INTRODUCTION

TO
PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION/
MANAGEMENT
Course Code MGT 111
 Lecture 9
Public
Administration/
management in
Pakistan
Post
Independence
Period:
Structure of Civil
Service
 What is Civil Service
Civil = Public = Citizens
Civil Vs. Military
Words like Public, Civil, Government
are used interchangeably
Officers and officials working in
government organization are all
public servants because they draw
their salaries from public exchequer
There are two main ways of
recruiting public servants:

1. Public Service
Commissions (Federal &
Provincial) Grade 15 and
above
2. Direct recruitment (test
& interview by the
organization)
Federal Provincial
Government Government
- Ministries - Department
- Division/s - Directorate
Attached - Autonomous
Department Bodies
- Autonomous Example:
Bodies Development
- Public Authorities
Enterprises - District/Tehsil
office
 What are the
Functions Performed
by the Government
Maintain Peace
Defence
Revenue collection
Maintain currency
How does it perform these functions?
Through its representatives i.e. public
servants who are paid salary from the
government treasury
Modern government performs
many additional functions:

- Utilities (electricity,
telephone, gas)
- Government Accounts
- Foreign relations
- Maintenance of Cantonments
- Regulate, distribute and
allocate
Why has the Functions of
Government increased?
- Population has increased:
Social, Economic, Political and
Global
- Territory has increased
- Technological improvement
- More specialization/ division of
labour
 The structure of the services
existing in Pre-partition sub-
continent was adopted in
Pakistan with modifications.
The following two categories
of the services were
maintained.
1. All-Pakistan Services
2. Central Services
 All Pakistan Services

Civil Service Police

Of Pakistan Service of
(descendent of Pakistan
ICS) (IPS)
 1. ALL-PAKISTAN
SERVICES
Officers of these services served
under central as well as the
provincial governments.
CIVIL SERVICES OF
PAKISTAN (CSP)
It consisted of:-
• Former ICS officers
• Officers who served in WW 2
• Finance service officers
• Officers selected by Competitive
Examination held in 1949 & 1950
 POLICE SERVICE
OF PAKISTAN (PSP)
• It mostly consisted of
– IPS Officers who opted for
Pakistan
• The posts held by PSP officers
included Inspectors-Generals,
Superintendents, Deputy
Superintendents, Assistant
Superintendents etc.
2. CENTRAL SERVICES
It included services which
were controlled by the
Central Government. Before
the Administrative Reforms
(1973), there were 13 Central
Services which are discussed
below:-
Pakistan Foreign
Services
In the beginning, specialized
duties were also performed
by PFS officers. But separate
services were constituted
which met the requirements
for specialized jobs in foreign
missions.
Accounts Services
It included :-
Pakistan Audit and Accounts
Service (PAAS)
Pakistan Military Accounts Service
(PMAS)
Pakistan Railway Accounts Service
(PRAS)
 Accounts Services
The offices included ministries,
attached departments,
subordinate offices, corporations
etc. As financial advisors,
accountant-general, auditors-
general etc
 Pakistan Customs
and Excise Services
It was the combination of
• Sea Customs Service
• Central Land Customs and Excise
Services
The posts included Assistant
Collector, Deputy Collector and
the posts with corresponding
status in CBR.
 Pakistan Taxation
Service
• It consisted of junior officers
promoted from provincial and class
II services on ad-hoc basis. In 1957,
it was upgraded to class I status.
• It held posts of commissioner of
income tax,deputy commissioner of
income tax, income tax officer etc.
Pakistan Military &
Land Cantonment
Service
Officers of this service were
appointed as cantonment
Executive offices and were in-
charge of maintenance and
control of lands within the
cantonment areas as well as
the local governments.
 Pakistan Postal
Service
It was constituted by combining:-
• Pakistan Postal Service
• Telegraph Traffic Service
• Telegraph Engineering Service
In 1965, the Telegraph Service
was separated.
Trade Service of
Pakistan
It was created to meet the
requirements in commercial
fields in Pakistan and in
missions abroad. This cadre
was formally constituted in
1970.
 Information
Service of
Pakistan (ISP)
It was formed in 1963 for
posts requiring journalistic
qualifications for
appointments in Pakistan and
in foreign missions.
 Economic Pool
In 1950, an economic pool
was constituted. Its officers
were drawn from CSP and
from accounts and finance
services. However, it was not
made a regularly constituted
service.
 CONCLUSIONS
1. We adopted the service
structure of the colonial period
2. The political situation of the
country did not permit to review
the structure
3. The structure was more biased
towards maintaining law and
order