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Comptia a+ book pdf 2019 free download

Last updated May 13, 2023 CompTIA A+ Complete Study Guide: Exam Core 1 220-1001 and Exam Core 2 220-1002 5th edition by Quentin Docter (Author), Jon Buhagiar (Author2) PDF Free download ebook [update: 10.2022] Fully updated for the A+ 220-1101 and 220-1102 Exam objectives; includes access to interactive online learning environment
plus 8 practice exams, 500 flashcards, searchable glossary, and ebooks of study guide plus 28 online practice lab modules. CompTIA A+ Complete Study Guide Exam Core 1 220-1001 and Exam Core 2 220-1002 ASIN ​ : ​ B09VYL9MWF Publisher ​ : ​ Sybex; 5th edition (March 17, 2022) Publication date ​ : ​ March 17, 2022 Language ​ : ​ English Pages:
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We're providing resources to scholars, improving our systems, and fighting to create a fair and responsible digital future for everybody—all while powered by online donations averaging about $14. We'd be deeply grateful if you'd join the one in a thousand users that support us financially. We understand that not everyone can donate right now, but if
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eBook conversion by codeMantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations
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meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill Education nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill Education has no responsibility for the content of any
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To my parents, Drs. Kenneth and Eileen Reamy. Thank you for gifting the love of words. ABOUT THE SERIES EDITOR Michael Meyers is the industry’s leading authority on CompTIA Network+ certification. He is the president and founder of Total Seminars, LLC, a member of CompTIA, and a major provider of IT fundamentals, PC and network repair,
and computer security training and training materials for thousands of organizations throughout the world. Mike has written numerous popular textbooks, including the best-selling Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+™ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs, Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+™ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, and
Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Security+™ Certification Guide. Mike has attained numerous industry certifications, including CompTIA A+, CompTIA Network+, CompTIA Security+, CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+), and Microsoft Certified Professional. About the Author Scott Jernigan wields a mighty red pen as Editor in Chief for Total Seminars.
With a Master of Arts degree in Medieval History, Scott feels as much at home in the musty archives of London as he does in the crisp IPS glow of Total Seminars’ Houston HQ. After fleeing a purely academic life, he dove headfirst into IT, working as an instructor, editor, and writer. Scott has written, edited, and contributed to dozens of books on
computer literacy, hardware, operating systems, networking, security, and certification, including Computer Literacy—Your Ticket to IC3 Certification, and co-authoring with Mike Meyers the Comp-TIA IT Fundamentals+™ All-in-One Exam Guide and Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Security+™ Certification Guide. Scott has taught computer classes all over
the United States, including stints at the United Nations in New York and the FBI Academy in Quantico. Practicing what he preaches, Scott is a CompTIA ITF+, CompTIA A+, CompTIA Network+, and CompTIA Security+ certified technician, a Microsoft Certified Professional, a Microsoft Office User Specialist, and Certiport Internet and Computing
Core Certified. About the Technical Editor Jonathan S. Weissman is a senior lecturer (Department of Computing Security) at Rochester Institute of Technology, where he was awarded the RIT Outstanding Teaching Award in 2014, the RIT GCCIS Outstanding Educator Award in 2018, and the RIT Distinguished Teacher Recognition Program Honors in
2019. Jonathan teaches three courses that he developed for the edX RITx Cybersecurity MicroMasters program to more than 300,000 students worldwide. Jonathan is also a tenured associate professor and the Networking and Cybersecurity program coordinator (Department of Computing Sciences) at Finger Lakes Community College, where he was
awarded the State University of New York Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Teaching in 2021.
Jonathan has a master’s degree in Computer Science from Brooklyn College and holds 44 industry certifications, including CCNP Enterprise, Cisco Certified Specialist – Enterprise Core, Cisco Certified Specialist – Enterprise Advanced Infrastructure Implementation, CCNA Security, CCNA, CompTIA Security+, CompTIA Network+, CompTIA A+,
CompTIA Linux+, CompTIA Server+, EC-Council Certified Ethical Hacker™, EC-Council Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator™, and IPv6 Forum Certified Network Engineer (Gold), among many others. Jonathan is the coauthor of Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+™ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks Lab Manual (fifth and sixth
editions) and Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+™ Certification Passport (sixth and seventh editions).

