Assignment 3 (Skema)

1. (a) State the differences between Static RAM (SRAM) and Dynamic RAM (DRAM). Give
your answer in form of table.
Ans:
Refer Note
(b) Explain the following sentence.
“Nowadays DRAM is more popular compared to SRAM”
Ans:
Refer Note
(c) Explain the disadvantages of DRAM compared to SRAM
Ans:
Refer Note

2. Defines the following terms:

i. MROM
ii. PROM
iii. EPROM
iv. EEPROM
Ans:
Refer Note
3. Draw the memory map for a microprocessor 68000. The specifications of the system are
like below:
- Size of EPROM is 2 MB and starting address at $000000
- Size of RAM is 4MB and ending address at $7FFFFF
- Size of I/O is 256 KB and starting address at $800000

Ans:
EPROM:

Given size of EPROM is 2MB, 2 x 2^20 = 2097152 (dec)
200000(hex)

So,
Ending address = Starting address + size -1
Ending address = $000000 + $200000 – 1
= $1FFFFF

RAM:

Given size of RAM is 4MB, 4 x 2^20 = 4194304 (dec)
400000(hex)

So,
Staring address = Ending address - size +1
Starting address = $7FFFFF - $400000 + 1
= $400000
I/O:

Given size of RAM is 256KB, 256 x 2^10 = 262144 (dec)
40000(hex)

So,
Ending address = Starting address + size -1
Ending address = $800000 + $040000 – 1
= $83FFFF

$000000
EPROM
$1FFFFF

$400000
RAM
$7FFFFF
$800000
I/O
$83FFFF
4. The memory size of a system is 32 MB. Assume the system has TWO (2) 8 MB RAM
residing consecutively at the top of the memory.
i. Calculate the starting and ending address of each block of memory.
ii. Draw a complete memory map of the system

Ans:
(i) MEMORY BLOCK:
Given size of System is 32MB, 32 x 2^20 = 33554432 (dec)
2000000(hex)
Knowing, the starting address is $0000000
So,
Ending address = Starting address + size -1
Ending address = $0000000 + $2000000 – 1
= $1FFFFFF
(ii) RAM 1:
Given size of RAM 1 is 8MB, 8 x 2^20 = 8388608 (dec)
800000(hex)
Starting address = $0000000
So,
Ending address = Starting address + size -1
Ending address = $0000000 + $800000 – 1
= $07FFFFF

RAM 2:
Given size of RAM 2 is 8MB, 8 x 2^20 = 8388608 (dec)
800000(hex)
Starting address = $7FFFFF + 1 = $800000
So,
Ending address = Starting address + size -1
Ending address = $800000 + $800000 – 1
= $0FFFFFF

$0000000
RAM 1
$07FFFFF
$0800000
RAM 2
$0FFFFFF

UNUSED

$1FFFFFF
5. Given the specification of a RAM is 8K x 4.
i. Find the number of address line.
ii. The total capacity that can store in the RAM.

Ans :
A chip 8K x 4
capacity (number of location in the chip) = 8K
Data = 4 bit

(i) The number of address line is relies on total location in the chip, 2n = Number of location

2n = 8K
= 8 x 210 = 8 x 1024
n
2 =8192
log 2n = log 8192
n = log 8192
log 2
n = 13 lines (A0 – A12)

(ii) Total capacity that can stored in the chip = 8K x 4

= 8 x 210 x 4 = 8 x 1024 x 4bit
= 32768 bit
6. Refer to a memory map of 8 bits microprocessor $0000
as show in figure 1. Determine the sizes of RAM
RAM, ROM and I/O $7FFF
$8000
I/O
$8FFF
$9000
UNUSED
$BFFF
$C000
ROM
$FFFF
Ans: Figure 1: Memory map
Size of RAM:

Size = Ending address – Starting address + 1

= $7FFF - $0000 + 1
=$8000
32768 (dec)
32768
Change to matrix form: = 32kB
1024

Size of ROM:

Size = Ending address – Starting address + 1

= $FFFF - $C000 + 1
=$3FFF
16383 (dec)
16383
Change to matrix form: = 16kB
1024

Size of I/O:

Size = Ending address – Starting address + 1

= $8FFF - $8000 + 1
=$1000
4096 (dec)
4096
Change to matrix form: = 4kB
1024
7. Calculate the numbers of EPROM-27128 chip that required for a computer system 64K x
8 bit. If the size of EPROM-27128 is 16K x 8 bit. Draw the connection of the address
decoder for this system.
Ans:
Step 1: Calculate number of EPROM chip that required is
size of system 64 K × 8bit
= = 4 chips
size of chip 16 K × 8bit

Step 2: Total address line of system is

2 n = 64 K = 64 × 210 = 65536
log 65536
n= = 16 lines
log 2

(A0-A15)

Step 3: Number of Address line for each EPROM-27128 chip is

2 n = 16 K = 16 × 210 = 16384
log 16384
n= = 14 lines
log 2
(A0-A13 from µP connected to this chip)

Step 4: Number of address line that connected to address decoder is

16 lines (from µP) – 14 lines (EPROM) = 2 lines

Step 5: Draw the connection of the address decoder for this system.
D0-D7
µP
A0-A13 A0-A13 A0-A13
A14-
EPROM 1 EPROM 2 EPROM 3 EPROM 4
A15

Address
Decoder