LS 4 9 5

Mid-Year Examination
May/June 2023

Physics (0625) Grade 10

Marks: 100 Time: 2 Hours

Name : __________________________________________________________

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name on the space above.

Write in dark blue or black pen. Use pencil for any diagram or graph.

Answer all questions on the question paper.

The use of electronic calculator is expected, where appropriate.

You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

The number of marks is given in brackets ( ) at the end of each question.

Always have a Mental Picture of your Preffered Future.

1. Tungsten melts at a much higher temperature than iron.

a. What can you say about the forces between the tungsten atoms, compared to the
forces between the iron atoms? [1]

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b. Use kinetic model of matter to explain why we can walk through air and swim
through water but we cannot walk through a solid wall. [3]

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c. In an experiment to observe Brownian motion, a student watched a brightly lit grain

of dust moving around in water, following a random path.

i. Explain why the student could not see the molecules of the water moving around. [1]

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ii. Explain why the grain of dust moved around in the water. [1]

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2. Below are particles of gas in a container.

a. If half of the particles of the gas were removed from the container, and nothing else
was changed, how would the following properties of the gas changed?

i. Density: _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1]

ii. Pressure: ___________________________________________________________________________________ [1]

iii. Temperature: _____________________________________________________________________________ [1]

b. Draw diagrams of the particles in a gas to explain why, if the volume of the gas is
doubled, its pressure is halved. [3]

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c. In the figures below, the gas in b has twice the pressure as the gas in a.

How could you change the temperature of the gas in b so that its pressure would be the
same as that of the gas in a? Explain your answer. [2]

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d. A container holds 20m3 of air at a pressure of 120 000Pa. If the pressure is increased
to 160 000Pa, what will the volume of the gas become? Assume that its temperature
remains constant. [3]
 3. A physics teacher sets up the following experiment. She attached metal drawing pins
to a metal bar with melted wax, which then solidified, holding the pins in place.

The metal bar is heated at one end and her students observe the experiment over the
next two minutes.

(a) i. Describe what happens to the drawing pins. [1]

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ii. The metal is replaced by a wooden one. The end nearest the Bunsen burner begins to
blacken and burn but the drawing pins do not fall off. Explain why. [2]

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b. A student is investigating the ability of water to conduct heat. She sets up the
apparatus as shown and heats the water strongly with Bunsen burner.

i. Why is the metal gauze used to hold the ice in place? [1]

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ii. Describe what she observes. [1]

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 iii. Explain her observation [2]

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4. A Physics teacher sets up an experiment to demonstrate convection. He drops some

potassium permanganate crystal into one side of a beaker of cold water and then gently
heats with a Bunsen burner under the potassium permanganate crystals.

(a) i. On the diagram, draw and labeled the path of warm water. [3]

ii. The path of warm water you have drawn is referred to as ____________________________ [1]

iii. Explain the path of warm water you have drawn [2]

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b. State one example of convection current in nature. ____________________________________ [1]

5. To investigate the effect of colour of surface on how much heat is emitted, a student
sets up an experiment as shown in the diagram.

He obtains the following results:

Colour of Surface Matt black Silver White Shiny black

 Heat emitted 144 41 85 107

a. Use the results to put the coloured surfaces in order from worst to best emitter of
heat (infrared) radiation. [2]

_______________________ ___________________________ ________________________ _____________________

b. The student then set up a filament lamp next to two test tubes, each containing 5cm 3
of water. One of the test tubes is covered in silver metal foil and the other in metal foil
painted black. Each has a thermometer to measure the temperature.

The student takes the initial reading of temperature from the two thermometers and
switches on the lamp. She takes temperature again after 15 minutes.

i. Complete the results table.

Colour of test tube Initial temperature/oC Final temperature/oC Temperature rise/oC

Black 12 25

Silver 12 16

ii. What is your conclusion about the two surfaces? Explain how you know this from the
results. [3]

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c. Again, the student took three thermometers and some cotton wool. He sets up the
apparatus, some water and some acetone (colourless liquid that evaporate quickly) to
investigate the effect of evaporation on temperature.

i. From the information above, what can you say about acetone? [1]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

ii. The students obtain the following results.

Time/Minutes Temperature 1 /oC Temperature 2 /oC Temperature 3 /oC

0 22 22 22
2 22 19 20
4 22 17 19
6 21 16 18
8 22 15 18
a. By referring to the table, state the effect of evaporation on temperature. [1]

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b. Unfortunately, he forgot to label each column heading.