Page 1 Copyright © 2022 by McGraw Hill. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher, with the exception that the
program listings may be entered, stored, and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication.

eBook conversion by codeMantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations
appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. Information has been obtained by
McGraw Hill from sources believed to be reliable. However, because of the possibility of human or mechanical error by our sources, McGraw Hill, or others, McGraw Hill does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or the results obtained from the use of such
information. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer,
reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill Education’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be
terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL EDUCATION AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN
BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee
that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free.
Neither McGraw-Hill Education nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill Education has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill
Education and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. To my parents, Drs. Kenneth and Eileen Reamy. Thank you for gifting the love of words. ABOUT THE SERIES EDITOR Michael Meyers is the industry’s leading authority on CompTIA Network+ certification. He is
the president and founder of Total Seminars, LLC, a member of CompTIA, and a major provider of IT fundamentals, PC and network repair, and computer security training and training materials for thousands of organizations throughout the world. Mike has written numerous popular textbooks, including the best-selling Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+™
Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs, Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+™ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, and Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Security+™ Certification Guide. Mike has attained numerous industry certifications, including CompTIA A+, CompTIA Network+, CompTIA Security+, CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst
(CySA+), and Microsoft Certified Professional. About the Author Scott Jernigan wields a mighty red pen as Editor in Chief for Total Seminars. With a Master of Arts degree in Medieval History, Scott feels as much at home in the musty archives of London as he does in the crisp IPS glow of Total Seminars’ Houston HQ.
After fleeing a purely academic life, he dove headfirst into IT, working as an instructor, editor, and writer. Scott has written, edited, and contributed to dozens of books on computer literacy, hardware, operating systems, networking, security, and certification, including Computer Literacy—Your Ticket to IC3 Certification, and co-authoring with Mike
Meyers the Comp-TIA IT Fundamentals+™ All-in-One Exam Guide and Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Security+™ Certification Guide. Scott has taught computer classes all over the United States, including stints at the United Nations in New York and the FBI Academy in Quantico. Practicing what he preaches, Scott is a CompTIA ITF+, CompTIA A+,
CompTIA Network+, and CompTIA Security+ certified technician, a Microsoft Certified Professional, a Microsoft Office User Specialist, and Certiport Internet and Computing Core Certified. About the Technical Editor Jonathan S.
Weissman is a senior lecturer (Department of Computing Security) at Rochester Institute of Technology, where he was awarded the RIT Outstanding Teaching Award in 2014, the RIT GCCIS Outstanding Educator Award in 2018, and the RIT Distinguished Teacher Recognition Program Honors in 2019. Jonathan teaches three courses that he
developed for the edX RITx Cybersecurity MicroMasters program to more than 300,000 students worldwide. Jonathan is also a tenured associate professor and the Networking and Cybersecurity program coordinator (Department of Computing Sciences) at Finger Lakes Community College, where he was awarded the State University of New York
Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Teaching in 2021. Jonathan has a master’s degree in Computer Science from Brooklyn College and holds 44 industry certifications, including CCNP Enterprise, Cisco Certified Specialist – Enterprise Core, Cisco Certified Specialist – Enterprise Advanced Infrastructure Implementation, CCNA Security, CCNA,
CompTIA Security+, CompTIA Network+, CompTIA A+, CompTIA Linux+, CompTIA Server+, EC-Council Certified Ethical Hacker™, EC-Council Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator™, and IPv6 Forum Certified Network Engineer (Gold), among many others.
