‫ عزالدين محمد‬/ ‫االسم‬

‫ الثالثة البان عربي‬/ ‫الفرقة‬

PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction. It is a laboratory technique used to amplify a
specific segment of DNA or RNA. PCR allows scientists to make multiple copies of a DNA or
RNA sequence, which can then be analyzed or used in various applications such as genetic
.testing, disease diagnosis, forensic analysis, and research

The PCR process involves several steps, including denaturation, annealing, and extension.
During denaturation, the DNA or RNA template is heated to separate the double-stranded
DNA into single strands. In the annealing step, short DNA primers bind to the complementary
sequences on the template DNA. Finally, in the extension step, a DNA polymerase enzyme
synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the primers, resulting in the
.amplification of the target DNA sequence

PCR has revolutionized molecular biology and has become an essential tool in many areas of
scientific research and medical diagnostics. It has enabled the detection and analysis of
genetic variations, identification of infectious agents, and the study of gene expression and
.regulation

In summary, PCR is a laboratory technique used to amplify specific DNA or RNA sequences, **
**.allowing for their analysis and use in various applications