PHILIPPINE PRE-COLONIAL LITERATURE SAYINGS (KASABIHAN)
 LONG BEFORE THE SPANIARS AND THE OTHER
FOREIGNERS LANDED OR SET FOOT ON PHILIPPONE
SHORES, OUR FOREFATHERS ALREADY HAD THEIR OWN
LITERATURE STAMPED IN THE HISTORY OF OUR RACE.
 THE VARIETY AND ABUNDANCE OF PHILIPPINE
LITERATURE EVOLVED EVEN BEFORE THE COLONIAL
PERIODS. FOLK TALES EPICS, POEMS AND ARATHON
CHANTS EXISTED IN MOST ETHNO LIGUISTIC GROUPS
THAT WERE PASSED ON FROM GENERATION TO
GENERATION THROUGH WORD OF MOUTH. TALES
ASSOCIATED WITH THE SPANICH CONSEQUEST ALSO
TOOK PART IN THE COUNTRY’S CULTURAL HERITAGE.
1564 - THE EARLY LITERAY FORMS OF THE PHIL WERE EPICS,
LEGENDS, RIDDLES AND PROVERBS WHICH TOLD AND
RETOLD BY THE NATIVES
- THE LITERATURE OF THE PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINOS
BORE THE MARKS OF THE COMMUNITY
- SOME OF THE LITERARY FORMS HAVE MANAGED
TO SURVIVED WAR AND TROPICAL DISASTERS BECAUSE THEY
RETAINED IN THE COMMON MINDS AND WERE LATER
REDUCED TO PERMANENT FORMS.
BAYBAYIN - MEANS “SPELLING”WHICH EARLY FILIPINOS
WROTE ON BAMBOO OR ON SPECIALLY PREPARED PALM
LEAVED USING KNIVES AND STYLI.
EXAMPLE OF ETHNO-EPICS POPULARIZED BY DIFFERENT
ETHNIC GROUPS IN THE COUNTRY
 BIAGNI LAM-ANG (LIFE OF LAM-ANG) OF THE
ILOCANOS NARRATES THE ADVENTURES OF THE
PRODIGIOUS EPIC HERO, LAM-ANG WHO EXHIBITS
EXTRAORDINARY POWERS AT AN EARLY AGE
 ALIGUON/ HUDHUD OF THE IFUGAOS TELLS OF THE
ADVENTURES OF ALIGUYON
 LABAW DONGGON IS ABOUT THE PASSIONATE
EXPLOITS OF THE SON OF TA GODDESS ALUNSINA, BY A
MORTAL DATU PAUBARI
 THE IABLON OF BIKOL
 THE DARANGAN OF MUSLIM
 THE KUDAMAN OF PALAWAN
 THE ALIM OF THE IFUGAO
 BATUGAN OF THE MARANAO
 MYTH OF BERNARDO CARPIO OF TAGALIG
 THE HINILAWOD OF PANAY
RIDDLES (BUGTONG OR PALAISIPAN)
 MADE UP OF 1 OR MORE MEAUSRED LINES WITH
RHYMES AND CONSIST OF 4 TO 12 SYLLABLES
 SHOWCASE THE FILIPINO WIT, LITERARY TALENT, AND
KEEN OBSERVATION OF THE SURROUNDINGS
PROVERBS OR EPIGRAMS (SALAWIKAIN OR SAWIKAIN)
 SIMPLE AND CONCRETE SAYING, POPULARLY KNOWN
AND REPEATED, THAT EXPRESSES A TRUTH BASED ON
COMMON SENSE OR EXPERIENCE
 EXPRESS NORMS OR CODED OF BEHAVIOR,
COMMUNITY BELIEFS OR THEY INSTILL VALUE BY
OFFERING NUGGETS OF WISDOM IN SHORT, RHYMING
VERSE
 USED IN TEASING OR TO COMMENT ON A PERSONS
ACTUATIONS
CHANTS (BULONG)
 USED IN WITCHCRAFT AND ENCHANTMENTS
 OUR ANCESTORS ALSO BELIEVE IN UNSEEN SPIRITS OR
ELEMENTAL SPIRITS LIKE DWARFS. THEY GIVE RESPECT,
ASK FOR PERMISSION AND EXCUSE OR APOLOGY TO
THESE SPIRITS IN ORDER TO DELIVER THEM FROM
TROUBLE AND DANGER
FOLKSONGS
 A FORMS OF FOLK LYRIC WHICH EXPRESSES THE PPLS
HOPES, ASPIRATIONS AND LIFESTYLES
 TRADITIONAL SONGS AND MELODIES
 INSPIRED BY THE REACTION OF THE PEOPLE TO THEIR
ENVIRONMENT
 UYAYI - LULLABY
 KOMINTANG - WAR SAONG
 KUNDIMAN - MELANCHOLIC LONG SONG
 HARANA - SERENADE
 TAGAY - DRINKING SONG
 MAMBAYU - KALINGA RICE-POUNDING SONG
 SUBLI - DANCE RITUAL SONG OF COURTSHIP OR
MARRIAGE
 TAGULAYLAY - SONG OF THE DEAD
MYTHS
 MYTHOLOGY, BODY OF MYTHS OF A PARTICULAR
CULTURE, AND ALSO THE STUDY AND INTERAPTION OF
MYTH.