Jonathan is the coauthor of Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+™ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks Lab Manual (fifth and sixth editions) and Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+™ Certification Passport (sixth and seventh editions). He also serves as technical editor for many industry textbooks. Follow Jonathan on LinkedIn at
www.linkedin.com/in/jonathan-s- weissman-058b649b, Twitter at and Instagram at www.instagram.com/cscprof. Subscribe to his YouTube channel at . CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Chapter 1 Network Models Chapter 2 Cabling and Topology Chapter 3 Ethernet Basics Chapter 4 Ethernet Standards Chapter 5 Installing a Physical Network Chapter 6
TCP/IP Basics Chapter 7 Routing Chapter 8 TCP/IP Applications Chapter 9 Network Naming Chapter 10 Securing TCP/IP Chapter 11 Switch Features Chapter 12 IPv6 Chapter 13 WAN Connectivity Chapter 14 Wireless Networking Chapter 15 Virtualization and Cloud Computing Chapter 16 Data Centers Chapter 17 Integrating Network Devices
Chapter 18 Network Operations Chapter 19 Protecting Your Network Chapter 20 Network Monitoring Chapter 21 Network Troubleshooting Appendix A Exam Objective Map Appendix B Create Your Study Plan Appendix C About the Online Content Glossary Index CONTENTS Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1 Network Models
Historical/Conceptual Working with Models Biography of a Model Network Models The OSI Seven-Layer Model on a Simple Network Welcome to MHTechEd! Test Specific Let’s Get Physical—Network Hardware and Layers 1– 2 Beyond the Single Wire—Network Software and Layers 3–7 The OSI Seven-Layer Model and Remote Work Chapter Review
Questions Answers Chapter 2 Cabling and Topology Test Specific Network Topologies Bus and Ring Star Hybrid Mesh Parameters of a Topology Cabling and Connectors Copper Cabling and Connectors Fiber-Optic Cabling and Connectors Fire Ratings Networking Industry Standards—IEEE Chapter Review Questions Answers Chapter 3 Ethernet
Basics Historical/Conceptual Ethernet 802.3 Standards Test Specific Ethernet Frames Early Ethernet Standards Bus Ethernet 10BASE-T 10BASE-FL CSMA/CD Enhancing and Extending Ethernet Networks The Trouble with Hubs Switches to the Rescue Connecting Ethernet Segments Troubleshooting Switches Chapter Review Questions Answers
Chapter 4 Ethernet Standards Test Specific 100-Megabit Ethernet 100BASE-T 100BASE-FX 100BASE-SX Full-Duplex Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet 1000BASE-SX 1000BASE-LX SFF Fiber Connectors Mechanical Connection Variations Implementing Multiple Types of Gigabit Ethernet Ethernet Evolutions 10 Gigabit Ethernet Chapter Review Questions
Answers Chapter 5 Installing a Physical Network Historical/Conceptual Understanding Structured Cabling Cable Basics—A Star Is Born Test Specific Structured Cable—Network Components Structured Cable—Beyond the Star Installing Structured Cabling Getting a Floor Plan Mapping the Runs Determining the Location of the Telecommunications
Room Pulling Cable Making Connections Testing the Cable Runs NICs Buying NICs Link Lights Diagnostics and Repair of Physical Cabling Diagnosing Physical Problems Check Your Lights Check the NIC Cable Testing Problems in the Telecommunications Room Toners Chapter Review Questions Answers Chapter 6 TCP/IP Basics
Historical/Conceptual Test Specific The TCP/IP Protocol Suite Network Layer Protocols Transport Layer Protocols Application Layer Protocols IP and Ethernet IP Addresses IP Addresses in Action Class IDs CIDR and Subnetting Subnetting CIDR: Key Takeaways IP Address Assignment Static IP Addressing Dynamic IP Addressing Special IP Addresses
Chapter Review Questions Answers Chapter 7 Routing Historical/Conceptual How Routers Work Test Specific Routing Tables Freedom from Layer 2 Network Address Translation Dynamic Routing Routing Metrics Distance Vector and Path Vector Link State EIGRP Dynamic Routing Makes the Internet Route Redistribution and Administrative Distance
Working with Routers Connecting to Routers Basic Router Configuration Router Problems Chapter Review Questions Answers Chapter 8 TCP/IP Applications Historical/Conceptual Transport Layer and Network Layer Protocols How People Communicate Test Specific TCP UDP ICMP IGMP The Power of Port Numbers Registered Ports Connection
Status Rules for Determining Good vs. Bad Communications Common TCP/IP Applications Telnet and SSH Page 2 Page 1 CompTIA® Network+® Practice Tests Exam N10- 008 Second Edition Craig Zacker Copyright © 2022 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. ISBN: 978- 1- 119- 80730- 8 ISBN: 978- 1- 119- 80732- 2 (ebk.) ISBN: 978- 1- 119- 80731- 5 (ebk.) No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per- copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers,
MA 01923, (978) 750- 8400, fax (978) 750- 4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748- 6011, fax (201) 748- 6008, or online at . Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher
and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials.
