PinoyBlX™ Turning Students Into Professionals #¥ > Coaching in EST Coaching Materials in Transmission Lines and Antennas Part 1 for ECE Board Exam &Froyd Wess (6:00 PM . Coaching Materials: Transmission Lines and Antennas This is the Coaching materials in Transmission Lines and Antennas Part 1 as one topic in ECE Board Exam taken from various sources including but not limited to past Board Examination Questions in Electronic System and Technologies (EST), Communications Books, Journals and other Communications References. This particular Coaching Notes in Communications Engineering has. random Questions and Answers in random topics. Make sure to familiarize this review notes to increase the chance of passing the ECE Board Exam. Transmission Lines and Antennas Coaching Materials Part 1 1. The minimum value that a characteristic impedance of an air dielectric parallel-wire could have is 83 ohms.* 2. Velocity factor of coaxial cables vary from 0.6 to 0.8* 3. Typical value of the velocity factor of an open-wire transmission is 0.9" 4, When the load absorbs all the power transmitted, it means that the load impedance is. equal to Zo of the line.* 5, When no power is applied to a transmission system, the VSWR is. equal to zero.*6. The characteristic impedances commonly available are ‘75 ohms and 50 ohms.* 7. The 50-ohm RG-S8 coaxial cable is used in cheaperet or thin-wire Ethernet.* 8, The 50-ohm double-shielded RG-11 coaxial cable is used in thicknet or thick-wire Ethemet* 9. A flat conductor separated from a ground plane by an insulating dielectric material Microstrip. 10. A flat conductor sandwich between two ground planes. Stripline 11. What connecting link is used to transfer energy from a radio transmitter to its antenna located on the mast of a ship? Transmission line, 12. What term is used for the end of a transmission line that is connected to a transmitter? Input end, generator end, transmitter end, sending end and source. 13. What term is used for the end of a transmission line that is connected to an antenna? Output end, receiving end, load end, and sink. 14, Name two of the three uses of a two-wire open line. Power lines, rural telephone lines, and telegraph lines. 15. What are two primary disadvantages of a two-wire open line? High radiation losses and noise pickup. 16. What type of transmission line is often used to connect a television set to its antenna? Iwin-lead. 17. What is the primary advantage of the shielded pair? The conductors are balanced to ground. 18, What the two types of coaxial lines in use today? Air coaxial (rigid) and solid coaxial (flexible). 19. What is the chief advantage of the air coaxial line? he ability to minimize radiation losses, 20. List the two common type of waveguides in use today. Cylindrical and rectangular. 21. What are the three types of line losses associated with transmission lines? C ‘electri ‘ati22. Losses caused by skin effect and I2 R (power) loss are classified as what types of loss? Copper loss. 23. What type of losses cause the dielectric material between the conductors to be heated? Dielectric loss. 24. What is the range of characteristic impedance of lines used in actual practice? Be ni hms 25. Two types of waves are formed on a transmission line. What names are given to these waves? Incident waves from generator to load. Reflected waves from load to generator. 26. On an open-ended transmission line, the voltage is always zero at what distance from each end of the line? in th the distance from each end of the lin 27. Anon-resonant line is a line that has no standing waves of current and voltage on it and is. considered to be flat. Why is this true? ‘The Joad impedance of such a line is equal to Zo. 28. At what point on an open-circuited rf line do voltage peaks occur? At wavelength from the end and at every % wavelength along the line. 29. What is the square of the voltage standing wave ratio called? Power standing-wave ratio (pswr) 30. What does vswr measure? The existence of voltage variations on a line, 31. Determine the characteristic impedance for an air dielectric two-wire parallel transmission line with a D/r ratio of 12.227 300 ohms. D \Zo = 276108 (2 32. Determine the characteristic impedance for an RG-59A coaxial cable with the following specifications: d=0.025 inches, D=0.15 inches, and dielectric constant of 2.23, 72.ohms 138 D. eo= tea) 33, Determine the characteristic impedance for an RG-59A coaxial cable with the following specifications: L = 0.118 uH/ft and C = 21 pF/ft34, For a given length of RG 8A/U coaxial cable with a distributed capacitance of 96.6pF/m, a distributed inductance of 241.56 nH1/m, and a relative dielectric constant of 2.3, determine the velocity of propagation and the velocity factor; 2.07x10*8m/s; 0.69 T Vp] vp =| vr=—| PW Cc 35, For a transmission line with an incident voltage of 5V and a reflected voltage of 3V, determine the reflection coefficient and the SWR. F=0.6, SWI 36. A pulse is transmitted down a cable that has a velocity of propagation of 0.8c. The reflected signal is received Tus later. How far down the cable is the impairment? 