Contents

1 Relations and Functions 2

2 Inverse Trigonometric Functions 6

3 Matrices and Determinants 7

4 Continuity and Differentiability 12

5 Applications of Derivatives 16

6 Integrals 18

7 Applications of Integrals 21

8 Differential Equations 23

9 Vector Algebra 26

10 Three Dimensional Geometry 28

11 Linear Programming 30

12 Probability 32

1
Chapter 1

Relations and Functions

One Mark Questions

1. Let A and B be finite set containing m and n elements respectively. The number of
relations that can be defined from A to B is
a) 2mn b) 2m+n c) mn d) 0

2. Let A = {1, 2, 3}. Then the number of equivalence relations containing (1, 2) is
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d)4
√
3. For natural numbers x and y, defined as xRy iff x − y + 2 is an irrational. Then the
relation R is
a) only reflexive b) only symmetric c) only transitive d) an equivalence relation

4. Let R be a relation defined in the set of straight lines as l1 Rl2 iff l1 ⊥ l2 , then R is
a) only reflexive b) only symmetric c) only transitive d) an equivalence relation

5. The number of equivalence relations defined in A = {a, b, c} containing (a, b) and (a, c) is
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d)4

6. The minimum number of elements in an equivalence relation defined in A = {x, y, z} is

a) 1 b) 3 c) 23 d) 29

7. The relation R = {(1, 2)} defined in A = {1, 2, 3} is

a) reflexive b) symmetric c) transitive d) None

8. The maximum number of equivalence relation defined in the set A = {1, 2, 3} is

a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d)5

9. Let R be a relation on the set N of natural numbers defined by nRm if n divides m. Then
R is
a) reflexive and symmetric b) symmetric and transitive
c) an equivalence relation d) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric
√
10. For real numbers x and y, defined as xRy iff x − y + 5 is an irrational. Then the relation
R is
a) reflexive b) symmetric c) transitive d) an equivalence relation

11. Let R = {(a, b) : |a − b| is even } be an equivalence relation in Z then the equivalence

class [2] is equal to
a) [1] b) [0] c) {±1, ±3, ...} d) {0, ±1, ±2, ...}

2
12. The relation R in the set of positive integers defined as R = {(x, y) : x−y is a positive integer },
then R is
a) reflexive b) symmetric c) transitive d) an equivalence relation

13. The relation R in the set R − {0} defined by aRb if a = 1b , then R is

a) reflexive b) symmetric c) transitive d) an equivalence relation

14. Let f : R → R be defined as f (x) = x4 . Choose the correct answer.

a) f is one-one onto b) f is many-one onto c) f is one-one but not onto
d) f is neither one-one nor onto.

15. Let f : R → R be defined as f (x) = 3x. Choose the correct answer.

a) f is one-one onto b) f is many-one onto c) f is one-one but not onto
d) f is neither one-one nor onto.

16. Set A has 3 elements and set B has 4 elements, then the number of injective mapping
that can be defined from A to B is
a) 144 b) 12 c) 24 d) 64

17. Set A has 5 elements and set B has 6 elements, then the number of one-one and onto
mapping that can be defined from A to B is
a) 720 b) 120 c) 0 d) none of these

18. Which of the following function from Z to Z is bijective?

a) f (x) = x3 b) f (x) = x + 2 c) f (x) = 2x + 1 d) f (x) = x2 + 1

19. Let f : R → R be defined by f (x) = x2 + 1. Then, pre-images of 17 and -3, respectively,

are
a) φ, {4, −4} b) {3, −3}, φ
c) {4, −4}, φ d) {4, −4}, {2, −2}

20. Let f : [2, ∞) → R be defined by f (x) = x2 − 4x + 5, then the range of f is

a) R b) [1, ∞) c) [4, ∞) d) [5, ∞)

21. Let f : N → N be defined by f (n) = 2n + 2, then f is

a) surjective b) injective c) bijective d) none of these

22. Let f : R → R be defined by f (x) = sin x, then f is

a) surjective b) injective c) bijective d) neither one-one nor onto

23. Let A = {−1, 0, 1} and f = {(x, x2 ) : x ∈ A}, then f is

a) one-one b) onto c) bijective d) neither one-one nor onto

24. Let f : R → [−1, 1] be defined by f (x) = cos x, then f is

a) one-one b) onto c) bijective d) neither one-one nor onto

25. Let f : N → N be defined by f (n) = n2 + n + 2, then f is

a) surjective b) injective c) bijective d) none of these

26. Let f : R → R be defined by f (x) = sin2 x + cos2 x, then f is

a) one-one b) onto c) bijective d) neither one-one nor onto
x−2
27. The range of the function f (x) = |x−2| is
a) ±1 b) {−1, 1} c) {−1} d) {1}