Explain which results are for dry cotton wool, acetone-soaked cotton wool and
water-soaked cotton wool. [3]

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6. An experiment to demonstrate thermal expansion of water is shown in the diagram

below.

a. As the thermal energy is supplied, the temperature of water begins to rise but
eventually becomes steady at a higher temperature. This time many bubbles are seen
throughout the water.

i. State what is now happening to the water. [1]

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ii. Where does the energy go that is being supplied to the water when the temperature
becomes steady? [1]

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b. Name the process by which thermal energy is transferred:

i. through the flask to the cold water ______________________________________________________ [1]

ii. throughout the water in the flask ________________________________________________________ [1]

c. When the flask of cold water is placed in the tank of hot water, the level of the liquid
in the tube is first seen to fall and then rise above its original level.

i. Explain the initial falls in the level of water in the tube. [1]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

ii. Describe and explain what happens as the water rises up tube. [2]
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iii. How could this experiment be adapted to compare the rate of expansion of water and
of liquid paraffin? [2]

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7(a) i. Friction transforms kinetic energy into what type of energy? [1]

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ii. What is the percentage efficiency of a television if for every 50kJ of electrical energy
input, 45kJ is dissipated into the surroundings as heat?

b. Two girls are estimating each other’s power. One runs up some steps, and the other
times her.

Here are their results:

 Height of one step = 20cm

 Number of steps = 36
 Mass of runner = 45kg
 Time taken = 4.2s

i. Calculate the runner’s weight. (acceleration due to gravity 𝑔 = 9.8 m/s2). [2]
ii. Calculate the increase in the girl’s gravitational potential energy as she runs up the
steps. [3]

iii. Calculate her power. Give your answer in kilowatts (kW). [2]

8a. Name three energy resources for which the original energy source is not radiation
from the Sun. [3]

i. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

ii. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

iii. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

b. What is the pressure in Pa at the bottom of a column of mercury of height 736mm if

the density of mercury is 13 530 kg/m3? ( Take as 9.8N/kg) [3]

c. A spring has spring constant of 32N/m. It extends by 2.0cm when a force is applied.
What is the value of the force? [3]
(d). Calculate the force required to cause a turning moment of 30Nm about a pivot at a
distance of 1.2m from the pivot. [2]

e. The beam shown is balanced at its midpoint. The weight of the beam is 40N.

i. Calculate the unknown force Z. [2]

ii. Calculate the length of the beam. [3]

9a. An aeroplane is flying horizontally at a steady speed in a straight line. The diagram
shows three of the four forces acting on it.
i. In order to fly horizontally at a steady speed, which two forces shown on the
aeroplane must be equal? [2]

_____________________________________________ and _______________________________________________

ii. In order to fly horizontally in a straight line, there must be a fourth force acting on the
plane. Draw an arrow on the diagram to represent this force. [1]

b. The aeroplane flies an outward journey from Budapest (Hungary) to Palermo (Italy)
in 2.75 hours. The distance is 2200 km.

i. Calculate, in km/h, the average speed of the aeroplane. [3]

ii. On the return journey from Palermo to Budapest, the journey time is shorter, even
though the engine thrust is the same. Suggest what might have caused the return
journey to be shorter. [1]

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10a. Which of the following is not a vector quantity? [1]

kinetic energy force acceleration velocity

b. A car of mass 1000kg, travelling at 5m/s, collides with a van of mass 1500kg,
originally at rest. The two vehicles stick together on impact.

i. What is the momentum of the car before the collision? [2]

ii. What is the momentum of the car and the van after collision? [1]

iii. What is the velocity of the two vehicles after the collision? [2]

11(a) i. What physical quantity is given by the area under a velocity-tine graph? [1]

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ii. What is the difference between velocity and speed? [2]

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b. Sketch a velocity-time graph for the following journey:

A boy runs with a constant acceleration of 1.5m/s2 for 3s. She then runs a steady speed
for 5s before decelerating at decreasing rate for 10s. Include values on both axes. [4]
Explain the following:

i. Why would it not be a good idea to fit an electric heater near the ceiling in a room?

ii. Why in a refrigerator, the freezing surface is usually positioned at the top?

i. Why metal bridges and railway lines are made in sections with gaps between the
sections?

ii. Why glass mug is likely to crack when hot water is poured into it?

i. Why weight changes with location?

ii. Why a weight lifter who spent his time carrying a 100kg weight, must have been very
tired, but technically speaking, he did not work.

i. Why water stored in clay pot is generally cooler than the one stored in glass bottles.

ii. Why before an injection is given, nurses rob volatile liquid on the skin.