The respiratory system lecture covered the anatomy and physiology of respiration. It began with the structures of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs and their coverings. It then discussed the mechanics of breathing including inspiration, expiration, lung volumes and respiratory sounds. Key points included the division of the lungs into lobes, the events of external and internal respiration, and normal respiratory rates that change throughout life.
The respiratory system lecture covered the anatomy and physiology of respiration. It began with the structures of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs and their coverings. It then discussed the mechanics of breathing including inspiration, expiration, lung volumes and respiratory sounds. Key points included the division of the lungs into lobes, the events of external and internal respiration, and normal respiratory rates that change throughout life.
The respiratory system lecture covered the anatomy and physiology of respiration. It began with the structures of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs and their coverings. It then discussed the mechanics of breathing including inspiration, expiration, lung volumes and respiratory sounds. Key points included the division of the lungs into lobes, the events of external and internal respiration, and normal respiratory rates that change throughout life.
The respiratory system lecture covered the anatomy and physiology of respiration. It began with the structures of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs and their coverings. It then discussed the mechanics of breathing including inspiration, expiration, lung volumes and respiratory sounds. Key points included the division of the lungs into lobes, the events of external and internal respiration, and normal respiratory rates that change throughout life.
Superior soft palate(muscle) Pharynx(Throat) 3 regions of pharynx Tonsil of Phayrnx -Nasopharnx- superior region/behind the nasal cavity -Pharyngeal tonsil -Oropharynx- middle region/behind the mouth -Palatine tonsil -Laryngopharynx- inferior region/attached to larynx -Lingual tonsil
Layrnx- voice box
Structure of Larynx: Thyroid cartilage- largest hyaline cartilage Vocal cords- create sound Epiglottis-superior opening to larynx Glottis- opening between vocal cords
Trachea-(Windpipe) connects larynx to bronchi
Primary bronchi- formed by division of trachea Each lung divided into lobes by fissures: Lungs-occupy most of thoracic cavity Right lung 3 lobes Left lung- 2 lobe Apex is near the clavicle(superior portion) Base rest on the diaphgram(inferior portion) Coverings of lungs Pulmonary(visceral) pleura covers the lung surface Respiratory Tree Division: Parietal pleura lines the walls of the thoracic cavity Primary bronchi, Secondary bronchi Pleural fluid fills the area between layers of pleura to allow gliding Tertiary bronchi, Bronchioli, Terminal bronchioli Events of respiration: Pulmonary ventilation- moving air in and out of the lungs External respiration- gas exchange between pulmonary blood and alveoli Respiratory gas transport- transport oxygen and carbon dioxide via the bloodstream Internal respiration- gas exchange between blood and tissues cells in systemic capilliaries
Mechanics of breathing Inspiration- flow of air into the lung Expiration- air leaving lung
Bronchioles- smallest branches of bronchi
Normal breathing 5ooml Resudal volume of air after exhalation- 1200ml Inspiratory reserve volume- amount of air that can be taken in/2100-3200ml Expiratory reserve volume- amount of air that can be exhaled/1200ml Resudual volume- air remaining in lung after expiration/1200ml Functional volume- air that reaches respiratory zone/350ml Respiratory sound: Bronchial sound- produce by air through trachea and bronchi Vesicular breathing sound- soft sound Normal respiratory rate (eupenia) 12-15 Respiratory rate changes throughout life: (PER MINUTE) Newborns 40-80 respiration per minute Infants- 30 Age 5- 25 Adults 12-18 LAB