Андрущенко - навчальний посібник

МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ
ДЕРЖАВНИЙ ВИЩИЙ НАВЧАЛЬНИЙ ЗАКЛАД

«ДОНБАСЬКИЙ ДЕРЖАВНИЙ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ»
ГОРЛІВСЬКИЙ ІНСТИТУТ ІНОЗЕМНИХ МОВ
В. О. Андрущенко
ЛІНГВІСТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ВНУТРІШНЬОЇ АНГЛОМОВНОЇ

ХУДОЖНЬОТЕКСТОВОЇ СТРУКТУРИ:
ГРАМАТИКА, СЕМАНТИКА, ПРАГМАТИКА:
лекційно-практичний курс
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE BELLES-LETTRES STYLE TEXT

INTERNAL STRUCTURE LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS:
GRAMMAR, SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS:
Lecture and Practical Course
Навчальний посібник
Дніпро
«Літограф»
2017
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ȻȻɄȺɧɝɥ
Ⱥ
Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬɢ
Ȼɥɢɧɨɜɚ ȱɪɢɧɚ Ⱥɧɚɬɨɥɿʀɜɧɚ ± ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɮɿɥɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ ɞɨɰɟɧɬ
ɞɨɤɬɨɪɚɧɬ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɢ ɫɥɨɜ¶ɹɧɫɶɤɨʀ ɮɿɥɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɇɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨ
ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɭɿɦ Ɇ ɉ Ⱦɪɚɝɨɦɚɧɨɜɚ
əɫɢɧɟɰɶɤɚ Ɉɥɟɧɚ Ⱥɧɚɬɨɥɿʀɜɧɚ ± ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɮɿɥɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ ɞɨɰɟɧɬ
ɞɨɰɟɧɬ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɢ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨʀ ɮɿɥɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɭ Ƚɨɪɥɿɜɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɿɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɭ
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ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɥɟɤɰɿɣɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɣ
ɤɭɪɫ ɧɚɜɱ ɩɨɫɿɛ ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ± Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨ Ʌɿɬɨɝɪɚɮ ± ɫ ±
Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɚɧɝɥ
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ɇɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɢɣɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɚɞɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɨɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɿɜɢɤɥɚɞɚɱɚɦɜɢɳɢɯɧɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɢɯ
ɡɚɤɥɚɞɿɜ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɧɹɬɶ ɡ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɿɧɢ ©Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɬɟɤɫɬɭª ȼɢɞɚɧɧɹ ɽ
ɥɟɤɰɿɣɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɦ ɤɭɪɫɨɦ ɳɨ ɜɢɫɜɿɬɥɸɽ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɬɜɿɪɧɿ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɿʀ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ
ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɝɨɡɨɤɪɟɦɚɉɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɦɿɫɬɢɬɶɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɧɢɣɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɿɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹ
ɬɚ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɨʀ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ ɍ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɚɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɚ
ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɣɧɨɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɿɡɭ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɚ
ɬɚɤɨɠ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɧɢɤ ɉɪɢ ɩɿɞɝɨɬɨɜɰɿ ɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɚ ɛɭɥɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɿ
ɧɚɭɤɨɜɿɬɚɧɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɨɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɧɿɧɚɞɛɚɧɧɹɜɿɬɱɢɡɧɹɧɢɯɬɚɡɚɪɭɛɿɠɧɢɯɭɱɟɧɢɯ
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɨɞɨɞɪɭɤɭ ȼɱɟɧɨɸɪɚɞɨɸ
Ƚɨɪɥɿɜɫɶɤɨɝɨɿɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɭɿɧɨɡɟɦɧɢɯɦɨɜ
ȾȼɇɁ©Ⱦɨɧɛɚɫɶɤɢɣɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɢɣɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɢɣɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ»
ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥʋ5 ɜɿɞ 21 ɱɟɪɜɧɹ 2017 ɪ)
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ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ
ȼɢɞɚɜɧɢɰɬɜɨ©Ʌɿɬɨɝɪɚɮª
ɋ217(176
PREFACE…………………………………………………………………... 5
UNIT 1. THE EVOLUTION OF LINGUISTIC VIEWS AT
INTERNALLY STRUCTURED TEXT ORGANIZATION…………….. 7
1.1. THE NOTION OF TEXT IN ASPECT OF ITS INTERNAL
ORGANIZATION (STRUCTURAL-GRAMMATICAL,
SEMANTIC, SOCIAL-COMMUNICATIVE, PRAGMATIC,
SYNERGETIC APPROACHES)……… …………………..…….. 8
1.2. THE PROBLEM OF TEXT AND DISCOURSE
DIFFERENTIATION IN TEXT LINGUISTICS………………… 12
1.3. TEXT LEVEL (FORMAL, SEMANTIC,
COMMUNICATIVE, PARADIGMATIC) PARAMETERS AND
ITS STRUCTURAL UNITS………………………...……………. 14
1.4. PROMINENT TEXT CATEGORIES……………………….. 17
SELF-ASSESSMENT UNIT 1……………………………………………… 21
UNIT 2. THE CATEGORY OF COHERENCE IN TEXT UNITY
CATEGORICAL STRUCTURAL HIERARCHY………………………. 26
2.1. COHERENCE (COHESION / COHERENCE) AND ITS
INTERRELATION WITH THE CATEGORIES OF
INTEGRITY, CONTINUUM AND SEGMENTATION………… 27
2.2. THE CATEGORY OF COHESION ROLE IN A SUPRA-
PHRASAL UNITY AND A PARAGRAPH FORMATION AS
BASIC TEXTUAL STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC AND
STRUCTURAL-PRAGMATIC UNITS………………………….. 32
2.3. TEXT WHOLE FORMAL EXPRESSION BY MEANS OF
LINEAR, PARALLEL AND INTEGRATIVE INTRA-
TEXTUAL INTERLINEAR SYNTACTIC LINKS……………… 33
2.4. THE COHESION CATEGORY AS A UNIVERSAL
LINGUISTIC REGULARITY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
BELLES-LETTRES STYLE SUPRA-PHRASAL-
FRAGMENTARY PATTERN HORIZONTAL-STRUCTURAL
ORGANIZATION………………………………………………... 43
UNIT 3. THE PECULIARITIES OF COHESION MARKERS
MANIFESTATION WITHIN A GERMANIC BELLES-
LETTRES STYLE TEXT UNITY………………………………. 50
3.1. THE MAIN AND PERIPHERAL LINGUISTIC DEVICES
OF THE COHESION CATEGORY REALIZATION. THE
HIERARCHY OF THEIR INTERRELATION…………………... 51
3.2. THE PREVAILING TENDENCIES OF THE COHESION
CATEGORY TYPICAL FORMS DESTRUCTION AS A TEXT-
FORMATIVE FACTOR………………………………………….. 58
3.3. THE COHERENCE CATEGORY UNIVERSAL-TYPICAL
3
LINGUISTIC MARKERS MANIFESTATION WITHIN THE
GERMANIC LANGUAGE BELLES-LETTRES STYLE TEXT
STRUCTURES AND THEIR DIFFERENT STRUCTURAL
REPRESENTATION IN ENGLISH……………………………… 62
SELF-ASSESSMENT UNIT 3……………………………………................ 66
Unit 4. COHESION AS A FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC CATEGORY... 70
4.1. COHESION AS A FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC
CATEGORY……………………………………………………… 71
4.2. THE PECULIARITIES OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
THEMATIC-SYNCRONIC BELLES-LETTRES STYLE TEXTS
UNIVERSAL INFORMATIVE-SEMANTIC SPACE
LINGUISTIC EXPRESSION…………………………………….. 74
4.3. THE COHERENCE CATEGORY CORRELATION WITH
THE SENSE INTERLINEAR RELATIONS…………………….. 75
TERMINOLOGY…………………………………………………………... 88
CITED AND RECOMMENDED LITERATURE……………………….. 91
ILLUSTRATIVE TEXTS…………………………………………….......... 107
THE INDEX OF CONVENTIONAL DENOTATIONS………………… 108
APPENDIX…………………………………………………………............. 109
NOTES……………………………………………………………………… 110
4
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ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɚª ɽ ɥɟɤɰɿɣɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɦ
ɤɭɪɫɨɦɳɨɜɢɫɜɿɬɥɸɽɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɬɚɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɤɭɬɟɤɫɬɨɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨʀɦɨɜɢɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɝɨ
ɡɨɤɪɟɦɚ
ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɚ ɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɽ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦ ɨɩɚɧɭɜɚɬɢ ɧɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥ ɭ ɩɨɜɧɨɦɭ
ɨɛɫɹɡɿɞɨɩɨɦɚɝɚɽɫɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɬɢɱɿɬɤɟɭɹɜɥɟɧɧɹɳɨɞɨɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨʀɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɨʀɬɚɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɬɢɜɧɨʀ
ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɝɨɭɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹɬɚɧɚɛɭɬɢʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɧɢɯɡɧɚɧɶɬɚɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɯɧɚɜɢɱɨɤ
ɡɚɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɚɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ ɭ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɦɨɜɚɯ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɦɿɫɬɢɬɶ
ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɧɢɣɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɿɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹɬɚɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹɞɥɹɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɨʀɪɨɛɨɬɢ
Ɋɨɡɝɥɹɞɚɸɱɢ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɹɤ ɰɿɥɿɫɧɭ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɭ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɭ ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɬɢɜɧɭ ɬɚ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɭ
ɽɞɧɿɫɬɶɡɭɦɨɜɥɟɧɭ ɦɨɜɧɨɸ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿɽɸ ɜɟɪɲɢɧɧɨʀɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿʀ± ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿʀ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨɫɬɿ ± ɭ
ɤɨɪɟɥɹɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɫɩɿɜɜɿɞɧɨɲɟɧɧɿ ɿɡ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿɹɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɭɭɦɭ ɱɥɟɧɨɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ ɬɚ ɰɿɥɿɫɧɨɫɬɿ ɭ
ɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɭɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɣɝɥɢɛɨɤɢɣɚɧɚɥɿɡɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɯɬɚɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɿɣɧɢɯɦɨɜɧɢɯɦɚɪɤɟɪɿɜɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀ
ɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨɫɬɿ ɪɟɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɨɜɚɧɢɯ ɜɢɹɜɨɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɢɯ ɦɿɠɪɟɱɟɧɧɽɜɢɯ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ
ɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɿɜ ɫɦɢɫɥɨɜɢɯ ɦɿɠɪɟɱɟɧɧɽɜɢɯ ɜɿɞɧɨɲɟɧɶ ɬɚ ɧɟɩɨɜɧɢɯ ɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɳɨ ʉɪɭɧɬɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ
ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹɯɜɿɬɱɢɡɧɹɧɢɯɬɚɡɚɪɭɛɿɠɧɢɯɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɿɜ
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that HWF He glanced around the table. Opposite him was Arthur, and Arthur’s
brother, Norman. They were her brothers, he reminded himself, and his heart warmed
toward them S WKH DQWHFHGHQWV UHSUHVHQWHG E\ SURSHU QRXQV DUH
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the hills several Sundays on their wheels, and Martin had ample opportunity to observe
the armed truce that existed between Ruth and Olney. The latter chummed with
Norman, throwing Arthur and Martin into company with Ruth, for which Martin was
duly grateful S Olney – the latter
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They buried him three hours later. It seemed horrible to Kitty that he must be put into a
Chinese coffin, as though in so strange a bed he must rest uneasily, but there was no
help for it. The coffin was lowered into the grave and the grave-diggers began to throw
in the earth S into a coffin ± the coffin GHPRQVWUDWLYHVXEVWLWXWLYHZRUGV
this that these those IXQFWLRQLQJLQFRPELQDWLRQZLWKDQRXQRUSURQRPLQDOZRUGone
ones HWF He noticed a fellow with narrow-slitted eyes and a loose-lipped mouth. That
one was vicious, he decided. On shipboard he would be a sneak, a whiner, a tattler
S a fellow ± that one
x /H[LFDOUHSHWLWLRQ GHULYDWLRQDO UHSHWLWLRQ They sat in silence for an hour.
