Content - Supplementary Materials

CONTENTS
A. WRITING ........................................................................................................... 4
UNIT 1. WRITING FOR AND AGAINST ESSAYS ............................................ 5
I. WRITING A “FOR AND AGAINST” ESSAY................................................... 5
II. ACTIVITY 1 ....................................................................................................... 6
III. ACTIVITY 2...................................................................................................... 7
IV. ACTIVITY 3 ..................................................................................................... 9
V. ACTIVITY 4 .................................................................................................... 10
VI. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ..................................................................................... 12
VII. RUBRICS ....................................................................................................... 14
UNIT 2. WRITING OPINION ESSAYS ............................................................. 15
I. WRITING AN OPINION ESSAY ................................................................ 15
II. ACTIVITY 1 ................................................................................................. 16
III. ACTIVITY 2 .............................................................................................. 17
IV. ACTIVITY 3 (LINKING WORD/PHRASES).......................................... 18
V. ACTIVITY 4 CONSTRUCTING A BODY PARAGRAPH ........................ 19
VI. ACTIVITY 5 OUTLINING YOUR ESSAY ............................................. 20
VII. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ............................................................................... 23
VIII. RUBRICS .................................................................................................... 25
UNIT 3. AN INTRODUCTION TO IELTS WRITING TASK 1 ........................ 26
DESCRIBING CHARTS AND GRAPHS ............................................................ 26
I. EXAM INFORMATION .............................................................................. 26
II. ACTIVITY 1 ................................................................................................. 26
III. ACTIVITY 2 .............................................................................................. 27
IV. ACTIVITY 3 .............................................................................................. 27
V. ACTIVITY 4 ................................................................................................. 28
Hoa Sen University EII 5 1
VI. ACTIVITY 5 .............................................................................................. 30
VII. ACTIVITY 6 .............................................................................................. 31
VIII. ACTIVITY 7 DESCRIBING A PIE CHART ........................................... 32
IX. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ............................................................................... 33
X. RUBRICS ........................................................................................................ 35
UNIT 4. WRITING A CAUSE/EFFECT ESSAY ............................................... 36
I. WRITING A CAUSE/EFFECT ESSAY....................................................... 36
II. ACTIVITY 1 ................................................................................................. 37
III. ACTIVITY 2 .............................................................................................. 38
IV. ACTIVITY 3: USING PASSIVE IN ESSAY WRITING ......................... 39
V. ACTIVITY 4 ................................................................................................. 41
VI. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ............................................................................... 43
VIII. RUBRICS .................................................................................................... 45
UNIT 5. WRITING A FORMAL EMAIL ........................................................... 46
I. ACTIVITY 1 ................................................................................................. 46
II. ACTIVITY 2 ................................................................................................. 48
III. ACTIVITY 3 .............................................................................................. 49
IV. ACTIVITY 4: USEFUL LANGUAGE FOR FORMAL AND INFORMAL

EMAILS 50
V. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ................................................................................... 52
VIII. RUBRICS .................................................................................................... 56
B. SPEAKING ....................................................................................................... 58
SHORT TALK TOPIC CARDS ............................................................................ 58
PART 1: PERSONAL INFORMATION QUESTIONS ................................... 58
PART 2: SHORT TALK TOPIC CARDS AND FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS 60
UNIT 6 .......................................................................................................... 60

UNIT 7 .......................................................................................................... 61
UNIT 8 .......................................................................................................... 62
UNIT 9 .......................................................................................................... 63
UNIT 10 ........................................................................................................ 64
PART 3: SAMPLE SPEAKING TEST ANSWERS ......................................... 65

A. WRITING
UNIT 1. WRITING FOR AND AGAINST ESSAYS

I. WRITING A “FOR AND AGAINST” ESSAY
"For and against" essays are one type of discursive writing in which you discuss the
advantages and disadvantages of a specific topic. A "For and Against" essay should
consist of:
a) an introduction in which you present the topic, making a general remark about
it without giving your opinion;
b) a main body in which you present the points for and the points against, in
separate paragraphs, supporting your arguments with justifications/examples;
c) a conclusion which includes your opinion (e.g. In my opinion/view, I
believe/think, etc) or a balanced summary of the topic.
* You must not include opinion words (I believe, I think, etc) in the introduction
or the main body. Opinion words can only be used in the final paragraph, where you
may state your opinion on the topic.
* "For and against" essays are normally written in a formal style; therefore you
should avoid using strong language (I know, I am sure, etc), short sentences, colloquial
expressions or idioms.

Introduction
(present topic without stating your opinion)
….………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………
Main body
Body paragraph 1
(arguments FOR, with justifications/ examples)
….………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………
Body paragraph 2
(arguments AGAINST, with justifications/ examples)
….………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………
Conclusion
(summary of main ideas and your opinions)
….………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………
II. ACTIVITY 1
Read the task below, underline the key words and answer the question.
You have had a class discussion about different forms of travel. Your teacher has now
asked you to write an essay presenting the arguments for and against travelling by boat.
Which of the following points could be included in your essay? Which points are pros
and which are cons? Can you add any other ideas?
• cheaper than other forms of travel
• can be unpleasant in bad weather
• lots of people go on sailing holidays
• journeys can take a long time
• more comfortable and enjoyable than other forms of transport
• famous explorers travel the seven seas
(Your ideas ….………………………………)

III. ACTIVITY 2
Read the article and label the paragraphs with the correct headings
Did you know the boat was one of the first forms of transport? A Paragraph 1:
hundred years ago, the only way to make a journey across the sea was by ….………….
boat. Nowadays, however, when it is possible to fly from one continent to ….………….
another in the space of a few hours, is there any reason to travel by boat? ….………….
Although the boat is a rather old-fashioned way of travelling, it has
certain advantages. To begin with, boats are usually more comfortable Paragraph 2:
than planes or cars. Instead of staying in your seat for the whole journey, ….………….
you can go for a walk on the deck, eat in a restaurant, or even go ….………….
shopping. Having more space 10 move around makes along journey much ….………….
more pleasant. Furthermore, boats are often cheaper than other forms of
travel. For example, a boat ticket usually costs less than a plane ticket. Paragraph 3:
Finally, boats are a safe alternative to cars and planes. There are fewer ….………….
accidents at sea than in the air or on the roads. ….………….
However, travelling by boat does have its disadvantages. It usually ….………….
takes much longer than other forms of travel. As a result, it can be more
tiring. In addition, boat trips can be very unpleasant when the weather is Paragraph 4:
bad. For instance, the sea is rough, making journeys uncomfortable or ….………….
even frightening. ….………….
All things considered, although there are some disadvantages to ….………….
travelling by boat, I believe it is a very enjoyable experience. Journeys
may take longer, but if you have time to spare, you can take advantage of
the many facilities which boats have to offer and enjoy a pleasant voyage.
Headings
➢ Arguments against
➢ Arguments for
➢ Opinion
➢ Present topic
Outlining
Read the article again and fill in the blanks below. Then, using expressions
from the box on the right, talk about the pros and cons of travelling by boat.

Useful expressions and linking words/phrases
To list and add points:
In the first place
To start/begin with
Secondly
Thirdly
Finally
In addition (to this)
Furthermore
Moreover
Besides,
etc.
To introduce or list advantages:

The main/first/most important advantage of…is that/…
One/Another/An additional advantage of…is that/…
One point of view in favour of…is that/…
To introduce or list disadvantages:

The main/most important disadvantage/drawback of...is that/…
One/Another/An additional disadvantage of...is that/…
One point/argument against… is that/…
To introduce examples/reasons/results:
for example/instance
such as
like
in particular
therefore
for this reason
because/as/since
as a result
To show contrast:
On the other hand
However, Nonetheless, Nevertheless, Although, Even though.
Despite/In spite of (the fact that), etc.
To introduce a conclusion:
In conclusion,
To conclude/sum up
All in all
All things considered
Taking everything into account/consideration,
IV. ACTIVITY 3
Match each argument about modelling career to its corresponding
justification. Which points are “for” and which are “against”?
Arguments Justifications
a) expected to stay thin so that they look good

1) be an exciting career
all the time

2) opportunity to earn a lot of b) designers and fashion magazines are willing
money to pay high fees for popular models
3) models must constantly watch
c) reporters arc always chasing them
what they eat
d) models usually travel to interesting places

4) no privacy
and often meet famous people
Now use linking words/phrases to complete the main body paragraphs below.
FOR-argument paragraph:
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AGAINST-argument paragraph:
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Look out!
Each body paragraph must have a TOPIC SENTENCE, which summarises the main
idea of the paragraph and makes it easier to follow the arguments in the essay.
V. ACTIVITY 4
Read the topic sentences and think of appropriate supporting ones. The picture
prompts below will help you.

VI. UNIT ASSIGNMENT
In this assignment, you will practice writing a FOR and AGAINST essay. Follow
the steps below.
Step 1: Choose one of the practice questions and underline the keywords
Step 2: Brainstorm the ideas for the essay question you have chosen
Step 3: Make a clear outline for your essay
Step 4: Write your essay
Step 5: Check and double-check your essay for mistakes/errors
Suggested practice questions:
1. Some people think keep animals in zoos is good in terms of wildlife protection and
education. Others argue that it is cruel to keep animals in this way. Write an essay of
250 words presenting arguments for and against the issue of keeping animals in zoos.
2. Travelling by bike is becoming more and more popular. Some people support using a
bike but others dislike it. Write an essay of 250 words presenting arguments for and
against the idea of using bikes as a form of transport.
3. Tourism is good for the development of a country. Write a for and against essay of
250 words about this issue.
Notes:
In your essay, try to use the suggested phrases/ words below.
Introducing a topic
- Over recent years, … has become increasingly important.
- ... is getting better and better/ worse and worse at the moment.
- Over the past few years, there has been more and more concern over the issue of …
Introducing a opinion/ view
- It is sometimes said that …
- It is often claimed that …
- On the one hand, it is undeniable that …
Saying why we disagree
- However, …
- In reality, though, …
- On the other hand, reality shows that …

Suggested outline
Introduction:
Introducing topic: ...................................................................................................................
Thesis statement: ....................................................................................................................
Body paragraph 1
Topic sentence: .........................................................................................................................
Argument 1: .............................................................................................................................
Justifications/examples: ...........................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
Argument 2: .............................................................................................................................
Justifications/examples: ..........................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
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Body paragraph 2
Topic sentence: .........................................................................................................................
Argument 1: .............................................................................................................................
Justifications/examples: ...........................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
Argument 2: .............................................................................................................................
Justifications/examples: ..........................................................................................................
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Conclusion
Summarising main arguments: .................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
State your opinion: ...................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................

VII. RUBRICS

UNIT 2. WRITING OPINION ESSAYS
I. WRITING AN OPINION ESSAY
Opinion essays are discursive essays in which you present your personal opinion on a
particular topic. Your opinion must be stated clearly and supported by justifications.
You should also present the opposing viewpoint(s) in a separate paragraph.
An opinion essay should consist of:
a) an introduction, in which you introduce the subject and state your opinion clearly;
b) a main body, consisting of two or more paragraphs (each presenting a separate
viewpoint supported by reasons/examples), including a paragraph giving the opposing
viewpoint supported by reasons/examples; and
c) a conclusion, in which you restate your opinion using different words.
* You normally use present tenses in this type of Writing, and phrases such as I
believe, In my opinion, I think, It seems to me that, I strongly disagree with, etc. to
express your opinion. You should list your viewpoints with Firstly, Furthermore,
Moreover, Also, etc, and introduce the opposing viewpoint using However, On the other
hand, etc.
* Opinion essays are normally written in a formal style, therefore you should avoid
using colloquial expressions, short forms or personal examples. You can find this type
of writing in the form of an article in newspapers, magazines, etc.

Introduction
(introduce the subject and state your opinion clearly)
….………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………
Main body
Body paragraph 1
(first viewpoint and reasons/ examples)
….………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………
Body paragraph 2
(second viewpoint and reasons/ examples)
….………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………
Body paragraph 3
(opposing viewpoint and reasons/ examples)
….………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………
Conclusion
(Restate your opinion using different words)
….………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………
* The number of paragraphs in the main body depends on the number of viewpoints
included.
II. ACTIVITY 1
Read the task below, underline the key words and answer the question.
You have had a class discussion about the following statement:
English and Maths are more important subjects than Art and Music.
Now your teacher has asked you to write an essay giving your opinion and reasons to
support your view(s).
2.1 Which of the following should you include in your essay?
A reasons why Art and Music can be boring
B your views about whether English and Maths are important
C reasons or examples to support your views
D opposing views and supporting arguments
2.2 What are the benefits of studying these subjects? Use the notes to complete the
table. You can add further ideas of your own.

tools to deal with everyday matters
provide well-rounded education
help you communicate clearly
necessary in order to find a job
English & Maths Art & Music
2.3 Do you agree or disagree with the statement in the task? Give reasons.
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III. ACTIVITY 2
3.1 Read the essay and label the paragraphs with the headings below.
Headings
second viewpoint & examples
subject & opinion
restate opinion
opposing viewpoint(s)
first viewpoint & examples

Isn't it unfortunate that in today's society there are so many Para 1
people who cannot read, write or even do arithmetic? I strongly believe ….……..
that, although subjects such as Art and Music are important, English ….……..
and Maths are the most fundamental part of our education. ….……..
In the first place, when you know how to read, write and do
simple calculations, you have the tools required in order to deal with Para 2
everyday matters. For example, being able to read and write can help ….……..
you communicate and express yourself dearly. Moreover, you need ….……..
basic maths for such daily chores as doing your shopping, paying your ….……..
bills and managing your money.
Furthermore, it is essential to have a good knowledge of English Para 3

and Maths in order to find even the simplest job. Reading, writing and ….……..
mathematical skills are the minimum requirements that most employers ….……..
demand. ….……..
On the other hand, it can be argued that Art and Music are just as Para 4
significant as English and Maths. For instance, learning how to draw or ….……..
play an instrument can introduce a child to a whole new world. In ….……..
addition to this, subjects such as Art and Music can provide children ….……..
with a well rounded education rather than just basic skills.
All things considered, though, it seems to me that English and Para 5

Maths are vital subjects. Without learning to read, write or do ….………
arithmetic, people may have difficulties coping with even the simplest ….………
tasks in daily life. ….………
3.2 Read the essay again and underline the viewpoints the writer mentions.
- What reasons/examples are given to support each viewpoint?
- What linking words/phrases are used to introduce the writer's viewpoints and the
opposing viewpoint?
- What is the writer's opinion? Do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
IV. ACTIVITY 3 (LINKING WORD/PHRASES)
4.1 Read the extracts below and complete them with the linking words/ phrases
provided in the box below.
for one thing all in all while

on the other hand since what is more
Extract 1
1)…………………………, computers save us time and energy and make our daily
lives easier. 2)………………………, most of us are grateful to be able t.o withdraw
money from cash machines rather than wait in long queues inside the bank.
3)………………………, computers have made many people’s jobs easier by doing
routine tasks that in the past were tiring and time-consuming.
Extract 2
1)……………………….., I don't believe that theatre is an outdated form of
entertainment, 2)……………………. new ideas are often presented on the stage.
3)……………………….. television may be more convenient, it is theatre that offers
quality entertainment.
In which parts of the essay should these extracts be placed?
4.2 Now read the following sentences and choose the correct words/ phrases.
a) It is argued/One reason that testing new drugs on animals is necessary before giving
them to humans.
b) In my view, we can all do something to protect the environment. For example /In
addition, we can recycle newspapers and magazines.
c) Taking holidays abroad is usually more expensive than taking them in your own
country. What is more/However, it gives you the opportunity to experience other
cultures.
d) Secondly/Especially, regular exercise helps you to stay in good health.
e) On the other hand, it can be argued that what individuals do to protect the
environment makes very little difference, in particular/since it is factories and power
stations which create the most pollution.
V. ACTIVITY 4 CONSTRUCTING A BODY PARAGRAPH
5.1 Read the extract below and answer the following questions
On the other hand, there are certain disadvantages to having your own car.
Firstly, cars have to be maintained and repaired on a regular basis. Therefore, you need
to spend a considerable amount of money to keep the car in good condition. Moreover,
driving can sometimes be extremely stressful. For example, being caught in a traffic
jam is not only irritating but also time-consuming.
a) What is the main idea of the paragraph? Which sentence is it in?
b) What arguments does the writer use to support this main idea? How are these
arguments developed?
c) Which linking words/phrases has the writer used? Suggest other suitable
words/phrases which could replace these.
5.2 Now read the topic sentences and suggest suitable supporting ones.
1.Television may have a harmful effect on young people
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2. Looking after a pet from an early age develops a person’s character.
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3 Life in a large city is very interesting
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VI. ACTIVITY 5 OUTLINING YOUR ESSAY
Writing question:
People should give up meat and become vegetarians.

What’s your opinion about this issue? Write an essay of 250 words presenting what you think.
6.1 Read the viewpoints (1-5) and match them to the reasons (A-E), as in the
example.

6.2 Now complete the parts of the essay below, using the suggested ideas above and
your own ideas.
Introduction
Nowadays, we are often told what we should or should not eat, and some people
advocate that meat should be completely removed from our diet. In my view, I strongly
believe that .........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
Body
Paragraph 1
(Topic sentence) On the one hand, ..................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Main idea 1 To begin with ...............................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Supporting idea(s) For example/ In other words, ............................................................

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Paragraph 2
Main idea 2 In addition ....................................................................................................
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Supporting idea(s) An example in case is that / As a result, ............................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Paragraph 3
(Topic sentence to state opposing view) On the other hand ............................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Main idea Actually, ...........................................................................................................
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Supporting idea(s) For instance, ......................................................................................
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Conclusion
All things considered, .......................................................................................................
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VII. UNIT ASSIGNMENT
In this assignment, you will practice writing a OPINION essay. Follow the steps
below.

1. Some organizations value quality of work above appearance.
Write an essay of 250 words expressing your opinion about this subject.
2. Some people believe that playing video or computer games should be banned
among children as it has negative effects on them.
Write an essay of 250 words to give your opinion over this issue.
3. Fast food is a good alternative to cooking for yourself.
Write an essay of 250 words expressing your opinion and giving reasons for your
point of view.
Notes:
In your essay, you must use at least 4 of the suggested phrases/ words below.
Expressing a personal opinion
- On the one hand, it is true that …
- There are strong arguments for the idea that …
- It is wisely accepted that …
- It is often claimed that …
- On the one hand, it is undeniable that …
Introducing an opposing opinion
- On the other hand, no one can deny that …
- However, it seems to me that …
- On the other hand, reality shows that …
- In reality, though, it turns out that …

Suggested outline
Introduction:
Introducing topic: ________________________________________________
Thesis statement: ________________________________________________
Body paragraph 1
Topic sentence: _________________________________________________
Argument 1: ____________________________________________________
Justifications/examples: ___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Body paragraph 2
(Transition)
Argument 2: _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Body paragraph 3
Opposing Argument(s):____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Conclusion
Summarising main arguments: _____________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Restate your opinion: _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

VIII. RUBRICS

UNIT 3. AN INTRODUCTION TO IELTS WRITING TASK 1
DESCRIBING CHARTS AND GRAPHS
I. EXAM INFORMATION
• You write a summary of information from one or more graphs, tables, charts
or diagrams.
• You must also compare some of the information and write an overview.
• You must write at least 150 words in about 20 minutes.
II. ACTIVITY 1
Work in pairs. Look at the different ways of showing information (A–E) and match
them with their names (1–5).
1 pie chart 2 diagram 3 bar chart 4 line graph 5 table

III. ACTIVITY 2
Work in pairs. Look at this introductory sentence to a summary of the information in
the line graph (A) in Activity 1 and answer the questions below.
The graph shows the changes in the number of people from abroad
who visited Townsville, Queensland, over a four-year period.
Which word(s) …
1 say how the information is shown?

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2 explain the purpose of the graph using the writer’s own words?
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3 express the time period the information covers?
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IV. ACTIVITY 3
4.1 Write introductory sentences for the pie chart (B) and the bar chart (C) by putting
these phrases in the correct order.
Chart B
and the languages / in Winchester, California, / The chart shows / the number of
households / which people speak there
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Chart C
according to age / how the problems vary / into a new country and / The chart shows /
the difficulties people have / when they integrate
………………………………………………………………………………….…………………
.……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………….…………………
4.2 Work in pairs. Write your own introductory sentences for the diagram (D) and the
table (E).
Diagram D
…………………………………………………………………………………
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Table E
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
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V. ACTIVITY 4
Work in pairs. Look at this Writing task and answer questions 1–3. (write your
answers in full sentences)

1
What is the greatest problem for 18–34-yearolds? How many of them experience this
problem? How does this compare with the other age groups?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
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2 What is most problematic for people in the oldest age group? How does this compare
with the youngest age group?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
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3 What thing does the oldest age group have the least difficulty with? How does this
compare with the other age groups?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………

VI. ACTIVITY 5
Read the sample answer below to the Writing task.
1 Which paragraphs answer questions 1–3 in Activity 4?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
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2 What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
The chart shows the difficulties people have when they move to a new
country and how the problems vary according to people’s ages.
The greatest problem for young people aged 18 to 34 is forming friendships, a
problem experienced by 46 percent of the people in this age group. However,
only 36 percent of 35- to 54-year-olds find it hard to make friends, while
even fewer people over 55 (23 percent) have this problem.
Fifty-four percent of the older age group find learning to speak the local
language the most problematic. In comparison, the youngest age group finds
this easier, and the percentage who have problems learning the language is
much lower, at 29 percent.
In contrast to their language-learning difficulties, only 22 percent of
people in the oldest age group have trouble finding accommodation. However,
this is the second most significant problem for the other two age groups with
39 to 40 percent of the people in each group finding it hard.
In general, all age groups experience the same problems to some extent,
but the percentage of older people who find language learning difficult is much
higher than the others.