3
 p
28. The domain of the function f (x) = [x] − x is
a) R b) Z c) R+ d) φ

29. The minimum number of elements in a nonempty transitive relation defined in a set having
5 elements is
a) 0 b) 1 c) 3 d) 5

30. Let R be an equivalence relation defined on a set A having 5 elements then the minimum
number of elements in R is
a) 5 b) 0 c) 25 d) 210

31. Let S and T be two relations defined in the set of real numbers such that S = {(x, y) : y =
x + 1 and 0 < x < 2}, T={ (x, y) : x-y is an integer }, then which one of the following is
true?
a) Neither S nor T is an equivalence relation on R
b) Both S and T is are equivalence relation on R
c) S is an equivalence relation on R but T is not
d) T is an equivalence relation on R but S is not

32. Assertion (A): The relation f : {1, 2, 3, 4} → {x, y, z, p} defined by f = {(1, x), (2, y), (3, z)}
is a bijective function.
Reason(R): The function f : {1, 2, 3} → {x, y, z, p} such that f = {(1, x), (2, y), (3, z)} is
a one-one.

33. A relation R in a set A is called ............................, if (a1 , a2 ) ∈ R implies (a2 , a1 ) ∈ R, for

all a1 , a2 ∈ A. (2020-AI)

34. If A = {a, b} and B = {1, 2, 3}, then the total number of one-one functions from A to B is
.............. . (2020-S)

35. If R = {(x, y) : x + 2y = 8} is a relation in N, write the range of R.

36. Let R = {(a, a3 ) : ais a prime number less than 5} be a relation. Find the range of R.

37. Let R = {(a, b) : |a − b|is divisible by 3} be an equivalence relation in Z. Find the

equivalence class [3].

38. Write the smallest equivalence relation on the set A = {p, q, r}.
1
39. Find the domain and range of the function f (x) = √ .
[x]−x

Two/Four/Five Marks Questions

5x−3
1. Show that a function f : R → R defined as f (x) = 4 is both one-one and onto.(2023)

2. Consider a bijective function f : R+ → (7, ∞) given by f (x) = 16x2 + 24x + 7, where R+

is the set of all positive real numbers. Find the inverse function of f. (2020-AI)

3. Let R be the relation in the set Z of integers given by R = {(a, b) : 2 divides |a − b|}. Show
that the relation R is transitive. (2020-S)

4. Let N be the set of natural numbers and R be the relation on N ×N defined by (a, b)R(c, d)
iff ad = bc for all a, b, c, d ∈ N . Show that R is an equivalence relation. (2020-AI)

4
 5. Let A = {x ∈ Z : 0 ≤ x ≤ 12}. Show that R = {(a, b) : a, b ∈ A, |a − b| is divisible by 4} is
an equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements related to 1. Also write the equivalence
class [2]. (2019-AI)

6. Let f : R − {− 43 } → R be defined as f (x) = 4x

3x+4 . Show that, in f : R − {− 43 } →
Range of f , f is one-one and onto. (2017-AI)

7. Let N be the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation in N × N defined by
(a, b)R(c, d) if ad(b + c) = bc(a + d). Show that R is an equivalence relation. (2015-AI)

8. Determine whether√the relation R defined on the set R of real numbers as R = {(a, b) :

a, b ∈ R and a−b+ 3 ∈ S}, where S is the set of irrational number is reflexive, symmetric
and transitive. (2015-AI)

9. Let A = {1, 2, 3, ..., 9} and R be the relation on A×A defined by (a, b)R(c, d) iff a+d = b+c
for all a, b, c, d ∈ A. Prove that R is an equivalence relation. Also, obtain the equivalence
class [(2, 5)]. (2014-AI)

10. Let A = R − {3}, and B = R − {1}. Consider the function f : A → B be defined by

x−2
f (x) = x−3 . Show that f is one-one and onto. (2012, 2014-AI)

11. Sow that the relation R in the set N is defined by R = {(a, b) : both a and b are either even or odd}
is an equivalence relation.

5
Chapter 2

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

One Mark Questions

1. Assertion (A): Range of [sin−1 x + 2 cos−1 x] is [0, π].  (2023-AI)
Reason(R): Principal value branch of sin−1 x has range − π2 , π2 .


2. The principal value of tan−1 (tan 3π

5 ) is (2020-AI)
a) 2π
5 b)− 2π
5 c) 3π
5 d)− 3π
5

3. The principal value of cos−1 (cos 13π

6 ) is (2020-AI)
13π π π
a) 6 b) 2 c) 3 d) π6
4. The value of tan−1 (tan 7π 6 ) is (2020-AI)
a) π6 b) π2 c) π
3 d) 7π
6