He sat quite still, in that same easy attitude, and stared with those wide, immobile eyes
of his at the picture. His stillness was strangely menacing. It gave Kitty the feeling of a
wild beast prepared to spring S still ± stillness
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D JHUXQG IRUPDWLRQ IURP DQ LQILQLWLYH VWHP E\ DGGLQJ WKH HQGLQJ -ing He walked
around the deck until that hurt too much, then sat in his chair until he was compelled to
walk again. He forced himself at last to finish the magazine, and from the steamer
library he culled several volumes of poetry. But they could not hold him, and once more
he took to walking S to walk ± walking
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faith. Not even Ruth had faith. She had wanted him to devote himself to study, and,
though she had not openly disapproved of his writing, she had never approved
S WKHOH[HPHfaith UHSHWLWLRQ
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attention to him then and if she danced with him it was because she was good-natured
and was glad to dance with any one who asked her. She didn’t know him from Adam
when a day or two later at another dance he came up and stroke to her. Then she
remarked that he was at every dance she went to S danced ± to dance ± dance
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Her mother saw it, and her mother was right. She would trust her mother’s judgment in
this as she had always trusted it in all things S mother ± her mother’s
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35
quick, vigorous lip-pressure such as should accompany any kiss. Hers was the kiss of a
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in generous measure. And when he had gone, she would return to her books with a
keener zest and fresh store of energy S strength ± energy
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That would be the act of a madman. It was odd, the little shiver that ran through her as
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unwittingly and awkwardly, Martin continued his approach by contact. The touch of his
hand was pleasant to her, and something deliciously more than pleasant. Martin did not
know it, but he did know that it was not distasteful to her S pleasant ± SUHIL[
-dis OH[HPH tasteful ĺ distasteful
x 3HULSKUDVWLFUHSHWLWLRQ Tuesday was a day of similar unremitting toil. The
speed with which Joe worked won Martin’s admiration. Joe was a dozen of demons for
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he read, mechanically his hand sought his pocket for the tobacco and brown paper of
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the RUD]HURDUWLFOH Passing through the City Hall Park, he had noticed a group of men,
in the centre of which were half a dozen, with flushed faces and raised voices, earnestly
carrying on a discussion. He joined the listeners, and heard a new, alien tongue in the
mouths of the philosophers of the people S a group of men ± the listeners ±
the philosophers
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Martin went to the telephone in the corner of the room, and felt a wave of warmth rush
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purely human sorrow such as she might have felt if it had been an acquaintance. She
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irked, and a companionship which depressed her; freedom, not only from the death
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companionship which depressed her; freedom, not only from the death which had
threatened, but freedom from the love that had degraded her; freedom from all spiritual
ties, the freedom of a disembodied spirit; and with freedom, courage and a valiant
unconcern for whatever was to come
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ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɫɬɭɞɿʀ ɡɛ ɧɚɭɤ ɩɪɚɰɶ ± Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ Ⱦɨɧɇɍ
± ȼɢɩ ± ɋ ±
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ Ʉɨɪɟɥɹɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿɣɧɨʀɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨɫɬɿɡɿɫɦɢɫɥɨɜɢɦɢ
ɦɿɠɪɟɱɟɧɧɽɜɢɦɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɢɦɢ ɜɿɞɧɨɲɟɧɧɹɦɢ ɜ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɿɣ ɿ
ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɿɣ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɣ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɿɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɿ ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ
ȼɿɫɧɢɤ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɨɜɚɪɢɫɬɜɚ Ƚɨɪɥɿɜɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɝɨ
ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨɿɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɭɿɧɨɡɟɦɧɢɯɦɨɜ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɢ9,,Ɇɿɠɪɟɝɿɨɧɤɨɧɮɦɨɥɨɞɢɯ
ɭɱɟɧɢɯɬɚɚɫɩɿɪɚɧɬɿɜ± Ƚɨɪɥɿɜɤɚ ȽȾɉȱȱɆ± ȼɢɩ ± & ±
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ ɋɩɟɰɢɮɿɱɧɿ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɤɨɮɨɪɦɚɥɿɡɨɜɚɧɿ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ
ɜɢɹɜɭ ɥɿɧɟɚɪɧɨʀ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨɫɬɿ ɜ ɚɧɝɥɨɦɨɜɧɿɣ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɿɣ ɧɚɞɮɪɚɡɧɨ
ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɿɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɿ ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤɢɣ ɜɿɫɧɢɤ ɇɚɭɤɨɜɨɝɨ
ɬɨɜɚɪɢɫɬɜɚ ɿɦ ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɚ ± Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ
ɋɯɿɞɧɢɣɜɢɞɚɜɧɢɱɢɣɞɿɦ± Ɍ ± ɋ ±
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ Ɍɟɦɚɬɢɤɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɿɣɧɚ ɿɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɜɢɹɜɭ
ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɡɦɿɫɬɨɜɨɫɢɦɟɬɪɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɭ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢ
ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ɇɚɭɤɨɜɢɣ ɜɿɫɧɢɤ ɏɟɪɫɨɧɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɭ
ɋɟɪɿɹÄɅɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɚ´ ɡɛɧɚɭɤɩɪɚɰɶ± ɏɟɪɫɨɧ ȼɢɞɜɨɏȾɍ± ȼɢɩ ɏȱȱ±
ɋ ±
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ Ɍɢɩɨɜɿ ɮɨɪɦɢ ɜɢɹɜɭ ɩɚɪɚɥɟɥɶɧɨɤɨɝɟɡɿɣɧɨʀ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨɫɬɿ
ɜ ɫɥɨɜ¶ɹɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɿɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɿ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ
ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤɢɣ ɜɿɫɧɢɤ ɇɚɭɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɨɜɚɪɢɫɬɜɚ ɿɦ ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɚ ±
Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɣɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɣɰɟɧɬɪɋɯɿɞɧɢɣ ɜɢɞɚɜɧɢɱɢɣɞɿɦ±
Ɍ ± ɋ ±
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ Ɍɢɩɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɡɚɫɨɛɢ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿɣɧɢɯ ɮɨɪɦ
ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨɪɿɜɧɟɜɨʀ ɤɨɝɟɡɿʀ ɭ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɯ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ
ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɦɿɪɭ ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ Ʉɭɥɶɬɭɪɚ ɧɚɪɨɞɨɜ
ɉɪɢɱɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɶɹ ɧɚɭɱɠɭɪɧɚɥ± ± ʋ ± Ɍ ± ɋ ±
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ Ɍɢɩɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɞɢɮɟɪɟɧɰɿɣɧɿ ɜɢɹɜɢ ɩɚɪɚɥɟɥɶɧɢɯ ɮɨɪɦ
ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿɣɧɨʀ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨɫɬɿ ɜ ɫɥɨɜ¶ɹɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɿ ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɢɯ
ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɦɿɪɭ ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼɿɫɧɢɤ ɏɚɪɤɿɜɫɶɤɨɝɨ
ɧɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɭɿɦ ȼ ɇ ɄɚɪɚɡɿɧɚɋɟɪɿɹɎȱɅɈɅɈȽȱə± ɏɚɪɤɿɜ
± ʋ ± ɑɚɫɬɢɧɚ , ± ȼɢɩ ± ɋ ±
91
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ ɍɧɿɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɞɢɮɟɪɟɧɰɿɣɨɜɚɧɿ ɨɡɧɚɤɢ ɥɿɧɿɣɧɨ
ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨʀ ɧɚɞɮɪɚɡɧɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨʀ ɦɨɞɟɥɿ
ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɶɤɨʀ ɬɚ ɫɥɨɜ¶ɹɧɫɶɤɨʀ ɦɨɜ ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɿ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ
ɿɧɨɡɟɦɧɨʀ ɮɿɥɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɚ ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ ɦɿɠɜɭɡ ɡɛ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɬ ±
Ȼɟɪɞɹɧɫɶɤ ȻȾɉɍ± ȼɢɩ 9,, ± ɑ ± ɋ ±
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ Ɏɨɪɦɚɥɿɡɨɜɚɧɨɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɱɧɿ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɩɚɪɚɥɟɥɶɧɨ
ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɝɨɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭɜɚɧɧɹɚɧɝɥɨɦɨɜɧɨʀɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀɧɚɞɮɪɚɡɧɨʀɽɞɧɨɫɬɿ
ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȺɄɌɍȺɅɖɇȱ ɉɊɈȻɅȿɆɂ ɆȿɇɌȺɅȱɇȽȼȱɋɌɂɄɂ ɡɛ
ɧɚɭɤ ɩɪɚɰɶ ɡɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɚɦɢ 9,, Ɇɿɠɧɚɪ ɧɚɭɤ ɤɨɧɮ ± ɑɟɪɤɚɫɢ Ⱥɧɬ ±