VII. ACTIVITY 6
7.1 You will get higher marks in the exam if you use your own words, not the words
in the Writing task.
Look at the sample answer in activity 5 above and answer the questions.
1 What words does the writer use in the sample answer for these words?
a problems ……………………
b go to live ……………………
c other countries ………………
2 What other information does the writer add in the introductory paragraph?
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7.2 Each of these sentences contains a mistake made by IELTS candidates. Find and
correct the mistakes.
percent or percentage
1 The graph shows the increase in the percent of people who used rail transport between
1976 and 1999.
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2 The graph shows the percentage of people with a criminal record according to their
age and percentage of people in prison according to their gender.
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3 By 1995, the numbers had fallen to a two percent.
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4 In 2004, the number rose to approximately 58 percents.
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5 It is surprising that percentage of people watching television remained the same.
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6 On the other hand, socialising with friends rose sharply to 25 percentage in
comparison with 1981.
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VIII. ACTIVITY 7 DESCRIBING A PIE CHART

8.1 Work in pairs. Look at the pie chart and answer the questions.
8.2 Complete the summary below with words/ phrases from the box
thirteen percent go to New Zealand other reasons

see friends and family for pleasure
the largest percentage
The chart shows why people from other countries 1………….

2………..., 47 percent, go there on holiday. Twenty-five percent visit
New Zealand in order to 3………….. 4………….. go there on business,
and just 11 percent visit for 5…………..
Overall, the majority of visitors go 6……………, not for work.

IX. UNIT ASSIGNMENT
Write a summary of at least 150 words for each task below.
Task 1:
Task 2:
The chart below shows the countries of origin of international visitors to New Zealand.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

Useful language for describing trends
Upward trend Downward trend Fluctuation No change

go up go down fluctuate stabilise
increase decrease move up and down stay the same
rise decline change constantly remain stable
climb drop level off
grow fall
Variation of structures (notice the use of prepositions)

There was a dramatic rise of 1000 in car sales from 1997 to 1998.
(adjective + noun)
= Car sales rose dramatically by 1000 between 1997 and 1998.
(verb + adverb)

X. RUBRICS

UNIT 4. WRITING A CAUSE/EFFECT ESSAY
I. WRITING A CAUSE/EFFECT ESSAY
A cause/effect essay examines the reasons (causes) why an event, a situation or an action
occurs and/or the results (effects) of an event, a situation or an action. There are different
ways to structure a cause/effect essay, depending on the task questions.
One effect with several causes
causes effect
balanced diet
plenty of exercise good health
enough sleep
One cause with several effects
causes effect
learn to plant and harvest vegetables
children work in gardens learn to clean and prepare vegetables
learn healthy eating habits
Organization
The introduction describes the event, situation, or action that you are
examining. It includes the thesis statement. The thesis states the cause(s) and
effect(s) you will examine or gives your opinion.
Each body paragraph examines a cause or effect that you have chosen and
provides supporting information, such as facts, examples, and descriptions A strong
body paragraph contains one main point and at least two pieces of information to
support it.
The conclusion summarizes the cause(s) and effect(s) discussed. It may also
predict what will happen in the future or give advice.

II. ACTIVITY 1
Read the sample essay and answer the following questions.

III. ACTIVITY 2
Read the sample essay in Activity 1 again. Then complete the essay outline. You do not
have to use the writer’s exact words.

IV. ACTIVITY 3: USING PASSIVE IN ESSAY WRITING
When we write an argumentative essay, it is important to maintain the formality
level through the use of grammatical structures. Using passive voice can help us do this.
In an active sentence, the subject is the agent-the person or thing that performs the
action of the verb. In a passive sentence, the subject is the receiver-the person or thing
that is affected by the action of the verb. The passive is formed with be + past
participle. In a passive sentence, the agent is optional. If it is included, it follows the
preposition by.
Active sentence: Food labels often mislead us.

Passive sentence: We are often misled by food labels.
Most passive sentences do not include the agent because it is obvious or unnecessary.
Eg.
Fruits and vegetables are usually picked [by people] when they are freshest.
People were encouraged [by experts] to eliminate eggs from their diets.
The passive is used with by + agent to complete the sentence meaning and extend the
idea of the sentence by giving new information.
Eg.
Many diets are ruined by “comfort eating”, which becomes more and more popular
with the growing trend of fast food.
4.1 Read the passive sentences. Check a sentence if the agent is necessary. If
the agent is no necessary, cross it out.

4.2 Read the passive sentences. If a sentence could be complete without an
agent, add a period. If the agent is necessary to complete the meaning, add an
appropriate agent.
That house is going to be repainted

.....................................................................................................................................................
In my favorite restaurant, all the food is prepared
.....................................................................................................................................................
My computer is being prepared
.....................................................................................................................................................
The accident victim was taken to the hospital
.....................................................................................................................................................
Many famous painters are influenced
.....................................................................................................................................................
I was trying to get to sleep, but I was disturbed
.....................................................................................................................................................
Everyone was shocked when the office was broken into
.....................................................................................................................................................
After the author’s death, his last novel was finished
.....................................................................................................................................................
V. ACTIVITY 4
5.1. Read the task below and underlining the key words
Task question:
Nowadays science is having increasingly huge effect on almost all aspects of human’s
life, especially in the food industry.
Write a 250-word essay discussing the effects that science has on food.
5.2. Brainstorming the ideas
Work with a partner, brainstorm the good and bad effects that science has had on food.
Write your ideas in the chart below.
Now decide whether you think science has more positive effects or more negative effects
on food.
5.3 Now use the ideas in 5.2 to make an outline for your essay. Make sure that
you have enough ideas to develop a strong outline.
* Remember you need to discuss three effects with at least two supporting ideas
for each of them to write well-structured convincing body paragraphs.

VI. UNIT ASSIGNMENT
In this assignment, you will practice writing a CAUSE/EFFECT essay. Follow the steps below.

1. People nowadays sleep less than they used to in the past. What do you think is the
reason behind this? What are the effects on individuals and people around them?
Write an essay of 250 words discussing this subject.
2. More and more children are becoming obese. What are the causes of this and what
are the effects?
Write an essay of 250 words over this issue.
3. There has been an increasing number of incidents involving violence among
teenagers recently.
Write an essay of 250 words discussing the reasons for this issue and suggesting
measures to improve the situation.
Notes:
In your essay, you must use at least 4 of the suggested phrases/ words below.
Expressing causes
-The first and foremost reason is that …
-The reason for … lies in the fact that …
-It is … that cause/causes the situation to get worse.
-The situation might be attributed to …
Expressing effects
- .… might result in …
- As a result (of …), …
- A commonly seen consequence is that …
- Thanks to/ Due to/ Owing to/ Because of …, a resulting problem is …
Giving evidence
- As evidence, …
- For example/ For instance, …
- There is ample evidence to this issue/problem, particularly …
- An example in case is that …

VIII. RUBRICS

UNIT 5. WRITING A FORMAL EMAIL
I. ACTIVITY 1
1.1. Read the task below and answer the questions.
You are a member of a library. You have just received the following
email from them.
Dear Library Members,
Due to high membership, two new rules will be introduced from today:
⚫ Members are only allowed to take out 2 books at a time, instead of 4
books as previously allowed.
⚫ All members will be charged $5 per day for books that are overdue,
increased from $1.
We hope you understand these changes are in the interest of all
members. Please feel free to email us about this at
library@aptis_library.com
Write an e-mail to the library, explaining your feelings about the

new rules and suggesting possible alternatives. Write 120-150 words.
You have 20 minutes.
1. Who do you write the email to?

2. How many words do you have to write?
3. How much time are you allowed to spend on this task?
4. What do you write about?
5. What kind of email is it, formal or informal?
1.2. Now read the two sample responses to the email above. With a partner, decide
which of the sample responses is better. Give reasons for your choice.

Sample 1 Sample2
Subject: New Library Regulations Subject:
Dear Sir or Madam, Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to express my I am writing this email to express my
dissatisfaction with the new library dissatisfaction with the recent
regulations. While I understand that changes of the new rules and also the
your library has limited financial fees for those who are late returning
resources, the changes you have the books. As far as I am concerned, it
introduced are, I feel, unwarranted. is unacceptable for us as a member of
Firstly, two books are not sufficient the library
for fast readers like myself. I will now Firstly, we can only borrow 2 books
need to make two visits to the library rather than 4 books before this. This
per week, instead of one. Secondly, the make me miserable because I always
$5 per day overdue penalty seems use many books for my research
extremely harsh, and represents a large project
increase on the previous penalty. Secondly, the increase in charge for
May I suggest an alternative solution books that are overdue is very high. I
to your problem? If you were to charge was very disappointed to read the new
a small membership fee, this would notice about this changes. I suggest
reduce the number of members while you look at the increase in charges so
also providing a modest income to that it is more reasonable to everyone
purchase more books. I’d imagine a fee and the quantity of the books.
as small as £20 per annum would I look forward to hearing back from
suffice. you on if my recommendations are
Thank you for your attention to this acceptable. If not, I will look for
matter. another library
Yours faithfully, Regards,
Ali Mohammed

II. ACTIVITY 2
Read the sample response email again match parts of the email with the given headings.
Subject: New Library Regulations Part 1…………..

Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to express my dissatisfaction
Part 2…………..
with the new library regulations. While I
understand that your library has limited financial
resources, the changes you have introduced are, I
feel, unwarranted.
Firstly, two books are not sufficient for fast Part 3……………
readers like myself. I will now need to make two
visits to the library per week, instead of one.
Secondly, the $5 per day overdue penalty seems
extremely harsh, and represents a large increase on
the previous penalty.
May I suggest an alternative solution to your
Part 4…………….
problem? If you were to charge a small membership
fee, this would reduce the number of members
while also providing a modest income to purchase
more books. I’d imagine a fee as small as £20 per
annum would suffice.
Thank you for your attention to this matter. Part 5…………….
Yours faithfully,
Ali Mohammed
Headings
a. Closing
b. Details of the issue being discussed in the email
c. Purpose(s) of the email and general feeling(s) over the issue being discussed
d. Suggestion(s) and intention(s)
e. Greetings

III. ACTIVITY 3
Work with a partner. Put the following phrases/ incomplete sentences in the
suitable parts of the email outline below.
a. I am writing to complain about …
b. Because of all these reasons, may I suggest a solution to your problem?
c. I hope you will take my suggestions into consideration.
d. The … stopped working just a week after I purchased it.
e. I am writing with regard to the … (changes/…) your club have just announced
recently.
f. I look forward to your prompt reply.
g. Your faithfully,
h. I would recommend that the club … for our next meeting.
i. It says on the box that the product is guaranteed for … years but it just worked for
… days/weeks after I received it.
j. Another problem is that the … had got broken when it was delivered to me last
week.
k. I am sorry to say that your lack of professionalism has been problematic for me.
l. If the new meeting date cannot be rescheduled, I would like to cancel my
participation in the meeting and have a refund.
m. I was so disappointed to discover that … did not meet the required standard
n. Dear Sir/ Madam,
o. I was wondering if it is possible for your company to examine the … again.
p. Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any further questions.
q. Luckily, I will still be able to take part in our upcoming club meeting, so please keep
my deposit and my name on the attendee list.
r. Although I understand the place need rebuilding, the delay has, unfortunately,
caused me trouble.
Outline of a formal email
Subject:
Part 1: ………………………………………………………………………
….……………………………………………………………………
Part 2: ………………………………………………………………………
….……………………………………………………………………
Part 3: ………………………………………………………………………
….……………………………………………………………………
Part 4: ………………………………………………………………………
….……………………………………………………………………
Part 5: ………………………………………………………………………
….……………………………………………………………………

IV. ACTIVITY 4: USEFUL LANGUAGE FOR FORMAL AND INFORMAL
EMAILS
Parts Formal emails Informal emails
- Dear Sir/ Madam - Hello Claire,
Greetings/ - Dear Sir or Madam, - Hi Dennis,
Salutations - Dear Mr/ Ms Jones, - Dear Mum,
- Dear Dr Smith,
- I am writing with regard to the recent - Just a quick note to invite
changes in our … club. you to
- I am writing to express my - I just to tell you that …
disappointment about the …. - I wanted to let you know
- I am writing to express my that
dissatisfaction with the news that … - I wanted to tell you about
Purpose/ - I am writing to ask for further …
Reason for information about … -Did you hear about …?
writing - I am writing (on behalf of) … to -Have you heard the news
express concern over the … about …?
- I am writing (on behalf of) … to - I just wanted to say sorry
send my sincere thank to … for not being able to come
- I am writing (on behalf of) … to to …
express my deepest apology
- Could you please let me know if you - Can you tell me more
can … about …?
- I would appreciate it if you could - Tell me if you can …
please send me further information - Can you call me/ get back
Making about/ regarding … to me asap? (as soon as
requests/ - I would also like to know if … possible)
Asking for - It would be helpful if you could send - I need some more
information us … information about …
- I would be most grateful if you could
…
- I was wondering if you could …

- I would suggest meeting on … if you - How about …?
are available/ free then. - What about …?
- I am available on … , if that is - Why don’t we …?
convenient/ okay with you. - Shall we …?
- I am afraid I cannot … because … - Is … OK/ fine with you?
Making - Due to …, I am afraid we need to put
arrangements/ forward/ delay/ postpone/ put back/
Rescheduling cancel/ call off/ reschedule/ move/
rearrange …
- I would be glad to help you find … if - I’m sorry, but I can’t make
it is OK with you it … (tomorrow).
- Please do let me know if I can be of - I’m happy to tell you that
further assistance. …
Offering help/ - Should you need any further - How about me coming
Giving information/ assistance, please do not round and helping you out?
information hesitate to contact me/ us. - Do you need a hand with
- I am glad to inform you that … … (moving the furniture?)
- I regret to inform you that … If you need any help with
…, tell/ write me
- Because of all the reasons, I would - What about …(+V-ing)?

like to suggest that … -Is it OK to … (+Vbare)?
- May I suggest an alternative solution
to the problem …?
Making - I wonder if we could reschedule the
suggestions/ meeting to … (May/ next month/ …)
Stating - Do you think it would be a good idea
expectations to …
- Don’t you think it is possible to …?
- I hope my suggestion will be taken
into consideration
- I would like to apologize for any - I’m sorry for the trouble I
inconvenience caused (to the …) caused (to the …)
- Please accept our apologies for the - I apologize for the delay
delay (in …) (in …)
- Please let us know what we can do to - I promise it won’t happen
Making compensate for the damages caused again.
apologies (to …) - I’m sorry, but I can’t make
- I will make sure that this will not it to the meeting (since I
happen again in the future. had a problem with …)
- I am afraid I will not be able to
attend the conference on the
scheduled day (due to …)
- Please accept our (sincerest)
apologies for the inconvenience
caused/ for any inconvenience caused/
for …
- I look forward to hearing from you. - Hope to hear from you

- I look forward to hearing when you soon.
are planning to visit our town. - I’ll be waiting for your
Ending and - If you require any further reply.
signing off information, please don’t hesitate to - Write me soon
contact me.
- Please feel free to contact me if you
have further questions
- Yours faithfully, (when you start - Love,
with Dear Sir/ Madam,) - Thanks,
- Yours sincerely, (when you start - Take care,
Closing with the name e.g. Dear Ms Collins) - Yours,
- Sincerely Yours, (AmE) - Regards,
- Sincerely, (AmE) (semi-formal, also BR)
- Yours Truly, (AmE)
V. UNIT ASSIGNMENT
In this assignment, you will practice writing a FORMAL email. Follow the steps below.
Step 1: Choose two of the practice tasks (the tasks must be of different types
of email and underline the keywords
Step 2: Brainstorm the ideas for the email questions you have chosen
Step 3: Make sure you choose the appropriate language for your formal emails
Step 4: Write your email
Step 5: Check and double-check your emails for mistakes/errors related to
grammar, format and register
SUGGESTED PRACTICE QUESTIONS:
1. Customer Service
Last week you received a package in the mail that you ordered a month ago from
an international company. You bought this item as a present for Ryan. You were
planning on giving this gift to him when he came to town to visit. He has gone home

but you have decided not to cancel the order and keep the item for yourself. However,
when the package arrived it was not only late but it was also broken.
Write an e-mail to the company's customer service department. Write about
your feelings and what you would like to do. Write 150 words.
_________________________________________________
2. Sports Club
You are a member of a sports club. On your last visit to the club you saw the notice
below.
Dear Members,
We are sorry to tell you that since next month membership fees will go up by a
minimum of 15%. Also, due to the maintenance the club will close from 4 p.m. on
Wednesdays for the next four weeks. Please feel free to email us at
kjmn@goodhealth.com.
Write an e-mail to the Customer Service Team, explaining your feelings
about the notice and suggesting possible alternatives. Write 150 words.
__________________________________________
3. Travel Club
You are a member of a travel club. You received this e-mail from the club:
Dear Members,
We are writing to tell you that the famous world traveler, Ms. Zora Akello will
unfortunately not be able to give a talk at our next club meeting due to a mistake in
scheduling by the club secretary. However, our meeting will take place as usual with a
discussion on travel hacks.
Write an e-mail to the manager of the club. Write about your feelings and
what you would like to do. Write 150 words.
4. Email of Inquiry
As requested by your employer, you need to take a short language course of
around three months to be able to communicate effectively with local businessmen on
your next business trip to China.

Email a language training center and ask for information about a Chinese
course that you can attend to support your job. You should write 150 words.
_________________________________________________
5. Photography Club
You are a member of a photography club. You received this e-mail from the club:
We are writing to tell you that the next meeting of our photography club (taking
photos of historical buildings) has been postponed for 2 months, as a few of the
buildings have been damaged due to last week’s storm. It will now take place on
Saturday the 15th of March. The deposit that you paid for this trip will be held and used
for the March trip. Please contact the club secretary if you need to change your plans or
would like a refund.
Write an e-mail to the secretary of the club. Write about your feelings and
what you would like to do. Write 150 words.
_________________________________________________
6. Customer Service
Last week you received an email from your local council:
Dear Residents,
To improve the telephone network, we will be installing a new telecoms tower on
Monday next week. It will take approximately 8 hours to install. For this reason, all
telephone services (both mobile and land lines) and all internet services will be
disrupted from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Monday. We apologise for the inconvenience and
hope it will bring a better service.
The Local Council
However, the installation took two days (Monday and Tuesday) and since then,
the service has been significantly worse!
Write an email to the council explaining your feelings about the situation and
suggesting possible alternatives. Write 150 words.
_______________________________________________
7. Email of Inquiry

You have just read an advertisement for an apartment for rent. You want to hire
this apartment but need some more information about it and also some advice from
someone you trust.
Write an email of 150 words to the owner of this apartment building,
inquiring any related information about this apartment. Also ask about the
payment for the first month, including the deposit. Finally set a meeting date so
you can have a look at the apartment.

VIII. RUBRICS

B. SPEAKING
SHORT TALK TOPIC CARDS
PART 1: PERSONAL INFORMATION QUESTIONS
Topic 1: Study
What are you studying?
Why did you choose to study that major?
What’s the most difficult part of your study?
What do you like most about your school?
Topic 2: Sports
Do you play any sports?
Which is the popular sports in your country?
Who is your favorite sports star?
What kinds of sports would you like to try in the future?
Topic 3: Fashion
What types of clothes do you like to wear?
What kind of clothes do you never wear?
Where do you buy most of your clothes?
Have you ever worn a uniform?
Topic 4: Hometown
What’s the name of your hometown and where is it?
Is that a big city or a small place?
Please describe your hometown a little? (or) What’s your hometown like? (or) Tell me
about your hometown.
Do you like your hometown? If yes, what do you like (most) about your hometown?
Topic 5: Holidays
What do you do in your holidays?
Who do you usually spend the holiday with?
Why are holidays important to you?
If you could take a holiday anywhere in the world, where would you go? Why?
Topic 6: Weather
What’s the weather like in your country each season?

What type of weather do you like best?
Does the weather ever affect what you do?
Does rain ever affect transportation in your hometown?
Topic 7: Leisure time
Do you have any hobbies?
Is it important to have a hobby?
Is it harmful to spend too much time on a hobby?
What free-time activities would you like to try in the future?
Topic 8: Public transport
What form of transport do you prefer to use? Why?
What form of transport do you prefer to use? Why?
Can you compare the advantages of planes and trains?
Do you prefer public transport or private transport?
Topic 9: Celebrities
Who is your favourite celebrity in your country?
Do you like any foreign celebrities?
Would you like to be a celebrity? Why?
How do celebrities influence their fans in your country?
Topic 10: Houses
What kind of housing/accommodation do you live in?
Can you describe the room you live in?
Who do you live with?
Which part of your home do you like the most?

PART 2: SHORT TALK TOPIC CARDS AND FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS
UNIT 6
SHORT TALK TOPIC CARDS - EII 5 - LESSON 6.1

Describe an academic success that you achieved.
You should say:
what you did to achieve that success
how difficult it was to do it
how you felt when you were successful
and other relevant information (if any)
SUGGESTED FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS

What makes a good student?
How has teaching changed in your country in the last few years?
How can a teacher make lessons for children more interesting?

