet powerful
way to help protect our planet. 🌍

I MENTION LNG KUNG ANO ANO ANG DISEASE WAG MUNA BASAHIN MEANING

Improper waste disposal can indeed lead to a variety of health issues, as it can contaminate our air,
water, and soil, and become a breeding ground for pathogens. Here are some diseases that can be
linked to improper waste management:

Respiratory Disorders: Exposure to waste can lead to various respiratory disorders. For instance, burning
waste can release harmful pollutants that, when inhaled, can cause asthma, bronchitis, and other
respiratory problems.

Gastrointestinal Issues: If waste contaminates water sources, it can lead to diseases like cholera,
dysentery, and typhoid fever, which are caused by consuming water contaminated with harmful
bacteria and parasites.

Skin Diseases: Direct contact with waste can lead to skin problems like rashes, allergies, and infections.
This is particularly a risk for people who handle waste without proper protection.

Infections: Improperly disposed medical waste can spread infectious diseases. For example, used
needles can transmit diseases like HIV and hepatitis if not disposed of properly.

Malaria and Dengue: Improper waste management can create breeding grounds for mosquitoes, leading
to the spread of diseases like malaria and dengue.

Leptospirosis: This bacterial disease can be contracted from water or soil contaminated by the urine of
infected animals, often as a result of poor waste management.
Cancer and Other Long-Term Effects: Exposure to hazardous waste can lead to long-term health effects.
For instance, chemicals and radioactive waste can increase the risk of cancer.

These potential health risks highlight the importance of proper waste management. It's crucial to
handle, segregate, and dispose of waste correctly to protect our health and the environment.

WHAT ARE WAYS TO PREVENT THESE DESEASES

Proper Waste Disposal: Always dispose of your waste properly. Use designated bins for different types
of waste (biodegradable, non-biodegradable, hazardous) and make sure they are collected and disposed
of by authorized waste management services.

Recycle and Compost: Recycle as much as possible to reduce the amount of waste that ends up in
landfills. Composting organic waste at home can also reduce waste and provide nutrient-rich soil for
plants.

Safe Handling of Waste: If you're handling waste, especially medical or industrial waste, always use
appropriate protective equipment like gloves and masks.

Clean Water Sources: Ensure your water source is clean and safe for consumption. Boil water if you're
unsure of its cleanliness.

Education: Educate yourself and others about the importance of proper waste management and the
health risks associated with improper waste disposal.

IF MAG ASK SI SIR EXAMPLE NG EACH WASTE EXAMPLES:

*Municipal waste, also known as household waste or residential waste, refers to the waste generated by
households, commercial establishments, and institutions within a community. It includes a wide range of
materials that are commonly found in our day-to-day lives. Here are some examples of municipal waste:

Food Waste: This includes leftover food, spoiled produce, and expired items from our kitchens and
dining areas.

Paper and Cardboard: This category includes newspapers, magazines, cardboard boxes, office paper,
and packaging materials.

Plastic: Municipal waste often includes various types of plastic waste, such as plastic bottles, containers,
packaging, and bags.

Glass: Glass waste from households, such as empty bottles and jars, is also considered a part of
municipal waste.

Metals: Common metals found in municipal waste include aluminum cans, tin cans, and scrap metal
from household items.

Textiles: Municipal waste also includes clothing, linens, and other textile products that are discarded by
households.
Electronics: Electronic waste, or e-waste, is becoming a significant part of municipal waste due to the
disposal of outdated or broken electronic devices such as televisions, computers, and smartphones.

Bulky Items: Municipal waste can also include large and bulky items like furniture, mattresses,
appliances, and other household items that are no longer in use.

It's important to manage municipal waste properly through recycling, composting, or appropriate
disposal methods to minimize its impact on the environment and human health.

*Hazardous waste refers to waste materials that pose a threat to human health, the environment, or
both due to their chemical, biological, or physical properties. Here are some examples of hazardous
waste:

Chemical Waste: This includes various chemicals such as solvents, paints, pesticides, cleaning agents,
and laboratory reagents that contain toxic or hazardous substances.

Industrial Waste: Hazardous waste generated by industries can include heavy metals like lead, mercury,
cadmium, and arsenic, as well as toxic chemicals, acids, and sludge.

Medical Waste: Waste generated by healthcare facilities, laboratories, and research institutions can be
hazardous. This includes items contaminated with blood or other bodily fluids, used needles, and
pharmaceutical waste.

Electronic Waste: Also known as e-waste, this category includes discarded electronic devices like
computers, televisions, mobile phones, and batteries. These devices often contain toxic substances such
as lead, mercury, and cadmium.

Radioactive Waste: Waste generated from nuclear power plants, medical facilities, and research
institutes that deal with radioactive materials is considered hazardous. This waste requires special
handling and disposal due to its potential to cause harm.

Asbestos: Waste containing asbestos, a fibrous mineral once commonly used in construction materials,
is hazardous due to its carcinogenic properties. It can be found in insulation, roofing materials, and older
building structures.

Biological Waste: Waste materials that are contaminated with infectious agents, such as medical waste
from hospitals or research facilities, are considered hazardous due to the potential for spreading
diseases.

