General Chemistry 1

Activity Sheet
Quarter 1 – MELC 11
Mass Relationships in Chemical
Reactions

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

General Chemistry 1
Activity Sheet No. 11 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
First Edition, 2021

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Introductory Message
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Name of Learner: _________________________________________________________
Grade and Section:________________________ Date: _________________________

GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1 ACTIVITY SHEET No. 11

Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

I. Learning Competency with Code

Construct mole or mass ratios for a reaction in order to calculate the
amount of reactant needed or amount of product formed in terms of
moles or mass (STEM_GC11MR-Ig-h-38)

II. Background Information for Learners

A balanced chemical equation provides the basis for chemical

calculations called stoichiometry. In performing stoichiometric
calculations, always begin with a balanced chemical equation. Take for
example the combustion of methane.

CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)

On a quantitative basis, at the molecular level, the equation

tells you that one mole of CH4 reacts with two moles of O2 to produce
one mole of CO2 and two moles of H2O. Likewise, the balanced
chemical equation tells you the following stoichiometric relationships
involving the reaction:
1 mol CH4: 2 mol O2
1 mol CH4: 1 mol CO2
1 mol CH4: 2 mol H2O
2 mol O2: 1 nol CO2
2 mol O2: 2 mol H2O
1 mol CO2: 2 mol H2O

Any of these relationships can be used as a conversion factor.

Moreover, notice that the Law of Conservation of Mass is obeyed
as the masses of the reactants and the products are calculated. The
total mass on the left side of the equation is equal to that on the right
side.
Mass of Reactants Mass of the products
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
(1 x 12g C + 4 x 1g H) + 2(2 x 16g = (12g C + 2 x 16g O) + 2(2 x 1g H + 16g
O) O)
16 g + 64 g = 44 g + 36 g
80 g = 80 g

Stoichiometry can be expressed as mole to mole, mass to mass,

and mole to mass.
FORMULAS:

Mole to Mole Relationship

If the number of moles of one substance is given in the problem,
you can determine the number of moles of any of the other substances
in the chemical reaction or chemical equation by using a mole
conversion factor based on the coefficients in the balanced chemical
equation.
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑 = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑥
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛

Mole to Mass or Mass to Mole Relationship

The gram is the most convenient unit for measuring amounts of
reactants or products in the laboratory. In order to convert moles to
grams or grams to moles, you have to make use of the molar mass of
the given compound.

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑 = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑥 𝑥 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒

1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑥 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑥
𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛

Mass to Mass Relationship

If the problem asks for the mass in grams of one substance and
the mass of another substance is given, you will use the formula below.
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑥 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑥 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛
𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒

SAMPLE PROBLEMS:

1) The reaction of aluminum with iodine produces aluminum iodide.

How many moles of AlI3(s), are produced by the reaction of 4.0 mole
of aluminum according to the following equation:

2Al(s) + 3I2(s) → AlI3(s)

Given: mole of Al = 4.0 mole

Plan: mole of Al → mole of AlI3

Solution:
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙𝐼3
4.0 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙 𝑥 = 2.0 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙𝐼3
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙

Note: 1 mole AlI3 / 2 mole Al came from balanced equation

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2) Calculate the moles of oxygen produced during the thermal
decomposition of 100.0 g of potassium chlorate to form potassium
chloride and oxygen in the following reaction:

2KClO3(s) → 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)

Given: mass of KClO3 = 100.0 g

Plan: g of KClO3 → mole of KClO3 → mole of O2

Molar mass = no. of atoms x atomic mass

Molar mass of KClO3: K = 1 x 39 = 39
Cl = 1 x 35 = 35
O = 3 x 16 = 48
122 g/mol
or 1 mol KClO3 = 122 g of KClO3

Solution:
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3 3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2
1.00 𝑔 𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3 x 𝑥 = 0.012 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2
122 𝑔 𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3

3) What mass of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, would be required to

produce 16 g of the antacid milk of magnesia (magnesium hydroxide,
Mg(OH)2), by the reaction of magnesium chloride, MgCl2 and NaOH?

MgCl2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl(aq)

Given: mass of Mg(OH)2 = 16 g

Plan:
g of Mg(OH)2 → mole of Mg(OH)2 → mole of NaOH → g of
NaOH

Molar mass of Mg(OH)2: Mg = 1 x 24 = 24

O = 2 x 16 = 32
H=2x1 = 2
58 g/mol

Molar mass of NaOH; Na = 1 x 23 = 23

O = 1 x 16 = 16
H=1x1 = 1
40 g/mol
Solution:

1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑀𝑔(𝑂𝐻)2 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 40 𝑔 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻

16 𝑔 𝑀𝑔(𝑂𝐻)2 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
58 𝑔 𝑀𝑔(𝑂𝐻)2 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑀𝑔(𝑂𝐻)2 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
= 22.07 𝑔 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻

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III. Activity Proper:

Activity #1
Directions: Write the balanced equation that represents each
reaction, and then perform the calculations. Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.

1) Nitrogen gas combines with hydrogen gas to form ammonia

a) How many moles of hydrogen gas are required to react with 10
mol of nitrogen gas?
b) How many moles of ammonia are formed from 5 mole of
hydrogen gas?

2) Solid lime, calcium oxide, dissolves in aqueous solution of hydrogen

chloride to form solid calcium chloride and liquid water.
a) How many grams of hydrochloric acid are needed to make 100
grams of calcium chloride?
b) How many moles of calcium chloride are formed if 80 grams
of calcium oxide were used?

IV. Reflection

I have learned that __________________________________________________

I have realized that __________________________________________________

I will apply __________________________________________________________

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V. Answer Key

Reflection: (Answer may vary)

𝑥 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝑂2 = 1.43 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 56 𝑔 𝐶𝑎𝑂

b) 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 = 80 𝑔 𝐶𝑎𝑂 𝑥
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝑂 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙
= 65.45 𝑔 𝐻𝐶𝑙
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 2
𝑥 a) 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 100 𝑔 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 𝑥 110 𝑔 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 𝑥
36 𝑔 𝐻𝐶𝑙 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙
2) CaO(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(s) + H2O(l)

3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2
= 3.33 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝐻3 b) 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝐻3 = 5 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2 𝑥
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝐻3
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁2
= 30 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2 a) 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2 = 10 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁2 𝑥
3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2
1) N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)
Activity #1

VI. Links and Other References:

Espinosa, Allen A, et.al., (2016), General Chemistry 1 pp. 105 - 108.

Makati City: DIWA Learning System Inc.

Licuanan, Patricia, et. al., (2016), Teaching Guide for Senior High
School General Chemistry 1 Specialized subject / Academic STEM.
Quezon City: Commission on Higher Education.

Whitten, Kenneth, et.al., (2007). Chemistry pp.90 - 93. Eight Edition.

United States of America. Thomson Corporation.

General Chemistry 1 Module. Alternative Delivery Mode.

Accessed/Downloaded August 7, 2020,
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