Describe an important invention that you think has positively influenced the human race.
You should say:
what it was
who invented it
what changes it has brought
how it has positively influenced the human race

Which invention has transformed your country most? How?
Which invention do you think is the most useful at home?
What do you think is the most important equipment in schools?

Describe a time when you were cheated/ when someone lied to you / someone did not tell
you the complete truth.
You should say:
what the situation was
when this happened
who the person was
what he hid about
why you think the person did not tell the whole truth

Why do you think that people cheat?
In what situations do people usually cheat?
What do you think can be done to prevent cheating?

UNIT 7

Describe a tourist attraction you once visited.
You should say:
when you visited it
where is it situated
who you went with

What souvenirs do people buy from tourist attractions?
Why do people like to take photos while traveling?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of taking photographs?

Describe a place you would like to visit.
You should say:
where it is
what the main attractions are
how you know this place
why you want to visit this place

What can tourists learn from visiting new places?
What would you like to buy when you are on holiday?
How do you think travelling today is different from what it was several decades ago?

Describe a historic building in your country or city that you know.
You should say:
what and where it is
when it was built and why
what it is known for

How do people in your country feel about protecting historic buildings?
Do you think an area can benefit from having an interesting historic place locally?
What do you think will happen to historic places or buildings in the future?

UNIT 8

Describe a piece of equipment you often use at home or at work.
You should say:
what it is
what you do with it/ how to use it
how long you have had it
how important it is to you

What are the most common household appliances that every family has?
What can people do to protect their equipment from being broken?
Do you think modern technology makes people lazier?

Talk about some technology that you have started using fairly recently.
You should say:
what it is and what it does
how it makes life better or easier
how it is different to other similar technology
whether you think you will still be using it in ten years’ time or not, and why

What is the most common type of technology used by people in your country?
Is it possible to live without technology?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of technology?

Describe a foreign language you would like to learn (except English)
You should say:
what it is and how you plan to learn it
where it is spoken
how it will help you
why you want to learn this language

Why do people want to learn a foreign language?
Do you think grammar is important when you learn a foreign language? Why?
Do you want to become a foreign language teacher in the future? Why?

UNIT 9

Describe someone you know who dresses well.
You should say:
who they are
how you know them
what kind of clothes they wear
why you like the way they dress

Can clothing tell you much about a person?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of having uniforms at school/work?
How have clothes fashions change in your country over the last few decades?

Describe a type of clothes you like.
You should say:
what it is
what it looks like
how often you wear it
why you like it so much

What is the difference between clothes that young people and old people like to wear?
Can clothing tell you much about a person?
When do people wear traditional clothing in your country?

Describe a thing that you bought and felt pleased.
You should say:
what you bought
when and where you bought it
why you bought it
why you were happy with it

What are your thoughts about the trend that people buy new things instead of repairing
the old ones?
What is the product, which is consumed most in your country? Why?
Have you ever have had a bad shopping experience?

UNIT 10

Describe a habit your friend has and you want to develop.
You should say:
who your friend is
what habit he/she has
when you noticed this habit
why you want to develop this habit

What habits should young people have?
Are there any bad habits you want to change?
Do you think your habits say something about your personality?

Describe something you want to do in the future.
You should say:
what it is
when you want to do it
how you want to complete/achieve it
why you want to do it

Which do you prefer? Having plans or having no plans?
Do you think planning is important?
Why do people make plans?

Describe someone who encourages you to achieve goals.
You should say:
who the person is
how he/she related to you is
how he/she encourages you
something about that person which you like the most

Why it is important to have role models in our life?
What types of person (parents, teachers, friends etc.) are best to influence young
people’s behaviour?
What type of people influence the young in your country?

PART 3: SAMPLE SPEAKING TEST ANSWERS
Part 1: Personal information questions

Topic: Study
1. What subject are you studying?
My major is Economics. I completed my school majoring in commerce and studying in
Economics was a long dream for me.
2. Which part of the course do you enjoy most?
I enjoy learning new things in every semester. The project works in each semester is the
part I enjoy most. These projects enable me to work in a group and hands on the
theories I learn throughout the semester.
3. Why did you choose to study that?
Honestly, I did not particularly select this subject. I attended the university admission
test in commerce faculty and based on my performance on the exam and interview with
the faculty members, I was offered this subject from their end. I wanted to study in
commerce faculty and now I feel very lucky that I was offered this major.
Part 2: Short talk topic cards

Describe an interest or hobby that you particularly enjoy.
You should say:
what this interest or hobby is
how long have you been doing it
what effect has it brought to your life
and other relevant information
I am a big table tennis fan, even though I am not very good at playing table tennis
myself. I love to watch the game on TV. I have played table tennis whenever I get a
chance since I studied in the middle school. Playing table tennis not only refreshes my
body and makes me mentally alert, and ready and eager to engage in the work of the
day. In addition, a reasonable amount of exercise prepares the body for a good night's
sleep. However, over-indulgence in physical exercise can do more harm than good.
Because it will make you too tired to stay awake during the work.
Part 3: Follow-up questions

1. Is it dangerous for people to spend too much time on a hobby?
Yes, over-indulgence in physical exercise can do more harm than good. I have noticed
that some of my friends spend too much time on sports make themselves too tired to
stay awake during the work.
2. Do you think hobby is beneficial to social life?
Yes, of course. I make many friends during playing table tennis. So, I think that hobby
is beneficial the social life.
3. Why do people like to watch games?
Oh, it is an interesting question. Watching games can enrich our leisure life. Also, it is
very exciting to watch a close game.

TOEIC PLACEMENT TEST
LISTENING TEST
In this section, you must demonstrate your ability to understand spoken English. This section is
divided into four parts and will take approximately 45 minutes to complete.
Part 1
Directions: For each question, you will listen to four short statements about a picture in your test
book. These statements will not be printed and will only be spoken one time. Select the statement
that best describes what is happening in the picture and mark the corresponding letter (A), (B), (C)
or (D) on the answer sheet.
The statement that best describes the picture is (B), "The man is sitting at the desk." So, you
should mark letter (B) on the answer sheet.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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1.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
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2.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
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3.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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4.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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5.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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6.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Part 2
Directions: You will hear a question or statement and three responses spoken in English. They
will not be printed in your test book and will be spoken only one time. Select the best response to
the question or statement and mark the letter (A), (B), or (C) on your answer sheet.
7. Mark your answer on the answer sheet

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 8 of 50
Part 3
Directions: You will hear some conversations between two or more people. You will be asked to
answer three questions about what the speakers say in each conversation. Select the best
response to each question and mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet. The
conversations will not be printed in your test book and will be spoken only one time.
32. What is the woman trying to do?

(A) Buy a computer
(B) Reserve a flight
(C) Mail a package
(D) Pick up a vehicle
33. What did the woman forget to bring?

(A) A credit card
(B) A confirmation number
(C) Some coupons
(D) Some identification
34. What does the man say he will do?

(A) Search a database
(B) Explain a contract
(C) Talk to a manager
(D) Prepare a shipment
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
35. Why did the man go to Amy's office?

(A) To request some time off
(B) To demonstrate a product
(C) To drop off some paperwork
(D) To schedule an appointment
36. Why is Amy unavailable?

(A) She is preparing to travel.
(B) She is speaking with a client.
(C) She is attending a seminar.
(D) She is working on a report.
37. What will the man most likely do next?

(A) Meet a colleague for lunch
(B) Conduct a training session
(C) Clean a meeting room
(D) Print some instructions
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__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 9 of 50
38. Why is the woman calling?
(A) To update an address
(B) To make a complaint
(C) To renew a subscription
(D) To inquire about employment
39. Why does the man apologize?

(A) A discount does not apply.
(B) A service agreement has ended.
(C) A business has closed.
(D) A security procedure has changed.
40. What does the man say he will do?

(A) Change a delivery time
(B) Send a document
(C) Speak with a supervisor
(D) Provide a phone number
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
41. Where do the speakers most likely work?

(A) At a manufacturing company
(B) At a grocery store
(C) At an employment agency
(D) At a shipping service
42. According to the men, what is causing a problem?

(A) Some workers have called in sick.
(B) A vehicle has broken down.
(C) A machine is operating slowly.
(D) The boxes are the wrong size.
43. What does the woman suggest?

(A) Checking a warranty
(B) Postponing an inspection
(C) Purchasing a different product
(D) Scheduling a repair
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
44. What are the speakers discussing?
(A) A new product
(B) A company merger
(C) Cost estimates
(D) Survey results
45. According to the man, what is the main problem?

(A) His team is unable to complete a project on time.
(B) Some employees did not receive a salary increase.
(C) There is too much noise in the office.
(D) There are not enough parking spaces.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 10 of 50
46. What does the woman suggest doing?
(A) Reminding people about a company policy
(B) Hiring some temporary staff
(C) Moving to a different building
(D) Speaking to the management team
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
47. What is the woman calling about?

(A) Processing a payment
(B) Printing invitations
(C) Hiring extra help
(D) Filling an order
48. What does the man imply when he says, "the request came directly from the client"?
(A) Some contact information is incorrect.
(B) A change is not possible.
(C) A worker is highly qualified.
(D) A fee has been discussed.
49. What does the woman say she will do?

(A) Revise a bill
(B) Set up a meeting
(C) Contact some businesses
(D) Pack some merchandise
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
50. What did the woman win a prize for?

(A) Having the highest sales numbers
(B) Providing excellent customer service
(C) Working at the company for ten years
(D) Reducing costs on a project
51. What will the woman do this weekend?

(A) Visit a branch office
(B) Attend a conference
(C) Join a fitness club
(D) Go on a vacation
52. What does the woman say she will do with the prize?
(A) Display it in her office
(B) Exchange it at the store
(C) Offer it to someone else
(D) Use it at a later date
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__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 11 of 50
53. Where does the conversation most likely take place?
(A) In a train station
(B) In a hotel
(C) In a theater
(D) In a computer store
54. Why does the man say, “This is my first visit here”?
(A) To explain his concern
(B) To provide an excuse
(C) To ask for permission
(D) To request a recommendation
55. Why does the woman recommend making a purchase on the Internet?
(A) More products are available.
(B) It is not necessary to wait in line.
(C) The price is reduced.
(D) Shipping is free.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
56. Which industry do the speakers most likely work in?

(A) Home construction
(B) Finance
(C) Web design
(D) Health care
57. What does the man recommend?

(A) Hiring an accountant
(B) Changing operating hours
(C) Purchasing office supplies
(D) Revising a timeline
58. What does the woman say she will do?

(A) Pick up an application
(B) Submit an invoice
(C) Schedule a workshop
(D) Make an appointment
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
59. Why is the woman at Regal Advertising?

(A) For a photography session
(B) For a client consultation
(C) For a job interview
(D) For a building opening
60. What does the woman say is her specialty?

(A) Researching international laws
(B) Creating designs for billboards
(C) Building a strong customer base
(D) Finding cost-efficient business solutions
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61. What does the woman say she appreciates about Regal?
(A) The company creates unique designs.
(B) The company has offices overseas.
(C) The company is dedicated to research.
(D) The company values its employees.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
62. What problem does the woman report?

(A) She forgot to bring a laptop.
(B) She is running late.
(C) A flight was overbooked.
(D) A guest speaker canceled.
63. Look at the graphic. Where are the speakers going?

(A) To Los Angeles
(B) To San Antonio
(C) To San Jose
(D) To Las Vegas
64. What does the woman ask the man to do?

(A) Postpone an event
(B) Borrow some equipment
(C) File a complaint
(D) Make a phone call
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__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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65. What problem does the woman mention?
(A) Some labels are incorrect.
(B) An item is unpopular.
(C) A shipment is delayed.
(D) More storage space is needed.
66. Look at the graphic. Which shelf will the man work on today?
(A) Shelf 1
(B) Shelf 2
(C) Shelf 3
(D) Shelf 4
67. What does the woman tell the man to do?

(A) Sign for a delivery
(B) Put price tags on some items
(C) Contact a different supplier
(D) Move a display table
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
68. What kind of business does the man want to start?

(A) A shop
(B) A restaurant
(C) A bank
(D) A farm
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69. What does the man say he learned from his previous business?
(A) How to apply for an operating permit
(B) How to negotiate a vendor contract
(C) How to make attractive advertisements
(D) How to identify potential customers
70. Look at the graphic. Which part of the business plan does the woman suggest revising?
(A) Part 2
(B) Part 3
(C) Part 4
(D) Part 5
Part 4
Directions: You will hear some talks given by a single speaker. You will be asked to answer three
questions about what the speaker says in each talk. Select the best response to each question and
mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet. The talks will not be printed in your test
book and will be spoken only one time.
71. What did the listener offer to do?

(A) Attend a meeting
(B) Go to New York
(C) Take care of the speaker's child
(D) Lend a personal item
72. What will happen in April?

(A) An annual conference
(B) A business merger
(C) A budget review
(D) A town meeting
73. What will the listener most likely inform the speaker about?
(A) The time of arrival
(B) The payment
(C) An event location
(D) A weekend schedule
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
74. Where most likely is this announcement being made?

(A) In a factory
(B) On an airplane
(C) At a bus terminal
(D) At an airport
75. What can listeners receive at the counter?

(A) A name tag
(B) A receipt
(C) A meal ticket
(D) Some refreshments
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76. What are listeners asked to do?
(A) Form a line
(B) Stay nearby
(C) Sign a document
(D) Present a ticket
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
77. Where most likely is the speaker?
(A) In a museum
(B) In a library
(C) In a lecture hall
(D) In a gift shop
78. According to the speaker, what is Dr. Simmons famous for?

(A) Writing best-selling books
(B) Making important discoveries
(C) Finding ancient buildings
(D) Conducting groundbreaking experiments
79. What does the speaker request that listeners do?

(A) Purchase a day pass
(B) Turn off a camera
(C) Refrain from using a flash
(D) Stay with the group
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
80. What is the speaker mainly discussing?
(A) A company picnic
(B) A job opportunity
(C) A new benefit
(D) Overseas expansion
81. According to the speaker, what can listeners do online?

(A) Find out a new payment
(B) Register for a workshop
(C) Remit a monthly payment
(D) Review a proposal
82. Why should some listeners contact Suzie Summers?

(A) To request a schedule change
(B) To obtain personal information
(C) To cancel a subscription
(D) To congratulate a co-worker
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83. Who most likely are the listeners?
(A) Lawyers
(B) Accountants
(C) Bankers
(D) Chefs
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 16 of 50
84. What does the woman mean when she says, "l know that you are all very busy"?
(A) She wants to organize a meeting.
(B) She needs more printers.
(C) She is recognizing their concerns.
(D) She isn't sure what to do.
85. What task does the speaker assign to the listeners?

(A) Spend a week with the interns
(B) Don't speak to the interns
(C) Write a training manual
(D) Report on sales figures
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
86. What product does the speaker's company sell?
(A) Electronics
(B) Food
(C) Clothing
(D) Apparel
87. What problem does the speaker describe?

(A) She thinks there is not a problem.
(B) Some products are not selling well.
(C) They have a new competitor.
(D) They will have to cut staff.
88. What does the woman mean when she says, "sit in on the meeting"?
(A) She will send employees an email.
(B) She wants employees to prepare a report.
(C) She wants employees to come to the meeting.
(D) She will have a conference call.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
89. What product does the speaker's company sell?
(A) Heating products
(B) Air conditioners
(C) Vacuum cleaners
(D) Magazines
90. According to the speaker, what happened last month?

(A) They signed a special contract.
(B) They bought out another company.
(C) They traded stocks.
(D) Their sales went down.
91. What does the man mean when he says "How about that?"
(A) He is confused about the situation.
(B) He is pleased with the results.
(C) He isn't happy.
(D) He wants to try to upgrade their computers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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92. What is indicated about Springfield Dance Troupe?
(A) They are changing the music they like.
(B) They are moving to a new location.
(C) They want to find a new swing class instructor.
(D) They are adding a new course.
93. Look at the graphic. What can you infer about the dance classes?
(A) They will be difficult.
(B) They are for beginners.
(C) Dance classes last for three hours.
(D) They are coed.
94. What does Springfield Dance Troupe invite the public to do?
(A) Come to their picnic
(B) See them in the concert hall downtown
(C) Watch them perform a hip-hop dance routine
(D) Say goodbye to Sally Jones
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Presidential Tailoring Pricing Structure

FIRST MEASUREMENTS ARE FREE
Men’s trousers $35*
Men’s jackets $150*
Women’s ensembles $130*
Women’s gowns $200*
*Prices may vary by choice and volume of
fabric chosen or required.
95. What is indicated in the advertisement?

(A) Presidential Tailoring is just getting started in their business.
(B) Jeffrey Frye is an experienced American tailor trained overseas.
(C) Presidential Tailors is having a big sale.
(D) They only have one tailor on staff.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 18 of 50
96. Look at the graphic. What is true about the pricing?
(A) It can change based upon what material people want.
(B) Women's gowns are popular.
(C) Most people choose the trousers because they are a good deal.
(D) Women's ensembles are overpriced.
97. What can you infer about Presidential Tailoring?

(A) They are a discount clothier.
(B) They work with leather.
(C) Their target market is children.
(D) They take a lot of pride in their work.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVOICE
Item Quantity Volume
discount
Foot Stools 36 3%
Chairs 12 0%
Small End Tables 117 5%
Large End Tables 24 5%
98. Look at the graphic. Which volume discounts are incorrect?

(A) Foot stools 3%
(B) Chairs 0%
(C) Small end tables 5%
(D) Large end tables 5%
99. What is the listener asked to do with the invoice?

(A) Change the Large end table orders to two dozen
(B) Make the invoice match the order
(C) Send the invoice to the factory for completion
(D) Send the invoice to accounting
100. What does the speaker anticipate will happen next?

(A) She will receive her order.
(B) She will receive a new invoice.
(C) She will have to place the order a third time.
(D) She will need to use a different supplier.
This is the end of the Listening test.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 19 of 50
READING TEST
In the Reading test, you will read a variety of texts and answer several different types of reading
comprehension questions. The entire Reading test will last 75 minutes. There are three parts and
directions are given for each part. You are encouraged to answer as many questions as possible
within the time allowed.
PART 5
Directions: A word or phrase is missing in each of the sentences below. Four answer choices (A),
(B), (C), or (D) are given below each sentence. Select the best answer to complete the sentence.
101. Exposa Company has announced that it is going to stop ___________ its sports gear.
(A) producing
(B) to produce
(C) produced
(D) produce
102. Keeping customer ___________ to a minimum is the job of everyone who works in the store.
(A) complain
(B) complaining
(C) complained
(D) complaints
103. Send your job application to New Start Association and we will send you a list of companies
with openings that most ___________ relate to your career experiences.
(A) closely
(B) closest
(C) closed
(D) closer
104. If your home needs ___________, we will talk to you about what we can offer you and how
it will be done.
(A) decorate
(B) decorating
(C) decorated
(D) to decorate
105. Mr. Wilrose can repair some machines, ___________ will be an asset in his position as
assembly line manager for northern Europe.
(A) which
(B) who
(C) whichever
(D) whoever
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106. The association was set up ___________ the aim of encouraging improved standards of
recording and publication.
(A) on
(B) with
(C) inside
(D) in
107. Should people have ___________ to the Internet, they can gather a wealth of information
from this global service and develop many aspects of their lives.
(A) access
(B) accessing
(C) accessed
(D) accessible
108. The admission committee has looked carefully through all the application materials that have
been received, and they have chosen several letters of ___________.
(A) notice
(B) interest
(C) frequency
(D) attention
109. The production manager should consider the quantity of output according to various
___________demands.
(A) seasoning
(B) seasoned
(C) seasonal
(D) seasons
110. It's hardly surprising that jobs in publishing often require workers to meet ___________
deadlines.
(A) tightly
(B) tight
(C) tightest
(D) tightness
111. Only shareholders or their named ___________ are able to cast a vote at the meeting to
determine the next chairman.
(A) equivalents
(B) representatives
(C) opponents
(D) subjects
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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112. You will not be eligible to attend your graduation ceremony if you have___________ debts to
the college.
(A) excellent
(B) outstanding
(C) admirable
(D) innovative
113. During the second quarter last year, ___________ at the East Asia division increased
dramatically.
(A) productive
(B) production
(C) productively
(D) produced
114. We ask that all K-mart customers use this questionnaire to give ___________ opinions about
the quality of our merchandise.
(A) they
(B) their
(C) theirs
(D) themselves
115. If you get into a car accident, write down all the relevant information and telephone your
insurance company to ___________ a claim.
(A) acquire
(B) exceed
(C) attach
(D) file
116. If you keep your good ___________ records, there will be some prizes awarded at the
graduation ceremony.
(A) attend
(B) attending
(C) attended
(D) attendance
117. In the April issue, the L.A. Times criticized one rival magazine for having reported
___________ and questionable information without any factual support.
(A) inaccurately
(B) inaccurate
(C) inaccuracy
(D) to be inaccurate
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 22 of 50
118. ___________ employees who wish to attend the International Oceanography Conference in
Miami should enroll by next month.
(A) Whose
(B) Which
(C) Those
(D) That
119. Please notify a branch office if there are any ___________ in your status as an employee of
Orion Consulting.
(A) variety
(B) alteration
(C) transform
(D) changes
120. While Tom is working at his home office, a more advanced printer will ___________ in the
training center.
(A) install
(B) be installed
(C) be installing
(D) have installed
121. Of the four applicants, she is best ___________ to the position that has to be filled soon.
(A) suitable
(B) suited
(C) suite
(D) suites
122. When you participate in out-of-town conferences, make room ___________ and don't
forget to ask whether the hotel will hold your reservation if you are late.
(A) accommodates
(B) accommodations
(C) accommodating
(D) accommodated
123. Attendees at today's meeting will be ___________ a complaint against the CEO's idea for the
next year's budget.
(A) generate
(B) generating
(C) to generate
(D) generated
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 23 of 50
124. All customers wishing to return or exchange items purchased from other store locations
should visit the customer service counter for ___________.
(A) assist
(B) assisting
(C) assisted
(D) assistance
125. Often the first task of any new employee is to try and fit in as ___________ as possible to
relieve some of the anxiety that comes with being in a new environment.
(A) quick
(B) quicker
(C) quickest
(D) quickly
126. If its ___________ had been more competitive, 21st Century Construction would have been
the main contractor.
(A) estimation
(B) estimate
(C) estimated
(D) estimating
127. Additional staff ___________ to the office for further case study to figure out what is going
on in the market.
(A) sent
(B) being sent
(C) were sent
(D) were sending
128. Requests ___________ be submitted at least two weeks in advance during summer vacation
season.
(A) ought
(B) need
(C) might
(D) must
129. According to the latest memorandum, all security personnel have been informed that they
are required to keep the main entrance ___________ at all times.
(A) lock
(B) locked
(C) locking
(D) locker
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 24 of 50
130. To obtain additional assistance in installing the software, customers may contact us by
telephone or e-mail, ___________ they prefer.
(A) whenever
(B) however
(C) whichever
(D) wherever
PART 6
Directions: Read the texts that follow. A word, phrase, or sentence is missing in parts of each
text. Four answer choices (A), (B), (C), or (D) for each question are given below the text. Select
the best answer to complete the text.
Questions 131-134 refer to the following advertisement.
International Goods Fair
If you want (131.) ___________ your packaged goods to an international audience, join the
8th annual International Goods Fair. The fair runs from March 5 to March 7 at the Galaxy
Convention in downtown New York. With over 200 booths (132.) ___________ by companies
from all over the world, you can make business connections while promoting your own products
to interested customers and businesses. The products should be mainly packaged foods ranging
(133.) ___________ desserts and snacks to canned meats and dried jerky. (134.)
___________ Spots are limited and going fast.
131. (A) promotion 133. (A) to

