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Q Which of the following countries do not share their border with Afghanistan:
1. India
2. China
3. Tajikistan
4. Kyrgyzstan
5. Uzbekistan
Select the correct answer using codes given below:
a) 4 and 5 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 1 and 4 only
d) 4 only
Answer: D
 Powerful earthquakes in Afghanistan have killed more than 2,000 people and injured more than 9,000

Why is this article important?

Direct topic Maps in Places in Relevant for

of GS3 News News Prelims
BRIEF HISTORY OF AFGHAN EARTHQUAKES
 ABOUT AFGHAN EARTHQUAKE
Crucial Facts about the Quake

• Magnitude: 6.3 Richter Scale hit Afghanistan’s fourth largest city ‘Herat’
• 2053 people killed, 9240 injured, 1320 houses damaged
• Among world’s deadliest earthquake comparable to Turkey & Syria Earthquake that
killed 50,000 people

• Hypocenter: Location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called
the hypocenter
• Epicenter: Location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter
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California Governor Gavin Newsom vetoed the bill citing
it as unnecessary

Bill was authored by Aisha Wahab – an Afghan

American

According to Gavin, US discrimination laws ban Ancestry

Discrimination which implies prohibition of Caste
Discrimination as well.
 MAINS QUSTION
15 Marks | 250 Words

• Q. Government has usually targeted inflation with a view to ease burden on Consumers
rather producers. Discuss the shortcomings of this approach and suggest measures to
address these shortcomings.
 Why is this article important?

Direct topic Perspective Controlling Pre & Mains

of GS3 on Gov Policy Inflation Relevant
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
Inflation Scenario

• With consumer food prices 9.9% higher year-on-year in August and

overall retail inflation at 6.8% – well above its target of 4% and upper
tolerance limit of 6%
RBI Worried

Moderation in Vegetables Inflation driven

by 2 Main
• annual retail price rise in vegetables was even higher, at 37.4% in July Factors

and 26.1% in August, that figure is likely to moderate significantly

• Tomato: Inflation @ 202.1 % in July and 180.3% in August. Cereals (11.9% Pulses (13%
August) August)
• Current Tomato Prices:
• Rs20/kg | Rs 40 a month ago and Rs 130 two months ago.
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
Issues with Government Policy

• Seeks to favor Consumers more than the Producers. Vegetable Oil

Attention to be
given to
Vegetable Oil Producers
Milk
• Harvesting & Marketing of Soyabean started but it is trading below
MSP of Rs4600 per quintal.
• Example: MP – Soyabean (10-11%) Rs 4500/quintal
• Reason: Demand for both oil and meal is weak | Produce is more |
Record Imports of Edible Oil.

India’s vegetable oil imports are projected to touch an all-time-high of 17

million tonnes (mt) in 2022-23 (November-October), compared with 14.4
mt in the previous marketing year.
IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
 IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS
Milk

• October-March is normally the “flush” season for milk.

Drop in • Last year opposite situation.
Reasons

Temperature

Drop in Humidity Low Price due Underfeeding Reduction of High Milk

to Lockdowns of Animals Herd Size Prices
Improved fodder
& Feed • Dairy Farmers ramped up Production & with the “flush” season taking
off, milk is in surplus now. “There isn’t much buying”.
• Will be worse after festive season.
• Reported spurt in sales of ghee adulterated with vegetable fat.

A 15-kg tin of pure ghee costs around Rs 7,700 today. The same tin containing adulterated ghee is
available at Rs 5,000-5,200.
WAY FORWARD SUGGESTIONS

Balancing the Interest

Political Balance
The surprise attack by Hamas on Israel Saturday (October 7) has brought back memories of the Yom Kippur
war, which started 50 years and a day ago, and reset equations in the Middle East forever.

Israel vs Egypt + Syria in 1973 – often termed as 4th Arab-Israel War

In 1967 six day War – Israel = Invincible | Captured Golan Heights
(Syria) and Sinai Peninsula (Egypt)
In 1973 – attack not expected in Islamic Holy Month of Ramadan
Israel soldiers on leave for Yom Kippur – Day of Atonement
SIGNIFICANCE OF WAR
Similarity
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Machismo: Exaggerated masculinity
Q Which of the following best explains the
central idea of the passage?
a) Practicing self-restraint has serious risks
of being harmed.
b) One should always practice self-restraint
in a heated moment to prevent escalation
of conflict.
c) All People who practice self-restraint in a
tense situation must be honored
d) Use of Self Restraint is a better approach
than turning aggressive in a heated
moment.
Annals: History Answer: D
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