5. The domain of sin−1 (2x− 1) is

a) [-1, 1] b) − π2 , π2 c) [0, 1] d) [0, π]
6. The domain of cot−1 x is
b) − π2 , π2


a) [-1, 1] c) R d) (0, π)
√
7. Find the value of tan−1 3−sec−1 (−2). (2019-AI)
8. Find the domain of cot−1 2x.
9. Find the domain of sec−1 (2x + 1).
h  √ i
10. Find the value of sin π6 − sin−1 − 23 .
Two Marks Questions
1. Find the domain of sin−1 (x2 − 4).
2. Find the value of sin−1 cos 33π



4 .
3. Write the domain and prinipal range of tan−1 x.
  √ 
4. Evaluate: 3 sin−1 √12 + 2 cos−1 23 + cos−1 (0) (2023-AI)
h i
5. Draw the graph of f (x) = sin−1 x, x ∈ − √12 , √12 . Also, write range of f (x). (2023-AI)
h i
6. Draw the graph of f (x) = cos−1 x, x ∈ 0, √12 . Also, write range of f (x).

7. Find the value of tan−1 2 cos 2 sin−1 21 .

6
Chapter 3

Matrices and Determinants

One Mark Questions
 
1 4 x
1. If A =  z 2 y  is a symmetric marix, then the value of x + y + z is: (2023-AI)
−3 −1 3
a) 10 b)6 c) 8 d)0
 
3 0 0
2. If A.(adjA) = 0
 3 0 , then |A| + |adjA| is equal to: (2023-AI)
0 0 3
a) 12 b)9 c) 3 d)27

3. If A and B are skew-symmetric matrices of same order, AB is symmetric, if: (2023-AI)

a) AB=O b)AB=-BA c) AB=BA d)BA=O
√
 
cos x sin x
4. For what value of x ∈ 0, π2 , is A+A0 = 3I, where A =
 
? (2023-AI)
− sin x cos x
a) π3 b) π6 c) 0 d) π2

5. Let A be the area of a triangle having vertices (x1 , y1 ), (x2 , y2 ) and (x3 , y3 ). Which of the
following is correct? (2023-AI)
x1 y1 1 x1 y1 1
a) x2 y2 1 = ±A b) x2 y2 1 = ±2A
x3 y3 1 x3 y3 1
2
x1 y1 1 x1 y1 1
c) x2 y2 1 = ± A2 d) x2 y2 1 = A2
x3 y3 1 x3 y3 1

6. If A is a square matrix order 3 and |A| = 5, then the value of |2A0 | is (2020-AI)
a) -10 b)10 c) -40 d)40

7. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then (I − A)3 + A is equal to (2020-AI)

a) I b)O c) I − A d)I + A

8. If A is a 3 ×3 matrix and |A| = −2, then the value of |A adj(A)| is (2020-AI)

a) -2 b) 2 c) -8 d) 8

9. If A is a 3 × 2 matrix and B is a 2 × 3 matrix such that AB = 3I, then |AB| equals

a) 3 b)9 c) 27 d)81

7
10. If A and B are two square matrices of same order such that AB = I, then choose the
correct option from the following
a) |A| = |B|
b) A and B can be singular matrix
c) A and B are always non-singular matrices
d) None of the above
 
0 0 6
11. The matrix A =  0 6 0  is a:
6 0 0
a) Scalar matrix b)Diagonal matrix
c) Unit matrix d)Symmetric matrix

12. The number of possible real square matrix of order 4 with entries of absolute value 1 is:
a) 28 b)24 c) 216 d)232

13. If A is a 3 × 5 matrix and B is a matrix such that AT B and BAT both are defined, then
the order of B is:
a) 5 × 3 b) 3 × 5 c) 3 × 3 d) 5 × 5
 
2 −1 3
14. The matrix  λ 0 7  is not invertible for ............. . (2020-AI)
−1 1 4
a) λ = −1 b) λ = 0 c) λ = 1 d) λ ∈ R − {1}

15. If A and B are square matrices of the same order, then (A + B)2 is equal to
a) A2 + 2AB + B 2 b) A2 − 2AB + B 2
c) A2 + AB + AB + B 2 d) A2 + AB + BA + B 2

16. If A and B are square matrices of the same order, then (AB 0 − BA0 ) is a
a) skew-symmetric matrix b) null matrix
c) symmetric matrix d) unit matrix

17. For any two matrices A and B, we have

a) AB = BA b) AB 6= BA c) AB = O d) AB = I

18. If the matrix AB is zero, then

a) A = O or B = O b) not necessarily either A = O or B = O
c) A = O and B = O d) none of these

19. If A and B are two matrices of the order 3 × m and 3 × n respectively and m = n, then
the order of matrix (5A − 2B) is
a) m × 3 b) 3 × 3 c) m × n d) 3 × n

20. If A and B are two matrices of the order 3 × m and 3 × n respectively and m = n, then
the order of matrix (5AB) is
a) m × 3 b) 3 × 3 c) m × n d) 3 × m

21. If A is a symmetric matrix and B is another matrix such that B 0 AB exist, then B 0 AB is
a) skew-symmetric matrix b) null matrix
c) symmetric matrix d) Identity matrix