120m. 37. Using TDR, a transmission line impairment is located 3000m from the source. For velocity of propagation of 0.9c, determine the time elapsed from the beginning of the pulse to the reception of the echo. 22.22 us 38. Determine the impedance of 4/4 line to match 6000hm feed to 75 ohm antenna. 212 ohm Izo = VZLZL| 39. If a cable has a velocity factor of 0.8, what length of cable is required for a 90 degree phase shift at 100 meters? 0.6 meters fo = 360% A 40. The scientist who profounded the theory of electromagnetic radiation James Maxwel 41. Antenna radiated power is of the antenna current. proportional to the square (42) 42. Antenna field strength is__ to the antenna current. direc roportionall 43. Antennas assuming having similar size, has largest gain. Parabolic* 44, Antenna whose technical equivalent is 1/4 line is open circuited.Dipole* 45. Marconi type of antenna is a grounded wae 46, Antenna used in mobile communications, mounted on vehicles. Marconi* 47. Antenna used for radiating AM broadcast band. ‘2 vertical antenna* 48. Electrical length of a Marconi antenna needed for AM broadcasting can be increased by using series loading of capacitor* 49. The SI unit of magnetic field intensity. Ampere/meter* 50. The radio wavelength known as hectrometric waves* vertical antenna. falls within the medium frequency range Complete List of Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Important List of Communications Engineering Materials Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Series of Communications Engineering Exams: ECE Pre-Board Series of Questions and Answers in Communications Engineering Mubtiple Choice Questions in Data Communications and Networking Reviewer in Electronic Communications System by Wayne Tomasi Pinoybix.org Like Page 877 likes ® Labels: coaching in EST 85Next Coaching Materials in Transmission Lines and € Antennas Part 2 for ECE Board Exam (http://www. pinoybix.org/2015/04/transmissi onlines-and-antennas-coaching-part2.html) POST A COMMENT OComments _ pinoybix @ Recommend & Share Start the discussion... Previous @Saching Materials in Broadcasting Part 3 for Become PinoyBIX FAN ECE Board Exam > (httee/iunna nidevhiy n4a/2015/0A/eaaching- Bs Pinoybix.org ni) Lite Page | 877 Ikes book Be the first of your friends to like this gin Best Be the first to comment. ALSO ON PINOYBIX Questions and Answers in Engineering Economics Series B PinoyBIX— I'm happy to help. I know you'll share this site to your friends MCQs in Navigational Aids and Radar Systems Part | B shashi —need part 2 urgent BD subscribe Night city and B PinoyBIx — nice one Solution: What is the sum of the coefficients of the expansion (2x - 1)*20? bridge best photography G MA—the asnwer is wrong! TRY Qa AovING THis AND You WILL GET THE ANSWER OF 4(2x-1)420 = 1048576 x"20- © Add Disqus to your site Add Disqus Add @ PrivacyPinoyBlX™ Turning Students Into Professionals #¥ > Coaching in EST Coaching Materials in Transmission Lines and Antennas Part 2 for ECE Board Exam &Froyd Wess (#8 12:00 AM re Coaching Materials: Transmission Lines and Antennas This is the Coaching materials in Transmission Lines and Antennas Part 2 as one topic in ECE Board Exam taken from various sources including but not limited to past Board Examination Questions in Electronic System and Technologies (EST), Communications Books, Journals and other Communications References. This particular Coaching Notes in Communications Engineering has. random Questions and Answers in random topics. Make sure to familiarize this review notes to increase the chance of passing the ECE Board Exam. Transmission Lines and Antennas Coaching Materials Part 2 51. Antenna utilizing the ground as part of its resonant circuit. Marconi* 52. Antenna that is complete in itself and capable of self-oscillation. Hertz* 53. Radiation resistance is the ratio of radiated power to the square of current* 54, Example of Marconi type antenna. Quarter wave vertical tower.