The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought.
Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may
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outside the United States at (317) 572- 3993 or fax (317) 572- 4002. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic formats. For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.wiley.com. Library of Congress Control Number: 2021945402
TRADEMARKS: Wiley, the Wiley logo, and the Sybex logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. CompTIA and Network+ are trademarks or registered trademarks of The Computing Technology Industry
Association, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Cover Image: © Jeremy Woodhouse/Getty Images, Inc. Cover Design: Wiley About the Author Craig Zacker is the author or co- author of dozens of books, manuals, articles, and
websites on computer and networking topics. He has also been an English professor, a technical and copy editor, a network administrator, a webmaster, a corporate trainer, a technical support engineer, a minicomputer operator, a literature and philosophy student, a library clerk, a photographic darkroom technician, a shipping clerk, and a
newspaper boy. About the Technical Editor George “Buzz” Murphy, CISSP, SSCP, CASP, is a public speaker, corporate trainer, author, and cybersecurity evangelist who has instructed thousands of cybersecurity professionals around the world over the past 25 years with courses, seminars, and consulting presenta- tions on a variety of technical and
cybersecurity topics. A former Dell technology training executive, he has addressed audiences at Comdex, Networld, and the National Computer Conference as well as major corporations and educational institutions such as Princeton Uni- versity. Buzz has earned more than 29 IT and cybersecurity certifications from such presti- gious organizations
as ISC2, CompTIA, PMI, and Microsoft, and other industry certification organizations. He is an ISC2 Authorized Instructor and recently served as technical editor for the ISC2 CCFP - Certified Cyber Forensics Professional Certification Guide (McGraw- Hill, 2014). During the past year, he served as technical editor on five cybersecurity textbooks for
both McGraw Hill Education as well as Sybex, an imprint of Wiley and Sons, which includes technical editor for the recent publication CASP+: CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner Study Guide by Jeff T. Parker and Michael Gregg (Sybex, 2019). Having held a top- secret security clearance in both U.S. and NATO intelligence, he has trained
network and cybersecurity operators for the U.S. Army, various U.S. government security agencies, and foreign military personnel across CONUS and EMEA, and has been involved with facilitating such course subjects as Critical Site Nuclear EMP Hardening, International Cryptographic Methodology, and Computer Forensic Sciences, as well as
cybersecurity topics.