8
22. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and Aij is the cofactor of the element aij , then the value
of a21 A11 + a22 A12 + a23 A13 is
a) −1 b) 0 c) 1 d) 3

23. If the matrix A is both symmetric and skew-symmetric, then |A| is a

a) 0 b) 1 c) −1 d) 3

24. If A is a 3 × 3 skew-symmetric matrix, then |A| is

a) 1 b) 0 c) −1 d) 3

25. The area of a triangle with vertices (−3, 0), (3, 0) and (0, k) is 9 sq. units. The value of k
will be
a) 9 b) 3 c) −9 d) 6

26. If A is a non singular square matrix of order 3 and |A| = 5 then |adj(adjA)| =
a) 5 b) 25 c) 125 d) 625

27. If AB = I, then det(A)det(B) =

a) 0 b) 1 c) −1 d) 2
   
cos θ sin θ k 0
28. If A = and A(adjA) = , then the value of k is
− sin θ cos θ 0 k
a) 0 b) −1 c) 1 d) 2

29. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and |A| = −2, then |3adj(A)| is

a) 27 b) −8 c) 108 d) −216

30. If AB = 5I, then the inverse of B is

a) A b) 0.2A c) 0.2B d) B

31. If A is a singular matrix, then A(adjA) is

a) Scalar matrix b) Null matrix c) Identity matrix d) None
 
x 0 0
32. If x, y, z are non-zero real numbers, then the inverse of matrix A =  0 y 0  is
0 0 z
 −1   −1     
x 0 0 x 0 0 x 0 0 1 0 0
a)  0 y −1 0  b) xyz  0 y −1 0  c) xyz 1  1 
0 y 0  d) xyz 0 1 0 
0 0 z −1 0 0 z −1 0 0 z 0 0 1
33. How many different orders of matrices are possible for a matrix having 15 elements
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

34. Let A be a matrix of order 5 × 7 then the number of elements in each column of A is
a) 1 b) 5 c) 7 d) 3
 
1 1
35. If A = , then A5 is
1 1
     
1 1 5 5 16 16
a) b) c) d) None
1 1 5 5 16 16

36. If A is a matrix of order 3×2, then the order of the matrix A0 is ............. . (2020-AI)

37. A square matrix is said to be skew-symmetric, if ............. . (2020-AI)

9
38. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and Aij is the cofactor of the element aij , then the value
of a21 A11 + a22 A12 + a23 A13 is............. . (2020-AI)

39. If the matrix A is both symmetric and skew-symmetric, then A is a ........... . (2020-AI)

40. If A is a square matrix such that AAT = I, then |A| =................

41. Every square matrix can uniquely be expressed as the sum of a .............. and a ....................
matrix.

42. If A is a singular matrix, then A−1 .............

43. If A is a square matrix of order n and α is a scalar, then adj(αA) = .............

 
8 0
44. If A is a square matrix of order 2 and A(adjA) = , then |A| =.............
0 8
45. If any one diagonal element of a diagonal matrix is zero, then its inverse does not exist.
(True/False)
 
2 0 0
46. If A =  −1 2 3 , then find A(adjA). (2020-AI)
3 3 5

47. If A is a non-singular square matrix of order 3 and A2 = 2A, then find

the value of |A|. (2020-AI)

48. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and |A| = 2, then find the value of |−AA0 |. (2020-AI)

49. A is a square matrix with |A| = 4. Then the value of |A. adj(A)|. (2019-AI)
 
1 2 2
50. If A =  2 1 x  is a matrix satisfying AA0 = 9I, find x. (2019-AI)
−2 2 −1

2x + 2 y 2 + 2
   
x + 4 3y
51. Find the possible value(s) of x and y if = .
5 y 2 − 5y 5 −6
     
3 4 1 y 7 0
52. Find the value of (x − y) if 2 + = .
5 x 0 1 10 5
   
2 3 −2 2
53. Find the matrices X and Y such that 2X + 3Y = and 3X + 2Y = .
4 0 1 −5
 
1 0
54. If A = , then find k such that A2 − 8A + kI = O.
−1 7
55. Give example of nonzero matrices A and B such that AB = O.
  
  1 2 x
56. If 2x 3 = O, find the value(s) of x.
−3 0 3
57. Show that the diagonal elements of a Skew-Symmetric matrix are always zero.
 