* 55. The gain in the direction of one of the major lobes of the radiation pattern. Directivity gain*56. Form of unwanted radiation working against the main beam caused by feeding a parabolic reflector with an isotropic source. Backlobe radiation* 57. Type of antenna capable of transmitting (receiving) a TEM wave polarized in any direction. Helical antenna* 58. A region within the influence of the induction field of an antenna, ‘Near field* 59. An example of parasitic array. Yagi-uda* 60. Structure made of plastic-like composite material used to enclose the complete antenna assembly for protection against the weather and to reduce wind or snow loading Radome* 61. The minimum antenna actual height: ae 62. Marconi antenna current maximum at the base* 63. Antenna that is 4/10 long is called elementary doublet* 64. FM uses what type of polarization? ‘Horizontal polarization* 65. In antenna, the area where the signal strength is very low. Nuit 66. Which frequency band omni-horizontally polarized antenna used? VHF and UHE* 67. Discone antenna polarization is vertical 68. What is the advantage of Top loading? Improved radiation efficiency* 69. What is propagation? Propagation means spreading out. 70. How is a wave defined as it applies to wave propagation? Awave is a disturbance which moves through a medium. 71. What is wave motion? Ameans of transferring energy from one place to another.72. What are some examples of wave motion? ‘Sound waves, light waves, radio waves, heat waves, water waves. 73. What type of wave motion is represented by the motion of water? Transverse waves. 74, What are some examples of transverse waves? Radio waves, li nd h 75. What example of a longitudinal wave was given in the text? Asound wave. 76. What are the three requirements for a wave to be propagated? As medium and detector(receiver) 77. What is the law of reflection? ‘The law of reflection states: the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. 78. When a wave is reflected from a surface, energy is transferred, When is the transfer of energy greatest? When the incident wave is nearly parallel with the surface. 79. When is the transfer of energy minimum? When the incident wave is perpendicular to the surface. Also a dull (or black surface) reflects very little regardless of the angle. 80. A refracted wave occurs when a wave passes from one medium into another medium, what determines the angle of refraction? 1 , i i 81. What do we call the field that is created between two rods when a voltage is applied to them? ELECTRIC FIELD. 82. When current flows through a conductor, a field is created around the conductor. What do we call this field? MAGNETIC FIELD. 83. An induction field is created around a conductor when current flows through it. What do we call the field that detaches itself from the conductor and travels through space. RADIATION FIELD. 84. What are two basic qualifications of antennas? Half-wave(Hertz) and Quarter-wave (Marconi) 85, What are the three parts of a complete antenna system? Coupling device, feeder, and antenna 86. What three factors determine the type size and shape of antenna?the receiving set. 87. If a wave exactly the length of an antenna from one end to the other and back during the period of 1 cycle, what is the length of the antenna? One-half the wavelength. 88. What is the term used to identify the points of high-current and high voltage on an antenna? Current and voltage loops. 89. What is the term used to identify the points of minimum current and minimum voltage on an antenna? Current and voltage nodes, 90. The direction of what field is used to designate the polarization of a wave? Electric Field. 91. If a wave's electric lines of force rotate through 360 degrees with every cycle of RF energy, what is the polarization of this wave? cs ati 92. What type of polarization should be used at medium and low frequencies? Vertical polarization 93, What is an advantage of using horizontal polarization at high frequencies? Less Interference is experienced by man-made noise sources, 94. What type of polarization should be used if an antenna is mounted on a moving vehicle at frequencies below 50 megahertz? Vertic rization 95. What is the radiation resistance of a half-wave antenna in free space? 