Buzz can be reached at [email protected]. Contents at a Glance Introduction xi Chapter 1 Networking Fundamentals 1 Chapter 2 Network Implementations 69 Chapter 3 Network Operations 111 Chapter 4 Network Security 147 Chapter 5 Network Troubleshooting 191 Chapter 6 Practice Exam 1 255 Chapter 7 Practice Exam 2 283 Appendix Answers
to Review Questions 311 Index 477 Contents Introduction xi Chapter 1 Networking Fundamentals 1 Chapter 2 Network Implementations 69 Chapter 3 Network Operations 111 Chapter 4 Network Security 147 Chapter 5 Network Troubleshooting 191 Chapter 6 Practice Exam 1 255 Chapter 7 Practice Exam 2 283 Appendix Answers to Review
Questions 311 Chapter 1: Networking Fundamentals 312 Chapter 2: Network Implementations 346 Chapter 3: Network Operations 371 Chapter 4: Network Security 391 Chapter 5: Network Troubleshooting 418 Chapter 6: Practice Exam 1 448 Chapter 7: Practice Exam 2 462 Index 477 Introduction Welcome to CompTIA® Network+® Practice
Tests: Exam N10- 008. This book gives you a focused, timesaving way to review your networking knowledge and prepare to pass the Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA) Network+ exam. The book com- bines realistic exam prep questions with detailed answers and two complete practice tests to help you become familiar with the
types of questions that you will encounter on the Net- work+ exam. By reviewing the objectives and sample questions, you can focus on the specific skills that you need to improve before taking the exam. How This Book Is Organized The first five chapters of this book are based on the five objective domains published by CompTIA for the N10- 008
Network+ exam. There are approximately 200 questions for each objective domain, covering each of the suggested topics. The next two chapters each contain a 100- question practice test covering all of the objective domains. Once you have prepared for each of the objective domains individually, you can take the practice tests to see how you will
perform on the actual exam.
Objective Map The following table gives you the extent, by percentage, that each domain is represented on the actual examination, and where you can find questions in this book that are related to each objective. Objective Percentage of Exam Chapter 1.0 Networking Fundamentals 24% 1 2.0 Network Implementations 19% 2 3.0 Network Operations
16% 3 4.0 Network Security 19% 4 5.0 Network Troubleshooting 22% 5 xii Introduction Who Should Read This Book CompTIA recommends, but does not require, that candidates for the Network+ exam meet the following prerequisites: ■ ■ CompTIA A+ certification or equivalent knowledge ■ ■ At least 9 to 12 months of work experience in IT
networking CompTIA’s certification program relies on exams that measure your ability to per- form a specific job function or set of tasks.
CompTIA develops the exams by analyzing the tasks performed by people who are currently working in the field. Therefore, the specific knowledge, skills, and abilities relating to the job are reflected in the certification exam. Because the certification exams are based on real- world tasks, you need to gain hands- on experience with the applicable
technology in order to master the exam. In a sense, you might consider hands- on experience in an organizational environment to be a prerequisite for passing the Network+ exam. Many of the questions relate directly to specific network prod- ucts or technologies, so use opportunities at your school or workplace to practice using the relevant tools.
Candidates for the exam are also expected to have a basic understanding of enterprise technologies, including cloud and virtualization. How To Use This Book Although you can use this book in a number of ways, you might begin your studies by tak- ing one of the practice exams as a pretest. After completing the exam, review your results for each
Objective Domain and focus your studies first on the Objective Domains for which you received the lowest scores. As this book contains only practice questions and answers, the best method to prepare for the Network+ exam is to use this book along with a companion book that provides more extensive explanations for the elements covered in each
objective domain.
Todd Lammle’s CompTIA® Network+® Study Guide: Exam N10- 008 provides complete coverage of all the technology you need to know for the exam. After you have taken your pretest, you can use the chapters for the objective domains in which you need work to test your detailed knowledge and learn more about the technologies involved. By
reviewing why the answers are correct or incorrect, you can determine if you need to study the objective topics more. What’s Next The next step is to review the objective domains for the Network+ N10- 008 exam and think about which topics you need to work on most. Then, you can turn to the appropriate chapter and get started. Good luck on the
exam. Networking Fundamentals THE COMPTIA NETWORK+ EXAM N10- 008 TOPICS COVERED IN THIS CHAPTER INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: ✓ ✓ 1.1 Compare and contrast the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model layers and encapsulation concepts.