2 3
58. For the matrix A = , find A + A0 and verify that it is a symmetric matrix.(2019)
5 7

10
Six Marks or Four Marks Questions
 
1 0 2
1. If A =  0 2 1 , then show that A3 − 6A2 + 7A + 2I = O. (2023-AI)
2 0 3
 
3 2
2. if A = , then find A−1 and use it to solve the following system of equations:
5 −7
3x + 5y = 11, 2x − 7y = −3 (2023-AI)
   
2 −1 5 2
3. Find a matrix D such that CD − AB = O where A = , B = and
3 4 7 4
 
2 5
C= . (2017-D)
3 8
 
2 −3 5
4. Find the inverse of the matrix  3 2 −4  (2019-AI).
1 1 −2
   
5 0 4 1 3 3
5. If A =  2 3 2  , B −1 =  1 4 3 , find (AB)−1 . (2018-AI)
1 2 1 1 3 4
 
1 2 −3
6. If A =  3 2 −2 , then find A−1 and use it to solve the following system of equations:
2 −1 1

x + 2y − 3z = 6 (2020 − AI)
3x + 2y − 2z = 3
2x − y + z = 2

7. Using matrices, solve the following system of linear equations: (2019-AI)

x + 2y − 3z = −4
2x + 3y + 2z = 2
3x − 3y − 4z = 11
  
1 −1 2 −2 0 1
8. Use product  0 2 −3   9 2 −3  to solve the following system of equations(2017)
3 −2 4 6 1 −2
a)x − y + 2z = 1 b)x + 3z = 9
2y − 3z = 1 −x + 2y − 2z = 4
3x − 2y + 4z = 2 2x − 3y + 4z = −3
9. A shopkeeper has 3 varieties of pens A, B, C. Meenu purchased 1 pen of each variety for
a total of Rs21. Jeevan purchased 4 pens of A variety, 3 pens of B variety and 2 pens of
C variety for Rs60. While Shikha purchased 6 pens of A variety, 2 pens of B variety and
3 pens of C variety for Rs70. Using matrix method, find cost of each variety of pen using
matrix method. (2016)

11
Chapter 4

Continuity and Differentiability

One Mark Questions

x2 , x ≥ 0

1. The value of k for which function f (x) = is differentiable at x = 0
kx , x < 0
is:(2023-AI)
a) 1 b) 2 c) any real number d) 0
dy
2. If y = cos x−sin x
cos x+sin x ,
then dxis: (2023-AI)
a) − sec2 π4 − x b) sec2 π
log | sec2 π
d) − log | sec2 π




4 −x c) 4 −x | 4 −x |
x
3. lim |x| = α, then the value of α is
x→0
a) 1 b) −1 c) does not exist d) none of these
4. f (x) = [x] (where [.] denotes the greatest integer function) is continuous at
a) all integer points b) all non-integer points
c) all real numbers d) none of these
e−4x
5. f (x) = x2 +4
is continuous at:
a) R b) R − {0} c) R − {±2} d) R − {−4}
dy
6. If y = f (e−x ) with f 0 (1) = 2, then dx at x = 0 is given by:
a) 1 b) −1 c) 2 d) −2
√
7. If f (x) = tan2 x, then choose the correct option from the following
a) f (x) is continuous and differentiable at x = 0.
b) f (x) is continuous and not differentiable at x = 0.
c) f (x) is neither continuous nor differentiable at x = 0.
d) f (x) is not continuous and differentiable at x = 0.
1
8. f (x) = x+[x] is continuous on:
a) R b) R − {0} c) Z d) none of these
9. f (x) = e|x| , choose the correct option:
a) f (x) is continuous and differentiable at x = 0.
b) f (x) is continuous and not differentiable at x = 0.
c) f (x) is neither continuous nor differentiable at x = 0.
d) f (x) is not continuous and differentiable at x = 0.
10. f (x) = |x|, then f 0 (x) on R − {0} is given by:
x
a) 1 b) −1 c) |x| d) none of these

12
 11. The greatest integer function defined by f (x) = [x], 0 < x < 2 is not differentiable at
x=......... . (2020-AI)
1
12. The function f (x) = x−[x] is discontinuous at ............... .

13. For the function f (x) = x + x1 , x ∈ [1, 3], the value of c for Lagrange Mean Value Theorem
is ................ .

14. The function f (x) = |x − a|, a ∈ R is not ................ at x = a.

√
15. If f (x) = cos x2 , then f 0 ( π)=............... .

16. The function f (x) = 2x − |x| is not ..................... at x = 0.

Two Marks Questions
1 dy
1. if y = x x , then find dx at x = 1. (2023-AI)
dy
2. If x = a sin 2t, y = a(cos 2t + log tan t), then find dx . (2023-AI)
d2 y
3. If x = at2 , y = 2at, then find dx2
. (2020-AI)
p √  2

