Particle duality is a concept in physics that describes the dual nature of particles,

particularly at the quantum level. It's most commonly associated with the wave-
particle duality of light and matter.

1. Wave Nature: In some experiments, particles such as electrons and

photons exhibit behaviors characteristic of waves. For example, they can
create interference patterns, much like waves do. This wave-like behavior
is described by mathematical equations called wave functions.
2. Particle Nature: In other experiments, particles behave like tiny, discrete
entities with definite positions, akin to particles. They interact with
detectors as if they were localized points in space.

This duality was first observed in experiments with light. In certain situations,
light behaves as if it consists of waves, while in other situations, it behaves as if
it consists of particles called photons.

The wave-particle duality is a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics, the

branch of physics that deals with the behavior of very small particles. The theory
suggests that particles can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties
depending on the experimental setup and the type of observation being made.
This duality challenges our classical, everyday intuition, where we often think of
objects as either particles or waves, not both simultaneously.