 COMPLEX CULTURAL PHENOMENON THAT CAN BE
APPROCHED FROM A NUMBER OF VIEWPOINTS
 NARRATIVE THAT DESCRIBES AND PORTRAYS IN
SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE THE ORIGIN OF THE BASIC
ELEENTS AND ASSUMPTIONS OF A CULTURE
 THE GODS AND GODDESSES (ILOCOS)
 WHY THERE IS A HIGH TIDE DURING A FULL MOON
(IBANAG)
 WHY THE DEAD COME BACK NO MORE (IFUGAO)
 MAG-ASAWANG TUBIG (TAGALOG)
LEGENDS
 DIFFER FROM MYTHS BY PORTRYING A HUMAN SUPER
HERO RATHER THAN ONE WHO IS A GOD
 ORIGINALLY ORALM HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED INTO
LITERARY MASTERPIECES
 STORIES ABOUT REAL PEOPLE WHO ARE FAMOUS FOR
DOING SOMETHING BRAVE OR EXTRAORDINARY
 EVERYTIME THE SOTRY WAS TOLD, IT BECAME MORE
EXAGGERATED AND SO IT IS NOW DIFFICULT TO TELL
HOW MUCH OF THE STORY IS REALLY TRUE.
 PHILIPPINE LITERATURE DURING THE SPANISH
COLONIZATION
 STARTED IN 1565 DURING THE TIME OF MIGUEL LOPEZ
DE LEGAZPI, THE FIRTS SPANISH GOVERNOR-GENERAL
IN THE PHILIPPINES
 LITERATURE STARTED TO FLOURISH DURING HIS TIME
 THE SPANISH LANGUAGE TRADITIONALLY CALLED
CASTILLAN
 THE SPANIARDS COLONIZED THE PHILIPPINES FOR
MORE THAN THREE CENTURIES
SIGNIFICANT FEATURES OF THIS ERA
 THE 1ST FILIPINO ALPHABET CALLED ALIBATA WAS
REPLACED BY THE ROMAN ALPHABET
 CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE BECAME THE BASIS OF
TRELIGIOUS PRACTICES
 SPANISH LANGUAGE BECAME THE LITERAY LANGUAGE
 EUROPEAN LEGENDS AND TRADITIONS BROUGHT HERE
BECAME ASSIMILATED IN OR SONGS, CORRIDOS, AND
MORO-MOROS
 ANCIENT LITERATRE WAS COLLECTED AND TRANSLATED
TO TAGALOG AND OTHER DIALECTS
 MANY GRAMMAER BOOKS WERE PRINTED IN FILIPINO,
LIKE TAGALOG, ILOCANO AND VISAYAN
 OUR PERIODICALS DURING THESE TIMES GAINED A
RELIGIOUS TONE
LITERARY FORMS OF THE PERIOD
 POETRY
 PASYON - GASPAR AQUINO DE BELEN WROTED THE
MAHAL NA PASION NI JESU CRISTO (1704)
 AWIT & CORRIDO - GONZA,O DE CORDOBA & IBONG
ADARNA
 KOMEDYA
 PROSE
 URBANA AT FELISA - FR MODESTO DE CASTRO, FATHER
OF CLASSICAL PROSE IN TAGALOG (1838)
 LAGDA
ANG DOCTRINA CRISTIANA - 1ST BOOK TO BE PRINTED IN THE
OH, A PRAYER BOOK WRITTEN IN SPANISH
ANG BARLAAN AT JOSEPHAT - 1ST TAGALOG NOVEL PRINTED
IN PH & BIBLICAL STORY
THE PASION - BOOF ABOUT THE LIFE & SUFFERING OF JESUS
ANG MGA DALIT KAY MARIA (PSALMS FOR MARY) -
COLLECTION OF SONGS PRAISING THE VIRGIN MARY
NUESTRA SENORA DEL ROSARIO - CONTAINS THE
BIOGRAPHIES OF SAINTS, NOVENAS, & QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS ON RELIGION
LIBRO DE LOS CUATRO POSTPRIMERAS DE HOMBRE - 1ST
WRITTEN BOOK IN TYPOGRAPHY
FILIPINO WORKS DURING SPANISH TIMES
 MI ULTIMO ADIOS, NOLIM EL FILI BY JOSE RIZAL
 DASAL AT TOCSOHAN BY MARCELO H. DEL PILAR
 PAG-IBIG SA TINUBUANG LUOA BY ANDRES B.