73 ohms, 96. A radiating source that radiates energy stronger in one direction than another is what type of radiator? Anisotropic radiator 97. A radiating source that radiates energy equally in all directions is known as what type of radiator? Isotropic radiator 98. A flashlight is an example of what type of radiator? Anisotropic radiator 99. What terms are often used to describe basic half-wave antennas? Dipole, doublet and hertz. 100. If a basic half-wave antenna is mounted vertically, what type of radiation pattern will be produced?Non-directional Complete List of Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Important List of Communications Engineering Materials Communications Engineering Coaching Materials ‘Series of Communications Engineering Exams: ECE Pre-Board Series of Questions and Answers in Communications Engineering Multiple Choice Questions in Data Communications and Networking Reviewer in Electronic Communications System by Wayne Tomasi Search Pinoybix.org Like Page 877 likes ® Labels: coaching in EST 85 Next Previous Coaching Materials in Transmission Lines and Coaching Materials in Transmission Lines and € Antennas Part 3 for ECE Board Exam ‘Antennas Part 1 for ECE Board Exam > (http://www.pinoybix.org/2015/04/transmissi _(http://www-pinoybix.org/2015/04/transmissi on-lines-and-antennas-coaching-part3.htm!) on-lines-and-antennas-coaching-part1 html) POST A COMMENT disqus blogger facebookOComments _ pinoybix @ Recommend & Share Start the discussion... @ Login ~ Sort by Best ~ Be the first to comment. ALSO ON PINOVEIX MCQs in Engineering Economics Part | - Answers | PinoyBIX - Engineering Review 1 MCQs in Navigational Aids and Radar Systems Part | 110 EE ces —r0ee par 2 con rents 2months ago psychobacon — where can i view the solutions|? nt» 2months ago © subscribe © Add Disqus to your site Add Disqus Add Questions and Answers in Engineering Economics Series 2comments+ 2months agor PinoyBIX — I'm happy to help. | know you'll ‘share this site to your friends Night city and bridge best photography 4 corrment+ 3 months agor B PinoyBIX — nice one @ PrivacyPinoyBlX™ Turning Students Into Professionals #¥ > Coaching in EST Coaching Materials in Transmission Lines and Antennas Part 3 for ECE Board Exam &Froyd Wess 6:00 AM re Coaching Materials: Transmission Lines and Antennas This is the Coaching materials in Transmission Lines and Antennas Part 3 as one topic in ECE Board Exam taken from various sources including but not limited to past Board Examination Questions in Electronic System and Technologies (EST), Communications Books, Journals and other Communications References. This particular Coaching Notes in Communications Engineering has. random Questions and Answers in random topics. Make sure to familiarize this review notes to increase the chance of passing the ECE Board Exam. Transmission Lines and Antennas Coaching Materials Part 3 101. in which plane will the half-wave antenna be operating if it is mounted horizontally? Vertical plane. 102. Since the radiation pattern of a dipole is similar to that of a doublet, what will happen to the patter if the length of the doublet is increased? The pattern would flatten. 103, What is the simplest method of feeding power to the half-wave antenna? fo connect one end through a capacitor to the fina] output stage of the transmitter. 104. What is the radiation pattern of a quarter-wave antenna? 105. Describe the physical arrangement of a ground screen?‘ground. 106. What is the difference in the amount of impedance between a three-wire dipole and a simple- center fed dipole? Nine times the feed-point impedance. 107. Which has a wider frequency range, a simple dipole, or a folded dipole? Folded dipole 108. What is the purpose of antenna stubs? ‘To produce desired phase relationship between connected elements 109. What is the primary difference between the major and minor lobes in a radiation pattern? Major lobes have the greatest amount of radiation. 110. What is the maximum number of elements used in a collinear array? Four. 111. Why is the number of elements in a collinear array limited? As more elements are added, an unbalanced condition in the system occurs which impairs efficiency. 