It's important to handle and dispose of hazardous waste properly to prevent contamination, pollution,
and harm to human health and the environment. Strict regulations and specialized facilities are in place
to manage and treat hazardous waste safely.

*Biomedical waste, also known as medical waste, refers to any waste that is generated during the
diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals. It requires special handling and
disposal due to its potential to spread diseases. Here are some examples of biomedical waste:

Sharps: This category includes used needles, syringes, scalpels, and other sharp objects that can cause
injury and potential exposure to infection.
Infectious Waste: This includes waste contaminated with blood, body fluids, and other potentially
infectious materials. It can come from surgery, laboratory tests, or patient care.

Pathological Waste: This includes human tissues, organs, and body parts removed during surgery or
autopsy.

Pharmaceutical Waste: This includes expired, unused, and contaminated drugs and vaccines. It also
includes items contaminated by pharmaceuticals, like bottles or boxes.

Chemical Waste: This includes disinfectants, solvents used for laboratory preparations, and heavy
metals contained in medical supplies and equipment.

Radioactive Waste: This includes waste products from nuclear medicine treatments and research, such
as radioactive isotopes.

Cytotoxic Waste: This includes waste containing substances with genotoxic properties, such as certain
chemotherapy drugs, which can be harmful or lethal to cells.

Proper management of biomedical waste is crucial to prevent the spread of diseases and protect
healthcare workers, patients, and the environment from potential harm.

*Electronic waste, also known as e-waste, refers to discarded electronic or electrical devices or their
parts. It's one of the fastest-growing waste streams globally due to the rapid advancement of
technology. Here are some examples of electronic waste:

Computers and Laptops: When these devices become obsolete or break down, they become e-waste.
This includes all their components like monitors, keyboards, mice, and internal parts like hard drives and
RAM.

Mobile Phones: With new models coming out every year, old mobile phones often end up as e-waste.
This also includes other handheld devices like tablets and MP3 players.

Televisions: Old CRT, LCD, LED, and plasma TVs that are no longer in use are considered e-waste.

Printers and Scanners: These devices, along with used cartridges and toners, are common forms of e-
waste.

Home Appliances: This includes a wide range of items like refrigerators, washing machines, microwaves,
air conditioners, and even smaller items like toasters and coffee makers.

Audio and Video Equipment: This includes items like DVD players, stereo systems, cameras, and video
game consoles.

Batteries and Chargers: All types of used batteries (like car batteries, phone batteries) and old chargers
are considered e-waste.

E-waste often contains hazardous materials like lead, mercury, and cadmium, which can be harmful to
the environment and human health if not disposed of properly. However, it also contains valuable
materials like gold, silver, and copper, which can be recovered and recycled.
EXTRA INFO LANG THIS ONE

There are several different types of waste management strategies, each designed to handle different
types of waste or to achieve different outcomes. Here are some of the most common ones:

Landfill: This is the most common waste disposal method, where waste is buried in the ground. While
it's not the most environmentally friendly option, modern landfills are designed to prevent the
contamination of groundwater and the release of strong odors.

Incineration: This method involves burning waste at high temperatures to convert it into residue and
gaseous products. The advantage is that it reduces the volume of waste by 80-90% and it can generate
heat, steam, or electricity.

Recycling: This process involves converting waste materials into reusable materials. It helps to reduce
the consumption of raw materials, energy usage, air pollution, and water pollution.

Composting: This is a natural process that turns organic material like vegetable scraps and leaves into a
nutrient-rich soil conditioner. It's a form of recycling that specifically deals with organic waste.

Anaerobic Digestion: This is a series of biological processes in which microorganisms break down
biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen. It's widely used to treat wastewater sludges and
organic waste because it provides volume and mass reduction of the input material.

Recovery and Recycling: Resource recovery is the segregation of waste into individual components
which can be turned back to raw materials.

Waste to Energy (Recover Energy): This method is a form of energy recovery. Most waste-to-energy
processes produce electricity or heat directly through combustion.

Avoidance/Waste Minimization: The most effective waste management strategy is generating less waste
in the first place. This can be achieved through efficient use of materials and products, waste
prevention, and promoting sustainable practices.

Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of method can depend on
factors like the type of waste, local regulations, and available resources.

There are many ways to reduce waste by choosing products with less packaging. Here are a few
examples:

Buy in Bulk: Purchasing food and other items in bulk can significantly reduce the amount of packaging
waste. You can often find grains, pasta, nuts, spices, and even cleaning products in bulk bins. Just
remember to bring your own reusable containers!

Choose Fresh Over Packaged: Whenever possible, opt for fresh fruits and vegetables instead of those
that come in plastic bags or containers. You can also bring your own reusable produce bags to the store.

Avoid Single-Serve Items: Single-serve items like yogurt cups, snack packs, and coffee pods generate a
lot of waste. Instead, buy larger quantities and portion out servings as needed.

Choose Glass or Metal Over Plastic: Glass and metal containers are often easier to recycle than plastic
ones. Plus, they can often be reused!
Refillable Products: More and more brands are offering refillable versions of their products, from
cleaning supplies to personal care products. This can significantly cut down on packaging waste.