(B) promoting (B) for
(C) to promote (C) from
(D) have promoted (D) with
132. (A) represented 134. (A) Ice creams will not be allowed on the premises.
(B) expressed (B) You can sample items as you browse.
(C) delivered (C) You'll have a chance to promote your food of choice.
(D) revealed (D) Apply for a booth now before they're all taken.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 25 of 50
Questions 135-138 refer to the following notice.
From: Vice President Jordan Smith
To: K Group Employees
Subject: Company Renovations
Date: February 26
To all employees,
This weekend the renovations to our second-floor offices (135.) ___________. We ask that
you take home all important documents and file away any loose materials on your desks. All
electronic devices should be turned off and unplugged. (136.) ___________, all cabinets and
drawers should be locked.
The renovations will take approximately 5 days. (137.) ___________ If you have any meetings
scheduled with clients next week, please schedule to meet them outside the company premises
due to the noise. We apologize for the inconvenience but we ask for your (138.) ___________.
Thank you.
135. (A) has began

(B) will begin
(C) beginning
(D) begun
136. (A) Furthermore

(B) As a consequence
(C) Because
(D) Therefore
137. (A) If it takes longer, we will notify you.

(B) All business will be suspended until the renovations end.
(C) During this time, your temporary workspace will be the first-floor conference room.
(D) Your office space will look new and improved after the renovations.
138. (A) service

(B) association
(C) connection
(D) cooperation
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 26 of 50
Attorney Opening
Johnson, Johnson, and Kindness PLC have an immediate position available for a contract
attorney. The ideal candidate would have at least three years of experience
(139.) ___________ with complex business transactions. (140.) ___________ The types
of contract work that we (141.) ___________ at Johnson, Johnson, and Kindness deal
exclusively with business relationships between private companies and the government. If
(142.) ___________ feel that you would be qualified to join our team, please e-mail our
HR manager at JJC@law.com.
139. (A) working

(B) work
(C) to work
(D) worked
140. (A) Government experience would also be a plus.

(B) Working with children would help your resume.
(C) Experience with animals is essential.
(D) Working with disabled people is a bonus.
141. (A) perform

(B) achieve
(C) allow
(D) transform
142. (A) you

(B) I
(C) us
(D) they
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 27 of 50
Date: August 22
To: All Sales Team Members
From: Melinda Lackey, Sales Manager
Subject: Rental Policy
For some (143.) ___________, we allowed sales reps to pay for their car rentals up front with
their personal cards or cash and then be reimbursed later. This is no longer the policy. It has not
been the policy for over two months now. As of June 15, all payments for rentals were supposed
to have (144.) ___________ with the company card that was assigned to each of you. Larry in
accounting has informed me that he has received 6 different reimbursement forms since then. I
have gone ahead and allowed Larry to process those 6 forms. (145.) ___________ I'm sorry for
the (146.) ___________ tone, but everyone was asked to do this in July. If you have any
questions, please contact me directly.
143. (A) distances

(B) place
(C) event
(D) time
144. (A) making

(B) to be made
(C) makes
(D) been made
145. (A) Only Fonitna Rental should be used to book cars in the future.
(B) But, as of tomorrow, no one will be reimbursed.
(C) He will redesign the form by the beginning of next week.
(D) Everyone is required to turn in their cards as soon as possible.
146. (A) overreaching

(B) gracious
(C) benevolent
(D) harsh
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 28 of 50
PART 7
Directions: In this part you will read a selection of texts, such as magazines and newspaper
articles, e-mails, and instant messages. Each text or set of texts is followed by several questions.
Select the best answer for each question.
Questions 147-148 refer to the following invitation.
Eco-Pupulae Gamma Society

www.eco-populae.com
Members are encouraged to be present for next week's inspirational talk hosted by Ms.
Rocelle Wings. It will be entitled "The World in the Future." Mr. Carl Lewis will deliver his
different concepts about the topic. Mr. Kim, who is the head of the society, personally
chose him to be the guest speaker because of his brilliant vision towards ecology. Also,
proper ways to conserve the environment will be discussed among the participants.
A short brunch will follow after the lecture at PCA Development Center, where the talk
will be held. This newly renovated building was partially financed by the group members.
Some famous dignitaries such as the city mayor and previous presidents of the society
will also be invited.
147. Who is invited to talk to the members?
(A) Mr. Carl Lewis

(B) Mr. Kim
(C) Ms. Rocelle Wings
(D) The city mayor
148. What will be discussed in the speech?
(A) Plans to reconstruct the building

(B) Election results for the president
(C) Preservation of the environment
(D) Long-term projects of the society
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 29 of 50
Questions 149-150 refer to the following article.
Deutsche Motors, Inc. has recently released the Jaguar FX956 in the international market.
In a car exhibit held in Bangkok, Thailand, the Deutsche president, Mr. Colin Weiss, spoke
about its new model. According to him, this car is the renovated edition of the Cougar
TY1, Lynx PO6, and the very famous Leon GH20. Many press reporters and car enthusiasts
gave their comments about the Jaguar FX956 during the Bangkok Car Show, and
Mr. Weiss heard a lot of positive comments.
From its powerful engine and interior features, the Jaguar FX956 is a vehicle for business
executives. This $1 million Deutsche vehicle which has a 4-seater capacity is a rival against
the top-ranking cars of rival companies worldwide.
Visit the authorized Deutsche car showroom near you and experience a unique kind of
relaxation from the Jaguar, FX956.
149. Why is the article written?
(A) To criticize Deutsche cars

(B) To change the place of the car exhibit
(C) To announce a new car to the market
(D) To complain about a car's defective features
150. What is NOT a feature of the Jaguar FX956?
(A) The appearance of the car is so slim.

(B) It received many affirmative evaluations.
(C) It can accommodate only 4 persons.
(D) It is an expensive car.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 30 of 50
Questions 151-152 refer to the following advertisement.
PAST
Last year, a team from the Global Software Engineers Society designed a new
recording system for the National Museum in Rhoana City.
PRESENT
This year, the museum is undergoing further development by adopting the computer
software that has the ability to file relevant data about all the artifacts in the museum.
This new product is beneficial not only for the museum employees, but also for
archeologists.
FUTURE
In the future, the museum will be known to the public through an advanced computer
program that will be used. This software will allow local and foreign tourists visiting
its website to grasp information about the museum's collections, features, and
activities. This system can also be useful in schools and universities, especially for
those who study and specialize in ancient culture, archeology, and law.
151. What product is being advertised?
(A) A very complex wrist watch

(B) The smallest cellular phone
(C) The biggest computer in the world
(D) A database system that can file artifact information
152. For whom is this product especially made?

(A) Museum personnel and experts in the field of archeology
(B) Children of the museum staff
(C) Global engineers
(D) Computer technicians
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 31 of 50
Questions 153-154 refer to the following report.
The ginkgo tree originates from China and has survived for 200 million years. It was
introduced throughout Europe over 200 years ago and is now used as an ornamental
tree. The leaves of the ginkgo tree are valued not just for their graceful fan shape
but also for the extract derived from them. Studies have shown that ginkgo extract,
with effects that are compared to garlic, promotes increased blood flow, especially in
the arteries and capillaries of the brain.
153. How do people use the ginkgo tree?
(A) To provide areas shade

(B) To make vitamins
(C) For decorative landscaping
(D) To make Chinese fans
154. What is special about the ginkgo extract?
(A) It promotes strong hair and nails.

(B) It tastes like garlic.
(C) It is a source of nutrition.
(D) It provides medical benefits.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 32 of 50
Questions 155-157 refer to the following e-mail.
To: Department Managers

From: Margaret Langley
Date: December 27
Subject: Extended-absence greeting
Attachment: Sample message #5
Dear Managers,
In preparation for the upcoming holiday when offices will be closed, I'd like to remind you
that company policy requires each of our departments to replace the traditional greeting
on their voice messaging systems with an extended-absence greeting that will play next
week when callers are diverted to voice mail. This will involve making a new recording,
saving it to the system, and programming the system to activate the recording at the close
of our business day on Friday. Once you activate the extended-absence greeting, it will
override the traditional greeting through the holiday.
The attached document contains the text of the greeting you should record. This is the
same text we have used in the past, but as usual, the dates have been changed to reflect
the current closure. Please use this document to record your holiday greeting. Make sure
you activate it before you leave for the day on Friday.
155. What is the subject of the e-mail?
(A) A newly established company policy

(B) An improved way to access voice mail
(C) A procedure related to a holiday closing
(D) A change to the traditional shift schedule
156. What is included as an attachment?
(A) A script to be read aloud

(B) A flyer announcing a company event
(C) Instructions for installing a new phone
(D) Transcripts of recorded customer calls
157. What is indicated in the e-mail about the attached document?
(A) It is ready for publication.

(B) It is distributed annually.
(C) It is handed out to customers.
(D) It is intended only for new employees.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 33 of 50
Kimfor
Marketing
Solutions
Thank you for your purchase of Kimfor Marketing Solutions e-mail software. We are
confident that this product will help you to develop your business.
As an added bonus, we are pleased to announce that free training is offered for all
of our products. These short but effective online seminars are a great opportunity
for businesses that are new to our products to ensure that they are utilizing the
software to its full potential.
Our instructors are professionals who have used our tools to grow their own
businesses. For more information and to make a reservation for a seminar, please
visit our Web site at kimformarketingsolutions.com/seminarsignup.
158. What is one purpose of the notice?
(A) To inform customers about a service

(B) To discuss a new product line
(C) To introduce a marketing instructor
(D) To remind customers of an upcoming deadline
159. According to the notice, what qualification do instructors share?
(A) They have worked for the company for many years.
(B) They are experienced users of the e-mail software.
(C) They participated in designing the software.
(D) They work in the marketing department.
160. The word "grow" in paragraph 3, line 1, is closest in meaning to
(A) become
(B) expand
(C) produce
(D) move
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 34 of 50
Chef and lifestyle coach Lana Watson has announced her first foray into cosmetics with the
launch of a new skin care business. Her Summer Garden skin care line consists solely of
products made from organic ingredients and features extracts from plants, fruits, and
vegetables. ----- [1] -----.
"I've always served the healthiest possible food in my restaurant," said Ms. Watson. "Natural
ingredients nourish our health and beauty from the inside out. ----- [2] -----. My skin care
line utilizes only the vitamins and proteins in foods, such as spinach and cucumber, and
combines them to create powerful moisturizers and cleansers that are free from artificial
chemicals. ----- [3] -----."
Summer Garden products are suitable for those with dry, sensitive, or combination skin and
will be available online and at select retail stores beginning this September. ----- [4] -----.
161. What is the article mainly about?
(A) Local organic farms

(B) Online shopping trends
(C) A new business venture
(D) A company merger
162. What is indicated about Summer Garden products?
(A) They are suitable for all ages.

(B) They are available for purchase now.
(C) They are relatively inexpensive.
(D) They contain no artificial ingredients.
163. In which of the positions marked [1], [2], [3], and [4] does the following sentence
best belong?
"It seemed logical to then create products to nurture our skin from the outside in."
(A) [1]
(B) [2]
(C) [3]
(D) [4]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 35 of 50
Road Closure on Friday
Because of the upcoming Water Festival starting on Friday, large crowds are
expected to move from the city center to River Park throughout the day. The city
plans to close Central Boulevard between our building and River Park in order to
facilitate pedestrian traffic. Read carefully to plan your Friday commute.
• Cars. The company's garage will not be accessible because of the closing of
Central Boulevard between 8:00 A.M. and 8:00 PM. If you choose to drive and
arrive before 8:00 A.M., you will be unable to leave until after 8:00 PM. Increased
traffic in the area is expected to cause delays, which will affect those planning to
park elsewhere.
• Bicycles. The bicycle parking station across the street from our building will be
closed. Bicycle travel is expected to be challenging throughout the day.
• Walking. Walkers will have full building access but may want to plan to use
Hudson Road to avoid large crowds. The back entrance to the building will remain
open through 8:00 P.M. for those choosing to use our Hudson Road entrance.
• Buses. Central Boulevard buses will most likely be crowded and will stop several
blocks from our building, but they should otherwise operate on schedule.
Ontas employees are encouraged to work remotely if possible but should notify their
supervisors in advance of their plan.
164. What is suggested about the Water Festival?
(A) It is an annual event.

(B) It is seeking volunteers.
(C) It is hosted by Ontas.
(D) It will take place at River Park.
165. What is indicated about Hudson Road?

(A) It will be reserved for shuttle buses.
(B) It will be used for free parking next Saturday.
(C) It will be a useful detour for employees.
(D) It needs to be repaved.
166. What method of travel to the Ontas building is least likely to experience disruption?
(A) Car
(B) Bicycle
(C) Walking
(D) Bus
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 36 of 50
167. What are employees encouraged to do?
(A) Claim discount tickets to the festival

(B) Notify their supervisor if working off-site
(C) Arrive to work an hour early
(D) Schedule vacation time in advance
Boulland to Penalize Wholesalers
(Oct. 5) - Laboratory equipment retailer Boulland reported today that, as part of a push for
greater inventory control, it will begin charging its wholesale suppliers penalties if they do
not meet agreed-upon delivery windows at least 90 percent of the time.
"There is a significant financial cost when we do not maintain an optimal amount of
stock on our shelves," says Joca Galvan, Boulland's chief receiving officer. "So it is critical
that our suppliers deliver their goods as soon as our stores need them. We have had them
sign updated service agreements with these new terms clearly stated."
While suppliers understand Boulland's goal of timely delivery, some say imposing
charges will not solve the problem unless challenges faced by suppliers are also taken into
account.
"There are situations when on-time delivery is out of our control," says Enrique Zapata,
a shipping supervisor at one of Boulland's suppliers. "My company often struggles to fulfill
orders on time when retailers fail to notify us before their inventories fall to critically low
levels. Last minute adjustments to orders are a significant cause of delayed delivery."
Mr. Zapata insists that if Boulland were to adopt better communication strategies, the
issue could be readily resolved. Boulland, however, intends to move forward with its plan and
reassess it next year.
168. According to the article, what action by a supplier could result in a penalty?
(A) Missing delivery deadlines

(B) Packaging items improperly
(C) Mislabeling product shipments
(D) Failing to report inventory updates
169. The word "terms" in paragraph 2, line 4, is closest in meaning to
(A) conditions
(B) periods
(C) reports
(D) figures
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 37 of 50
170. What is suggested about Boulland's plan?
(A) The company's leadership must approve the details.

(B) The publicity will be good for business.
(C) Suppliers are eager to put it into action.
(D) Further actions may be necessary.
171. Why does Mr. Zapata mention communication strategies?
(A) To question a marketing decision

(B) To propose a new marketing idea
(C) To offer advice about improving job satisfaction
(D) To suggest a solution to supply problems
Questions 172-175 refer to the following online discussion chain.
Manuel Sagese (1:02 P.M.): Hi, team. All my papers got soaked in the rainstorm.
The notes on the job ad for the Accounting Department Manager position are mostly
illegible. Can you remind me of the other requirements?
Anna Geisler (1:03 P.M.): What information do you need?
Manuel Sagese (1:04 P.M.): Here is what I can still read. The candidate needs at
least five years of experience. Must have managerial experience. Must be skilled in
collaborating with teams and motivating employees. What else?
Maya Teodros (1:05 P.M.): And the person must have worked for another marketing
firm, preferably one similar in size to ours.
Manuel Sagese (1:07 P.M.): Got it. What is the start date of the job?
Maya Teodros (1:07 P.M.): The candidate has to be highly proficient with
management software, specifically Quantratio and Occulife.
Anna Geisler (1:11 PM.): The job starts August 20. Interviews begin in three weeks.
I think that's it.
Manuel Sagese (1:12 P.M.): Thanks, everyone! Expect a draft of the job
announcement in an hour or two. When résumés start coming in, I'll pick the candidates
to interview. Correct?
Anna Geisler (1:14 P.M.): Correct. You will be busy with that, so I can take a couple
of your client meetings.
Maya Teodros (1:15 PM.): Laura agreed to help the new hire with the transition into
her old job for the first couple of days. She starts her new position on August 23.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 38 of 50
172. Where do the writers most likely work?
(A) At a shipping agency

(B) At a staffing agency
(C) At a marketing firm
(D) At a financial firm
173. At 1:04 PM., what does Mr. Sagese most likely mean when he writes, "What else?"
(A) He wants to know whether others were caught in the rain.

(B) He wants new copies of documents that were damaged.
(C) He wants to learn which other jobs they will advertise.
(D) He wants the others to remind him of more job requirements.
174. What is NOT a requirement for the position being discussed?
(A) Starting the job within three weeks

(B) Working effectively with colleagues
(C) Experience as a manager
(D) Expertise in specific computer programs
175. What is suggested about Laura?
(A) She will interview people applying for the job.

(B) She currently manages the accounting department.
(C) She works for an outside consulting firm.
(D) She drafted the original job advertisement.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 39 of 50
Questions 176-180 refer to the following e-mail and receipt.
E-MAIL MESSAGE
From: <promotions@aledonshoes.com>
To: Grant Hudec
Date:
January 29
Subject: Aledon Shoes Huckley
Dear Mr. Hudec,
We are pleased to announce that, after two years of rapid growth online, Aledon Shoes is launching its
first offline location. Aledon Shoes Huckley, located on fashionable Tarpey Street, will open its doors
this Saturday. As a loyal customer in the Huckley region, we wanted you to be among the first to know
about this exciting development. Come by on opening weekend to collect a free Shoe Cleaner Set with
any purchase!
But even if you can't visit us so soon, we encourage you to stop in later between 10 A.M. and 7 P.M.,
Tuesdays through Sundays. An authority on footwear design will always be on hand to give you an in-
person consultation. And, as a proud member of the Huckley City Chamber of Commerce, we'll offer a
standing 10% discount to holders of Huckley City Commerce Preferred Customer Cards.
We hope to see you soon.
Sincerely,
Alisa Shipp
CEO, Aledon Shoes
Order Receipt
Aledon Shoes Huckley
907 Tarpey Street
Customer name: Grant Hudec Date: February 3

Customer #: 000325 Salesclerk: Jillian Stafford
Thank you for shopping at Aledon Shoes Huckley. We will construct the items below using the
specifications listed and the sizing measurements we have taken. You may pick up your order
on or after Monday, February 11.
Model Information Quantity Price Per Unit Total

#
5439 Premium Leather Dress Shoes; 1 $121.00 $121.00
black with black stitching
8167 Canvas Sneakers; navy with 1 $108.00 $108.00

white soles
3402 1 0.00 $0.00

Shoe Cleaner Set
Discount - $0.00
Total Amount Due $229.00
Amount Received - $229.00
Balance Due $0.00
Payment type: _______ Credit Card _______ Cash _______ Other
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 40 of 50
176. What is mainly being advertised in the e-mail?
(A) A seasonal sale

(B) A line of merchandise
(C) A customer loyalty card
(D) A grand opening
177. According to the e-mail, what is available to Aledon Shoes Huckley customers?
(A) Advice from a specialist

(B) Footwear repair
(C) A 3D foot-scanning device
(D) A variety of matching accessories
178. What is NOT mentioned about Aledon Shoes Huckley?
(A) It is closed one day per week.