112, How can the frequency range of a collinear array be increased? increasin ngths of the elements of the arr 113. How is directivity of a collinear array affected when the number of elements is increased? Directivity increases 114, What is the primary cause of broadside arrays losing efficiency when not operating at their designed frequency? wer radiation resistans 115. When more that two elements are used in a broadside array, how are the elements arranged? Parallel and in the same plane. 116. As the spacing between elements in a broadside array increases, what is the effect on the major lobes? They sharpen 117. What are some disadvantages of the end-fire array? ce, confined to one fr \d affected by atmospheric 118. Where does the major lobe in the end-fire array occur? Along the major axis 119. To maintain the required balance of phase relationships and critical feeding, how must the end- fire array be constructed? ‘Symmetrically120, What two factors determine the directivity pattern of the parasitic array? 121. What two main advantages of a parasitic array can be obtained by combining a reflector and a director with the driven element? Increased gain and directivity. 122. The parasitic array can be rotated to receive or transmit in different directions, What is the name given to such an antenna? Rotary array, 123, What are the disadvantages of the parasitic array? ‘Their adjustment is critical and they do not operate over a wide frequency range. 124, What is the advantage of adding parasitic elements to a Yagi array? Increased gain, 125. The Yagi antenna is an example of what type of array? Multi-element parasitic array 126. To radiate power efficiently, a long-wire antenna must have what minimum overall length? One-half wavelength. 127. What is another name for the Beverage antenna? Wave antenna 128. What is the polarity of the currents that feed the V antenna? Opposite 129, What is the main disadvantage of the rhombic antenna? trequires a large antenna site. 130. What is the primary reason for the development of the turnstile antenna? For omnidirectional vhf communications 131, Microwave antennas and low-frequency antennas are similar in what ways? Operating principles and electrical characteristics 132, What term is used to express the efficiency of an antenna? Power gain or power ratio, 133. What term is used to express the measurement of the degree of mismatch between a line and its load? Standing-wave ratio (SWR) 134, What type of antenna radiates in and receives energy from all directions at once? Omnidirectional 135, What is the term that is used to describe narrowness in the radiated beam of an antenna?Antenna directivity 136. What characteristic allows the same antenna to both transmit and receive? Reciprocity. 137. What type of reflector is most often used in directive antennas? Parabolic. 138. Microwaves can be reflected and focused in the same way as what other type of waves? Light waves. 139, How many major lobes are radiated by a parabolic reflector? One 140. A horizontally truncated parabolic antenna is used for what purpose? Determine elevation 141. The beam from a horizontally positioned cylindrical paraboloid is narrow in what plane? Vertical, 142. What is a purpose of a collimating lens? Forces the ra segments of a wavefront into parallel paths 143. What type of lens decelerates a portion of a spherical wavefront? Delay lens 144, What is a set of antenna elements called? Antenna array 145. What type of antenna has all elements connected to the same energy source? Driven array 146. What determines the beam elevation angle of an antenna that is electronically scanned in elevation? ‘requency or phase of rad d ener, 147. What is the polarization of the energy radiated by a vertical slot? Horizontal 148. Calculate the length of a half-wave dipole for an operating frequency of 20MHz 142.5 468 Leneind = Fann? bene = Far 149. A dipole antenna has a radiation resistance of 67 ohms and a loss resistance of 5 ohms measured at the feedpoint. Calculate the efficiency. 93% Rradiation _ Pout [""Rtotal_~ Pin150, Determine the efficiency with the following: Pin = 1000w, |= 10 A, R= 8 ohm. 80% Complete List of Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Communications Engineering Coaching Materials, Important List of Communications Engineering Materials Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Series of Communications Engineering Exams: ECE Pre-Board Series of Questions and Answers in Communications Engineering Multiple Choice Questions in Data Communications and Networking Reviewer in Electronic Communications System by Wayne Tomas! 