ɋ ±
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ Ɏɭɧɤɰɿɣɧɿ ɜɢɹɜɢ ɤɨɝɟɡɿɣɧɨʀ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨɫɬɿ ɹɤ ɡɦɿɫɬɨɜɨ
ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɨʀ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿʀ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢ ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ
Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɫɬɭɞɿʀ ɡɛ ɧɚɭɤ ɩɪɚɰɶ ± Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ Ⱦɨɧɇɍ ± ȼɢɩ ±
ɋ ±
Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ɉ Ɏɭɧɤɰɿɣɧɿ ɥɚɧɰɸɝɨɜɨɫɢɦɟɬɪɢɱɧɿ ɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɢ ɹɤ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɿɪɧɿɫɬɶ ɤɨɝɟɡɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ
ɰɿɥɨɝɨ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɡɦɿɫɬɨɜɢɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ ȼ Ɉ Ⱥɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨ ɇɚɭɤɨɜɢɣ ɜɿɫɧɢɤ
ɏɟɪɫɨɧɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɭ ɋɟɪɿɹ ÄɅɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɚ´ ɡɛ ɧɚɭɤ ɩɪɚɰɶ ±
ɏɟɪɫɨɧ ȼɢɞɜɨɏȾɍ± ȼɢɩ ɏȱ± ɋ ±
Ⱥɪɧɨɥɶɞ ɂ ȼ Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ
ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɬɟɤɫɬɚɂ ȼ Ⱥɪɧɨɥɶɞɂɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɹɡɵɤɢɜɲɤɨɥɟ± ±
ʋ± ɋ ±
Ⱥɪɧɨɥɶɞ ɂ ȼ ɂɦɩɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢɟɦ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ
ɮɢɥɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɂ ȼ Ⱥɪɧɨɥɶɞ ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ± ±
ʋ± & ±
Ⱥɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ
>ɨɬɜɪɟɞɇ Ⱥ ɋɥɸɫɚɪɟɜɚ@± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
Ȼɚɛɟɧɤɨ Ʌ Ƚ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ
ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɭɱɟɛɧɢɤɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦ Ʌ Ƚ Ȼɚɛɟɧɤɨ ± >±ɟ ɢɡɞ ɢɫɩɪ@ ±
Ɇ Ɏɥɢɧɬɚ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
Ȼɚɣɤɨɜɚ Ʌ ɂ ɋɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɤɨɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɤɚɤ
ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ʌ ɂ Ȼɚɣɤɨɜɚ Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ
ɹɡɵɤ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɭɞɶɛɵ ɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ,9 ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫ ɢɫɫɥɟɞ
ɬɟɥɟɣ ɪɭɫɫɤ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɬɪɭɞɵ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ± ɦɚɪɬɚ ɝ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ
Ɇ Ʌ ɊɟɦɧɟɜɚȺ Ⱥ ɉɨɥɢɤɚɪɩɨɜ± Ɇ ɂɡɞɜɨ ɆȽɍ± ɋ ±
Ȼɚɪɚɧɧɢɤ Ⱦ ɏ ɌɟɤɫɬȾ ɏ Ȼɚɪɚɧɧɢɤɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚɦɨɜɚ ɟɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɿɹ
± Ʉ ȼɢɞɜɨÄɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚɟɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɿɹ´ɿɦ Ɇ ɉ Ȼɚɠɚɧɚ± ɋ ±
Ȼɚɪɚɧɨɜ Ⱥ ɇ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɢɡɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɭɱɟɛɩɨɫɨɛȺ ɇ Ȼɚɪɚɧɨɜ± Ɇ Ɏɥɢɧɬɚ ɇɚɭɤɚ±
ɫ
Ȼɚɪɬ Ɋ ɂɡɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɋɟɦɢɨɬɢɤɚ ɉɨɷɬɢɤɚ Ɋ Ȼɚɪɬ ±
Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ± ɫ
92
Ȼɚɪɯɭɞɚɪɨɜ Ʌ ɋ Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɢ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ
ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ Ʌ ɋ Ȼɚɪɯɭɞɚɪɨɜ ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ± ± ʋ ±
ɋ ±
Ȼɚɰɟɜɢɱ Ɏ ɋ Ɉɫɧɨɜɢ ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɬɢɜɧɨʀ ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤ
Ɏ ɋ Ȼɚɰɟɜɢɱ± >±ɝɟɜɢɞɞɨɩ@ ± Ʉ ȼɐÄȺɤɚɞɟɦɿɹ´± ɫ
Ȼɚɰɟɜɢɱ Ɏ ɉɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɚɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɿɫɩɿɥɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɬɢɜɧɿɫɦɢɫɥɢ
ɿ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɢ ɱɚɫɬɤɢ ɬɚ ɜ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨɦɭ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɦɭ ɦɨɜɥɟɧɧɿ
Ɏ Ȼɚɰɟɜɢɱɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚɦɨɜɚ± ± ʋ± ɋ ±
Ȼɟɡɭɝɥɚ Ʌ Ɋ ȼɟɪɛɚɥɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɿɦɩɥɿɰɢɬɧɢɯ ɫɦɢɫɥɿɜ ɭ ɧɿɦɟɰɶɤɨɦɨɜɧɨɦɭ
ɞɿɚɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɦɭ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɿ Ʌ Ɋ Ȼɟɡɭɝɥɚ ± ɏɚɪɤɿɜ ɏɇɍ ɿɦ ȼ ɇ Ʉɚɪɚɡɿɧɚ ±
ɫ
Ȼɟɥɥɟɪɬ ɂ Ɉɛ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɂ Ȼɟɥɥɟɪɬ ɇɨɜɨɟ ɜ
ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɣɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
Ȼɟɥɨɭɫɨɜ Ʉ ɂ ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɭɱɟɛ
ɩɨɫɨɛ Ʉ ɂ Ȼɟɥɨɭɫɨɜɇ Ⱥ Ȼɥɚɡɧɨɜɚ± Ɇ Ɏɥɢɧɬɚ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
Ȼɟɥɨɭɫɨɜ Ʉ ɂ ɋɢɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ɉɬ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɤ ɮɨɪɦɟ
Ʉ ɂ Ȼɟɥɨɭɫɨɜ± Ɇ ɄɧɢɠɧɵɣɞɨɦÄɅɂȻɊɈɄɈɆ´± ɫ
Ȼɟɧɜɟɧɢɫɬ ɗ Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɗ Ȼɟɧɜɟɧɢɫɬ ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ
± ɫ
Ȼɟɪɟɝɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɗ Ɇ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɮɢɝɭɪ ɤɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟɝɪɚɞɚɰɢɢ
ɗ Ɇ Ȼɟɪɟɝɨɜɫɤɚɹȼɨɩɪɨɫɵɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ± ± ʋ± ɋ ±
Ȼɢɪɟɧɛɚɭɦ ə Ƚ Ɋɨɥɶ ɫɨɸɡɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɟɧɬɟɡ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ
ə Ƚ Ȼɢɪɟɧɛɚɭɦ Ɇɟɠɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɜ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ
ɹɡɵɤɟ ɦɟɠɜɭɡɫɛɧɚɭɱɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± ɑɟɥɹɛɢɧɫɤ ɑȽɉɂ± ɋ ±
Ȼɥɨɯɢɧɫɤɚɹ Ʌ Ɉ Ʉɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɝɨɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ʌ Ɉ Ȼɥɨɯɢɧɫɤɚɹ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ 9,
ɦɟɠɜɭɡɧɚɭɱɩɪɚɤɬɤɨɧɮ± Ȼɢɣɫɤ ɇɂɐȻɉȽɍ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
Ȼɨɛɪɢɤɨɜɚ ȿ ɇ ɋɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɜ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ Äɩɨɬɨɤɚ
ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ´ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ ɪɨɦɚɧɚ Ⱦɠɟɣɦɫɚ Ⱦɠɨɣɫɚ Äɍɥɢɫɫ´ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫɫ ɧɚ
ɫɨɢɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɭɱ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɤɚɧɞ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰ ÄɌɟɨɪɢɹ ɹɡɵɤɚ´
ȿ ɇ Ȼɨɛɪɢɤɨɜɚ± ɊɨɫɬɨɜɧɚȾɨɧɭ± ɫ
Ȼɨɣɱɭɤ ɇ Ɍɪɚɤɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɩɨɧɹɬɬɹɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɭɿɬɟɤɫɬɭɭɫɭɱɚɫɧɿɣɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɰɿ
ɇ Ȼɨɣɱɭɤ ɋɭɱɚɫɧɿ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɝɟɪɦɚɧɿɫɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɢ ɦɿɠɧɚɪ ɧɚɭɤ
ɤɨɧɮ± Ⱦɪɨɝɨɛɢɱ ȼɢɞɚɜɟɰɶɋɭɪɦɚ± ɋ ±
Ȼɨɥɨɬɧɨɜɚ ɇ ɋ Ɏɢɥɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɭɱɟɛ ɩɨɫɨɛ
ɇ ɋ Ȼɨɥɨɬɧɨɜɚ± >±ɟɢɡɞɢɫɩɪɢɞɨɩ@± Ɇ Ɏɥɢɧɬɚ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
Ȼɨɧɞɚɪɟɧɤɨ Ⱥ ȱ ɏɭɞɨɠɧɿɣ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɜ ɿɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɿɣɧɨɦɭ ɜɢɦɿɪɿ
ɥɿɧɝɜɨɫɬɢɥɿɫɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ ɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤ Ⱥ ȱ Ȼɨɧɞɚɪɟɧɤɨ ± ɇɿɠɢɧ ɇɿɠɢɧɫɶɤɢɣ
ɞɟɪɠɭɧɬɿɦ Ɇ Ƚɨɝɨɥɹ± ɫ
Ȼɨɪɛɨɬɶɤɨ ȼ Ƚ ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɚ ɨɬ
ɩɫɢɯɨɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɤ ɥɢɧɝɜɨɫɢɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɤɟ ȼ Ƚ Ȼɨɪɛɨɬɶɤɨ ± >±ɟ ɢɡɞ ɢɫɩɪ@ ±
Ɇ 8566 Ʌɢɛɪɨɤɨɦ± ɫ
Ȼɪɚɧɞɟɫ Ɇ ɉ ɋɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ɍɟɨɪɟɬ ɤɭɪɫ Ɇ ɉ Ȼɪɚɧɞɟɫ ±
>±ɟɢɡɞɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɢɞɨɩ@ ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ±Ɍɪɚɞɢɰɢɹ ɂɧɮɪɚɆ± ɫ
93
Ȼɭɯɛɢɧɞɟɪ ȼ Ⱥ Ɉ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ȼ Ⱥ Ȼɭɯɛɢɧɞɟɪ
ȿ Ⱦ Ɋɨɡɚɧɨɜȼɨɩɪɨɫɵɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ± ± ʋ± ɋ ±
ȼɚɥɝɢɧɚ ɇ ɋ Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɭɱɟɛ ɩɨɫɨɛ ɇ ɋ ȼɚɥɝɢɧɚ ± Ɇ Ʌɨɝɨɫ
± ɫ
ȼɚɫɢɥɶɟɜ ɋ Ⱥ ɋɢɧɬɟɡ ɫɦɵɫɥɚ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɢ
ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɋ Ⱥ ȼɚɫɢɥɶɟɜ ± Ʉ ɇɚɭɤɨɜɚ ɞɭɦɤɚ ±
ɫ
ȼɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɨɜ ȼ ȼ Ɉ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɡɵ ɢɡɛɪ ɬɪɭɞɵ
ȼ ȼ ȼɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɨɜ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
ȼɨɥɱɚɧɫɶɤɚ Ƚ ȼ Ɏɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɡɚɣɦɟɧɧɢɤɨɜɢɯ ɫɥɿɜ ɭ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɿ
ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɞɢɫ « ɤɚɧɞ ɮɿɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ ȼɨɥɱɚɧɫɶɤɚ Ƚɚɧɧɚ ȼɚɫɢɥɿɜɧɚ ±
Ʉɿɪɨɜɨɝɪɚɞ± ɫ
ȼɨɪɨɛɶɟɜɚ Ɉ ɉ Ɍɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɟ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɬɚ
Ɉ ɉ ȼɨɪɨɛɶɟɜɚ± Ʉ ȼɢɳɚɲɤɨɥɚ± ɫ
ȼɫɟɜɨɥɨɞɨɜɚ Ɇ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɤɚɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ
ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɹɡɵɤɚ Ɇ ȼɫɟɜɨɥɨɞɨɜɚ Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɫɬɭɞɿʀ ɡɛ ɧɚɭɤ ɩɪɚɰɶ ±
Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ Ⱦɨɧɇɍ± ȼɢɩ ± ɋ ±
Ƚɚɭɡɟɧɛɥɚɡ Ʉ Ɉ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɟ ɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɱɟɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ
Ʉ Ƚɚɭɡɟɧɛɥɚɡ ɇɨɜɨɟɜɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɣɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ± ȼɵɩ
± ɋ ±
Ƚɢɥɶɞɢɧɚ Ⱥ Ʉ Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɪɟɬɪɨɫɩɟɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ Ⱥ Ʉ Ƚɢɥɶɞɢɧɚ
Ɇɟɠɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɜ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɦɟɠɜɭɡ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ
ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± ɑɟɥɹɛɢɧɫɤ ɑȽɉɂ± ɋ ±
Ƚɿɤɨɜ Ʌ ȼ Ɉɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɜɠɢɜɚɧɧɹ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɿ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɯ
ɨɞɢɧɢɰɶ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɶɤɨɦɭ ɫɬɢɥɿ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿ ɧɿɦɟɰɶɤɨʀ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨʀ ɩɪɨɡɢ ɞɢɫ «
ɤɚɧɞɮɿɥɨɥɧɚɭɤ ȽɿɤɨɜɅɟɨɧɿɞȼɿɤɬɨɪɨɜɢɱ± ɑɟɪɧɿɜɰɿ± ɫ
Ƚɥɚɞɶɨ ɋ ȼ ȿɦɨɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɨɤɨɝɧɿɬɢɜɧɢɣ
ɚɫɩɟɤɬ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨʀ ɚɧɝɥɨɦɨɜɧɨʀ ɩɪɨɡɢ ɞɢɫ « ɤɚɧɞ ɮɿɥɨɥ
ɧɚɭɤ Ƚɥɚɞɶɨɋɜɿɬɥɚɧɚȼɿɤɬɨɪɿɜɧɚ± Ʉɢʀɜ± ɫ
Ƚɨɥɹɧɢɱ Ɇ Ʉɭɪɫ ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɿɡɭ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɭ ɫɜɿɬɥɿ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɢɯ
ɧɚɭɤɨɜɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦ Ɇ Ƚɨɥɹɧɢɱ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚ ɦɨɜɚ ɜ ɨɫɜɿɬɿ ± ȱɜɚɧɨ
Ɏɪɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤ Äɉɥɚɣ´± ɋ ±
Ƚɨɪɲɤɨɜɚ ɂ Ɇ Ⱦɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɜ
ɱɟɯɨɫɥɨɜɚɰɤɨɣ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ ɂ Ɇ Ƚɨɪɲɤɨɜɚ ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ
± ɋ ±
Ƚɪɟɳɭɤ Ɉ Ȼ ɋɥɨɜɨɬɜɿɪ ɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿ ɩɨɪɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɞɢɫ « ɤɚɧɞ
ɮɿɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ Ƚɪɟɳɭɤ Ɉɤɫɚɧɚ Ȼɨɝɞɚɧɿɜɧɚ ± ȱɜɚɧɨɎɪɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤ ±
ɫ
Ƚɪɭɲɤɨ ɇ Ɍɟɤɫɬɨɜɿ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿʀ ɹɤ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɫɬɿ
ɇ Ƚɪɭɲɤɨ Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɫɬɭɞɿʀ ɡɛ ɧɚɭɤ ɩɪɚɰɶ ± Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ Ⱦɨɧɇɍ ±
ȼɢɩ ± ɋ ±
94
Ƚɭɪɟɜɢɱ ȼ ȼ Ɉ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɦ ɞɟɣɤɫɢɫɟ ȼ ȼ Ƚɭɪɟɜɢɱ Ƚɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɦɟɠɜɭɡ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂ ɢɦ ȼ ɂ Ʌɟɧɢɧɚ
± ɋ ±
Ƚɸɛɛɟɧɟɬ ɂ ȼ Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɮɢɥɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨ
ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɞɥɹɢɡɭɱɚɧɝɥɹɡɂ ȼ Ƚɸɛɛɟɧɟɬ± Ɇ ɂɡɞɜɨɆȽɍ
± ɫ
Ⱦɚɰɤɨ Ɍ Ɏ ɋɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ
ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ Ɍ Ɏ Ⱦɚɰɤɨ ± Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɞɚɪ Ʉɭɛɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɢɡɞ ɞɨɦ
± ɫ
Ⱦɟɣɤ ɜɚɧ Ɍ Ⱥ ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ɍ Ⱥ ɜɚɧ Ⱦɟɣɤ
ȼ Ʉɢɧɱ ɇɨɜɨɟ ɜ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ ± ȼɵɩ ±
ɋ ±
Ⱦɟɣɤ ɜɚɧ Ɍ Ⱥ əɡɵɤ ɉɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ Ʉɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɫɛ ɪɚɛɨɬ
Ɍ Ⱥ ɜɚɧ Ⱦɟɣɤ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ± ɫ
Ⱦɢɞɤɨɜɫɤɚɹ Ʌ Ⱥ Ɉ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɧɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ
Ʌ Ⱥ Ⱦɢɞɤɨɜɫɤɚɹ Ɋɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ
ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂəɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
Ⱦɨɥɢɧɢɧ Ʉ Ⱥ ɂɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ʉ Ⱥ Ⱦɨɥɢɧɢɧ ±
Ɇ ɉɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ± ɫ
Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɢɯ Ʌ ɂ ɋɥɨɜɨ ɢ ɦɵɫɥɶ ɜ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ
Ʌ ɂ Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɢɯ± Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ Äɒɬɢɧɢɰɚ´± ɫ
Ⱦɨɪɨɞɧɵɯ Ⱥ ɂ ɄɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɚɹɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɢɬɟɤɫɬȺ ɂ Ⱦɨɪɨɞɧɵɯ
ɋɦɵɫɥɨɜɵɟɢɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɬɟɤɫɬɚɢɟɝɨɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɦɟɠɜɭɡɫɛ
ɧɚɭɱɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± ɂɜɚɧɨɜɨ ɂɡɞɜɨɂɜɚɧɨɜɫɤɨɝɨɭɧɬɚ± ɋ ±
Ⱦɪɟɫɫɥɟɪ ȼ ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ȼ Ⱦɪɟɫɫɥɟɪ ɇɨɜɨɟ ɜ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɣ
ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
Ⱦɪɢɞɡɟ Ɍ Ɇ Ɍɟɤɫɬɨɜɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɫɟɦɢɨɫɨɰɢɨɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ɍ Ɇ Ⱦɪɢɞɡɟ ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ
± ɫ
Ⱦɵɦɚɪɫɤɢɣ Ɇ ə ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ
ɬɟɤɫɬ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ ɪɭɫɫɤ ɩɪɨɡɵ ;,;±;; ɜɜ Ɇ ə Ⱦɵɦɚɪɫɤɢɣ ±
>±ɟɢɡɞɢɫɩɪɢɞɨɩ@± Ɇ ɍɊɋɋ ± ɫ
ȿɪɦɚɤɨɜɚ ɂ ȼ Ⱥɜɬɨɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɹɧɚɫɜɟɪɯɮɪɚɡɨɜɨɦɭɪɨɜɧɟɂ ȼ ȿɪɦɚɤɨɜɚ
Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɪɚɛɨɬ >ɨɬɜ ɪɟɞ Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɫɤɚɹ Ɉ ɂ@ ±
Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂəɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
ȯɳɟɧɤɨ Ɍ Ⱥ Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɢɣɚɧɚɥɿɡɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɧɚɜɱɩɨɫɿɛɌ Ⱥ ȯɳɟɧɤɨ±
Ʉ ȼɐÄȺɤɚɞɟɦɿɹ´± ɫ
Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɨ Ⱥ ɌɟɤɫɬɹɤɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɚɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿɹȺ ɁɚɝɧɿɬɤɨɅɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ
ɫɬɭɞɿʀ ɡɛɧɚɭɤɩɪɚɰɶ± Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ ȾɨɧȾɍ± ȼɢɩ ± ɋ ±
Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɨ Ⱥ ɉ Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɌɟɨɪɿɹɿɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦȺ ɉ Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɨ±
Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɨ Ⱥ ɉ Ɉɫɧɨɜɢɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɧɚɭɤɧɚɜɱɜɢɞȺ ɉ Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɨ±
Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ Ⱦɨɧɇɍ± ɫ
95
Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɨ Ⱥ ɉ Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɧɚ ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨʀ ɦɨɜɢ
ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɿɹȺ ɉ Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɨ± Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ Ⱦɨɧɇɍ± ɫ
Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɨ Ⱥ ɉ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɣ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɧɚɜɱɩɪɚɤɬ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ >ɜ ɱ@
Ⱥ ɉ Ɂɚɝɧɿɬɤɨ Ɇ Ɉ ȼɿɧɬɨɧɿɜ Ʌ ȼ ɋɟɝɿɧ ± Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤɋɥɨɜ¶ɹɧɫɶɤ Ⱦɨɧɇɍ
± ɫ
Ɂɚɥɟɜɫɤɚɹ Ⱥ Ⱥ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ Ⱥ Ⱥ Ɂɚɥɟɜɫɤɚɹ ±
Ɍɜɟɪɶ Ɍɜɟɪɫɤɨɣ ɝɨɫɭɧɬ± ɫ
Ɂɚɫɽɤɿɧ ɋ ȼ Ⱦɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɿ ɦɚɪɤɟɪɢ ɤɨɝɟɪɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɿ ɚɧɝɥɨɦɨɜɧɨɝɨ
ɞɿɚɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɤɨɝɧɿɬɢɜɧɢɣ ɬɚ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɢ ɞɢɫ « ɤɚɧɞ ɮɿɥɨɥ
ɧɚɭɤ Ɂɚɫɽɤɿɧɋɟɪɝɿɣȼɚɫɢɥɶɨɜɢɱ± Ʌɭɰɶɤ± ɫ
Ɂɢɥɶɛɟɪɦɚɧ Ʌ ɂ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɨ
ɨɛɭɱɱɬɟɧɚɧɝɥɧɚɭɱɥɢɬɅ ɂ Ɂɢɥɶɛɟɪɦɚɧ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
Ɂɢɧɨɜɶɟɜɚ Ⱥ Ɏ Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ
ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ⱥ Ɏ Ɂɢɧɨɜɶɟɜɚ ɉɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ±
ɂɜɚɧɱɢɤɨɜɚ ȿ Ⱥ Ʌɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɜɬɨɪ ɤɚɤ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɟɦ
ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ȿ Ⱥ ɂɜɚɧɱɢɤɨɜɚ Ɇɵɫɥɢ ɨ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ
ɪɭɫɫɤɨɦɹɡɵɤɟ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ± ɋ ±
ɂɜɚɧɱɢɤɨɜɚ ȿ Ⱥ ɉɚɪɰɟɥɥɹɰɢɹ ɟɟ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɢ
ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ȿ Ⱥ ɂɜɚɧɱɢɤɨɜɚ Ɇɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ
ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ ±
ɋ ±
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ >ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ Ɍ ȼ ɐɢɜɶɹɧ@ ±
Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
Ʉɚɝɚɧɨɜɫɶɤɚ Ɉ Ɇ Ʌɨɝɿɤɨɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɿ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɢɹɤɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɫɩɿɜɜɿɞɧɨɲɟɧɧɹ
