PS W5 MAP - VOCABULARY

I. CẤU TRÚC CHỈ VỊ TRÍ

1) CHỈ HƯỚNG

- Nên vẽ vào đề để áp theo mà nói, tốt nhất luôn miêu tả theo hướng kiểu này
- Đặc biệt cần chỉ rõ Northeast, Southwest
- Đi với giới từ In hoặc To. Ví dụ:

The forest to the south of the river was cut down.

A golf course was constructed to the north of the airport.

The houses in the south-west of the town were demolished.

The green fields to the north-west of the city were redeveloped as a park.

2) CÁCH DIỄN ĐẠT KHÁC

1
Kết hợp cùng với các động từ: to be situated/ located/positioned hoặc to lie

2
Ví dụ:

The company is located to the south of the river. (bị động)

The university is situated in the centre of the city. (bị động)

At the center of the village lies a parking lot (chủ động)

II. CẤU TRÚC CHỈ SỰ THAY ĐỔI

LOẠI CẤU TRÚC VÍ DỤ
GIỮ NGUYÊN Dùng động từ: • From 1980 to 2000, the
• remain unchanged/still exist/stay intact school remained unchanged.
• remain untouched (thường dùng cho mấy cái • From 1980 to 2000, the
thiên nhiên cây cỏ) school still existed
• From 1980 to 2000, the
Dùng danh từ: school stayed intact.
• There was no change happening to…
• There was no change in…
• A experienced no change throughout the years
MỞ RỘNG Dùng động từ: • From 1980 to 2000, the
• To be enlarged/ expanded/ extended school was enlarged
• From 1980 to 2000, the
Dùng danh từ: Witnessed an expansion in size school witnessed an
expansion in size

THU HẸP Dùng động từ:

• To be narrowed in size/ shrunk in size/ reduced
in size/ diminished substantially in size
DỞ BỎ Dùng động từ: • The school was demolished
[Nơi cũ] + To be Demolished/ knocked down/ pulled to make way for a new
down/ removed/ torn down + to make way for / and science block.
to be replaced by + [nơi mới] • The school was demolished
and replaced by a new
Dùng danh từ: science block.
• There was a demolition of…
• the disappearance of
• the removal of

XÂY MỚI Dùng động từ: • There was a construction of

[Nơi mới] + To be built/ constructed/ erected + to a new school next to the car
replace + [nơi cũ] park
• A new science block was built
On the original site of + [nơi cũ] to replace the school.
• A new science block was built
Dùng danh từ: on the original site of the
• There was a construction/building of…. school.

3
 BIẾN THÀNH 1 Dùng động từ: • The industrial area was
CÁI KHÁC • To be converted/ made into/ modernized / converted into a hospital
renovated • 2005 witnessed the
conversion of the industrial
Dùng danh từ: area into the hospital
• The renovation took place • The local government had
• There was a renovation of….. the sports facilities
• the conversion of….into…. renovated and the small park
• the replacement of was made into a children’s
playground

III. CÁC ĐỐI TƯỢNG THƯỜNG GẶP TRONG MAP

ĐỐI TƯỢNG DIỄN ĐẠT TIẾNG ANH NGHĨA VÍ DỤ
To be cut down/chopped down Bị chặt hạ The forest was cut down and replaced
with a shopping centre.
To be cleared Bị xóa sổ để chừa
TREES/FORESTS
To be removed … (to make way chỗ cho… The trees were cleared to make way for
for) houses.
To be planted Được trồng
To be constructed/ Được xây mới The main road was extended and a new
built/erected bridge was built over the river.
Extended/ expanded/ widened Được mở rộng
BRIDGE, PORT,
ROAD, RAILWAY,
reopened Được mở lại
ETC.
Run through/ pass through/ go Chạy xuyên (dùng The main road runs through the entire
through/ cross cho đường sá) city from North to South.

To be opened up/set up/ Được xây dựng A skate park was set up next to the
AMENITITES established swimming pool.
To be developed/ expanded Được mở rộng A park was developed beside the forest
To be built/ constructed/ Được xây mới The power plant was constructed to the
erected east of the mine

To spring up A hotel sprang up on the original site of

the old school
To be renovated/ Được xây lại The university library was completely
reconstructed/ modernized renovated
To be converted/ transformed Được biến đổi The playground was converted into a
(into something) thành large car park
BUILDINGS
To be replaced by something Được thay thế They removed the shops and replaced it
bằng with a skyscraper.
To be relocated to somewhere Được di dời tới… The student hall was relocated to the east
else of the library
To be expanded/ extended Được mở rộng The hotel was greatly extended to a total
of 70 rooms
To be demolished/ knocked Bị dở bỏ The government demolished the
down/ flattened industrial estate and developed a sports
ground

4
• Nhà tách biệt ko dính liền nhau: Single dwellings = detached houses = individual houses
• Nhà chung vách: terrace house
• A block of flats
• a row of houses = housing estate : 1 dãy nhà