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BD subscrite © Add Disqus to yoursite Add Disqus Add @ Privacy x Become PinoyBIX FAN aS Pinoybix.orgPinoyBlX™ Turning Students Into Professionals #¥ > Coaching in EST Coaching Materials in Transmission Lines and Antennas Part 4 for ECE Board Exam ‘&Froyd Wess ff} 12:00 PM Tre Coaching Materiols: Transmission Lines and Antennas This is the Coaching materials in Transmission Lines and Antennas Part 4 as one topic in ECE Board Exam taken from various sources including but not limited to past Board Examination Questions in Electronic System and Technologies (EST), Communications Books, Journals and other Communications References. This particular Coaching Notes in Communications Engineering has random Questions and Answers in random topics. Make sure to familiarize this review notes to increase the chance of passing the ECE Board Exam. Transmission Lines and Antennas Coaching Materials Part 4 151. A dipole antenna has an efficiency of 85%. Calculate the gain in decibels. 1.43 dBi IG(dBi) = 10logG; G = Dy; where D = 2.14aBi or 1.638 152. The ERP of a transmitting station is 17W in a given direction. Express this as an ERP in dBm so that it can be used with the path loss equation. Also find EIRP. ERP = 42.3 dBm; EIRP = 44.44 dBm|ERP(dbM) = 10lo, ERP Fo imi [EIRP(dBm) = ERP(dBm) + 2.14dB 153. A helical antenna with eight turns is to be constructed for a frequency of 1.2GHz (a) calculate the optimum diameter and spacing for the antenna and find the total length of the antenna. (b) calculate the antenna gain in dBi (c) calculate the bandwidth. (a) 62.5 mm; (b) 14.8 dBi: (c) 36.6 degrees 7 2] Doptimum = =| spacing = 7 [Cone = Neurass| 154. A parabolic antenna has a diameter of 3 m, an efficiency of 60%, and operates at a frequency of 4 GHz, Caleulate the gain and beamwidth. G = 39.8 dBi; beamwidth = 1.78 degrees. =@) = aa *D 155. A power of 100 Wis supplied to an isotropic radiator. What is the power density at a point 10 km away? 79.6 nW/square meter PE * a? Pa 156. Find the electrical field strength for a signal power of 100W at a distance of 10 km away. 5.48 mv/m ¥30P 1 r 157. A 5 kW power, produces a field intensity of 50 uV/m at the receiver, what field intensity will be received if the power is raised to 20 kW? 100uv/m_ 158. A transmitter has a power output of 150 W ata cartier frequency of 325 MHz. It is connected to an antenna with a gain of 12 dBi. The receiving antenna is 10km away and has a gain of 5 dBi. Calculate the power delivered to the receiver, assuming free-space propagation. Assume also that there are no losses or mismatches in the system. Le, = 3244+ 20logd.,+ 20 ot a ~ Gri ~ Gn) 159. A taxi company uses a central dispatcher, with an antenna at the top of a 15 m tower, to communicate with taxi cabs. The taxi antennas are on the roofs of the cars, approximately 1.5 m above the ground. Calculate the maximum communication distance: (a) between the dispatcher and a taxi (b) le = 404 nwbetween taxis (2) 21 km (b) 10.1 km ld = /17hy +/17ha| 160. in the right-hand rule for propagation, the thumb points in the direction of the E field and the forefinger points in the direction of the H field. in what direction does the middle finger point? Direction of wave propagation. 161. Which two composite fields (composed of E and H fields) are associated with every antenna? fi lation fi 162. What composite field (composed of E and H fields) is found stored in the antenna? Induction field. 163. What composite field (composed of E and H fields) is propagated into free space? Radiation field 164. if a transmitting antenna is placed close to the ground, how should the antenna be polarized to give the greatest signal strength? Vertically polarized, 165. What is one of the major reasons for the fading of radio waves which have been reflected from a surface? Shifting in the phase relationships of the wave. 166. What are the three layers of the atmosphere? ‘Troposphere, stratosphere and ionosphere 167. Which layer of the atmosphere has relatively little effect on radio waves? Stratosphere 168. What is the determining factor in classifying whether a radio wave is a ground wave or a space wave? 169. What is the best type of surface or terrain to use for radio wave transmission? Radio horizon is about 1/3 farther. 170. What is the primary difference between the radio horizon and the natural horizon? Seawater, 171. What three factors must be considered in the transmission of a surface wave to reduce attenuation?172. What causes ionization to occur in the ionosphere? igh ener vi from the sun, 173. How are the four layers of the ionosphere designated? DEF1F2 layers. 