(B) It sells custom-made shoes.
(C) It operates a home delivery service.
(D) It grew out of an Internet business.
179. What is indicated about the purchased items?
(A) Ms. Stafford gift-wrapped them.

(B) They are in an extra-narrow width.
(C) They are made of the same material.
(D) Mr. Hudec did not receive them on February 3.
180. What is implied about Mr. Hudec?
(A) He shopped during a sales promotion.

(B) He carries a local commerce card.
(C) He used to reside on Tarpey Street.
(D) He paid for his purchases with cash.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 41 of 50
Questions 181-185 refer to the following Web page and e-mail.
http://www.pursifull.com/businesses
Home For businesses For jobseekers Contact
Pursifull
Labour When You Need It
Pursifull is proud to provide labour hire services to warehouses and factories throughout
southeastern Canada. Under this system, our employees (called "insourced employees") work
on your site and under your direction for as long as necessary. Many of them have worked
for us for years, and our thorough reference-checking system ensures that new insourced
employees already have experience in your industry as well. All are kept up-to-date on
occupational safety and health regulations.
Should you decide to engage our services, a consultant will come to your work site and discuss
with you the duties that insourced employees must perform. After selecting suitable employees
who are already on our payroll, we will recruit additional workers to fill any remaining gaps
via job postings on our "For jobseekers" page. Qualified candidates then undergo our efficient
hiring and education procedures. The entire process can take as little as a week, depending
on the number of workers needed.
Ready to become one of Pursifull's many satisfied clients? Click "Contact" above.
E-MAIL MESSAGE
From: Tonya Rossman
To: Kiyoshi Blaine
Date:
25 October
Subject: Request
Dear Kiyoshi,
Hello again from Lona Warehousing! As promised, we're requesting another group of insourced
workers from Pursifull. I hope it's all right to contact you like this instead of going through the
company Web site. I thought it might be quicker to go directly to the consultant who managed our
first agreement.
This time, we need extra warehouse staff to handle the large volume of stock that will be coming
and going during the holiday shopping season. Please find five stock associates who can work in
our Toronto warehouse from mid-November to the end of December. The specifications of these
positions are the same as before. Let me know what further details or action you'll need.
Thanks,
Tonya Rossman
Human Resources Department, Lona Warehousing
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 42 of 50
181. What is NOT indicated about insourced employees?
(A) They are given safety education.

(B) They have relevant work experience.
(C) They have provided job references.
(D) They are sent all over the country.
182. In the Web page, the word "direction" in paragraph 1, line 3, is closest in meaning to
(A) route
(B) evidence
(C) oversight
(D) recovery
183. According to the Web page, what can be found on Pursifull's Web site?
(A) Job advertisements

(B) Learning resources
(C) Résumés posted by jobseekers
(D) A list of current clients
184. What is implied about Mr. Blaine?
(A) He will train some stock associates.

(B) He was transferred to the Toronto branch of Pursifull.
(C) He will need over a week to fulfill a request.
(D) He has been inside a Lona Warehousing facility.
185. What reason does Ms. Rossman give for her request?
(A) Anticipation of an annual busy period

(B) Difficulty with staffing a new warehouse
(C) The malfunctioning of some machines
(D) The departure of some employees
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 43 of 50
Questions 186-190 refer to the following Web page, e-mail, and article.
http://www.auengineeringconference.co.au/seminars/2204
Australia Civil Engineering Conference

Seminar Schedule for Friday, 19 June
Click on underlined titles for further information.
9 A.M. - 10:20 A.M. "Energy-Efficient Railways"

Sang-Woo Jeong, South Korea
Wing C, Room 102
10:40 A.M. - 12 P.M. "Materials and Durability”

Elsa Koenig, Germany
Wing C, Room 105
1:30 P.M. - 2:50 P.M. "Ethics in Civil Engineering" (Additional fee:AU$30)

Jirou Shields, Australia
Wing C, Room 103
3:10 P.M. - 4:30 P.M. "Improving Water Supply Systems"

Sylvia Watson, Canada
Wing C, Room 102
E-MAIL MESSAGE
From: Nigel Rollins
To: Wendy Vincent
Date:
19 June
Subject: Question
Hi Wendy,
I'm at the Australia Civil Engineering Conference, as you know, and I'm writing to get your opinion
on a proposal. Right now, I'm sitting in a seminar about high-performance concrete and other new
construction materials. I think we might want to incorporate some of them into the Storvick Bridge
project. They could solve the problem we're having with the land on the Gouldley side of the river.
When the seminar ends, I'd like to ask the speaker to act as a consultant for the bridge committee.
What do you think?
Please get back to me soon, because I don't have much time left for that kind of networking. My
train departs early this evening.
Thanks,
Nigel
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 44 of 50
Storvick Bridge Opens to the Public
SYDNEY (22 April) - Cricket fans now have more ways to get to the Wendell Cup final that
will take place next month. Storvick Bridge, which opened to pedestrian and bicycle traffic
with a small ceremony yesterday, connects West Cricket Ground with the Cressell
neighborhood across the Gilmour River.
The bridge's beautifully-patterned railings enhance visitors' views of the river, while a 25-
metre segment at its midpoint can rotate 90 degrees to give a clear way for tall ships to
pass through. Local residents and enterprises also appreciate that it links two major cycling
paths.
Storvick Bridge represents a great improvement to the region's infrastructure, and will
benefit its economy long after the Wendell Cup is over.
186. On the Web page, what is suggested about "Improving Water Supply Systems"?
(A) It takes place in the same room as another seminar.

(B) There is an extra fee to register for it.
(C) The speaker is from Australia.
(D) It was originally scheduled for a different day.
187. Whose seminar was Mr. Rollins attending when he wrote the e-mail?
(A) Mr. Jeong's

(B) Ms. Koenig's
(C) Mr. Shields's
(D) Ms. Watson's
188. What does Mr. Rollins mention he intends to do in the evening?
(A) Conduct a seminar

(B) Leave a conference
(C) Speak to an event coordinator
(D) Go to a networking dinner
189. What is probably true about West Cricket Ground?
(A) It is located in Gouldley.

(B) It was built recently.
(C) It always hosts the Wendell Cup.
(D) It is near a conference complex.
190. What is indicated about Storvick Bridge?
(A) It has two lanes for automobiles.

(B) Its railings are decorated with model ships.
(C) It was named for a popular cricket player.
(D) Its center section is movable.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 45 of 50
Questions 191-195 refer to the following e-mail, notification message, and article.
To: Linda Hooper <lhooper@kelevac.com>

From: Ivan Metcalf <imetcalf@kelevac-hr.com>
Date: August 23
Subject: Re: Incentive program
Dear Ms. Hooper,
We have received your inquiry concerning Kelevac's new incentive program that gives paid
time off for employees who participate in volunteer projects. The information you requested
will be made available to the Ormesfield branch at an all-staff information session on
September 3. Coordinator Ezra Gaffney will lead the presentation and address your questions
afterward on that day.
Thank you for your interest in this initiative.
Regards,
Ivan Metcalf
Human Resources Coordinator
Your Time-Off Request Has Been Approved
Name: Linda Hooper Department: Finance

Start Date: October 13 Time: 1 P.M.
End Date: October 13 Time: 5 P.M.
Total Hours: 4
Type of Time Off: Volunteer Time Off
Comments: I will use the time to help with an event that United Ormesfield is holding
on that day. I have not previously used any Volunteer Time Off.
Reviewed by: Olivia Clark

Date: October 11
Approved: Yes ✓ No
Comments: Please give notice at least five days in advance next time. Also, remember
that you must print out the "Volunteer Service Confirmation Form", have it signed by a
member of the organization you are assisting, and submit it to me. Remaining Volunteer
Time Off for this year: 36 hours.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 46 of 50
Kelevac Gives Back to the Community
ORMESFIELD (October 30) - Ormesfield is now reaping the benefits of a new policy recently
adopted by Kelevac. The pharmaceuticals giant, which is based in Thielberg, decided in August
to allow its staff one week of paid leave to engage in volunteer work. Many of the 200 employees,
working at its Ormesfield branch are taking advantage of the opportunity.
According to Chris Jimenez, an official at the branch, Kelevac employees have volunteered for
Ormesfield Beach clean-up efforts and helped United Ormesfield put on an auction earlier this
month to raise money for its community food bank.
Tristan Liu, a quality assurance assistant, has signed up for a program providing tutoring for
struggling students at Ormesfield schools. "I just completed the orientation process, and I can't
wait to get started," he said.
Mr. Jimenez predicts that the number of volunteers will continue to grow as employees hear about
their coworkers’ rewarding experiences.
191. What is the purpose of the e-mail?
(A) To report on the success of an initiative

(B) To thank Ms. Hooper for signing up for a program
(C) To urge Ms. Hooper to wait for some information
(D) To suggest volunteering to give a presentation
192. In the notification message, the word “holding" in paragraph 1, line 1, is closest in
meaning to
(A) presiding over

(B) remaining true
(C) grasping
(D) enduring
193. What did Ms. Hooper most likely do during her time off?
(A) Cleaned up a local beach

(B) Organized shelves in a food bank
(C) Joined an orientation session
(D) Assisted with a fundraiser
194. What does the article indicate about Kelevac?
(A) Its headquarters are in Ormesfield.

(B) Its staff are eligible for a week of vacation leave.
(C) It acquired another company in August.
(D) It is in a healthcare-related industry.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 47 of 50
195. What is probably true about Mr. Liu?
(A) He replied to an e-mail from Mr. Metcalf.

(B) He attended a meeting led by Mr. Gaffney.
(C) He is a member of Mr. Jimenez's department.
(D) He finished high school in Ormesfield.
Questions 196-200 refer to the following Web page, form, and e-mail.
http://www.underbrinktours.com/tours-by-theme/city-tour-b
Home Attractions Tours by Tours by FAQ
Overview Theme Length
City Tour B
As one of our two-day general city tours, City Tour B affords a comprehensive introduction to
Underbrink in a relatively short time. It offers all the same activities as City Tour A, but requires
participants to arrange their own accommodations. They are picked up and dropped off at Lowis
Station, which is near many major hotels.
City Tour B starts with a walk through Underbrink's historical Bristaw neighborhood. An afternoon
visit to Schimming Hill, the home of Beth Estepp, will delight fans of her novels, while giving plenty
to see to non-fans as well. In the evening, participants will cruise down the Staylen River. The second
day boasts a trip to the Denato Art Museum and a bus ride through nearby Staylen Valley. Each of
these activities is led by a different specialist guide, leaving the tour director free to assist tour
participants as necessary. Throughout the tour, various lunch and dinner options are provided.
The price of this tour varies depending on the season. Click here to see information on pricing and
availability.
Underbrink Tours Customer Satisfaction Survey

Tour: City Tour A Name: Asa Sloman
Poor Fair Good Excellent

Accommodations X
Activities X
Guides X
Meals X
Transportation X
Comments:
I had some trouble with the heaviness of the food. In particular, the lunch we had in Bristaw made
me feel so unwell that I had to rest in the hotel instead of going to Schimming Hill. But all of the
activities that I did participate in were very enjoyable. I think it's great that you have specialist
guides. Each one really knew a lot about their subject. I certainly plan to recommend Underbrink
Tours to friends.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 48 of 50
*E-MAIL*
From: Lance Ntchobo <l.ntchobo@underbrinktours.com>
To: All tour guides
Date: April 27
Subject: Survey results
Hi everyone,
The customer survey forms we've been collecting have now given us a good sense of
customers' opinions about our offerings. First, I'm happy to tell you all that you're
consistently praised for your deep understanding of the attractions on our tours. Well done!
That said, there have been some comments about your explanations lacking excitement and
humor. I'm hoping we can all meet in our offices on Monday, May 9, at 4 P.M. to talk about
ways to resolve this issue. Please respond to this e-mail to confirm your attendance.
Sincerely,
Lance Ntchobo
Executive Director, Underbrink Tours
196. What is indicated about City Tour B?
(A) It begins with a tour of Lowis Station.

(B) It does not include lodging.
(C) It is longer than City Tour A.
(D) It is not administered in every season.
197. Which activity was Mr. Sloman unable to participate in?
(A) An outdoor walking tour

(B) An evening river cruise
(C) A visit to a famous house
(D) An art museum outing
198. What is suggested about Mr. Sloman?
(A) He has made plans to meet friends in Underbrink.

(B) His opinion of the guides is mostly shared by others.
(C) His survey form was submitted on April 26.
(D) He had a special meal option during his tour.
199. In the e-mail, the word "sense" in paragraph 1, line 1, is closest in meaning to
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 49 of 50
(A) capacity
(B) logic
(C) doubt
(D) idea
200. What does Mr. Ntchobo want to discuss at a meeting?
(A) How to make tours more entertaining

(B) Who can give a tour of a new attraction
(C) Whether to change the order of an itinerary
(D) Why the number of customers is decreasing
Stop! This is the end of the test.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 50 of 50
SKILL PRACTICE 2 – LISTENING (PART 1) & READING (PART 5)
I. LISTENING - PART 1: PHOTOGRAPHS
Overview
In Part 1 of the TOEIC test, you will see photos and hear statements about them. There
are a total of ten photos. For each photo, you will hear four statements about the
photo. One of the statements gives true information about the photo. The other three
statements are incorrect in some way. These incorrect answer options are called
distracters. You must choose the statement that gives the correct information. You will
see the photos, but you will only hear the statements. The statements are not written
anywhere on the page, so you must listen to them carefully.
The photos show scenes of everyday life in places such as:

● Offices ● Hotels
● Restaurants ● Stores
● Airports and airplanes ● Streets
● Train stations and trains ● Parks
The photos may focus on objects and their location or on people and their activities.
Photos of people show them involved in everyday and business activities, such as:
● Meetings and conferences ● Shopping
● Desk work ● Traveling
● Phone conversations ● Checking into a hotel
● Eating ● Playing sports
Strategy Review
Remember, in the test...

● Quickly preview the photographs before you hear the statements. Ask yourself
Where? What? Who? Look for and identify any important details.
● Listen carefully to all four statements before making your decision.
● While you listen, eliminate any answers that you are sure are wrong.
● If you are not sure about the answer, don't waste time. Decide quickly!
● As soon as you answer, move on and preview the next photograph.
A. Statement Types
🞒 Statements about Activities
Some statements in Part 1 describe an activity in the photo. These statements often use
the present continuous tense: be + verb + -ing.
● They're shaking hands.
● He's reading the menu.
● The doctor is talking with the patient.
● She's buying a train ticket.
Look at the photos. Think of verbs that describe the activity you see.
🞒 Statements about Condition
Some statements in Part 1 describe the condition of objects in the scene-what they are,
where they are, or what they are like. These statements may use the expression there
is/are or the verbs is/are or has/have.
● There are books on the shelf.
● The door is open.
● The house has two windows.
Look at each photo and the list of words next to it. Circle the words for the objects that
you see in the photo. Then listen to two statements. Mark the letter of the statement
that correctly describes the photo. [ 01]
🞒 Statements About Location
Some statements in Part 1 describe the location of objects or people in the photograph.
These statements use prepositions of place, such as in, on, under, over, above, next to,
beside, between, behind, and in front of.
● The computer is on the desk.
● The glass is next to the man's hand.
● The car is in front of the building.

Prepositions of location describe where things are. Here are some common prepositions.
Complete each sentence with a preposition that correctly describes the photo. The
preposition may be a phrase, and there may be more than one correct answer.
B. Practice Exercises
Exercise 1:
Directions: Look at each photo. You will hear four statements about the photo. The
statements are not in your book. Mark the letter of the statement that best describes
the photo. You will hear each statement only once. [ 02]
Exercise 2:
Directions: For each question in this part, you will hear four statements about a picture
in your test book. When you hear the statements, you must select the one statement
that best describes what you see in the picture. Then find the number of the question
on your answer sheet and mark your answer. The statements will not be printed in
your test book and will be spoken only one time. [ 03]
Exercise 3:
Directions: For each question in this part, you will hear four statements about a picture
in your test book. When you hear the statements, you must select the one statement
that best describes what you see in the picture. Then find the number of the question
on your answer sheet and mark your answer. The statements will not be printed in
your test book and will be spoken only one time. [ 04]
II. READING - PART 5: INCOMPLETE SENTENCES
Overview
In Part 5 of the Reading Test, you will read sentences and complete them. There is a
total of 30 items in this part of the test. For each sentence, you will choose among four
answer options to complete the sentence. The sentence topics focus on common
business and everyday themes. The sentences focus on different types of language
issues.
Part 5 sentences may deal with themes such as:
● Offices issues ● Transportation
● Financial issues ● Tourism
● Sales and marketing ● Dining out
● Business transactions ● Entertainment
● Schedules ● Weather
Part 5 items may focus on grammar issues such as:
● Verb tense ● Transition words
● Verb form ● Comparative adjectives
● Subject-verb agreement ● Adverbs
● Pronouns ● Time clauses
● Prepositions ● Conditionals
Part 5 items may focus on vocabulary issues such as:
● Word families (related words) ● Word meaning
● Parts of speech ● Commonly confused words
Strategy Review

● Read the whole sentence carefully. Do not stop when you see the blank. This
will help you to get an idea of the context.
● Decide if the focus is grammar or vocabulary. Then look more closely and ask
yourself what exactly is being tested.
● Look at the words before and after the blank and try to identify the part of
speech, and the meaning, of each missing word or phrase.
● Eliminate any answers that you are sure are wrong.
● If you are not sure about the answer, don't waste time. Decide quickly and move
on to the next item.
Practice Exercise:
Directions: A word or phrase is missing in each of the sentences below. Four answer choices
are given below each sentence. Select the best answer to complete the sentence. Then mark
the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet.
1. When filling out the order form, please 16. For optimal safety on the road, avoid
_______ your address clearly to prevent _______ the view of the rear window and
delays. side-view mirrors.
(A) fix (A) obstructs
(B) write (B) obstructed
(C) send (C) obstruction
(D) direct (D) obstructing
2. Ms. Morgan recruited the individuals that 17. Having proper ventilation throughout the
the company _______ for the next three building is _______ for protecting the health
months. and well-being of the workers.
(A) will employ (A) cooperative
(B) to employ (B) visible
(C) has been employed (C) essential
(D) employ (D) alternative
3. The contractor had a fifteen-percent 18. _______ sales of junk food have been
_______ in his business after advertising in steadily declining indicates that consumers
the local newspaper. are becoming more health-conscious.
(A) experience (A) In addition to
(B) growth (B) The fact that
(C) formula (C) As long as
(D) incentive (D) In keeping with
4. The free clinic was founded by a group of 19. The sprinklers for the lawn's irrigation
doctors to give _______ for various medical system are _______ controlled.
conditions. (A) mechanically
(A) treatment (B) mechanic
(C) treated (C) mechanism
(B) treat (D) mechanical
(D) treating
5. Participants in the walking tour should 20. The library staff posted signs to _______
gather _______ 533 Bates Road on Saturday patrons of the upcoming closure for
morning. renovations.
(A) with (A) notify
(B) at (B) agree
(C) like (C) generate
(D) among (D) perform
6. The artist sent _______ best pieces to 21. Mr. Ross, _______ is repainting the
the gallery to be reviewed by the owner. interior of the lobby, was recommended by
(A) him a friend of the building manager.
(B) himself (A) himself
(C) his (B) he
(D) he (C) who
(D) which
7. The figures that accompany the financial 22. The guidelines for the monthly
statement should be _______ to the publication are _______ revised to adapt to
spending category. the changing readers.
(A) relevance (A) courteously
(B) relevantly (B) initially
(C) more relevantly (C) periodically
(D) relevant (D) physically
8. The building owner purchased the 23. _______ an ankle injury, the baseball
property _______ three months ago, but she player participated in the last game of the
has. already spent a great deal of money on season.
renovations. (A) In spite of
(A) yet (B) Even if
(B) just (C) Whether
(C) few (D) Given that
(D) still
9. We would like to discuss this problem 24. The governmental department used to
honestly and _______ at the next staff provide financial aid, but now it offers
meeting. _______
(A) rarely services only.
(B) tiredly (A) legal
(C) openly (B) legalize
(D) highly (C) legally
(D) legalizes
10. The store's manager plans to put the 25. At the guest's _______, an extra set of
new merchandise on display _______ to towels and complimentary soaps were
promote the line of fall fashions. brought to the room.
(A) soon (A) quote
(B) very (B) graduation
(C) that (C) request
(D) still (D) dispute
11. During the peak season, it is _______ to 26. The upscale boutique Jane's Closet is
hire additional workers for the weekend known for selling the most stylish _______
shifts. for young professionals.
(A) necessitate (A) accessorized
(B) necessarily (B) accessorize
(C) necessary (C) accessorizes
(D) necessity (D) accessories
12. _______ that the insulation has been 27. The company started to recognize the
replaced, the building is much more energy- increasing _______ of using resources
efficient. responsibly.
(A) Now (A) more important
(B) For (B) importantly
(C) As (C) importance
(D) Though (D) important
13. Mr. Sims needs a more _______ vehicle 28. _______ restructuring several
for commuting from his suburban home to departments within the company, the
his office downtown. majority of the problems with
(A) expressive miscommunication have disappeared.
(B) reliable (A) After
(C) partial (B) Until
(D) extreme (C) Below
(D) Like
14. The company _______ lowered its prices 29. The riskiest _______ of the development
to outsell its competitors and attract more of new medications are the trials with human
customers. subjects.
(A) strategy (A) proceeds
(B) strategically (B) perspectives
(C) strategies (C) installments
(D) strategic (D) stages
15. _______ Mr. Williams addressed the 30. _______ seeking a position at Tulare
audience, he showed a brief video about the Designs must submit a portfolio of previous
engine he had designed. work.
(A) Then (A) Anyone
(B) So that (B) Whenever
(C) Before (C) Other
(D) Whereas (D) Fewer
SKILL PRACTICE 3 – LISTENING (PART 2) & READING (PART 6)
I. LISTENING - PART 2: QUESTION - RESPONSE
Overview
There are a total of 30 items in Part 2 of the TOEIC test. For each item, you will hear
a question or statement followed by three possible responses. You must choose the
most appropriate response to the question or statement. You will not read the questions
or statements or the responses; you will only hear them. They are not written anywhere
on the page, so you must listen carefully.
The questions and statements are things you would hear in normal business or
everyday situations, such as:
• Requests for information (Wh- • Statements of opinion
and yes-no questions) • Statements about problems
• Requests for help (polite
requests)
The questions and statements deal with topics such as:

• Personal information • Schedules
• Office procedures • Plans
• Weather • Preferences, needs, and wants
• Everyday objects
Strategy Review

• Listen carefully and pay particular attention to the beginning of each question.
The first word or phrase is especially important. The beginning can help you
identify the type of question (Wh-, yes/no, choice, etc.). Remember that
sometimes you will hear a statement rather than a question.
• Think about the kind of response that might be appropriate. Decide what kind
of response you need to listen for.
Questions beginning with ... May ask about ...
What? an activity (a meeting)
When? a date/time, etc. (four o'clock)
Where? a place (the airport)
Who? a person / occupation (Mr. Smith / a
dentist)
Why? a reason (because I was sick)
Which? an alternative (the red one)
How? a method (by car)
How long? duration (three days)
How often? frequency (once a month)
• Listen carefully to all three answer choices. As you listen, eliminate any
responses you are sure are incorrect. To help you eliminate incorrect responses:
- try to remember details from the question or statement
- check that the response matches the question type
- do not be misled by distractors or responses that answer a different question.
• If you are not sure about the answer, don't waste time. Decide quickly! There is
only a short pause of a few seconds between each question.
A. Information Questions
How – Why
• Questions with “How” ask about methods of doing something or directions to go
somewhere.
• You must listen to the adjective or adverb following how since each one has a
different meaning.
• The question word “Why” asks about the reason for an event, a condition, a problem,
or a change of something. Responses to this question type will use because, because
of, for + noun, or a to-infinitive phrase to provide a reason or cause.
• You must pay attention to the question Why don't you/we/l + verb? as it does not
ask about a reason but is an invitation or a suggestion. You need to listen carefully to
the main verb in the question.
Commonly used expressions

Question Answer
Q: How do I get to A: Take the subway.
Way to go City Hall? A: You can walk
How + auxiliary/ somewhere there.
modal verb + Condition Q: How is your A: It's going well.
subject + main project going? A: I've almost
verb...? completed it.
Quantity Q: How many A: Five will be

chairs do you need? enough.
Price Q: How much did A: Approximately
the trip cost? 1,000 dollars.
How + adjective/ Frequency Q: How often do A: Twice a year.
adverb you go to concerts?
Duration Q: How long will it A: It will take about
take to get to the an hour.
airport?
Reason Q: Why were you A: Because traffic
late for the was bad.
presentation? A: Sorry. I overslept.
Why +be+ Purpose Q: Why is the road A: For road
subject...? closed? construction.
A: To fix the traffic
lights.
Q: Why don't you A: I already found
look for an one.
apartment? A: That's a good
Why don't you/ idea.
we + verb...? Suggestion Q: Why don't we A: Okay. I'm free
review the report on that day. A: How
Thursday? about Friday?
Exercise 1: [HOW – WHY] Listen and choose the best response to each question.
[ 01]
1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. (A) (B) (C)

B. Yes/No Questions (Auxiliary/Modal Verbs)
• For questions starting with an auxiliary verb like Do, Does or Did, you have to listen
to the tense of the auxiliary verb and also the main verb so as to be able to choose
the correct response.
• Questions starting with Have or Has mostly ask about experience or completion.
• Questions starting with May/Can/Could I/we are used to ask for permission,
while those beginning with Should I/we ask for advice.
Commonly used expressions

Question Answer
Q: Do you know where A: They are usually in the
we keep paper boxes? storage room.
A: You can ask Jill.
Questions with Q: Does this train go to A: I think so.
Do/Does/Did the downtown area? A: No, this one only goes
to the countryside.
Questions with Q: Have you finished A: I am still working on
Have/Has writing up the quarterly it.
report? A: I will be able to finish
it by noon.
Q: May/Can I leave the A: Yes, of course. A: I
Questions with office a little early today? am afraid you can't.
May/Can/Should A: Yes, please.
Q: Should I leave the A: Could you please close
window open? it?
Exercise 2: [YES-NO QUESTIONS] Listen and choose the best response to each
question. [ 02]

Exercise 3: [REVIEW TEST]
Directions: Listen to these questions and statements. After each question or statement,
you will hear three responses. Select the most appropriate response: (A), (B), or (C).
Then mark your answer. You will hear each question or statement, and the responses,
only once. [ 03]

II. READING - PART 6: TEXT COMPLETION
Overview
Part 6 of the Reading Test consists of four reading passages. Four sentences in each
passage are incomplete. For each of these incomplete sentences, you will choose
among four answer options. There is a total of 16 questions in this part of the test.
The reading passages include a variety of types like those you might see in common
business or everyday contexts. They may be of the following types:
• E-mails • Letters
• Memos • Instructions
• Notices • Articles
• Advertisements
The incomplete sentences in Part 6 are similar to the incomplete sentences in Part 5.
The difference is that they are presented within the context of a passage, or text. To
complete some of the items, you may have to look at the surrounding sentences in
order to choose the correct answer option.
Strategy Review

• Begin by previewing the passage. Don't stop when you see a blank. Keep
reading. You should read quickly to get a general idea of the content.
• Carefully read each sentence with a blank. Decide if the focus is grammar or
vocabulary. Then look more closely and ask yourself what exactly is being tested.
• Look at the words before and after the blank and try to identify the part of
speech, and the meaning, of each missing word or phrase.
• Eliminate any answers that you are sure are wrong.
• Do not forget that sometimes you may need to look at other sentences
elsewhere in the text to help you identify the correct answer.
• If you are not sure about the answer, don't waste time. Decide quickly and move
on to the next item.
Practice Exercise:
Directions: Read the texts that follow. A word, phrase, or sentence is missing in parts of each
text. Four answer choices for each question are given below the text. Select the best answer
to complete the text. Then mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet.
Questions 1 – 4 refer to the following email.

To: samsmith@digitallT.com
From: sharronb@email.com
Date: September 24
Subject: Business Contract
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Sharron Biggs, CEO and founder of BiggsGraphics. I recently came across your
advertisement (1) ________ the partnership of a graphic design company for a number of
your projects. BiggsGraphics has (2) ________ experience working with various small
businesses and companies in designing advertising campaigns, logos, and websites. (3)
________ Our website www.biggs-graphics.com also has some information about our
company.
I'm interested in working with your company on your projects and hope we can build a
beneficial partnership. I look forward (4) ________ your reply.
Sincerely, Sharron Biggs

CEO, BiggsGraphics
1. 3.
(A) seek (A) I would really appreciate the opportunity to
(B) to seek work with you.
(C) seeking (B) I heard that Digital T is a great company.
(D) are seeking (C) In fact, our designs are often copied by
other companies.
(D) I have attached a number of our past
designs to illustrate what we specialize
in.
2. 4.
(A) extensive (A) at
(B) restricted (B) to
(C) generous (C) with
(D) limitless (D) from
Questions 5 – 8 refer to the following announcement.
Thank you for shopping at Larson's China. Our products are known for their modern and unique
patterns and color combinations, as well as (5) ________ and strength. (6) ________ Please
note, however, that repeated drops and rough handling will (7) ________ eventual breakage.
We suggest you store them carefully and that you don't use harsh chemicals, steel sponges,
or (8) ________ scrubbing when cleaning them. Please visit our website at
www.larsonchina.com for information about handling and care or call us at 555-1234 if you
have any questions or concerns.
5. 7.
(A) durable (A) result in
(B) durability (B) occur to
(C) durableness (C) ending at
(D) durable (D) stop with
6. 8.
(A) Larson's utensils and silverware go great with (A) ambitious
the dinnerware. (B) combative
(B) Our most popular line, the Spring Flower China (C) aggressive
is sold out at most locations. (D) complacent
(C) Visit our store to check out our other beautiful
products.
(D) They are dishwasher- and microwave-safe and
we're confident that you'll be using them for years
to come.
Questions 9 – 12 refer to the following notice.
Entry Position: Gold & Slide Accounting Firm

We are looking for enthusiastic candidates with an educational background in finance or (9)
________. All candidates should have some computer experience. Job experience is not (10)
________ but preferred. Candidates with a bilingual language ability (11) ________ favored.
Positions include jobs in accounting, statistics, and general office assistant. If you are
interested, please visit our website at www.G&Saccounting firm.com/employment for more
information.
You can send your cover letters and resumes to Karen Hill at khill@G&S.com. We will begin
interviewing candidates on Monday, November 5. (12) ________
9. 11.
(A) account (A) is being
(B) accountant (B) will be
(C) accounting (C) has been
(D) accounted (D) were being
10. 12.
(A) basic (A) We sincerely thank you for your interest.
(B) decisive (B) The positions begin the following month.
(C) additional (C) Please call us for more information.
(D) necessary (D) We apologize for any inconvenience.
To: Kitchen staff, office employees

From: Manager, Larry Park
Date: March 23
Subject: Renovations
To all kitchen staff and Harmon employees,
From Sunday, March 23 to Thursday, March 27, the employee cafeteria kitchens will undergo
renovations as new appliances and equipment (13) ________ in to replace the old ones. (14)
________ Instead, the convenience shops will carry more sandwiches, prepared lunch boxes,
and snacks for the employees during this time.
The renovations will increase the number of sinks, ovens, and stove tops so that a larger
volume of meals can be provided (15) ________the lunch and dinner rushes. We apologize
for the inconvenience, but we hope that the changes will (16) ________the services in the
cafeteria.
13. 15.
(A) are bringing (A) before
(B) have brought (B) after
(C) bring (C) during
(D) are brought (D) within
14. 16.
(A) This will take a lot of work. (A) develop
(B) As a result, the convenience shops will be (B) improve
closed. (C) rectify
(C) Because of this, hot meals will not be (D) recover
available for the patrons.
(D) There will be noise and chaos as a result.
SKILL PRACTICE 4 – GRAMMAR FOR TOEIC TEST
Overview
In order to do well on the TOEIC exam, you need to have a strong understanding of
English grammar. For simple comprehension and learning, a selection of important
grammatical points is introduced in a clear and systematic way.
I. Voice
1. Forming the Passive
A. Active sentence: Subject + Verb + Object

Passive sentence: Subject + Be + Past Participle + Preposition + Object
→ The manager fired John. → John was fired by the manager.
B. Using by + noun
With the passive, we usually use the preposition by + noun if we wish to emphasize who
does the action.
→ Ms. Martinez made the reservation. → The reservation was made by Ms. Martinez.
2. Usage of the Passive
A. Causative verbs like make, tell, and ask are followed by a to-infinitive in passive
sentences.
• The secretaries were made to work very hard.
• The employees were asked to stop making private phone calls.
B. Perceptual verbs like see, observe, and hear are followed by either a to-infinitive for
repeated or habitual actions or an -ing form for an action in progress in passive sentences.
• Some new employees have been seen to eat in the conference room. (habitual)
• Some new employees have been seen eating in the conference room. (action in
progress)
C. Phrasal and prepositional verbs that consist of verb + adverb/preposition are treated
as one unit when changed into passive.
• No one has looked at this report. → This report has not been looked at (by anyone).
• The officer has taken care of the problem. → The problem has been taken care of (by
the officer).
D. Besides by, the prepositions at, with, and in may also be used in passive sentences.
• at: be alarmed at, be surprised at
• with: be pleased with, be satisfied with, be covered with, be (pre)occupied with
• at or with: be delighted at/with, be disgusted at/with
• in: be interested in, be involved in, be covered in, be engaged in
Practice Exercises
Part 5: Incomplete Sentences

Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1. Detroit, Michigan, is the automobile 9. The Stateson Beverage company
capital of America, as many _______ are _______ establishing a sister company to
manufactured there. expand their breakfast cereal line.
(A) transports (A) debate
(B) conveyances (B) debated
(C) aircraft (C) has been debated
(D) vehicles (D) had been debated
2. The event _______ to bring about 2,000 10. Hank _______ by Shuster and Green
spectators, 20% more than the last one. ever since he first graduated from university.
(A) is expecting (A) is employed
(B) is expected (B) has been employed
(C) was expecting (C) is employing
(D) had expected (D) will be employing
3. All loan applications must receive final 11. The Department of Transport asked
approval by the bank manager before citizens to utilize public transport as roads
_______. _______ with people during the holiday.
(A) being authorized (A) will be crowded
(B) authorizing (B) will be crowding
(C) is authorized (C) have crowding
(D) authorization (D) have crowded
4. The manager demanded that the financial 12. The _______ of the company was
reports _______ in time for the budget attributed to the hard work and dedication
meeting this afternoon. of its staff.
(A) finish (A) failure
(B) are finished (B) advantage
(C) be finished (C) benefit
(D) finished (D) success
5. Thousands of customers _______ about 13. The committee is still _______ the
their phone service by filling out proposal, and no decision will be made until
questionnaires online. Monday.
(A) were surveyed (A) consider
(B) were surveying (B) considered
(C) had surveyed (C) considering
(D) had been surveying (D) considers
6. The company was ordered by the 14. The winning bid for the contract to build
_______ to reinstate the employee who was the new recreation center _______ yet.
wrongly dismissed. (A) has not been announcing
(A) referee (B) has not been announced
(B) judge (C) has not announcing
(C) umpire (D) has not announced
(D) lawyer
7. The head of acquisitions _______ with the 15. Transport costs for city residents
outcome of the negotiations with his _______ by the government.
competitor. (A) are subsidized
(A) was satisfied (B) subsidizes
(B) satisfied (C) are subsidizing
(C) satisfies (D) subsidized
(D) is satisfying
8. Kevin _______ at the boardroom 20

minutes after the meeting had started.
(A) was arrived
(B) is arrived
(C) arrived
(D) arrives
Part 6: Text Completion
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 1 – 4 refer to the following memo.
To: All sales personnel

From: The manager
Subject: Connectivity
It was brought to my (1) _______ that a lot of our customers are not aware that their
tablets have several options in terms of connection capability. Recently, we have been
contacted by several customers asking how to go about setting up their Internet connection
or their Bluetooth device. (2) _______. When customers were asked for details about
their tablet purchase, we discovered that many of these tablets (3) _______ at our store.
That means the customers left our store without full knowledge of what their device was
capable of. Please be sure to advise customers on all of the functions before they leave
the store. This way, it will give a good (4) _______ of our store and help the customers,
too.
Thank you for your cooperation.
1. 3.
(A) ignorance (A) purchased
(B) thought (B) being purchased
(C) diligence (C) were purchased
(D) attention (D) have purchased
2. 4.
(A) Please contact customer support for (A) imagination
help with your device. (B) show
(B) None of the receipts have been kept. (C) impression
(C) All accessories are sold separately. (D) sign
(D) Many didn't know even basic functions
of their device.
Help Your Social Activities Department!

Volunteers (5) _______ to help plan, organize, and put on social events for the
company. We are looking for a total of five men and five women from any and all
departments of the company to volunteer their time and creative energy to come up
with events that all employees can be (6) _______ in.
Volunteers (7) _______ commit to a minimum of two hours per week, but those two
hours will be filled with fun as you get to know and interact with your colleagues. (8)
_______. It will have no bearing on your company record. For more information,
please speak to the human resources manager. So, if you like to socialize and you like
planning parties and events, then come on out and join us!
5. 7.
(A) needed (A) will be asked to
(B) are needed (B) asking to
(C) needing (C) ask for
(D) are needing (D) will be asking for
6. 8.
(A) involving (A) The next event is yet to be organized.
(B) involvement (B) You will need special permission from your
(C) involved superior.
(D) involve (C) There is a limit on how many people may
join.
(D) This is not a mandatory activity for company
employees.
II. Conjunctions and Preposition
1. Coordinating Conjunctions
and: I made a phone call and sent an e- so: John was not in his office, so I left
mail. the document on his desk.
but/yet: We are so busy with our many or: Do you want to talk now or later?
clients, yet/ but management keeps
asking us to work harder.
nor: Dick did not receive a promotion,
nor did his friend John.
2. Correlative Conjunctions
both A and B, either A or B, neither A nor B, not A but B, not only A but (also) B
• The customer wanted both the blue one and the red one.
• Not only you but three other people were selected for the internship.
3. Subordinating Conjunctions
Sequential actions: when, before, after, Concession: even if, even though,
until although, though
Reason: since, because, now that, seeing Purpose: (so) that, in order that
that
Condition: if, unless, provided, as long as, Contrast: whereas, while
once
Simultaneous actions: while, as, the Unreal comparison: as if, as though
moment/instant (that)
4. Distinction Between Conjunctions and Prepositions

Conjunctions are followed by subject + verb, while prepositions are followed by a
noun, pronoun, or gerund.
• While you were in a meeting, Ms. Rosen called. vs. Ms. Rosen called during your
meeting.
• Although the submission was late, it will be reviewed.
5. Choice of Prepositions
- for (how long) vs. during (when)
- by (completion) vs. until (continuation)
- between (two or more distinct and individual items) vs. among (more than two)
We were closed for two weeks. vs. We were closed during the summer.
Have it done by tomorrow. vs. Use the car until this evening.
We have to choose between John and Max. vs. We have to choose among many
candidates.
Practice Exercises
1. I have no objections to your attending the 9. All products contain traces of peanuts and
conference _______ the entire week. dairy _______ otherwise stated.
(A) by (A) because
(B) for (B) while
(C) with (C) unless
(D) to (D) whether
10. Not _______ does Eric take care of

2. This meeting is mandatory, and it does central reservations, but he also runs the
not matter _______ you want to attend or marketing department.
not. (A) yet
(A) whether (B) only
(B) because (C) that
(C) however (D) unless
(D) therefore
3. The moment the announcement was 11. The heating technician was called
made, the staff started talking _______ the _______ the central air system wouldn't turn
consequences of the news. on.
(A) for (A) because
(B) with (B) whereas
(C) about (C) and then
(D) to (D) so that
4. Friendly relations _______ staff members 12. Consumers have become more
are encouraged, but management asks staff interested in green energy because of
to behave professionally at all times. _______ for the environment.
(A) among (A) matters
(B) by (B) thoughts
(C) to (C) concerns
(D) for (D) issues
5. _______ Frederick was waiting in line for 13. We had better diversify our investments
his visa interview, he emailed clients from his _______ there is another worldwide
phone. economic crisis.
(A) Besides (A) in case
(B) While (B) whether
(C) With (C) after
(D) After (D) and then
6. _______ the sale is over, the company 14. _______ this business trip, Ms. Danton
has decided to focus on selling their new hopes to see some of the city.
products. (A) While
(A) Now which (B) For
(B) While (C) With
(C) Now that (D) During
(D) Despite
7. After the success of the innovative 15. This airline offers free meals and drinks
application, the public is eagerly waiting on all domestic flights, _______ that one
_______ the company's next new product. does not.
(A) unless (A) than
(B) by (B) whereas
(C) for (C) so
(D) to (D) because
8. All new employees were asked to sit

_______ during the workshop.
(A) because
(B) with
(C) by
(D) together
Questions 1 – 4 refer to the following article.
Customer Service Seminar
As an industry-wide (1) _______ in customer satisfaction and sales, Harold Gottlieb

knows exactly (2) _______ to get your employees to keep customers in your store
and make the most of it. Mr. Gottlieb has a degree in psychology, with a focus on
consumer psychology. This degree, as well as being director of marketing at Alton for
over 10 years, has helped him understand the minds of customers.
(3) _______, he has developed several methods of teaching store staff how to talk
to customers and has organized seminars to help spread this knowledge. He holds
over 100 seminars nationwide per year. (4) _______. Because of high demand,
space at these sessions is limited. A few spots are still available for his August 10 and
13 sessions.
1. 3.
(A) author (A) Nevertheless
(B) dealer (B) As a result
(C) seller (C) Bear in mind
(D) expert (D) Alternatively
2. 4.
(A) who (A) He received the promotion after being
(B) how recommended for it.
(C) why (B) Marketing is the biggest part of
(D) what success.
(C) Even most of the biggest brands in the
country use his tactics.
(D) His book comes out next month.
Questions 5 – 8 refer to the following advertisement.
Now Hiring: Wattco Tech Stores