✓ ■ OSI model ✓ ■ Layer 1 – Physical ✓ ■ Layer 2 – Data link ✓ ■ Layer 3 – Network ✓ ■ Layer 4 – Transport ✓ ■ Layer 5 – Session ✓ ■ Layer 6 – Presentation ✓ ■ Layer 7 – Application ✓ ■ Data encapsulation and decapsulation within the OSI model context ✓ ■ Ethernet header ✓ ■ Internet Protocol (IP) header ✓ ■ Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP)/ User Datagram Protocol (UDP) headers ✓ ■ TCP flags ✓ ■ Payload ✓ ■ Maximum transmission unit (MTU) ✓ ✓ 1.2 Explain the characteristics of network topologies and network types. ✓ ■ Mesh ✓ ■ Star/hub- and- spoke ✓ ■ Bus ✓ ■ Ring Chapter 1 Page 2 Mike Meyers’ ® CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs
Fourth Edition (Exams 220-801 & 220-802) Page 3 This page intentionally left blank Page 4 Mike Meyers’ ® CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs Fourth Edition (Exams 220-801 & 220-802) Mike Meyers New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney
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May 09, 2001 1:06:13 PM Page 7 BaseTech / Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs, Fourth Edition / Meyers / 591-X / Front Matter ■■About the Author Mike Meyers, lovingly called the “AlphaGeek” by those who know him, is the industry’s leading authority on CompTIA A+ certification. He is the president and co-
founder of Total Seminars, LLC, a provider of PC and network repair seminars, books, videos, and courseware for thousands of organizations throughout the world. Mike has been involved in the com- puter and network repair industry since 1977 as a technician, instructor, author, consultant, and speaker. Author of numerous popular PC books and
videos, including the best- selling CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide, Mike is also the series editor for the highly successful Mike Meyers’ Certification Passport series, the Mike Meyers’ Computer Skills series, and the Mike Meyers’ Guide to series, all published by McGraw-Hill. As well as writing, Mike has personally taught (and
continues to teach) thousands of students, including U.S. senators, U.S. Supreme Court justices, the United Nations, every branch of the U.S. Armed Forces, most branches of the Department of Justice, hundreds of corporate clients, academic stu- dents at every level, prisoners, and pensioners. E-mail: [email protected] Facebook: Mike Meyers
(Houston, TX) Twitter/Skype/most instant messaging clients: desweds Web forums: www.totalsem.com/forums About the Editor in Chief Scott Jernigan wields a mighty red pen as Editor in Chief for Total Semi- nars. With a Master of Arts degree in Medieval History, Scott feels as much at home in the musty archives of London as he does in the warm
CRT glow of Total Seminars’ Houston headquarters. After fleeing a purely academic life, he dove headfirst into IT, working as an instructor, editor, and writer. Scott has written, edited, and contributed to dozens of books on com- puter literacy, hardware, operating systems, networking, and certification, including Computer L iteracy—Your Ticket to
IC3 Certification, and co-author- ing with Mike Meyers the All-in-One CompTIA Strata® IT Fundamentals Exam Guide. Scott has taught computer classes all over the United States, includ- ing stints at the United Nations in New York and the FBI Academy in Q uantico. Practicing what he preaches, Scott is a CompTIA A+ and Comp- TIA Network+
certified technician, a Microsoft Certified Professional, a M icrosoft Office User Specialist, and Certiport Internet and Computing Core Certified.