4. If f (x) = tan x, then find f 0 π
16 . (2020-AI)
 
5. Differentiate tan−1 cos x−sin x
cos x+sin x with respect to x. (2019-AI)

dy
6. Find dx if:
i)x + y 2/3 = a2/3
2/3 ii) sin2 y + cos xy = k
iii) cos y = x cos(a + y) iv)(x2 + y 2 )2 = xy
v) sec(x + y) = xy vi)y = (sin x)cos x
dy
7. Find dx , when:
π
i) x = a sec3 θ, y = a tan3 θ at θ = 3
π
ii) x = a sin 2θ(1 + cos 2θ), y = b cos 2θ(1 − cos 2θ) at θ = 4
iii) x = a(cos θ + log tan 2θ ), y = a sin θ at θ = π
4
iv) x = ecos 2t , y = esin 2t
v) x = aeθ (sin θ − cos θ), y = aeθ (sin θ + cos θ)
Four Marks Questions
2 dy
1. If y = ex cos x + (cos x)x , then find dx . (2020-AI)
d2 y
2. If x = a sec3 θ, y = a tan3 θ, then find dx2
at θ = π4 . (2020-AI)
d2 y
3. If x = a(θ − sin θ), y = a(1 − cos θ), a > 0, then find dx2
at θ = π3 . (2020-AI)
dy cos2 (a+y)
4. If sin y = x cos(a + y), then show that dx = cos a .
dy
Also, show that dx = cos a, when x = 0. (2019-AI)
d2 y
5. If x = a sec3 θ and y = a tan3 θ, find dx2
at θ = π3 . (2019-AI)
−1 x d y 2
dy
6. If y = etan , prove that (1+x2 ) dx2 +(2x−1) dx = 0. (2019-AI)

13
 dy
7. If y = (sin x)x + (cos x)tan x , then find dx .
dy
8. If (cos y)x = (cos x)y , then find dx .
( x+2
2 −16
4x −16 , x 6= 2
9. If f (x) = is continuous at x = 2. Find α.
α ,x = 2

a sin π2 (x + 1) , x ≤ 0

10. If f (x) = tan x−sin x is continuous at x = 0. Find a.
x3
,x > 0

3x − 8 , x ≤ 5
11. If f (x) = is continuous at x = 5. Find α.
2α ,x > 5
1−cos 4x

8x2
, x 6= 0
12. If f (x) = is continuous at x = 0. Find α.
α ,x = 0
tan 7x

sin 5x , x 6= 0
13. If f (x) = is continuous at x = 0. Find α.
α ,x = 0

14. Show that f (x) = |4x − 1| is not differentiable at x = 14 .

15. Show that f (x) = |x − 1| + |x − 2| is not differentiable at x = 1, 2.

16. Show that f (x) = x|x| is not differentiable at x = 0.

√
17. If f (x) = | cos x − sin x|, then show that f 0 ( π3 ) = − 1+2 3 .

18. Differentiate
 the following functions w.r.t. √x 
−1 x−x−1 −1 1+x2 −1
i) cos −1 ii) tan
x+x
√ √  q x 
−1 1+x− 1−x −1 1+sin x
iii) sin 2 iv) tan 1+sin x , 0 < x < π2
 √   √ √ 
2 2 + 1−x2
v) sin−1 5x+1213 1−x vi) tan−1 √1+x 2
√
− 1−x2
√ √   1+x
√ √ √ 
vii) tan−1 √1+sin x+√1−sin x
1+sin x− 1−sin x
viii) sin−1
x 1 − x − x 1 − x 2

√ 
1+x2 −1
19. i) Differentiate tan−1 x w.r.t. tan−1 x.
√
1−x2
 √
ii) Differentiate tan−1 x w.r.t. cos−1 (2x 1 − x2 ).

dy log x
20. i) If xy = ex−y , prove that dx = (1+log x)2
.
dy
ii) If x = ex/y , prove that dx = xx−y
log x .
√ √ dy
iii) If y x2 + 1 = log( x2 + 1 − x), prove that (x2 + 1) dx + xy + 1 = 0.
dy y
iv) If ex + ey = ex+y , prove that dx = − eex .

dy
v) If y = log tan π4 + x2 , show that dx


− sec x = 0.
2
dy
vi) If sin y = x sin(a + y), prove that dx = sinsin
(a+y)
a .
√ p dy
q
1−y 2
vii) If 1 − x2 + 1 − y 2 = a(x − y), prove that dx = 1−x 2.

√ √ dy 1
viii) If x 1 + y + y 1 + x = 0(x 6= y), prove that − dx = (1+x) 2.
√ −1 √ dy
ix) If x = asin t , y = acos−1 t , t ∈ [−1, 1], prove that dx = − xy .