Join the Wattco Tech family! Have you heard? Wattco Tech (5) _______ a new
location in the Center Mills Shopping Center in late August. We are currently accepting
applications for cashiers and warehouse staff (6) _______ June 30. Interviews will
be scheduled for the following week, with (7) _______ to begin in late July.
Applications can be found on our website. (8) _______.
5. 7.
(A) is open (A) trained
(B) has been opened (B) training
(C) is opening (C) train
(D) opening (D) trainer
6. 8.
(A) during (A) Positions in management will be
(B) for considered.
(C) to (B) Construction will begin this week.
(D) until (C) The interview will only last 30 minutes.
(D) Tell all those who may be interested.
III. Relatives Clauses
1. Relative Pronouns
A. Who, Which, That
Who is used when the antecedent is a person, while which is used when the
antecedent is not a person. However, that as a relative pronoun can replace either who
or which, and it is preferred especially after all, everything, nothing, the only, and
superlatives.
• The man who/that is in the next cubicle is our graphic designer.
• The printer which/that broke was bought three months ago.
• All that I need is an efficient office assistant to organize my schedule.
B. Which is also used to refer to the entire preceding clause that is separated by a
comma.
• This workshop, which is only held once a year, is mandatory for all staff. (NOT that
or what)
C. Whose
Possession can be expressed by whose whether or not the antecedent is a person.
When the antecedent is not a person, of which may also be used.
• The man whose car broke down is my supervisor.
• Brian introduced a new system, the name of which I have forgotten.
2. Relative Adverbs
A. When: Use when for day, month, year, time, etc.
B. Where: Use where or preposition + which for place.
C. How: Use how to replace the way.
D. Why: Use why for reason.
• Nobody knows the date when registration closes.
• Is this the building where (= in which) you two work?
• This is how (the way) we should submit our travel expense report.
• This is the reason (why) summer vacation dates are assigned randomly.
Practice Exercises

1. Gladstone Technology recently relocated 9. It was my first boss _______ taught me

to Boston, _______ is located not too far the importance of time management.
from New York City. (A) whose
(A) where (B) who
(B) what (C) this
(C) which (D) they
(D) that
2. This is the computer company to _______ 10. We have an obligation to our customers
I have applied for the position of to make sure they know _______ to use our
programmer. products correctly.
(A) what (A) why
(B) which (B) because
(C) who (C) which
(D) that (D) how
3. Please let my assistant know _______ it 11. Marcus Allen is the person _______ you
would be best to contact you. must speak to get the information you need.
(A) that (A) whom
(B) who (B) to whom
(C) what (C) who
(D) when (D) to who
4. This year's conference will take place in 12. James is the one _______ came up with
the area of the country I _______ grew up. the idea for the new advertising campaign.
(A) where (A) he's
(B) in that (B) whose
(C) with that (C) he
(D) in where (D) who
5. Brice and Co. is the company that does 13. With no name on the package, the
the catering for all our _______. delivery man was unsure _______ to give
(A) conferrals the package to.
(B) conversations (A) for who
(C) citations (B) whom
(D) conferences (C) for whom
(D) whose
6. Tom is in charge of _______ all business 14. Unfortunately, an employee erased the
trips for everyone in the company. database by _______.
(A) organizations (A) error
(B) to organize (B) mistake
(C) organizing (C) misprint
(D) organizational (D) misunderstanding
7. The president liked all the options, so he 15. The new project with the international
said we should choose _______ we think is tax accountant _______ we hired last month
best. is not working out well.
(A) whichever (A) that
(B) whoever (B) whose
(C) whenever (C) why
(D) however (D) when
8. Nobody knew _______ bag this was or

why it was sitting in the conference room.
(A) who
(B) whose
(C) which
(D) who's
Questions 1 – 4 refer to the following advertisement.
Dazzle Design Studios creates performance-ready clothes for any kind of group.
Whether you are a local theater group, small choir, or professional dance company,
our highly skilled costume designers are (1) _______ to help make your vision a
reality. (2) _______. We have a close relationship with the staff at our production
factory and suppliers, (3) _______ care deeply about quality. This allows us to
provide a wide variety of fabric and designs with a short turnaround. (4) _______
can be delivered within a few days, while larger orders can take just two weeks.
1. 3.
(A) available (A) which
(B) good (B) who
(C) close (C) where
(D) recognized (D) whom
2. 4.
(A) All of our garments are made of 100% (A) Samples
polyester. (B) Sample
(B) The outfits are dry-clean only. (C) Sampling
(C) You can pick up your order one week from (D) Sampled
today.
(D) Each outfit is handmade to make sure the
designs match your wishes exactly.
Questions 5 – 8 refer to the following letter.
Dear Ms. Finklestein,
Thank you for coming in last week to interview with us. It was great to meet a talented
individual such as yourself. For this position, we received over 100 applications and
interviewed about 20 people, (5) _______ résumés were filled with so much experience
and possibility. We regret to (6) _______ you that we have decided to go with another
applicant instead. This was not an easy decision for us as everyone was well qualified.
However, we had to go with the person that we felt was best suited for the position.
We would like (7) _______ you to apply for another position that you might be interested
in. Our sister company, Speed Opto Industries, is looking for an accountant at this time.
(8) _______. Please visit their website and look over the details of the position. I hope
that we can work together someday.
Charles Schuster
Hiring Manager
5. 7.
(A) who's (A) invite
(B) who (B) to invite
(C) whose (C) inviting
(D) whom (D) invited
6. 8.
(A) inform (A) We feel you would be a great match for
(B) file this position.
(C) detail (B) Everyone in the department must have a
(D) say degree in finance.
(C) A letter will be sent later this week.
(D) Your résumé will remain on file with us
for 6 months.
SKILL PRACTICE 5 –
LISTENING (PART 3) & READING (PART 7 - SINGLE PASSAGES)
I. LISTENING - PART 3: CONVERSATIONS

Overview
In Part 3 of the TOEIC test, you will hear conversations and answer questions about
them. You will hear a total of 13 conversations and will answer three comprehension
questions about each one, for a total of 39 questions in this part of the test. Each
conversation is between two people and is fairly short, usually with four lines of
dialogue. Unlike Parts 1 and 2, in Part 3 you will see the questions and answer options
written on the test page. The questions ask about the main ideas and details of the
conversations and may require you to make inferences, or logical guesses, about the
information you hear.
The conversations are about things you would hear in normal business or everyday
contexts in places such as:
• Offices • Theaters
• Stores • Banks
• Hotels • Post offices
• Restaurants
The conversations are about normal business and everyday topics, such as:
• Office issues • Ordering supplies
• Travel plans • Giving directions to a place
• Making purchases • Giving instructions
• Ordering in a restaurant • Making appointments
• Planning events • Leaving messages
Remember!
1. Listening for Main Ideas
• Look for questions such as Who is the man talking to? (the speakers)
What are they discussing? (the topic) What is happening now? (the
main activities) Where is the conversation taking place? (the
location)
• As you listen, ask yourself: Who is speaking? What are they talking about?
What are they doing? Where are they?
• Don't worry about words you might miss. You do not need to understand
every single word in a conversation in order to understand the main ideas.
2. Listening for Details
• Look for questions beginning with What, When, Why, and How.
• Before you listen, make sure you know what information you need to
listen for (time, reasons, plans, offers/request, suggestions/advice, and
opinions).
• As you listen, identify any key words or phrases related to the information
you need.
• Focus on the information you need to answer each question.
3. Making Inferences
• Look for questions such as What does the woman imply? What is probably
true about...? How does the man probably feel about...?
• Identifying Attitude: Notice each speaker's stress and intonation. The
way a word or phrase is spoken can tell you a lot about a speaker's
attitude. For example, the word "Great!" can imply either "Fantastic!" or
"Oh, no!" depending on the intonation used. Listen for any words the
speakers stress, and their intonation, to identify how they might feel
(angry, happy, surprised, etc.).
• Making Deductions: Try to make deductions based on what you hear
and draw conclusions. Think about the meaning "behind" the words. For
example, if you hear "I'd like to check-in, please." and "Your room is 678.
Here's your key," you can deduce the speaker might be at a hotel.
A. Office Talk
M: Hi, Martha. Are there any messages for me?
W: Yes, Mrs. Wilson called. She would like to know when the figures for this quarter
will be ready. She wants to look them over before she has to give them to the vice-
president.
M: Hmm. I've been working on the market research project, so I'm a little behind.
I'll call her and talk to her about it.
W: Her number is on the notepad next to the phone.
What to listen for
• Who called? ……………………………………………………….
• Why? ……………………………………………………….
• What will happen? ……………………………………………………….
Exercise1: Listen to the conversations and choose the best answer to each question.
[ 01]
1. What are the speakers discussing? 7. Why did the man miss the meeting?
(A) A tax law (A) He was traveling on vacation.
(B) An accounting document (B) He was taking sick leave.
(C) A local event (C) He was out on business.
(D) A company manager (D) He was working at home.
2. What does the woman mean when she 8. What did Deanna propose at the
says, "That's not all"? meeting?
(A) She has more to say. (A) Spending money on R&D
(B) The company will make more money. (B) Advertising to younger customers
(C) The company will expand its size. (C) Hiring more college students
(D) She isn't the only one who worked on (D) Organizing a business meeting
the report.
9. According to the man, why won't
3. What will the man do next? management like the idea?
(A) Call a contractor (A) They want something with a clear
(B) Talk to another department target.
(C) Send a check (B) They want to market to older clients.
(D) Speak to a manager (C) They prefer a global fan base.
(D) They prefer the old advertising
campaign.
4. What are the speakers discussing?

(A) Scheduling a meeting
(B) Delivering mail
(C) Copying documents
(D) Documents from another company
5. What is mentioned about the post

office?
(A) It does door-to-door mail pick-up.
(B) It is under construction.
(C) It is open every day.
(D) It is near the office.
6. What does Courtney say she will most

likely do next?
(A) Contact a courier service
(B) Complete a document
(C) Deliver a package
(D) Visit a post office
10. Who is holding a meeting?
(A) Sheila
(B) John
(C) The director
(D) The president
11. What does the woman offer to do?

(A) Ask for more time 13. What problem does the man mention?
(B) Get a project finished (A) An order was incomplete.
(C) Write a report (B) Some extra goods were sent in a
(D) Give a presentation package.
(C) An item was damaged during shipping.
12. When will the man likely submit his (D) some supplies were never delivered.
report?
(A) Monday 14. Look at the graphic. How much of a
(B) Tuesday refund will the man receive?
(C) Wednesday (A) $10
(D) Friday (B) $3
(C) $6
(D) $12
15. What will the man probably do next?

(A) Speak with a colleague
(B) Order some more supplies
(C) Call a bookstore
(D) Talk to a supply company
B. Workplace Dilemmas
W: I'm so frustrated! Why can't I get Internet access on my computer? All I get is
a message that says, "Busy, please try later."
M: The computer system is down. The IT department is working on it, but they said
they might not be able to fix it today.
W: That's terrible! I have a very important contract I'm waiting for.
M: You could try using the Wi-Fi spot in the café next door.
What to listen for

• How does the woman feel? ……………………………………………………….
• Why? ……………………………………………………….
• What is she waiting for? ……………………………………………………….
Exercise 2: Listen to the conversations and choose the best answer to each question.
[ 02]
1. What problem does Michael mention? 7. What does the woman thank the man for?
(A) A monitor isn't displaying colors (A) Responding to an e-mail
correctly. (B) Coming on a non-work day
(B) A program isn't connecting to a server. (C) Showing her the computer
(C) A fax machine is not receiving faxes. (D) Being on time for work
(D) An e-mail was never sent.
8. According to the woman, what must the
2. What is mentioned about the program? woman do by this evening?
(A) A new version was recently released. (A) Give a presentation
(B) Clients can access it as well. (B) Turn in a document
(C) It contains a virus. (C) Send a notice
(D) It is only available on certain computers. (D) Complete a report
3. What will Jared probably do next? 9. What will the man likely do next?
(A) Contact the IT department (A) Take the computer away
(B) Forward a notice (B) Connect the printer
(C) E-mail a customer (C) Replace a wire
(D) Take a look at a computer (D) Work on a report
4. Why did the man NOT attend the

meeting?
(A) He was out sick.
(B) He was at a conference.
(C) He was on holiday.
(D) He was unaware of it.
5. When is the workshop planned for?
(A) Tomorrow
(B) Next week
(C) Next month
(D) Next weekend
6. What will the man most likely do?

(A) Attend a seminar
(B) Talk to the marketing manager
(C) Find a software manual
(D) File a complaint
10. Why is the man concerned?

(A) The new assistant won't arrive on a
scheduled date.
(B) He does not have enough equipment.
(C) His assistant will leave in July.
(D) His computer is no longer working.
11. What does the man mean when he says,

"That won't do"?
(A) He is not pleased with a report.
(B) He is unhappy with his computer's
condition.
(C) He finds tardiness unacceptable. 13. What problem are the speakers
(D) He can't wait that long for an order. discussing?
(A) Low customer visit rates
12. What does the woman suggest? (B) Low customer satisfaction
(A) Placing another order (C) Unclear directions to stores
(B) Hiring another assistant (D) Construction delays
(C) Buying a new computer
(D) Talking to a supervisor 14. Look at the graphic. When did the new
store most likely open?
(A) August
(B) September
(C) October
(D) November
15. What does the man ask the woman to

do?
(A) Create a questionnaire
(B) Find a new contractor
(C) Conduct a market survey
(D) Send e-mails to customers
C. Staffing Changes
M: Thank you, Ms. McKenzie, for coming to see us on short notice. Could you tell
us about your previous work experience?
W: Sure. I worked for nine years at an import company as a logistics manager. I
also worked briefly at a delivery company in Canada.
M: Would you be OK with non-traditional hours? The position requires working in
shifts.
W: Yes, that would be fine. Also, I heard you have an employee education program.
Could you tell me more about that?
What to listen for

• What kind of conversation is this? ……………………………………………………….
• What is mentioned about the ……………………………………………………….
woman?
……………………………………………………….
• What does the woman ask
about?
Exercise 3: Listen to the conversations and choose the best answer to each of the
questions. [ 03]
1. What event has recently taken place? 7. What are the speakers most likely doing?
(A) A sale (A) Having an interview
(B) A merger (B) Discussing candidates
(C) A meeting (C) Haggling about prices
(D) A promotion (D) Holding negotiations
2. What is the man worried about? 8. What does the man imply when he says,
(A) Moving his belongings "That shouldn't be a problem"?
(B) Selling all the inventory (A) He is confident in his ability.
(C) Meeting a deadline (B) He knows he will always be on time.
(D) Contacting an applicant (C) He has never had a problem at his old
company.
3. What does Leslie say she will do? (D) He never feels nervous.
(A) Take notes at a meeting
(B) Assist with a move 9. What will happen on Monday?
(C) Present sales results (A) Training will begin.
(D) Apply for a job (B) New sales will start.
(C) A hiring decision will be announced.
(D) Interviews will begin.
4. What are the speakers discussing? 10. What are the speakers discussing?
(A) An upcoming event (A) A new business proposal
(B) Working overtime (B) A marketing project
(C) A difficult coworker (C) A change in personnel
(D) Work experience (D) A deadline for a position
5. What is suggested about the woman? 11. According to the man, when will Yuko
(A) She will be moving to another area. start her new position?
(B) She has worked here for many years. (A) Tomorrow
(C) She is in charge of all financial matters. (B) One week later
(D) She has managed new employee (C) Two weeks later
orientation before. (D) One month later
6. According to the man, what will happen 12. What is mentioned about the vacant
soon? position?
(A) A conference will be held. (A) It has been advertised online.
(B) A department will move. (B) It will be filled by someone outside the
(C) A new office will be opened. company.
(D) A new employee will begin. (C) It will come with a higher salary.
(D) It requires a creative person.
13. What is the purpose of the man's visit?

(A) To board a bus
(B) To discuss business plans
(C) To have a job interview
(D) To file a suit
14. What is mentioned about Mr. Gerald?

(A) He is out for the day.
(B) He recently moved offices.
(C) He is looking for a new job.
(D) He is currently in a meeting.
15. Look at the graphic. Which floor will

the man most likely go to?
(A) 1F
(B) 2F
(C) 3F
(D) 4F
II. READING - PART 7: SINGLE PASSAGES
Overview
In Part 7 of the Reading Test, you will read passages of varying types and lengths
and answer comprehension questions about them. The reading passages include
types you might see in common business and everyday situations.
The passages may be of the following types:
• E-mails • Articles
• Letters • Reports
• Memos • Forms
• Agendas • Charts, tables and graphs
• Advertisements • Schedules
• Notices
There is a total of 54 questions in Part 7 (Single Passages: 29 questions &

Multiple Passages: 25 questions). You will answer a variety of types of
comprehension questions. Comprehension question types will include the following:
• Main Idea: What is this report mainly about?
• Detail: Where does Ms. Kim work?
• Purpose: Why did Mr. Jones write the letter?
• Audience: Who is this article for?
• Inference: What can we infer about the writer of this e-mail?
• Vocabulary: The word "insight" in line 10 is closest in meaning to
Remember!
1. Reading for Main Ideas

• Look for topic questions: What is this article about? What does this
letter mainly discuss?
• Look for purpose questions: What is the purpose of this e-mail? Why
was this memo written?
• As you read, ask yourself: What is the passage about? What is the
purpose of the passage? Who is the passage written for?
• Remember, you do not need to read every word in order to understand
the main ideas.
• You can often find information about the main idea near the beginning
or end of a passage.
• Don't worry about words you do not understand. Keep reading until you
reach the end.
• Look for words or phrases that are repeated. They may be important.
2. Reading for Details
• Look for Wh-questions (e.g. questions beginning with What, When, Why,
How, etc.)
• Before you read, make sure you know what information you need to read for.
• Look for any headings or titles to help you find the part of the passage you
need.
• Don't read every word. Focus only on finding the information you need.
• Don't worry about words you do not understand.
• When you find the part you need, read more carefully. Identify any key words
or phrases.
• As soon as you have found the information you need, stop reading.
3. Making Inferences
• Look for questions such as Which of the following can be inferred from this e-
mail? Which of these statements is probably true? What is implied about...?
• As you read, think about the meaning "behind" the words. Pay special
attention to words and phrases with positive and negative meanings.
• Try to make deductions as you read, and draw conclusions; for example,
about the relationship between the two writers, or what might happen next.
• Consider the whole passage before making any inferences.
A. Office Memos and Notices
What to look for

• What will Sonia be away for? …………………………………………………
• Who will take over for her? …………………………………………………
• What should you do if it is an emergency? …………………………………………………
1. What is the purpose of this memo? 2. What should employees do to claim

(A) To issue reimbursement forms reimbursements?
(B) To give receipts back to employees (A) Keep all receipts if they want
(C) To remind staff to follow procedures reimbursement
(D) To outline a new company policy (B) Fill out the top half of the reimbursement
form
(C) Make a copy of their reimbursement
forms
(D) Process their receipts before handing
them in
3. What problem is mentioned in the notice? 4. What does the management plan to make
(A) There have been too many false fire alarms. a list of?
(B) Tenants did not exit during a fire alarm. (A) People who need help evacuating
(C) Some residents were injured in a fire. (B) E-mail addresses of residents
(D) Firefighters responded too slowly to a fire. (C) Emergency phone numbers
(D) Safe places to go in a fire
5. What is the notice mainly about? 7. What are people advised to do?
(A) Delays in train arrivals (A) Avoid traveling during peak hours
(B) The progress of ongoing repairs (B) Walk to a station nearby
(C) A temporary station shutdown (C) Park their cars on Bay Avenue
(D) Construction of a new train line (D) Leave extra time for their
commutes
6. Which is indicated about the City Transit

Authority?
(A) It is closing Woodland Station next.
(B) It is providing bus service at no cost.
(C) It has serious passenger safety concerns.
(D) It has no plans for further upgrades.
8. What is the purpose of the memo? 10. In which of the positions marked
(A) To inform coworkers about a new data center [1], [2], [3], and [4] does the
and its effects following sentence best belong?
(B) To notify customers of a disruption in service
(C) To invite coworkers and customers to a "We have already notified our
special event customers about this disruption."
(D) To seek employee input on a data center (A) [1]
(B) [2]
(C) [3]
(D) [4]
9. What will happen on Thursday, November 6?