ɿɦɩɥɿɤɚɰɿʀ ɬɚ ɟɤɫɩɥɿɤɚɰɿʀ Ɉ Ɇ Ʉɚɝɚɧɨɜɫɶɤɚ ɋɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɦɨɜɢ ɿ
ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɢ 9, ɦɿɠɧɚɪ ɤɨɧɮ ± ɜɟɪɟɫɧɹ ɪɨɤɭ ±
ȱɜɚɧɨɎɪɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤ ɉɪɢɤɚɪɩɚɬɫɶɤɢɣ ɧɚɰ ɭɧɬ ɿɦ ȼ ɋɬɟɮɚɧɢɤɚ ±
ɋ ±
Ʉɚɣɞɚ Ʌ Ƚ ɋɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɨɬ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ±
ɤɞɟɤɨɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɭɱɟɛɩɨɫɨɛ Ʌ Ƚ Ʉɚɣɞɚ± Ɇ Ɏɥɢɧɬɚ± ɫ
Ʉɚɦɟɧɫɤɚɹ Ɉ Ʌ Ɍɟɤɫɬɢɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɭɱɟɛɩɨɫɨɛɞɥɹɢɧɬɨɜɢɮɬɨɜ
ɢɧɨɫɬɪɹɡ Ɉ Ʌ Ʉɚɦɟɧɫɤɚɹ± Ɇ ȼɵɫɲɚɹɲɤɨɥɚ± ɫ
Ʉɚɰɧɟɥɶɫɨɧ ɋ Ⱦ Ɍɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɢ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɟ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɟ
ɋ Ⱦ Ʉɚɰɧɟɥɶɫɨɧ± >±ɟɢɡɞɫɬɟɪ@± Ɇ ȿɞɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɍɊɋɋ± ɫ
Ʉɢɛɪɢɤ Ⱥ Ⱥ Ɏɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɨɢɦɟɧɧɨɚɧɚɮɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɧɨɦɢɧɚɰɢɹȺ Ⱥ Ʉɢɛɪɢɤȼɨɩɪɨɫɵɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ± ± ʋ± ɋ ±
Ʉɨɜɚɥɶɱɭɤ ɂ ɘ ɉɨɜɬɨɪ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫɫ ɧɚ
ɫɨɢɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɭɱ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɤɚɧɞ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰ ÄɊɨɦɚɧɫɤɢɟ ɹɡɵɤɢ´
ɂ ɘ Ʉɨɜɚɥɶɱɭɤ± ɉɹɬɢɝɨɪɫɤ± ɫ
Ʉɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɚ Ʉ Ɉɛ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɚɯ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɤɚɤ ɰɟɥɨɦ
Ʉ Ʉɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɟɤɫɬɚ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɋ ±
96
Ʉɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɚ Ʉ Ɏɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ
ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ʉ Ʉɨɠɟɜɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɢ ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɤɚ ±
Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɋ ±
Ʉɨɠɢɧɚ Ɇ ɇ Ɉ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɨɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ɇ ɇ Ʉɨɠɢɧɚ Ɏɢɥɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ ± ± ʋ ±
& ±
Ʉɨɱɟɪɝɚɧ Ɇ ɉ Ɂɿɫɬɚɜɧɟ ɦɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɢ ɣ
ɪɿɜɧɿɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ Ɇ ɉ Ʉɨɱɟɪɝɚɧ Ɇɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ ± ± ʋ± & ±
Ʉɨɲɟɜɚɹ ɂ Ƚ Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɂ Ƚ Ʉɨɲɟɜɚɹ
Ⱥ ɍ ɉɚɧɚɯɨɜɚ Ɍ ɂ ɋɬɪɢɝɭɧɨɜɚ Ƚɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɦɟɠɜɭɡ
ɫɛɧɚɭɱɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɢɦ ȼ ɂ Ʌɟɧɢɧɚ± ɋ ±
Ʉɪɚɫɧɵɯ ȼ ȼ Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ Ʉɭɪɫ
ɥɟɤɰɢɣ ȼ ȼ Ʉɪɚɫɧɵɯ ± Ɇ ɂɌȾȽɄÄȽɧɨɡɢɫ´± ɫ
Ʉɭɡɧɟɰɨɜɚ ɗ Ɇ Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɫɦɵɫɥɚ ɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ
ɫɜɟɪɯɮɪɚɡɨɜɨɦɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɗ Ɇ ɄɭɡɧɟɰɨɜɚɅɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɛɧɚɭɱɪɚɛɨɬ
>ɨɬɜ ɪɟɞ Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɫɤɚɹ Ɉ ɂ@ ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂə ɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ ±
ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
Ʉɭɩɢɧɚ ɇ Ⱥ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɭɱɟɛ ɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɨ ɫɩɟɰɤɭɪɫɭ ɇ Ⱥ Ʉɭɩɢɧɚ ±
ɋɜɟɪɞɥɨɜɫɤ ɍɪɚɥɶɫɤɢɣɝɨɫɭɧɬɢɦ Ⱥ Ɇ Ƚɨɪɶɤɨɝɨ± ɫ
Ʉɭɯɚɪɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ⱥ ,ɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰLɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɩLɞɪɭɱɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞ ɫɬɚɪɲ ɤɭɪɫ
ɮLɥɨɥɫɩɟɰȼ Ⱥ Ʉɭɯɚɪɟɧɤɨ ± ȼLɧɧɢɰɹ ɇɨɜɚɤɧɢɝɚ ± ɫ
Ʌɚɡɚɪɟɧɤɨ ɋ ȼ Ɂɚɫɨɛɢ ɬɚ ɮɨɪɦɢ ɪɟɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɿʀ ɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨɫɬɿ ɜ ɝɚɡɟɬɧɨɦɭ
ɬɟɤɫɬɿ ɞɢɫ«ɤɚɧɞɮɿɥɨɥɧɚɭɤ Ʌɚɡɚɪɟɧɤɨɋɜɿɬɥɚɧɚȼ¶ɹɱɟɫɥɚɜɿɜɧɚ±
Ɉɞɟɫɚ± ɫ
Ʌɟɜɢɰɤɢɣ Ⱥ ɗ ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɟɦɟɰɤɨɝɨ
ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɭɤɪɚɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɨɜ ɭɱɟɛ ɩɨɫɨɛ Ⱥ ɗ Ʌɟɜɢɰɤɢɣ ɇ Ⱦ Ȼɨɪɢɫɟɧɤɨ
Ⱥ Ⱥ Ȼɨɪɢɫɨɜɢ ɞɪ± Ʉ Ɉɫɜɢɬɚɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ± ɫ
Ʌɟɜɢɰɤɢɣ ɘ Ⱥ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɘ Ⱥ Ʌɟɜɢɰɤɢɣ ±
ɉɟɪɦɶ ɉɟɪɦɫɤɢɣɝɨɫɭɧɬɢɦ Ⱥ Ɇ Ƚɨɪɶɤɨɝɨ± ɫ
Ʌɟɣɤɢɧɚ Ȼ Ɇ Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨɛ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɰɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ
Ȼ Ɇ Ʌɟɣɤɢɧɚ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɚɹ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ± Ʌ Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞɫɤɢɣ
ɝɨɫɭɧɬ ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɷɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ >ɝɥ ɪɟɞ ȼ ɇ əɪɰɟɜɚ@ ±
Ɇ ɋɨɜɷɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɹ± ɫ
Ʌɨɫɟɜɚ Ʌ Ɇ Ʉɚɤ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɫɹ ɬɟɤɫɬ" Ʌ Ɇ Ʌɨɫɟɜɚ ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ
± ɫ
Ʌɨɫɟɜɚ Ʌ Ɇ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɰɟɥɵɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ
Ʌ Ɇ Ʌɨɫɟɜɚ ± Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ Ɉɛɥ ɢɧɬ ɭɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɱɢɬɟɥɟɣ ±
ɫ
Ʌɨɬɦɚɧ ɘ Ɇ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɘ Ɇ Ʌɨɬɦɚɧ ±
Ɇ ɂɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɨ± ɫ
Ʌɭɡɢɧɚ Ʌ Ƚ Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ Ʉɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɢ
ɩɪɚɝɦɚɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɚɫɩɟɤɬɵɅ Ƚ Ʌɭɡɢɧɚ± Ɇ ɂɇɂɈɇɊȺɇ± ɫ
97
Ʌɭɤɢɧ ȼ Ⱥ ɏɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ȼ Ⱥ Ʌɭɤɢɧ± Ɇ Ɉɫɶ ± ± ɫ
Ʌɭɤ’ɹɧɨɜɚ Ɍ ȼ ɉɪɨ ɪɨɡɦɟɠɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɿɞɯɨɞɿɜ ɞɨ ɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɡ
ɩɨɡɢɰɿɣ ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɬɚ ɿɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɿʀ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ Ɍ ȼ Ʌɭɤ¶ɹɧɨɜɚ
Ɇɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ± ± ʋ± ɋ ±
Ʌɭɰɚɤ ɋ Ɇ ȼɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɩɪɨɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿ
ɯɭɞɨɠɧɿɯɬɜɨɪɿɜȱ Ɏɪɚɧɤɚ ɞɢɫ« ɤɚɧɞɮɿɥɨɥɧɚɭɤ Ʌɭɰɚɤɋɜɿɬɥɚɧɚ
Ɇɢɤɨɥɚʀɜɧɚ± ȱɜɚɧɨɎɪɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤ± ɫ
Ɇɚɣɟɧɨɜɚ Ɇ Ɋ Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɩɨɷɬɢɤɢ
Ɇ Ɋ Ɇɚɣɟɧɨɜɚ ɇɨɜɨɟ ɜ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ ±
ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
Ɇɚɥɵɱɟɜɚ ɇ ȼ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɰɟɥɨɟ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫɫ ɧɚ ɫɨɢɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɭɱ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ
ɞɨɤɬɨɪɚ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰ ÄɊɭɫɫɤɢɣ ɹɡɵɤ´ ɇ ȼ Ɇɚɥɵɱɟɜɚ ± Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ
ɧɚȾɨɧɭ± ɫ
Ɇɚɧɭɱɚɪɨɜɚ Ʌ Ⱥ Ʌɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɧɚ ɦɟɠɮɪɚɡɨɜɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ
Ʌ Ⱥ Ɇɚɧɭɱɚɪɨɜɚ ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɪɨɦɚɧɨɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɮɢɥɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɦɟɠɜɭɡ
ɫɛɧɚɭɱɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± ɉɹɬɢɝɨɪɫɤ ɉȽɅɍ± ɋ ±
Ɇɚɫɥɨɜ Ȼ Ⱥ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɝɨ
ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɭɱɟɛɩɨɫɨɛɤɫɩɟɰɤɭɪɫɭȻ Ⱥ Ɇɚɫɥɨɜ± Ɍɚɥɥɢɧ Ɍɚɥɥɢɧɫɤɢɣɩɟɞɢɧɬ
± ɫ
Ɇɚɫɥɨɜɚ ȼ Ⱥ ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɭɱɟɛ ɩɨɫɨɛ
ȼ Ⱥ Ɇɚɫɥɨɜɚ± Ɇ Ɏɥɢɧɬɚ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
Ɇɚɬɜɟɟɜɚ Ɍ ȼ Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɬɢɥɢ ɜ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ
ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɫɢɧɯɪɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜ ɨɱɟɪɤ Ɍ ȼ Ɇɚɬɜɟɟɜɚ ± ɋɜɟɪɞɥɨɜɫɤ ɂɡɞɜɨ
ɍɪɚɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɧɬɚɢɦ Ⱥ Ɇ Ƚɨɪɶɤɨɝɨ± ɫ
Ɇɚɬɜɿɣɱɭɤ Ɍ ɉ Ɂɚɣɦɟɧɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɢɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿɣ ɞɢɫ «
ɤɚɧɞɮɿɥɨɥɧɚɭɤ ɆɚɬɜɿɣɱɭɤɌɟɬɹɧɚɉɚɜɥɿɜɧɚ± Ʉɢʀɜ± ɫ
Ɇɚɰɶɤɨ Ʌ ȱ Ɋɢɬɨɪɢɤɚ ɧɚɜɱ ɩɨɫɿɛ Ʌ ȱ Ɇɚɰɶɤɨ Ɉ Ɇ Ɇɚɰɶɤɨ ±
Ʉ ȼɢɳɚɲɤɨɥɚ± ɫ
Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɚ >ɋ Ɍɢɱɟɪ Ɇ Ɇɟɣɟɪ Ɋ ȼɨɞɚɤ
ȿ ȼɟɬɬɟɪ ɩɟɪɫɚɧɝɥɢɩɨɞɪɟɞȺ Ⱥ Ʉɢɫɟɥɟɜɨɣ@± ɏ Ƚɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɰɟɧɬɪ
± F
Ɇɟɰɥɟɪ Ⱥ Ⱥ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ Ⱥ Ⱥ Ɇɟɰɥɟɪ ±
Ʉɢɲɢɧɟɜ Ȼɟɥɶɰɤɢɣɝɨɫɩɟɞɢɧɬɢɦ Ⱥ Ɋɭɫɫɨ± ɫ
Ɇɟɱɤɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɇ Ȼ Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ
ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɹɡɵɤɨɜ ɭɱɟɛ ɩɨɫɨɛ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɢ ɥɢɧɝɜ ɫɩɟɰ
ɇ Ȼ Ɇɟɱɤɨɜɫɤɚɹ ± >±ɟɢɡɞ@ ± Ɇ Ɏɥɢɧɬɚ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
Ɇɨɢɫɟɟɜɚ ɂ ɘ ɋɢɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ
ɞɢɫɫ ɧɚ ɫɨɢɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɭɱ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɞɨɤɬɨɪɚ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰ ÄɌɟɨɪɢɹ