 NINANY BY PEDRO PATERNO
 FLORANTE AT LAURA BY FRANCISCO B.
 IBONG ADARNA BY JOSE DELA CRUZ
FOLK SONGS
 LERON LERON SINTA - DEPICTS HUMBLENESS OF A MAN
WHO TRIES TO SHOW WHAT HE GOT TO WIN THE
HEART OF HIS BELOVED ONE
 PAMULINAWEN - SONG ABOUT A MAN COURTING AND
PLEDGING HOS LOVE TO A BEAUTIFUL GIRL
 DANDANSOY - FAREWELL SONG
 ATIN CUPUNGSING-SING - A REQUEST FROM A LADY
WHO LOST HER RING GIVEN BY HER MOTHER. SHE WIL
GAVE HER HEART TO A MAN WHO CAN FIND THE
BELOVED RING
RECREATINAL PLAYS
 CENACULO - DAMTIC PERFORMANCE OF THE PASSION
AND DEATH OF CHRIST
 LAGAYLAY - SPECIAL OCCASION FOR THE PULARENOS
OF SORSOGONS
 ZARZUELA - FATHER OF DRAMA, MUSICAL COMEDY OR
MELODRAMA
 TIBAG - DRAMATIC PERFORMANCE OF MANIFESTING
DEVOTION FOR THE HOLY CROSS
 PANULUYAN - PH CHRISTMAS DRAMATIC RITUAL
 SALUBONG - DRAMATIZES THE REUNION OF THE RISEN
CHRIST AND HIS MOTHER
 CARILLO - DRAMATIC ENTERTAINMENT PERFORM ON A
MOONLESS NIGHT
 SAINETE - SHORT MUSICAL COMEDY
 THE MORO- MORO -PRESENTED IN SPECIAL STAHE IKE
CENACULO
 KARAGATAN - POETIC VEHICLE OF A SOCIO-RELIGIOUS
NATURE
 DUPLO - REPLACED THE KARAGATAN
 BALAGTASAN - POETIC JOUST/ COMTEST OF SKILLS IN
DEBATE
 THE DUNG-AW -CHANT IN FREE VERSE BY A BEREAVED
PERSON
 PHILIPPINE LITERATURE DURING THE AMERICAN
COLONIZATION
 FILIPINO REVOLUTIONARIES DEFEATED SPANIARD
AFTER 300 YEARS
 PH FLAG RAISED ON JUNE 12, 1898 LED BY GEN. EMILIO
AGUINALDO
 GEN. MIGUEL MALAVAR WAS DEFEATED IN THE FIL-AM
CONFLICT (1903)
 PEACE MOVEMENTS HAVE BEEN GOING ON SINCE
(1900)

AMERICAN INFLUENCES
 SCHOOL
 NEW EDUCATION SYSTEM
 CLEANLINESS & HYGIENE
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE
 POLITICS
 FREEDOM OF SPEECH

THEMES OF LITERATURE
 DESIRE FOR FREEDOM
 LOVE OF COUNTRY
 FIGHT AGAINST COLONIALISM AND IMPERIALISM

CHARACTERISTICS OF LITERATURE
 FREEDOM OF SPEECH
 NATIONALISH
 EXPERIENCE
 SEARCH AND USE OF A NEW MEDIUM
