What is More

ASD? Resources
Causes Resource list
“Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a from Ohio
Department of
developmental disability caused by Education for
differences in the brain. Some people with parents of
ASD have a known difference, such as a children with ASD
genetic condition. Other causes are not yet
known. Scientists believe there are multiple Resources
causes of ASD that act together to change recommended by
the most common ways people develop. We other caregiver’s
still have much to learn about these causes of children with
ASD
and how they impact people with ASD.” (CDC)
Symptoms
Many symptoms of ASD are in social and Center for
communication interactions. They may miss Disease
social cues, not maintain eye contact, or have Control (CDC)
trouble communicating effectively. They also ASD
Information
may engage in “restrictive or repetitive
behaviors.” (CDC)
ASD begins before the age of 3, & can last Autism
Spectrum
through life.
Risk Factors
Having a sibling with ASD
Having certain genetic or chromosomal
conditions, such as fragile X syndrome or
Disorder
tuberous sclerosis
Experiencing complications at birth
What is ASD?
Being born to older parents
From Cincinnati
Children’s
History of Characteristics Signs of ASD
from Mild to
ASD Severe
Avoids or does not keep eye contact
Does not respond to name by 9 months of age
-Traits of autism are first noticed in the early Does not show facial expressions like happy, sad,
1900's. Severity Symptoms angry, and surprised by 9 months of age
Does not play simple interactive games like pat-a-
-In 1956 Leon Eisenberg publishes his paper cake by 12 months of age
Level 1: High
"The Autistic Child in Adolescence," which Functioning: Uses few or no gestures by 12 months of age
follows 63 autistic children for nine years and May have difficulty Does not share interests with others by 15 months of
again at 15 years old. (Iannelli 2020) -Understanding age
social cues Does not point to show you something interesting by
Mild
-In the1970's Lorna Wing proposes the -Personal 18 months of age
concept of autism spectrum disorders. She relationships
Does not notice when others are hurt or upset by 24
-Engaging in back
identifies the “triad of impairment,” which months of age
and forth
includes three areas: social interaction, conversation Does not notice other children and join them in play
communication, and imagination. (Iannelli by 36 months of age
2020) Level 2: Requires Does not play pretend to be something else
Support: Does not sing, dance, or act for you by 60 months of
-1975: The Educational for All Handicapped -Struggles to age
Children Act is enacted, which protects and communicate -(CDC)
verbally or non
includes children with disabilities in verbally

Educational
Moderate
education. -Engages in
repetitive
behaviors
Implications
-In 1990, Autism is included as a disability
-Difficulty with
category in the Individuals with Disabilities
changes in routine
Education Act (IDEA), making it easier for
autistic children to get special education According to Applied Behavior Analysis’
services. (Iannelli 2020) website ASD does have implications on a
Level 3: Requires
Significant child’s education
-2020: The CDC finds that 1 in 54 children Support: Non-Verbal Communication Skills
are diagnosed with ASD. -severe challenges Lack of Focus
in social
communication as Speech and Language Disorders
This, and more Severe well as extremely Developmental Delays
information on the inflexible behavior Narrow Interests
history of ASD at -Nonverbal
-repetitive (Cerny 2022)
Very Well Health’s behaviors interfere
website. with ability to
function.