About the Technical Editor Chris Crayton (CompTIA A+, CompTIA Network+, MCSE) is an author, editor, technical consultant, and trainer. Mr. Crayton has worked as a com- puter and networking instructor at Keiser University, as network admin- istrator for Protocol, an eCRM company, and as a computer and network Page 8 / Mike Meyers’
CompTIA Network+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition / Meyers / 911-1 / Front Matter specialist at Eastman Kodak. Mr. Crayton has authored several print and online books on PC Repair, CompTIA A+, CompTIA Security+, and Micro- soft Windows. Mr. Crayton has served as technical editor on numerous professional
technical titles for leading publishing companies, including the CompTIA A+ All-in-One Exam Guide, the CompTIA A+ Certification Study Guide, and the Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ Certification Passport. Peer Reviewers Thank you to the reviewers, past and present, who contributed insight- ful reviews, criticisms, and helpful suggestions that continue
to shape this textbook. Donat Forrest Winston Maddox Broward County Community Mercer County Community College College West Windsor, NJ Pembroke Pines, FL Rajiv Malkan Brian Ives Montgomery College Finger Lakes Community College Conroe, Texas Canadaigua, NY Scott Sweitzer Farbod Karimi Indiana Business College Heald College
Indianapolis, IN San Francisco, CA Randall Stratton Tamie Knaebel DeVry University Jefferson Community College Irving, TX Louisville, KY Thomas Trevethan Keith Lyons CPI College of Technology Cuyahoga Community College Virginia Beach, VA Parma, OH Page 9 BaseTech / Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting
PCs, Fourth Edition / Meyers / 591-X / Front Matter ■■Acknowledgments ■■ To the delightful Ms. D. Our short Scott Jernigan, my Editor in Chief at Total Seminars and boon companion on many an evening, worked his usual magic again pulling together this lat- time together has been est edition. My thanks, amigo! both amazing and My
acquisitions editor, Tim Green, and his trusty assistant, Stephanie enlightening. Given the Evans, had this book schedule dialed in from day one and never let up. I mean, never let up.
Better still, they browbeat me into working with their choice, I greatly prefer incessantly chirpy voices. I long for the mean Tim of old who just yelled the red hair. at me. Chris Crayton, my technical editor, did a great job once again. Thank —Mike Meyers you for helping make this book happen. Aaron Verber stepped up in a big way for this edition,
with stellar edit- ing, writing, and research. You did a great job with every chapter thrown at you (and managed to pull together the lab manual at the same time). Let’s do this again! Michael Smyer devoted his superb skills in photography and tech to making this book the best edition ever. He kept me on my toes on the tech and helped greatly with
the research. Excellent work, Michael. Ford Pierson, my in-house editor and illustrator, worked very hard to upgrade the line art in this book, including turning man in the box into Mini Me, a touch that displays his wit, cleverness, and complete lack of fear. Great job, Ford. Scott Strubberg, Doug Jones, and Dave Rush, instructors at Total Semi- nars,
were my sounding boards and research partners for this book, helping me turn the complicated into the understandable on many subjects. Thank you all very much! On the McGraw-Hill side, the crew once again demonstrated why McGraw-Hill is the best in show as a publisher. With excellent work and even better attitude, this book came together
smoothly.
Molly Sharp, my project manager, went from putting together the lat- est editions of my CompTIA Network+ books to working with me on the CompTIA A+ books, which proved at least one thing: she’s a glutton for punishment, keeping everything on track through two huge projects in a row, with me and my staff doing our best to add chaos. The
simple joy of working with you, Molly, means I’m already looking forward to the next project with you! My editorial supervisor, Jody McKenzie, once again helped me stay focused on all the pieces, with a gentle nudge or a quiet jab when I would forget some essential piece. It was wonderful to work with you again. To the copy editor, page proofer,
layout folks, and indexer—Bill McManus, Paul Tyler, Dina Quan, Tom Sharp, and Jack Lewis—superb work in every facet. Thank you for being the best. vii Page 10 / Mike Meyers’ CompTIA Network+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks, Third Edition / Meyers / 911-1 / fm blind folio ix Abou T ThIs book ■ Important Technology skills
Information technology (IT) offers many career paths, need certain basic computer skills. Mike Meyers’ leading to occupations in such fields as PC repair, CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting network administration, telecommunications, Web PCs builds a foundation for success in the IT field by development, graphic design, and
desktop support. introducing you to fundamental technology concepts To become competent in any IT field, however, you and giving you essential computer skills.
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interesting way using real-world examples. Proven Learning Method Keeps You on Track Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting PCs is structured to give you comprehensive knowledge of computer skills and technologies. The textbook’s active learning methodology guides you beyond mere recall and, through thought-
provoking activities, labs, and sidebars, helps you develop critical-thinking, diagnostic, and communication skills.

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