(A) The company website will become
unavailable.
(B) The whole staff will visit the data center.
(C) The IT staff will meet with customers.
(D) IT employees will be allowed to leave work
early.
B. Text Message and Instant Message Chains
What to look for

• What does Irina need to know?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
• When will Marlon take a vacation?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
• What will Irina e-mail to Marlon?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Questions 1 – 2 refer to the following online chat.
1. What is the chat mainly about? 2. What does Anna Litvak ask Jim
(A) Celebrating a coworker's retirement Maddon to do?
(B) Collecting money for a coworker (A) Choose a gift
(C) Choosing a cake for a party (B) Purchase a cake
(D) Buying a retirement gift (C) Reserve the break room
(D) Check with their supervisor
Questions 3 – 4 refer to the following text message chain.
3. What kind of event is Ben Reyes going 4. What is implied about Ben Reyes?
to? (A) He will be the last to arrive.
(A) A gathering in a park (B) He often arrives late to events.
(B) A dinner at a home (C) He and Kelly Tyson are coworkers.
(C) A party at a restaurant (D) He has not been to Kelly Tyson's
(D) A meeting in a coffee shop apartment.
Questions 5 – 7 refer to the following online chat.
5. What problem is Dennis Hume having with 7. What does Dennis Hume mean at 4:13
his cable? when he writes, "Still nothing"?
(A) His cable subscription does not include the (A) Changing the batteries did not work.
channels he wants. (B) He is unable to access certain
(B) He is unable to plug in his cable box. channels.
(C) The cable box does not respond to the (C) The cable box still will not turn on.
remote. (D) His TV screen is blank.
(D) The cable box keeps rebooting itself.
6. According to Dennis Hume, what had he
done before the chat began?
(A) He pressed the power button.
(B) He unplugged the cable box.
(C) He called a technician.
(D) He replaced the batteries in the remote.
Questions 8 – 10 refer to the following text message chain.
8. Why does Tricia Brown text the others? 10. Where most likely is Tricia Brown?
(A) To request that they bring extra (A) At the airport
materials (B) On a bus
(B) To ask them to extend their trip by a
(C) At the office
day
(C) To inform them that she will be late (D) In a taxi
(D) To let them know she's on her way
9. Which is true about Dean Mahoney and
Victor Younis?
(A) They will return before Tricia Brown
does.
(B) They will have free time on the trip.
(C) They are on their way to a training
class.
(D) They are not experienced employees.
C. Forms
What to look for

• How much does Mercury Cleaning charge to clean windows?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
• Where does Joel Nelson work?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
• Why does Locke’s Auto Repair have to pay an extra $50?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Questions 1 – 2 refer to the following invoice.
1. What kind of company is Office Galore? 2. What costs $5.95?

(A) A furniture store (A) One pen
(B) A paper supply store (B) One box of pens
(C) An office supply store (C) Twenty pens
(D) A stationery manufacturer (D) Ten boxes of pens
Questions 3 – 4 refer to the following form.
3. Which is NOT true about Lila Kim? 4. Which of the following does Lila Kim
(A) She stayed for less than a week. complain about?
(B) She was pleased with the fitness (A) The hotel's food
facilities. (B) The hotel's staff
(C) She had never stayed at the hotel (C) The hotel's location
before. (D) The hotel's prices
(D) She was at the hotel for business
meetings.
Questions 5 – 7 refer to the following receipt.
5. What is the cost of the items before 7. What is indicated about the store's return
sales tax? policy?
(A) $60.48 (A) Returns without a receipt are not accepted.
(B) $56.00 (B) Debit card purchases are not refundable.
(C) $30.00 (C) Purchases made by check are refunded in
(D) $4.48 cash.
(D) Returns must be made within a month of
purchase.
6. Which item cannot be returned?

(A) The basketball
(B) The board game
(C) The electric train
(D) The action figure
Questions 8 – 10 refer to the following message form.
8. What is indicated about this morning's phone 10. Who most likely is A. Simpson?
call? (A) Jason McMillan's coworker
(A) It ended in a disagreement. (B) Jason McMillan's customer
(B) It began at 3:25. (C) Marta Stanberry's partner
(C) It was about a completed project. (D) Marta Stanberry's employee
(D) It was ended by mistake.
9. What is Jason McMillan asked to do?

(A) Check Marta Stanberry's phone line
(B) Apologize to Marta Stanberry
(C) Call Marta Stanberry
(D) E-mail Marta Stanberry
SKILL PRACTICE 6 –
LISTENING (PART 4) & READING (PART 7 - MULTIPLE PASSAGES)
I. LISTENING - PART 4: TALKS

Overview
In Part 4 of the TOEIC test, you will hear short talks and answer questions about them.
You will hear a total of ten talks and will answer three comprehension questions about
each one, for a total of 30 questions in this part of the test. Each talk is fairly short,
lasting approximately 30 seconds. As in Part 3, in Part 4 you will see the questions and
answer options written on the test page. The questions ask about the main ideas and
details of the talks and may require you to make inferences about the information you
hear.
The talks are about things you would hear in normal business or everyday situations,
such as:
• Announcements • Reports
• Speeches • Voicemail messages
• Tours • Lectures
• Advertisements • Introductions
The talks deal with topics such as:

• Travel information • Store information
• Tourism • Appointments and schedules
• Weather • Meeting agendas
• News • Office procedures
• Business advice
Remember!
1. Listening for Main Ideas: listening to short talks for overall comprehension;
identifying the speaker, the topic, the audience, the location, and the purpose of a
short talk
2. Listening for Details: listening to short talks for specific information; identifying
numbers, dates and times, reasons and requests, people and places, problems and
suggestions, plans and sequences
3. Making Inferences: listening to short talks for information that is not directly stated
A. Office Announcements
Read the following talk and focus on the main points. Use the What to
listen for section as a guide.
Good morning, everyone. I've called this meeting to discuss the results of the survey
we gave out to our customers about our cashiers. After looking over the data, it
seems, while some customers like the increased rapport, many customers are
dissatisfied with the speed of the checkout the most. I know we focused on holding
personal conversations with our customers at the workshop last month, but it is
really slowing us down. I think we should hold speed tests periodically to ensure the
checkouts are going quickly, but accurately. Sandy, please set up that speed test for
the end of next week.
What to listen for

• What was given out? ……………………………………………………….
• What happened last month? ……………………………………………………….
• What will Sandy do? ……………………………………………………….
Exercise 1: Listen to the questions and choose the best answer. [ 01]
1. What will be discussed today?

(A) A new computer system
(B) Scheduled holidays
(C) Some department changes
(D) Customer information
2. What is the purpose of the changes?

(A) To distribute employee information
(B) To introduce customers to products 7. What is the purpose of this discussion?
(C) To make information easier to store (A) To explain a policy
(D) To update employee training (B) To announce a change
(C) To show the location of a document
3. What will happen later in the month? (D) To correct an error
(A) File programming
(B) Schedule updating
8. Look at the graphic. According to the
(C) Customer meetings
speaker, which item cannot be reimbursed?
(D) Training sessions
(A) Gas
(B) Meals
(C) Hotel
(D) Photocopies
9. What will most likely happen after the
meeting?
(A) A document will be sent.
(B) A workshop will be held.
(C) Travel arrangements will be made.
(D) An item will be returned.
4. What problem is mentioned?

(A) Clients are not showing up to
meetings.
(B) A machine is malfunctioning.
(C) Some people have been arriving late
to meetings.
(D) Employees cannot log on to the
network.
5. What are the listeners asked to do?

(A) Update their schedules
(B) Call tech support
(C) Send a message
(D) Adjust their clocks
6. What will happen on Friday?

(A) A repair person will visit.
(B) Some new employees will start work.
(C) Employees will have a day off.
(D) A new policy will be announced.
B. Speeches/Lectures
Welcome to the new employee orientation for the New Sun Wellness and Fitness
Center. There are a few things I'd like to say before we formally begin. We will be
taking a tour of the facilities to get everyone familiar with where everything is. But
right now the pool and aquatics area is undergoing renovations, so we will have to
skip that area. It should be completed by next month. Also, I know everyone is
already certified in first aid, but we take it very seriously. Therefore, everyone will
undergo a first-aid safety course at the end of this week. This is mandatory for all.
If anyone has any questions during the orientation, please let me know.
What to listen for

• Where can't the listeners go? ……………………………………………………….
• What is mentioned about the ……………………………………………………….
listeners? ……………………………………………………….
• What is said about the course?
1. What is the purpose of the speech? 7. According to the speaker, what happened
(A) To introduce new teachers this year?
(B) To choose award candidates (A) An award was given out.
(C) To do research on teachers (B) A manager was hired.
(D) To announce award winners (C) A play was put on.
(D) A workshop was created.
2. According to the speaker, what have
these teachers done? 8. What does the speaker imply when she
(A) Helped the community says,
(B) Participated in charity work "After this training session, you'll see why"?
(C) Voted on a policy (A) The training session is individually led.
(D) Traveled from far away (B) The award is on display outside.
(C) A question-and-answer session will be
3. What is mentioned about the winners? held.
(A) They are chosen at random. (D) The training is the reason for the award.
(B) Their schools will receive prize money.
(C) They are nominated by colleagues. 9. What is mentioned about the listeners?
(D) They teach a variety of subjects. (A) They recently sent out an e-mail.
(B) They are all new to the company.
(C) They were unhappy with the company's
service.
(D) They have all received an award.
4. Who is Dr. Seung-Joon Kim? 10. What kind of event is being held?
(A) A researcher (A) A retirement party
(B) A medical specialist (B) A holiday party
(C) A conference organizer (C) A charity dinner
(D) A community professor (D) An awards banquet
5. What will happen after the discussion? 11. What is mentioned about the board of
(A) A special dinner will be held. directors?
(B) A slideshow will be presented. (A) They have never met Ms. Sardinez
(C) A question-and-answer session will be before.
held. (B) They were hesitant to hire Ms. Sardinez.
(D) A survey will be given out. (C) They have over twenty members.
(D) They asked for Ms. Sardinez.
6. Where will the discussion take place?
(A) At a community center 12. What is mentioned about the company?
(B) At a city hospital (A) It had a rise in profits.
(C) At a school auditorium (B) It is a new company.
(D) At a concert hall (C) It has more clients than it can handle.
(D) It has global clients.
C. Tours and Trips

Welcome to the tour of the Shakers Soda Factory. I am Francis, and I will be leading
this tour. As I'm sure you're aware, Shakers Soda makes over 20 different kinds of
carbonated and non-carbonated beverages right here, with ingredients from all over
the world. In this tour, you will see how the soda flavors are made in the tasting
room and laboratory. We will stop by there first before making our way to the
bottling room at the end. Don't worry; we do have a sample room for everyone to
try our flavors. And everyone on the tour will receive a special discount on purchases
made here at this factory.
What to listen for

• Who is Francis? ……………………………………………………….
• Where are the listeners? ……………………………………………………….
• What will the listeners get? ……………………………………………………….
1. What did the listeners see on the tour? 7. According to the speaker, what is amazing
(A) Modern paintings about the zoo?
(B) Marble sculptures (A) Its history
(C) Retro fashion (B) Its array of animals
(D) Ancient pictures (C) Its natural habitats
(D) Its tours
2. What is suggested about the gift shop?
(A) It will close soon. 8. What are the listeners asked NOT to do?
(B) It sells copies of artwork. (A) Visit other areas
(C) It is currently holding a sale. (B) Speak in loud voices
(D) It is located near the museum entrance. (C) Ask questions during the tour
(D) Use a camera
3. What is mentioned about the Amish Folk
Art exhibit? 9. Look at the graphic. Where will the
(A) It will end in a few weeks. listeners most likely go next?
(B) It is a permanent feature of the museum. (A) The Arctic Mammals
(C) Tickets are selling quickly. (B) The Lion's Den
(D) A gift is given to those who see it. (C) The Bird Sanctuary
(D) The Reptile World
4. Who most likely is the speaker?
(A) A tour guide
(B) A museum director
(C) A concert manager
(D) A classical musician
5. What does the speaker say about the

Heidelberg Theater?
(A) It is too dangerous to enter.
(B) It only hosts classical music concerts.
(C) It has been around for many years.
(D) It hasn't been used in years.
6. What will the listeners do at 1 o'clock?

(A) Have a meal
(B) Visit a museum
(C) Enjoy free time
(D) Watch a concert
II. READING - PART 7: MULTIPLE PASSAGES
Overview
Part 7 begins with 7-10 single passages, each one followed by 2-5 comprehension
questions, for a total of 29 questions. The single passages are followed by a series
of multiple passages. Multiple passages are sets of two to three related reading
passages followed by five comprehension questions for each set, for a total of 25
questions. Some of the questions require looking at the information in 2-3 passages
and making the appropriate connections in order to answer correctly. The question
types are the same as for the single passages.
Here are some examples of multiple passage types:

• A train schedule and an e-mail about making travel arrangements
• A help-wanted ad and a letter asking for employment
• A page of course descriptions and a class registration form
• An advertisement and 2 e-mails
• An article, schedule, and letter
Remember!
• Skim the passage to get a general idea of the content. Notice any key words
and ideas. Remember, skimming a passage means reading it quickly.
Skimming
When reading for main ideas, you need to read the passage simply to get a
general overview of what it is about. This is called skimming. For example,
if you look through a magazine to see what's inside, or look at a menu, this is
skimming. Do not read every word - just focus on the key words that contain
important information. Your goal is to get an overall idea of what the text is
about. Get used to skimming texts in this way, and you will improve your
TOEIC score.
• Read the first question and look at the four answer choices. The first question
often asks about the main ideas. Answer the question if you can. If you are not
sure, make certain what information you need to look for before you look in the
text.
• Look through the passage to find the area you need. Then slow down and scan
to find the answer. Remember, scanning a passage means reading it carefully
in order to find specific information.
Scanning
When reading for details, you need to read the passage quickly to find the
specific information you need. This is called scanning. For example, if you
look through a dictionary to find a word, or check what time your favorite
program is on TV, this is scanning. Do not read every word - just focus on the
information that you are looking for. Your goal is to find specific details. Get
used to scanning texts in this way, and you will improve your TOEIC score.
• Refer again to the answer choices. Eliminate any answer choices you are sure
are incorrect. Then mark your answer. If necessary, make a guess.
A. Office Memos and Notices
Questions 1 – 5 refer to the following notice and e-mail.

1. What is the notice mainly about? 4. What problem is the upcoming event
(A) A government meeting causing?
(B) A visit by a government official (A) Employees are working longer hours.
(C) A new cleaning crew (B) Workers are producing less.
(D) A production manager visit (C) Workstations are becoming messy.
(D) Staff members are being injured.
2. What are workers asked to do? 5. What solution is offered?

(A) Increase their productivity (A) Improving standards of safety
(B) Help organize the warehouse (B) Increasing the conveyor belt speed
(C) Clean up the air in the factory (C) Temporarily reducing quotas
(D) Keep their work areas clean and neat (D) Requesting to postpone the inspection
3. What is implied about the inspection?

(A) It had not occurred by January 15.
(B) It was requested by Greg Hamilton.
(C) It will be rescheduled for later in the
year.
(D) It was completed and went badly.
Questions 6 – 10 refer to the following memo, partial agenda, and e-mail.
6. What is the purpose of the memo? 9. Which event will Sara Crowder be
(A) To provide information about a unable to attend?
convention (A) The legal panel discussion
(B) To recommend accommodations to (B) The talk by Kim Tompkins
staff (C) The reception
(C) To explain rules regarding money for (D) The awards banquet
trips
(D) To announce a change in payroll policy
7. In the memo, the word "varies" in 10. What amount will Sara Crowder
paragraph 3, line 2, is closest in meaning receive as a per diem?
to (A) $60
(A) appears (B) $80
(B) equals (C) $160
(C) differs (D) $200
(D) increases
8. What is Alana Cahill asked to do?

(A) Cancel a Saturday appointment
(B) Book a new round-trip flight
(C) Reserve a different hotel
(D) Arrange a meeting with a client
B. Text Message and Instant Message Chains
Questions 1 – 5 refer to the following letter and text message chain.

1. What is the purpose of the letter? 4. Which is true about Amal Ali?
(A) To explain why rents have been raised (A) She remembered to stop by the office.
(B) To offer a new lease agreement (B) She plans to move out in a few months.
(C) To complain about high maintenance (C) She missed the deadline for renewal.
costs (D) She let Marie make the final decision.
(D) To answer a question about a lease
2. By what date are the recipients of the 5. What will Marie Samuel and Amal Ali's
letter asked to respond? new monthly rent be?
(A) October 20 (A) $600
(B) October 30 (B) $625
(C) November 20 (C) $650
(D) November 30 (D) $680
3. In the letter, the word "reluctantly" in

paragraph 2, line 2, is closest in meaning to
(A) surprisingly
(B) illegally
(C) unwillingly
(D) immediately
Questions 6 – 10 refer to the following e-mail, web page, and online chat.
6. What is the purpose of the e-mail? 9. What is indicated about Luis Garcia and
(A) To announce a new trade fair Kevin Anderson?
(B) To provide the schedule of a trade show (A) They own several bookstores.
(C) To invite a consumer to attend a fair (B) They work at Marcy's Books.
(D) To persuade the reader to exhibit at a (C) They have attended this fair before.
fair (D) They are helping to organize the fair.
7. Which type of booth will an author 10. What amount should Kevin Anderson
promoting a new book most likely reserve? submit as a deposit?
(A) Corner Aisle Standard Booth (A) $900
(B) Regular Standard Booth (B) $450
(C) Half Standard Booth (C) $250
(D) Tabletop Exhibit (D) $150
8. What is the main topic of the chat?

(A) Travel plans for attending the fair
(B) A partnership with Marcy's Books
(C) Purchasing a booth at the fair
(D) A reply to the ABE e-mail
C. Forms
Questions 1 – 5 refer to the following web page and online shopping cart.
1. What is being advertised? 4. How many brushes is the customer
(A) A new craft store ordering in total?
(B) A discount on website membership (A) 5
(C) An online art supply store (B) 6
(D) A brand of art supplies (C) 25
(D) 30
2. What does the company offer non- 5. What is implied about Mr. William Nelson?
members? (A) He is buying the items for someone else.
(A) Wholesale prices on all goods (B) He has paid a membership fee.
(B) No-cost delivery on large orders (C) He will pick up the order.
(C) Free memberships for a limited time (D) He is an art student.
(D) Help with customized art kits
3. On the web page, the word "industry" in

paragraph 1, line 3, is closest in meaning to
(A) manufacturing
(B) production
(C) business
(D) design
Questions 6 – 10 refer to the following agenda, memo, and e-mail.
6. What type of company most likely is 9. What is the purpose of Simon Conniff's e-
Pallman Brothers, Inc.? mail?
(A) A home construction company (A) To ask for a revised meeting agenda
(B) A marketing company (B) To request that the meeting time be
(C) A real estate agency changed
(D) A law firm (C) To announce a change in the topic of his
talk
(D) To explain how he solved a schedule
conflict
7. Why was the meeting postponed? 10. Who will be the last to speak before the
(A) The conference room was already break?
reserved. (A) Young-Joon Lee
(B) Some attendees would be unable to go. (B) Simon Conniff
(C) The only available room was too small. (C) Roseanne Jackson
(D) Marcus Rivera would be away at a (D) Leonard Kurylo
conference.
8. What is implied about conference room 2?

(A) It was already reserved for June 15 at
2:00.
(B) It is not available for the sales meeting.
(C) It is smaller than conference room 1.
(D) It is not used very often.

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CONTENTS

UNIT 1. WRITING FOR AND AGAINST ESSAYS ............................................ 5

I. WRITING A “FOR AND AGAINST” ESSAY................................................... 5

II. ACTIVITY 1 ....................................................................................................... 6

III. ACTIVITY 2...................................................................................................... 7

IV. ACTIVITY 3 ..................................................................................................... 9

VI. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ..................................................................................... 12

VII. RUBRICS ....................................................................................................... 14

UNIT 2. WRITING OPINION ESSAYS ............................................................. 15

I. WRITING AN OPINION ESSAY ................................................................ 15

II. ACTIVITY 1 ................................................................................................. 16

III. ACTIVITY 2 .............................................................................................. 17

IV. ACTIVITY 3 (LINKING WORD/PHRASES).......................................... 18

V. ACTIVITY 4 CONSTRUCTING A BODY PARAGRAPH ........................ 19

VI. ACTIVITY 5 OUTLINING YOUR ESSAY ............................................. 20

VII. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ............................................................................... 23

VIII. RUBRICS .................................................................................................... 25

UNIT 3. AN INTRODUCTION TO IELTS WRITING TASK 1 ........................ 26

DESCRIBING CHARTS AND GRAPHS ............................................................ 26

I. EXAM INFORMATION .............................................................................. 26

II. ACTIVITY 1 ................................................................................................. 26

III. ACTIVITY 2 .............................................................................................. 27

IV. ACTIVITY 3 .............................................................................................. 27

VII. ACTIVITY 6 .............................................................................................. 31

VIII. ACTIVITY 7 DESCRIBING A PIE CHART ........................................... 32

IX. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ............................................................................... 33

UNIT 4. WRITING A CAUSE/EFFECT ESSAY ............................................... 36

I. WRITING A CAUSE/EFFECT ESSAY....................................................... 36

II. ACTIVITY 1 ................................................................................................. 37

III. ACTIVITY 2 .............................................................................................. 38

IV. ACTIVITY 3: USING PASSIVE IN ESSAY WRITING ......................... 39

VI. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ............................................................................... 43

VIII. RUBRICS .................................................................................................... 45

UNIT 5. WRITING A FORMAL EMAIL ........................................................... 46

II. ACTIVITY 2 ................................................................................................. 48

III. ACTIVITY 3 .............................................................................................. 49

IV. ACTIVITY 4: USEFUL LANGUAGE FOR FORMAL AND INFORMAL

V. UNIT ASSIGNMENT ................................................................................... 52

VIII. RUBRICS .................................................................................................... 56

SHORT TALK TOPIC CARDS ............................................................................ 58

PART 1: PERSONAL INFORMATION QUESTIONS ................................... 58

PART 2: SHORT TALK TOPIC CARDS AND FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS 60

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PART 3: SAMPLE SPEAKING TEST ANSWERS ......................................... 65

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UNIT 1. WRITING FOR AND AGAINST ESSAYS

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To introduce or list advantages:

To introduce or list disadvantages:

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a) expected to stay thin so that they look good

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d) models usually travel to interesting places

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