14
 √ dy
x) If y = (x + x2 + a2 )n , prove that dx = √xny2 +a2
.
q
dy
xi) If y = 1−sin 2x 2 π
1+sin 2x , prove that dx + sec ( 4 − x) = 0.
 
dy y−x
p
xii) If log x2 + y 2 = tan−1 xy , show that dx = y+x .
−1
21. a) If y = em sin x, prove that (1 − x2 )y 00 − xy 0 − m2 y = 0.
sin−1 x
b) If y = √
1−x2
, prove that (1 − x2 )y 00 − 3xy 0 − y = 0.
c) If x = tan( a1 log y), prove that (1 + x2 )y 00 + (2x − a)y 0 = 0.
d) If y = eax cos bx, prove that y 00 − 2ay 0 + (a2 + b2 )y = 0.
y
e) If y = xx , prove that y 00 − y1 (y 0 )2 − x = 0.
f) If x = sin t, y = sin pt, prove that (1 − x2 )y 00 − xy 0 + p2 y = 0.
g) If y = 3 cos(log x) + 4 sin(log x), prove that x2 y 00 + xy 0 + y = 0.
h) If y = (tan−1 )2 , prove that (1 + x2 )2 y 00 + 2x(x2 + 1)y 0 − 2 = 0.
√
i) If y = log(x + a2 + x2 ), prove that (x2 + a2 )y 00 + xy 0 = 0.
j) If xm y n = (x + y)m+n , prove that y 00 = 0.
d y 2
cos x
k) If y = tan x + sec x, prove that dx 2 = (1−sin x)2 .
 x
x
l) If y = log a+bx , prove that x3 y 00 = (xy 0 − y)2 .

15
Chapter 5

Applications of Derivatives

One Mark Questions

1. The minimum value of sin

√x cos x is √
1 1
a) 4 b) 2 2 c) 2 d) 2

2. sin x is an increasing function in:

a) (0, π) b) (−π, π) c) (− π2 , π2 ) d) none of these

3. the minimum value of logx x is:

a) e b) 1e c) 1 d) none of these

4. The function f (x) = tan−1 (sin x + cos x) is a decreasing function in

a) (0, π2 ) b) (0, π4 ) c) ( π4 , π2 ) d) (− π2 , π4 )

5. The equation of the normal to the curve y 2 = 8x at the origin is .......... . (2020-AI)

6. The radius of a circle is increasing at the uniform rate of 3cm/sec. At the instant when the
radius of the circle is 2cm, its area increases at the rate of ................. cm2 /sec.(2020-AI)

7. The value(s) of a for which f (x) = ax is decreasing in R is .......... .

√
8. Maximum value of (sin x + 3 cos x) is .............. .

9. For any function y = f (x), the condition to obtain point(s) of extremum is ................. .

10. For the function f (x) = x3 (x ∈ R), x = 0 is a point of ............ .

√ √
11. Slope of tangent for the curve x + y = 1 at ( 41 , 14 ) is given by .............. .

12. If m is the slope of tangent for the curve y = f (x), then slope of its normal is .......... .

Two Marks Questions

1. If f (x) = a(tan x − cot x), where a > 0, then find whether f (x) is increasing or decreasing
function in its domain. (2023-AI)

2. Find the points on the curve y = x3 − 3x2 − 4x at which the tangent lines are parallel to
the line 4x + y − 3 = 0. (2020-AI)

3. Examine the applicability of Rolle’s theorem for the function f (x) = sin 2x in [0, π]. Hence
find the points where the tangent is parallel to x−axis. (2020-AI)

16
 4. Find the values of x for which the function f (x) = 2 + 3x − x3 is decreasing. (2020-AI)
√
5. Using differentials, find the approximate value of 25.3 up to two places of decimals.(2020)

6. At what points on the curve x2 + y 2 − 2x − 4y + 1 = 0, the tangents are parallel to y−axis.

x−7
7. Find the equation of tangent and normal to the curve = (x−2)(x−3) at the point where it
cuts x− axis.
y
8. Show that the line x
a + b = 1 touches the curve y = be−x/a at the point where it crosses
the y−axis.

9. Find the equations of tangent and normal to the curve 16x2 + 9y 2 = 144 at (x1 , y1 ) where
x1 = 2, y1 > 0.

10. Find the equations of tangent and normal to the curve x = a sin3 θ, y = a cos3 θ at θ = π4 .

11. Show that the normal at any point θ to the curve x = a cos θ + a sin θ, y = a cos θ − a sin θ
is at a constant distance from the origin.

12. Find the equation of tangent/normal to the y = 4x3 − 3x + 5 which are parallel to the
line 9y + x + 3 = 0.

13. Find the equation of tangent/normal to the y = 4x3 − 3x + 5 which are perpendicular to
the line 9y + x + 3 = 0.

14. Show that the curves xy = a2 and x2 + y 2 = 2a2 touch each other.

15. Show that the curves x = y 2 and xy = k cut orthogonally if 8k 2 = 1.

16. Find the value of p when x2 = 9p(9 − y) and x2 = p(y + 1) cut orthogonally.

17. Find the intervals in which the following functions are increasing or decreasing:
i)f (x) = x3 + x13 , x 6= 0 ii)f (x) = sin x + cos x, [0, 2π]
4 sin x
iii)f (x) = 2+cos x − x iv)f (x) = 4 sin x−2x−x
2+cos x
cos x
, [0, 2π]
2 4 4
v)f (x) = 2 log(x − 2) − x + 4x − 5 vi)f (x) = sin x + cos x, [0, 2π]
vii)f (x) = (x + 2)e−x viii)f (x) = 3x4 − 4x3 − 12x2 + 5
ix)f (x) = [x(x − 2)]2 x)f (x) = 2x3 − 15x2 + 36x + 1
Four Marks Questions

1. Prove that f (x) = tan x − 4x is strictly increasing on (− π3 , π3 ).

2x
2. Prove that f (x) = log(1 + x) − x+2 is strictly increasing throughout its domain.