174, What is the height of the individual layers of the ionosphere? D ri mil ar is 90 mil re Of 240 mil 175. What factor determines whether a radio wave is reflected or refracted by the ionosphere? ‘Thickness of ionized layer 176. There is a maximum frequency at which vertically transmitted radio waves can be refracted back to earth. What is this maximum frequency called? Critical 177. What three main factors determine the amount of refraction in the ionosphere? lensity of ionization of. r (b) frequen ingle at which he layer 178. What is the skip zone of a radio wave? Azone of silence between the ground wave and sky wave where there is no reception. 179. Where does the greatest amount of ionospheric absorption occur in the ionosphere? Where ionization density is gr 180. What is meant by the term multipath? Aterm used to describe the multiple pattern a radio wave may follow. 181. When a wide band of frequencies is transmitted simultaneously, each frequency will vary in the amount of fading. What is this variable fading called? ‘Selective fading 182. What are two main sources of EMI with which radio waves must compete? Natural and man-made interference 183, Thunderstorms, snow storms, cosmic sources, the sun, etc,, are a few examples of emi sources. What type of EMI comes from these sources? Natural 184. Motors, switches, voltage-regulators, generators, etc., are a few examples of EMI sources, what type of EMI comes from these sources? Man-made 185. What are the two general types of variations in the ionosphere? ular and.186, What is the main difference between these two types of variations? Regular variations can be predi i r variation: Unpredictable 187. What are the four main classes of regular variation which affect the extent of ionization in the ionosphere? Dai 27 ‘at 188. What are the three more common types of irregular variations in the ionosphere? Sporadic &, sudden disturbances, and ionospheric storms. 189. How do raindrops affect radio waves? They can cause attenuation by scattering, 190. How does fog affect radio waves at frequencies above 2 Gigahertz? Itean cause attenuation by absorption 191. How is the term “temperature inversion” used when referring to radio waves? It is a condition where layers of warm air are formed above layers of coo] air. 192. How does temperature inversion affect radio transmission? 193. In what layer of the atmosphere does virtually all weather phenomena occur? ‘Troposphere 194, Which radio frequency bands use the tropospheric scattering principle for propagation of radio waves? VHF and above. Complete List of Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Important List of Communications Engineering Materials Communications Engineering Coaching Materials Series of Communications Engineering Exams: ECE Pre-Board Series of Questions and Answers in Communications EngineeringMuttiple Choice Questions in Data Communications and Networking Reviewer in Electronic Communications System by Wayne Tomasi Pinoybix.org Like Page 878 likes ® Labels: coaching in EsT 85 Next Previous Coaching Materials in Digital and Data Coaching Materials in Transmission Lines and € Communications Part 1 for ECE Board Exam Antennas Part 3 for ECE Board Exam > (http://www.pinoybix.org/2015/04/digital-and- _(http://www.pinoybix.org/2015/04/transmission data-communications-coaching-part1 htm)) dines-and-antennas-coaching-part3.html) POST A COMMENT disqus blogger facebookOComments _ pinoybix @ Recommend — [ Share e@ Start the discussion. => @ Login ~ Sort by Best ~ Be the first to comment. ALSO ON PINOYEIX Solution: What is the sum of the coefficients of the expansion (2x - 1)*20? 4 comment amonth ager MA— the asnwer is wrong}!!!II!HINNINITRY, ADDING THIS AND YOU WILL GET THE ANSWER OF 1(2x-1)*20 = 1048576 x*20- MCQs in Power Generators/Sources/Principles and 4 corrment+ 2 months ago sakash — Where is answer please MCQs in Strength of Materials Part | - Answers | PinoyBIX - Engineering Review 1 comment: 2 months ago dan montalna— Can you give the solution for number 23 and 27? MCQs in Engineering Economics Part | - Answers | PinoyBIX - Engineering Review 4 comments 2 months ago psychobacon — where can i view the solutions|? TD suvserve @ Ada diequs to yourske Add Diaqus Add & Prvagy Become PinoyBIX FAN