Page12, GS2, International Relations

Why is this article important?

International Conflicts in News Evolution &

Direct topic of
Relations & a core topic for Changing dynamics
GS2
Geopolitics Prelims of India-Israel
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
Hamas attack on Israel has led to political division within India as well

Evolving Policy of Middle East

• Ever since independence of India, our policy with Middle East Nations has been
evolving and has become more consequential in last 9-10 years.

Five Broad Changes

that Stand Out

De-Linking India’s
Israel-India
Resonance with Transformation of End of Anti-West Regional
Relations Out of
Ground Realities Arab Policy Stance Diplomacy from
Closet
Religion
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
Relations out of Closet

• PM Modi’s brought India’s relationship with Israel out of the closet

and signal full political ownership.

Rajiv Gandhi Ended Atal Bihari Vajpayee

PV Narsimha Rao built
Policy of Distancing with ended reluctance to
full diplomatic relations
Israel Host Israeli PM

• Under UPA Govt, the deepening India-Israel security ties took a

back seat.

Acknowledged
First Indian PM to visit Discarded traditional
Growing Convergence
Israel Inhibitions
of Interests
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
NDA government has sought to align India’s position closer to the realities on the ground.

Arab Countries – Israel Equation

Shared Concern for Israel
• NDA government has come to terms with the fact that several Arab
& Several Arab States
countries have begun to make their peace with Israel without preconditions.
• The violent religious extremism of Hamas and other forces threatens not
New Middle East in
only Israel but also moderate Arab states. partnership with Arabs

• India under NDA maintains solid ties with Palestine Authorities and have followed a de-hyphenated approach.
• The country continues to support a 2 State Solution to the crisis in Israel-Palestine relations.
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
The political focus on India’s current solidarity with Israel masks the extraordinary transformation of Delhi’s ties with the
Arab world in the last decade.

Strategic Partnership with Arab World

Shift in Policy
• Under the NDA, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt have emerged as
important strategic partners and promises to contribute massively to Partnerships with the US,
Israel, and the UAE in the I2U2
economic growth. grouping.

collaborating with the US,

End of Anti-Western Stance Europe, Saudi Arabia, and the
UAE in connectivity project
• The NDA government marked a shift in India's historical anti-Western stance
Condemnation of Hamas
in the Middle East. Terrorism
• Russia, China, & many Global South countries offer a less clear stance.
• India's foreign policy driven by its strategic interests.
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
De-linking of India’s regional diplomacy from religion is the biggest change in India’s Policy

Historical Problem
Pakistan's Quest for Congress attempt to
Muslim Solidarity seek Muslim Vote bank
India at Gain
• Pragmatic pursuit of common interests with the Arab world has produced
many gains for Delhi.
• In the last few years, the framework of religious kinship has yielded little
dividend for Pakistan.

The region demands greater Indian contribution to its stability and prosperity. The Indian political class, in
turn, must build a new national consensus on engaging the region.
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Q Identify correct statements in context of I2U2 which was often seen in News:
1. It was initially formed in October 2021 following Abraham Accords between Israel & UAE and
was called as ‘International Forum for Economic Cooperation’
2. Abraham Accord is a peace deal between Israel, UAE & Bahrain and is mediated by Turkey.
Select the correct answer using codes given below:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: A
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Q. IN the past 10 years, India’s policy on Middle East has become more
consequential. Discuss some important changes pertaining to this with special
reference to India-Israel Relations
15 marks | 250 words
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 Page 12, GS2, Geopolitics | GS3, Economy

Why is this article important?

It is an
International Relations Conflicts in News a interdisciplinary Article
Direct topic of GS2
& Geopolitics core topic for Prelims links Geopolitics &
Economy
IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
Conflict in West Asia impacting
Markets all over the World

Fall in Indian Markets 0.7%

Capital Flight of Rs1000 Crore

from Foreign Portfolio Investors

Rise in Crude Price by 4%

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Q Which of the following can happen in case a conflict breaks out in a particular region:
1. Decline in Prices of most of the Commodities.
2. Capital Flight
3. Depreciation of Currency
4. Rise in Exports
Select the correct answer using codes given below:
a) Only 1 thing can happen
b) Only 2 things can happen
c) Only 3 Things can happen
d) All of the above will happen
Answer: B
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Q. Is geopolitics and Economy interrelated to each other. Analyze with special

reference to recent major geopolitical events that took place in this decade.
10 marks | 150 words
Page15 GS2 International Relations | GS3 Economy

Why is this article important?

International Conflicts in News

Direct topic of Indian Diaspora in
Relations & a core topic for
GS2 Israel
Geopolitics Prelims
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
A caregiver in Israel has a take-home salary of at least Rs 1.25 lakh a month.

Benefits

• Food, accommodation, and health care expenses of the caregivers are free.
• There is extra money for overtime work, and many employees opt to do
that. On Sabbath, from Friday afternoon to Saturday afternoon, caregivers
are entitled to leave as per government norms.
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
Caregivers are free to change their employer after completion of one year. A job seeker with valid VISA can fill
short term vacancies created by Care-givers going home on leave.
IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
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