ɹɡɵɤɚ´ɂ ɘ Ɇɨɢɫɟɟɜɚ± ɑɟɥɹɛɢɧɫɤ± ɫ
Ɇɨɪɨɯɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ ɇ Ʉ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ
Ⱥ ɇ Ɇɨɪɨɯɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ±
Ʉ ɄȽɉɂɂə± ɋ ±
98
Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɫɤɚɹ Ɉ ɂ Ƚɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɭɱɟɛɩɨɫɨɛ Ɉ ɂ Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɫɤɚɹ
± Ɇ ȼɵɫɲɚɹɲɤɨɥɚ± ɫ
Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɫɤɚɹ Ɉ ɂ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɤɚɤ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ
Ɉ ɂ Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɫɤɚɹɂɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɟɹɡɵɤɢɜɲɤɨɥɟ± ± ʋ± ɋ ±
Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɱɭɤ Ƚ Ƚ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ
Ƚ Ƚ Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɱɭɤ± Ɇ ȿɞɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɍɊɋɋ± ɫ
Ɇɭɪɡɢɧ Ʌ ɇ Ɉɫɧɨɜɵɞɟɪɢɜɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ʉɨɧɫɩɟɤɬɥɟɤɰɢɣ Ʌ ɇ Ɇɭɪɡɢɧ±
ɉɟɪɦɶ ɉɟɪɦɫɤɢɣɝɨɫɭɧɬɢɦ Ⱥ Ɇ Ƚɨɪɶɤɨɝɨ ± ɫ
ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɚ Ɍ Ɇ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɢ
ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵ Ɍ Ɇ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɚ ɇɨɜɨɟ ɜ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ ±
Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
ɇɨɜɢɤɨɜ Ⱥ ɂ ɋɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɜ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ
Ⱥ ɂ ɇɨɜɢɤɨɜȿ ɂ əɪɨɫɥɚɜɰɟɜɚ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
ɇɨɜɢɤɨɜ Ʌ Ⱥ ɏɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ Ʌ Ⱥ ɇɨɜɢɤɨɜ ±
>±ɟɢɡɞɢɫɩɪ@ ± Ɇ ȿɞɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɍɊɋɋ± ɫ
ɇɨɡɞɪɢɧɚ Ʌ Ⱥ ȼɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɜ
ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɞɢɫɫ « ɞɨɤɬɨɪɚ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ
ɇɨɡɞɪɢɧɚ Ʌɸɞɦɢɥɚ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɧɚ± Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ± ɫ
ɇɨɡɞɪɢɧɚ Ʌ Ⱥ ɂɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɹ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɉɨɷɬɢɤɚ
ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɭɱɟɛɩɨɫɨɛɞɥɹɥɢɧɝɜɜɭɡɢɮɬɨɜ Ʌ Ⱥ ɇɨɡɞɪɢɧɚ
± Ɇ Ⱦɪɨɮɚ± ɫ
ɇɨɡɞɪɢɧɚ Ʌ Ⱥ əɡɵɤɨɜɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɟɥɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɢɯ
ɪɚɫɫɤɚɡɨɜ Ʌ Ⱥ ɇɨɡɞɪɢɧɚ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɪɚɛɨɬ
ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɨɜɚ ȿ Ɇ Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɚɹɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹɤɚɤɦɟɠɴɹɡɵɤɨɜɚɹ
ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɢɹ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɭɤɪɚɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ
ɹɡɵɤɨɜ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɹȿ Ɇ Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɨɜɚ± Ɉɞɟɫɫɚ Ɏɟɧɢɤɫ± ɫ
Ɉɜɫɹɧɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɇ Ɇ Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ
ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Äɫɜɟɪɯɚɛɡɚɰɧɵɯ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜ´ ɇ Ɇ Ɉɜɫɹɧɧɢɤɨɜɚ
ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤɆȽɍɋɟɪɢɹɎɢɥɨɥɨɝɢɹ± ± ʋ± & ±
Ɉɞɢɧɰɨɜ ȼ ȼ Ɉ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ȼ ȼ Ɉɞɢɧɰɨɜ
Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɥɢɬɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ ɦɟɠɜɭɡ
ɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɫɛ± Ʉɚɥɢɧɢɧ Ʉɚɥɢɧɢɧɫɤɢɣɝɨɫɭɧɬ± ɋ ±
Ɉɞɢɧɰɨɜ ȼ ȼ ɋɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ȼ ȼ Ɉɞɢɧɰɨɜ ± >±ɟ ɢɡɞ ɫɬɟɪ@ ±
Ɇ 8566± ɫ
Ɉɬɤɭɩɳɢɤɨɜɚ Ɇ ɂ ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ɇ ɂ Ɉɬɤɭɩɳɢɤɨɜɚ ±
Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞ ɂɡɞɜɨɅȽɍ± ɫ
ɉɚɜɥɸɤ Ʌ ɋ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɿ ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɰɿɹ Ɉɫɧɨɜɢ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ
ɚɧɚɥɿɡɭ ɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɅ ɋ ɉɚɜɥɸɤ ± Ʌɶɜɿɜ ɉȺȱɋ± ɫ
ɉɚɥɟɤ Ȼ Ʉɪɨɫɫɪɟɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɹ ɤ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɝɢɩɟɪɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɟ Ȼ ɉɚɥɟɤ
ɇɨɜɨɟɜɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɣɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
ɉɚɩɢɧɚ Ⱥ Ɏ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɟɝɨ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɢ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ
Ⱥ Ɏ ɉɚɩɢɧɚ± Ɇ ȿɞɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɍɊɋɋ± ɫ
99
ɉɚɰ Ʌ ɁɚɫɨɛɢɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿʀɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɨʀɤɨɝɟɡɿʀɜɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɦɭɬɟɤɫɬɿɅ ɉɚɰ
Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɫɬɭɞɿʀ ɡɛ ɧɚɭɤ ɩɪɚɰɶ ± Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ Ⱦɨɧɇɍ ± ȼɢɩ ±
ɋ ±
ɉɚɰ Ʌ ȱ ɋɩɨɫɨɛɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɩɚɪɰɟɥɹɰɿɹ ɩɪɢɽɞɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ
ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɰɿɹɅ ȱ ɉɚɰȼɿɫɧɢɤɅɶɜɿɜɫɶɤɨɝɨɭɧɬɭɋɟɪɿɹɮɿɥɨɥɨɝɿɹ± Ʌɶɜɿɜ
± ɑɚɫɬɢɧɚ , ± ȼɢɩ ± ɋ ±
ɉɚɲɭɧɨɜɚ Ʌ Ɉ ɉɪɨ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ ɥɿɧɿʀ ɹɤ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɢ ɩɨɥɶɨɜɨʀ
ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ Ʌ Ɉ ɉɚɲɭɧɨɜɚ Ɇɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ ± ± ʋ ±
ɋ ±
ɉɚɲɭɧɨɜɚ Ʌ Ɉ Ɋɨɥɶ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɥɿɧɿɣ ɭ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɿ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ
ɝɚɡɟɬɧɨʀ ɫɬɚɬɬɿ Ʌ Ɉ ɉɚɲɭɧɨɜɚ ɋɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɨɫɬɢɥɿɫɬɢɱɧɚ ɛɭɞɨɜɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɬɚ
ɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɭɜɚɧɧɹɨɞɢɧɢɰɶɪɿɡɧɢɯɦɨɜɧɢɯɪɿɜɧɿɜ ɡɛɧɚɭɤɩɪɚɰɶ± Ʉ ȱɋȾɈ
± ɋ ±
ɉɢɲɧɚ Ʌ Ɇ ɉɨɜɬɨɪɢ ɹɤ ɡɚɫɿɛ ɜɢɪɚɠɟɧɧɹ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɶɤɨʀ ɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɬɚ
ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɨʀ ɧɚɫɬɚɧɨɜɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɞɢɫ « ɤɚɧɞ ɮɿɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ
ɉɢɲɧɚɅɸɞɦɢɥɚɆɢɯɚɣɥɿɜɧɚ± Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɶɤ± ɫ
ɉɢɳɚɥɶɧɢɤɨɜɚ ȼ Ⱥ Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞ ɜɭɡɨɜ
ȼ Ⱥ ɉɢɳɚɥɶɧɢɤɨɜɚȺ Ƚ ɋɨɧɢɧ± Ɇ ɂɐ ÄȺɤɚɞɟɦɢɹ´± ɫ
ɉɨɡɧɹɤɨɜɚ ɇ Ɉ Ʌɿɧɝɜɨɫɬɢɥɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɬɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɿɣɧɿ ɡɚɫɨɛɢ ɜɿɞɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ
ɟɦɨɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ ɥɸɞɢɧɢ ɜ ɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɦɭ ɬɟɤɫɬɿ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɿ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨʀ ɩɪɨɡɢ
ɏȱɏɫɬ ɞɢɫ«ɤɚɧɞɮɿɥɨɥɧɚɭɤ ɉɨɡɧɹɤɨɜɚɇɚɬɚɥɹɈɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɿɜɧɚ±
Ʉɢʀɜ± ɫ
ɉɨɧɨɦɚɪɟɧɤɨ Ʉ ȼ ȱɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɣɧɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ ɞɟɜɟɪɛɚɬɢɜɿɜ ɭ
ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɬɢɜɧɿɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɿ ɪɟɱɟɧɧɹ ɿ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫ ɧɚ ɡɞɨɛɭɬɬɹ ɧɚɭɤ
ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹɤɚɧɞɮɿɥɨɥɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰÄɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚɦɨɜɚ´Ʉ ȼ ɉɨɧɨɦɚɪɟɧɤɨ
± Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ± ɫ
ɉɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɚ Ɉ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɿ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɢɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿɣ ɭ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɿɣ
ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɰɿ Ɉ ɉɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɚ Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɿ ɫɬɭɞɿʀ ɡɛ ɧɚɭɤ ɩɪɚɰɶ ±
Ⱦɨɧɟɰɶɤ Ⱦɨɧɇɍ± ȼɢɩ ± ɋ ±
ɉɨɩɨɜɚ Ɍ Ƚ Ɍɟɤɫɬɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɚɪɬɢɤɥɹ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɧɟɦɟɰɤɨɦ
ɹɡɵɤɟ Ɍ Ƚ ɉɨɩɨɜɚ Ɋɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ
ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂəɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
ɉɪɚɜɞɢɧ Ɇ ɇ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ
Ɇ ɇ ɉɪɚɜɞɢɧ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱ ɤɨɧɮ ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂə
ɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ± ɑ ȱȱ± ɋ ±
ɉɪɨɯɨɪɨɜ ɘ ȿ Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ Ɍɟɤɫɬ Ⱦɢɫɤɭɪɫ ɭɱɟɛ ɩɨɫɨɛ
ɘ ȿ ɉɪɨɯɨɪɨɜ ± >±ɟɢɡɞɢɫɩɪ@± Ɇ Ɏɥɢɧɬɚ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
ɉɭɲɤɢɧɚ ȿ ɋ Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɤɨɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨ
ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫɫ ɧɚ ɫɨɢɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɭɱ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ
ɤɚɧɞ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰ ÄɌɟɨɪɢɹ ɹɡɵɤɚ´ ȿ ɋ ɉɭɲɤɢɧɚ ± Ʉɟɦɟɪɨɜɨ
± ɫ
ɉɮɸɬɰɟ Ɇ Ƚɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ɇ ɉɮɸɬɰɟ ɇɨɜɨɟ ɜ
100
Ɋɚɞɡɿɽɜɫɶɤɚ Ɍ ȼ Ⱦɟɹɤɿ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀ ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɰɿʀ ɞɨ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɩɢɬɚɧɧɹɌ ȼ ɊɚɞɡɿɽɜɫɶɤɚɆɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ± ± ʋ± ɋ ±
Ɋɚɞɡɿɽɜɫɶɤɚ Ɍ ȼ Ʉɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɢ
ɬɟɤɫɬɨɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ ɞɢɫ « ɞɨɤɬɨɪɚ ɮɿɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ Ɋɚɞɡɿɽɜɫɶɤɚ Ɍɟɬɹɧɚ
ȼɚɞɢɦɿɜɧɚ± Ʉɢʀɜ± ɫ
Ɋɚɞɡɿɽɜɫɶɤɚ Ɍ ȼ ɉɪɨ ɨɞɢɧ ɿɡ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɿɜ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨʀ ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ
Ɍ ȼ ɊɚɞɡɿɽɜɫɶɤɚɆɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ± ± ʋ± ɋ ±
Ɋɚɞɡɿɽɜɫɶɤɚ Ɍ ȼ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɹɤ ɡɚɫɿɛ ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɰɿʀ Ɍ ȼ Ɋɚɞɡɿɽɜɫɶɤɚ ±
Ʉ ȼɢɞɜɨȺɇɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ± ɫ
Ɋɟɤɚɥɨ ȼ ȼ Ɂɜ¶ɹɡɧɿɫɬɶ ɿ ɱɥɟɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫ ɧɚ ɡɞɨɛɭɬɬɹ
ɧɚɭɤɫɬɭɩɟɧɹɤɚɧɞɮɿɥɨɥɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰÄȽɟɪɦɚɧɫɶɤɿɦɨɜɢ´ȼ ȼ Ɋɟɤɚɥɨ
± ɏɚɪɤɿɜ± ɫ
Ɋɟɤɚɥɨ ȼ ȼ Ɂɜ¶ɹɡɧɿɫɬɶ ɿ ɱɥɟɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿ ɚɧɝɥɿɣɫɶɤɨʀ
ɦɨɜɢ ɞɢɫ « ɤɚɧɞ ɮɿɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ Ɋɟɤɚɥɨ ȼɚɥɟɧɬɢɧɚ ȼɨɥɨɞɢɦɢɪɿɜɧɚ ±
ɏɚɪɤɿɜ± ɫ
Ɋɟɮɟɪɨɜɫɤɚɹ ȿ Ⱥ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ
ȿ Ⱥ Ɋɟɮɟɪɨɜɫɤɚɹ ± Ʌ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
Ɋɢɧɛɟɪɝ ȼ Ʌ Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɦ
ɹɡɵɤɟȼ Ʌ Ɋɢɧɛɟɪɝ± Ʌɶɜɨɜ ȼɢɳɚɲɤɨɥɚ± ɫ
Ɋɿɡɭɧ ȼ ȼ ɇɚɪɢɫɢ ɩɪɨ ɬɟɤɫɬ Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɧɿ ɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ ɤɨɦɭɧɿɤɚɰɿʀ ɿ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ
ȼ ȼ Ɋɿɡɭɧ Ⱥ ȱ Ɇɚɦɚɥɢɝɚ Ɇ Ⱦ Ɏɟɥɥɟɪ ± Ʉ Ɋȼɐ ÄɄɢʀɜɫɶɤɢɣ ɭɧɬ´ ±
ɫ
Ɋɨɦɚɧɸɤ ɘ ȼ Ƚɪɚɦɚɬɢɱɧɿ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀ ɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɿʀ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɿ
ɚɧɚɮɨɪɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɟɥɿɩɫɭ ɞɢɫ « ɤɚɧɞ ɮɿɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ Ɋɨɦɚɧɸɤ ɘɥɿɹ
ȼɿɬɚɥɿʀɜɧɚ± Ʉɢʀɜ± ɫ
ɋɝɚɥɥ ɉ Ʉ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɉ ɋɝɚɥɥ ɇɨɜɨɟ ɜ
ɋɟɜɛɨ ɂ ɉ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɫɜɹɡɧɨɝɨɬɟɤɫɬɚɢɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹɪɟɮɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɂ ɉ ɋɟɜɛɨ ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
ɋɟɥɢɜɚɧɨɜɚ ȿ Ⱥ Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ
ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮ ɭɱɟɛ ɩɨɫɨɛ ȿ Ⱥ ɋɟɥɢɜɚɧɨɜɚ ± Ʉ ɐɍɅ
ÄɎɢɬɨɫɨɰɢɨɰɟɧɬɪ´± ɫ
ɋɟɥɿɜɚɧɨɜɚ Ɉ Ɉ ɋɭɱɚɫɧɚɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɚ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɢɬɚɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɩɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤ
ɋɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɨ-ɫɬɢɥɿɫɬɢɱɧɚ ɛɭɞɨɜɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɬɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɶ
ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɦɨɜɧɢɯ ɪɿɜɧɿɜ ɡɛ ɧɚɭɤ ɩɪɚɰɶ >ɜɿɞɩ ɪɟɞ Ɉ ɉ ɉɪɨɪɨɱɟɧɤɨ
ɋ Ɇ ȱɜɚɧɟɧɤɨ@± Ʉ ȱɋȾɈ± ɫ
ɋɟɦɟɧɟɰɶ Ɉ Ɉ ɋɢɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɤɚ ɩɨɟɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɜɚ Ɉ Ɉ ɋɟɦɟɧɟɰɶ ±
Ʉɿɪɨɜɨɝɪɚɞ ȱɦɟɤɫɅɌȾ± ɫ
ɋɟɪɝɢɟɧɤɨ ɉ ɂ ɋɦɵɫɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɰɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɢɩɟɪɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɜ
ɚɧɝɥɨɹɡɵɱɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɉ ɂ ɋɟɪɝɢɟɧɤɨ ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɬɚ
101
ɋɟɪɢɹ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɦɟɠɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɹ ± ± ʋ ±
ɋ ±
ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɚ Ɇ ɘ Ƚɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ɇ ɘ ɋɢɞɨɪɨɜɚ
± Ɇ ɂɡɞɜɨ ɆȽɍ± ɫ
ɋɢɧɢɰɹ ȱ Ⱥ Ʌɟɤɫɢɱɧɢɣɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɤɡɚɫɿɛɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿʀɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɨʀɡɜ¶ɹɡɧɨɫɬɿ
ɬɟɤɫɬɭȱ Ⱥ ɋɢɧɢɰɹɆɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ± ± ʋ±± ɋ ±
ɋɤɪɟɛɧɟɜ ɘ Ɇ Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ
ɘ Ɇ ɋɤɪɟɛɧɟɜ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱ ɤɨɧɮ ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂə
ɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ± ɑ ȱȱ± ɋ ±
ɋɥɨɜɨ ɢ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɟ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ
>ɨɬɜɪɟɞȺ Ⱥ Ɂɚɥɟɜɫɤɚɹ@± Ɍɜɟɪɶ ɌȽɍ± ɫ
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɚɫɩɟɤɬɵɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɢɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɟɠɜɭɡɬɟɦɚɬɫɛ
>ɨɬɜɪɟɞɂ ɉ ɋɭɫɨɜ@ ± Ʉɚɥɢɧɢɧ Ʉɚɥɢɧɢɧɫɤɢɣɝɨɫɭɧɬ ± ɫ
ɋɨɥɝɚɧɢɤ Ƚ ə ɋɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ƚ ə ɋɨɥɝɚɧɢɤ ±
Ɇ Ɏɥɢɧɬɚ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
ɋɨɥɨɜɶɹɧ ȼ Ⱥ ȿɞɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɷɤɫɬɪɚ ɢ ɢɧɬɪɚɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɢ
ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ȼ Ⱥ ɋɨɥɨɜɶɹɧ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɪɚɛɨɬ
ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
ɋɨɪɨɤɢɧ ɘ Ⱥ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ
ɘ Ⱥ ɋɨɪɨɤɢɧ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɹɡɵɤɨɜ ɜ ɬ >ɫɨɫɬ
Ʉɭɛɪɹɤɨɜɚ ȿ ɋ Ɇɚɤɚɟɜ ɗ Ⱥ Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɫɤɚɹ Ɉ ɂ Ɇɢɪɨɧɨɜ ɋ Ⱥ ɝɥ ɪɟɞ
Ƚɭɯɦɚɧ Ɇ Ɇ@± Ɇ ɂɡɞɜɨȺɇɋɋɋɊ± Ɍ Ɇɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɹ± ɫ
ɋɬɟɩɚɧɨɜ Ƚ ȼ ɐɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɢ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ
ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɨɬɟɤɫɬɚȽ ȼ ɋɬɟɩɚɧɨɜɅɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱɤɨɧɮ±
Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂəɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ± ɑ ȱȱ± ɋ ±
ɋɬɪɚɯɨɜɚ ȼ ɋ ȼɧɟɲɧɢɟɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɬɟɤɫɬɚȼ ɋ ɋɬɪɚɯɨɜɚ
Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɪɚɛɨɬ >ɨɬɜ ɪɟɞ Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɶɫɤɚɹ Ɉ ɂ@ ±
ɋɬɪɢɠɟɧɤɨ Ⱥ Ⱥ ɏɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɤɚɤ ɨɫɨɛɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ
ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢȺ Ⱥ ɋɬɪɢɠɟɧɤɨɅɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱɤɨɧɮ ±
ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɯɹɡɵɤɨɜ
>ɨɬɜɪɟɞ ȼ ɇ əɪɰɟɜɚ@± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
ɋɭɱɚɫɧɚɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚɦɨɜɚ ɩɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤ >ɡɚɪɟɞɈ Ⱦ ɉɨɧɨɦɚɪɟɜɚɬɚ ɿɧ@ ±
>±ɝɟɜɢɞɩɟɪɟɪɨɛ@ ± Ʉ Ʌɢɛɿɞɶ± ɫ
ɋɵɪɨɜ ɂ Ⱥ ɋɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ
ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɞɢɫɫ « ɞɨɤɬɨɪɚ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ
ɋɵɪɨɜ ɂɝɨɪɶ Ⱥɧɚɬɨɥɶɟɜɢɱ± Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ± ɫ
Ɍɚɧɚɛɚɟɜɚ Ɂ Ʉ əɡɵɤɨɜɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫɫ ɧɚ ɫɨɢɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɭɱ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɤɚɧɞ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰ
ÄɊɨɦɚɧɫɤɢɟɹɡɵɤɢ´ Ɂ Ʉ Ɍɚɧɚɛɚɟɜɚ± Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ± ɫ
102
Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɢ ɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɜɭɡ ɧɚɭɱ ɫɛ
>ɨɬɜ ɪɟɞ Ʌ ɉ Ⱦɨɛɥɚɟɜ@ ± ɋɚɪɚɬɨɜ ɂɡɞɜɨ ɋɚɪɚɬɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɬɚ ±
ȼɵɩ ± ɫ
Ɍɟɪɟɯɨɜɚ ɋ ȱ Ɍɢɩɨɥɨɝɿɹ ɜɤɚɡɿɜɧɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɨɜɢɯ ɪɟɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɿɣ
ɋ ȱ Ɍɟɪɟɯɨɜɚ Ɇɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ ± ± ʋ± & ±
Ɍɟɪɟɯɨɜɚ ɋ ȱ Ɍɢɩɨɥɨɝɿɹ ɞɟɣɤɫɢɫɭ ɋ ȱ Ɍɟɪɟɯɨɜɚ Ɇɨɜɨɡɧɚɜɫɬɜɨ ±
± ʋ±± & ±
Ɍɨɪɨɩɨɜɚ ɇ Ⱥ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ
ɇ Ⱥ Ɍɨɪɨɩɨɜɚ ɋɦɵɫɥɨɜɵɟ ɢ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ
ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɦɟɠɜɭɡɫɛɧɚɭɱɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± ɂɜɚɧɨɜɨ ɂɡɞɜɨɂɜɚɧɨɜɫɤɨɝɨɭɧɬɚ±
ɋ ±
Ɍɭɪɚɟɜɚ Ɂ ə Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɢ
ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɭɱɟɛɩɨɫɨɛɁ ə Ɍɭɪɚɟɜɚ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ± ɫ
Ɍɭɪɱɢɧ ȼ Ɋɨɥɶ ɤɨɝɟɡɿʀ ɭ ɪɨɦɚɧɚɯ ȿ Ɇ Ɋɟɦɚɪɤɚ Äɇɚ Ɂɚɯɿɞɧɨɦɭ ɮɪɨɧɬɿ
ɛɟɡ ɩɟɪɟɦɿɧ´ ɬɚ Äɑɨɪɧɢɣ ɨɛɟɥɿɫɤ´ ȼ Ɍɭɪɱɢɧ Ɇ Ɍɭɪɱɢɧ ɋɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɦɨɜɢ ɿ
ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɢ ȱɏ ɦɿɠɧɚɪ ɧɚɭɤɩɪɚɤɬ ɤɨɧɮ ± ȱɜɚɧɨɎɪɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤ ȼȾȼ ɐȱɌ
± ɋ ±
Ɍɯɟɦ ɑ ɇ Ⱥɛɡɚɰɤɚɤɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɨɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɶɑ ɇ Ɍɯɟɦ
ɉɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɦɟɠɜɭɡ ɫɛ
>ɨɬɜ ɪɟɞ ȼ ȼ Ȼɨɝɞɚɧɨɜ@± Ʌ Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞɫɤɢɣɝɨɫɭɧɬ± ɋ ±
ɍɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɚ ɦɨɜɚ ȿɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɿɹ >ɪɟɞɤɨɥ Ɋɭɫɚɧɿɜɫɶɤɢɣ ȼ Ɇ ɬɚ ɿɧ@ ±
Ʉ Äɍɤɪɟɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɿɹ´ɿɦ Ɇ ɉ Ȼɚɠɚɧɚ± ɫ
ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɢɢ ɢ ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɳɚɧɨɜɫɤɢɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ
ɫɛɫɬ>ɨɬɜɪɟɞȼ ɇ əɪɰɟɜɚȺɇɋɋɋɊ ɂɧɬɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ@ ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ
± ɫ
Ɏɟɞɨɫɸɤ Ɇ ɘ ɇɟɹɜɧɵɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɵɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɜɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɭɱɟɛ
ɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɨ ɫɩɟɰɤɭɪɫɭ Ɇ ɘ Ɏɟɞɨɫɸɤ ± Ɇ ɆɉȽɍ ɢɦ ȼ ɂ Ʌɟɧɢɧɚ ±
ɫ
Ɏɢɜɟɝɟɪ Ⱦ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ ȽȾɊ
Ⱦ Ɏɢɜɟɝɟɪ ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɟɤɫɬɚ± Ɇ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɋ ±
Ɏɢɝɭɪɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɂ Ⱥ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɚ
ɰɟɥɨɝɨɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɂ Ⱥ ɎɢɝɭɪɨɜɫɤɢɣɅɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱɤɨɧɮ
± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂəɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ± ɑ ȱȱ ± ɋ ±
Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɨɜ Ʉ Ⱥ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɤɭɪɫ ɥɟɤɰɢɣ Ʉ Ⱥ Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɨɜ ±
ɋɉɛ ɂɡɞɜɨɋɉɟɬɟɪɛɭɧɬɚ± ɫ
Ɏɢɥɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɝɟɪɦɟɧɟɜɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɳɚɹ ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ
>ɪɟɞɤɨɥ Ƚ ɂ Ȼɨɝɢɧ ɨɬɜ ɪɟɞ ɢ ɞɪ@± Ɍɜɟɪɶ Ɍɜɟɪɫɤɨɣɝɨɫɭɧɬ± ɫ
Ɏɪɢɞɦɚɧ Ʌ Ƚ ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɢ
ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɚɛɡɚɰɚ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɧɟɦɟɰɤɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ Ʌ Ƚ Ɏɪɢɞɦɚɧ
Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱɤɨɧɮ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂəɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ
± ɑ ȱȱ± ɋ ±
ɏɨɜɚɧɫɤɚɹ Ɂ ɂ Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɟɪɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ
ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ Ɂ ɂ ɏɨɜɚɧɫɤɚɹ Ʌɢɧɝɜɨɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɛ
103
ɧɚɭɱ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂə ɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ ± ȼɵɩ ±
ɋ ±
ɏɨɜɚɧɫɤɚɹ Ʌ ȼ ɍɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɫɭɛɫɬɚɧɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɨɢɦɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɬɟɤɫɬɚ Ʌ ȼ ɏɨɜɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɉɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ±
ɑɟɪɟɦɢɫɢɧɚ Ɇ ɂ Ⱥɧɚɮɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ Ɇ ɂ ɑɟɪɟɦɢɫɢɧɚ
Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱɤɨɧɮ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂəɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ
± ɑ ȱȱ± ɋ ±
ɑɟɪɧɟɣɤɨ Ʌ Ɉ ɋɦɵɫɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ
ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɟɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ʌ Ɉ ɑɟɪɧɟɣɤɨ Ʉɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɵɟ
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫɛ ɫɬ ± Ɇ ȿɞɢɬɨɪɢɚɥ ɍɊɋɋ ±
ɋ ±
ɑɟɪɧɭɯɢɧɚ ɂ ə Ʉɜɨɩɪɨɫɭɨɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɯɫɜɹɡɧɨɝɨɬɟɤɫɬɚɂ ə ɑɟɪɧɭɯɢɧɚ
Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱ ɤɨɧɮ ± Ɇ ɆȽɉɂɂə ɢɦ Ɇ Ɍɨɪɟɡɚ
± ɑ ȱȱ± ɋ ±
ɑɟɪɧɭɯɢɧɚ ɂ ə ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɵɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɡɚɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɬɟɤɫɬɚɂ ə ɑɟɪɧɭɯɢɧɚ± ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠ ɂɡɞɜɨȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɝɨɭɧɬɚ± ɫ
ɑɟɪɧɹɯɨɜɫɤɚɹ Ʌ Ⱥ ɋɦɵɫɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ ɟɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ
Ʌ Ⱥ ɑɟɪɧɹɯɨɜɫɤɚɹ ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ± ± ʋ± & ±
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ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ ɞɢɫɫ ɧɚ ɫɨɢɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɭɱ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɤɚɧɞ ɮɢɥɨɥ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰ
ÄɊɨɦɚɧɫɤɢɟɹɡɵɤɢ´Ʉ ɋ ɑɢɤɜɚɲɜɢɥɢ± Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ± ɫ
ɒɟɪɟɦɟɬɶɟɜɚ ɋ Ɉ ɉɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ
ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɋ Ɉ ɒɟɪɟɦɟɬɶɟɜɚ ɉɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ
ɬɟɤɫɬ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɦɟɠɜɭɡ ɫɛ >ɨɬɜ
ɪɟɞ ȼ ȼ Ȼɨɝɞɚɧɨɜ@± Ʌ ɂɡɞɜɨɅɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɬɚ± ɋ ±
ɒɦɢɞɬ Ɂ Ƀ ÄɌɟɤɫɬ´ ɢÄɢɫɬɨɪɢɹ´ ɤɚɤɛɚɡɨɜɵɟɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢɁ Ƀ ɒɦɢɞɬ
ɇɨɜɨɟɜɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɣɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ± ȼɵɩ ± ɋ ±
ɒɬɟɪɧ ȱ Ȼ ȼɢɛɪɚɧɿ ɬɨɩɿɤɢ ɬɚ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨɧ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨʀ
ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɤɢ ȿɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɱɧɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɧɢɤ ȱ Ȼ ɒɬɟɪɧ ± Ʉ ÄȺɪɬȿɄ´ ±
ɫ
ɓɟɪɛɚ Ʌ ȼ əɡɵɤɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢ ɪɟɱɟɜɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ Ʌ ȼ ɓɟɪɛɚ ±
Ʌ ɇɚɭɤɚ± ɫ
ɓɟɪɛɢɧɚ ɗ Ɏ Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ
ɗ Ɏ ɓɟɪɛɢɧɚ Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɦɟɠɜɭɡ ɫɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ±
ɉɹɬɢɝɨɪɫɤ ɉȽɅɍ± ɋ ±
ɓɭɪ Ƚ ɋ Ʉɜɨɩɪɨɫɭɨɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢɬɢɩɨɜɢɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɬɟɤɫɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɜɹɡɢ
Ƚ ɋ ɓɭɪ Ⱥ Ⱥ Ɇɚɥɶɱɟɧɤɨ Ʌɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱ ɤɨɧɮ ±
əɝɭɧɨɜɚ ȿ ȼ Ʉɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɢ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ
ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ȿ ȼ əɝɭɧɨɜɚ ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵɹɡɵɤɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ± ± ʋ± & ±
əɡɵɤɨɜɵɟ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɢɢ ɢ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɹ
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APPENDIX
COHESION
LINEAR TIE INTEGRATIVE TIE PARALLEL TIE
Syntactic parallelism
Substitutive words Conjunctions
Conjunctive combinations
Linear homogeneity of verbs-
Derivational repetition predicates tense forms
109
Lexical repetition Anaphoric-inverse position of
predicates in relation to subjects
Compatibility of Opposition of events
Synonymic repetition
events (contrajunction)
(conjunction) Lexical parallelism
Аntonymic repetition (ANAPHORA)
Periphrastic repetition Alternativity of events Dependence of events Gerundial / participial constructions

(disjunction) (subordination)
Hyponymic repetition
Incomplete syntactic constructions
Тhematic repetition
Proper names repetition ANAPHORIC AND PARALLEL

Special sentences
RHETORIC QUESTIONS
(INTERROGATIVE,
Додаток 4
RHETORIC)
127(6
127(6
ɇɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɢɣɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤ
ȺɧɞɪɭɳɟɧɤɨȼɿɤɬɨɪɿɹɈɥɟɝɿɜɧɚ
Ʌɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɢɣɚɧɚɥɿɡɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨʀɚɧɝɥɨɦɨɜɧɨʀɯɭɞɨɠɧɶɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨʀɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢ
ɝɪɚɦɚɬɢɤɚɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɚ ɥɟɤɰɿɣɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɣɤɭɪɫ
Ɂɞɚɧɨɧɚɫɤɥɚɞɚɧɧɹ01.11.2017ɉɿɞɩɢɫɚɧɨɞɨɞɪɭɤɭ01.11.2017. Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ148х210
ɉɚɩɿɪофсетнийȾɪɭɤризографічнийȽɚɪɧɿɬɭɪɚ7LPHVɍɦɞɪɚɪɤ4,5Ɉɛɥɜɢɞ
ɚɪɤ4,8ɌɢɪɚɠɩɪɢɦɿɪɧɢɤɿɜɁɚɦʋ10458
ȼɢɞɚɜɧɢɰɬɜɨ©Ʌɿɬɨɝɪɚɮª
ȱɞɟɧɬɢɮɿɤɚɬɨɪɜɢɞɚɜɰɹɭɫɢɫɬɟɦɿ,6%12267
Ⱥɞɪɟɫɚɜɢɞɚɜɧɢɰɬɜɚɬɚɞɪɭɤɚɪɧɿ
Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨɜɭɥ ім. М.В. Гоголя10а, оф. 38
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Андрущенко - навчальний посібник

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Андрущенко - навчальний посібник

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МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ

ДЕРЖАВНИЙ ВИЩИЙ НАВЧАЛЬНИЙ ЗАКЛАД

ЛІНГВІСТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ВНУТРІШНЬОЇ АНГЛОМОВНОЇ

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