3. Prove that f (x) = tan−1 (sin x + cos x) is strictly increasing in the interval (0, π4 ).

Six Marks Questions

1. Show that the height of the right circular cylinder of greatest volume which can be in-
scribed in a right circular cone of height h and radius r is one-third of the height of the
cone, and the greatest volume of the cylinder is 94 times of the volume of the cone.(2020)

17
Chapter 6

Integrals

One Mark Questions

Z
1. 2x+2 dx is equal to: (2023-AI)
a) 2x+2 + C b) 2x+2 log 2 + C
x+2 2x
c) 2log 2 + C d) 2. log 2 +C

2 cos 2x − 1
Z
2. dx is equal to: (2023-AI)
1 + 2 sin x
a) x − 2 cos x + C b) x + 2 cos x + C
c) −x − 2 cos x + C d) −x + 2 cos x + C
Z π
4
3. sec2 x dx is equal to (2020-AI)
− π4
a) -1 b) 0 c) 1 d) 2
Z π
1
2 1
4. 2
sin dx, where x 6= 0, is equal to (2020-AI)
x
− π2 x
a) -2 b) 0 c) 1 d) π
Z e
log x
5. dx is equal to (2020-AI)
1 x
2
a) e2 b) 1 c) 12 d) −∞
Z 2a Z a
6. f (x) dx = 2 f (x) dx if f (x) is
0 0
a) even function b) neither even nor odd function
c) odd function d) none
Z π
2
7. For any integer n, the value of esin x cos3 (2n + 1)x dx is
0
a) -1 b) 0 c) 1 d) 2
Z 5
8. x17 cos x dx =..................... .
−5
Z
9. Find: x4 log x dx. (2020-AI)
Z
2x
10. Find: √
3
dx. (2020-AI)
x2 + 1

18
 Z 3
11. Evaluate: |2x − 1| dx. (2020-AI)
1
Z
dx
12. Find: √ . (2020-AI)
9 − 4x2
Two Marks Questions
Z
sin 3x
1. Find: dx. (2022-AI)
sin x
Z 1 log 3
2 ex
2. Find: dx. (2022-AI)
0 e2x + 1
Z √
cot x
3. Find: dx. (2022-AI)
sin x cos x
Z
1
4. Find: dx. (2022-AI)
x(x2 + 4)
Z 1  
2−x
5. Evaluate: loge dx.
−1 2+x
Three Marks Questions
Z 3 √
4−x
1. Evaluate: √ √ dx. (2023-AI)
1 x+ 4−x
Z e
1
2. Evaluate: p dx. (2023-AI)
1 4x − (x log x)2
2

Z
cos x
3. Find: dx. (2023-AI)
sin 3x
Z
4. Find: x2 log(x2 + 1) dx. (2023-AI)
Z 1
5. Find: tan−1 x dx. (2022-AI)
0
Z
2x
6. Find: dx. (2022-AI)
x2 + 3x + 2
2x2 + 3
Z
7. Evaluate: dx; x 6= 0.
x2 (x2 + 9)
Four Marks Questions
Z 1
1. Find: x(1 − x)n dx. (2022-AI)
0
Z π
2 x
2. Find: dx. (2022-AI)
0 sin x + cos x
Z
3. Find: sec3 x dx. (2020-AI)

19
 Z
2x + 1
4. Find: √ dx. (2020-AI)
3 + 2x − x2
Z r
x
5. Evaluate: dx; x ∈ (0, 1).
1 − x3
Z π
4
6. Evaluate: loge (1 + tan x) dx.
0

20
Chapter 7

Applications of Integrals

Long Questions

1. Using integration, find the area of the smaller region enclosed by the curve 4x2 + 4y 2 = 9
and the line 2x + 3y = 3. (2022-AI)

2. If the area of the region bounded by the curve y 2 = 4ax and the line x = 4a is 256
3 sq. units,
then using integration, find the value of a, whrer a > 0. (2022-AI)

3. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the triangle whose vertices are
(2, −2), (4, 5) and (6, 2). (2020-AI)

4. Using integration, find the area of the region{(x, y) : x2 +y 2 ≤ 9, x+y ≥ 3}. (2020-AI)

5. Using integration, find the area of the region enclosed by the parabola y = 3x2 and the line
3x − y + 6 = 0. (2020-AI)

6. Using integration find the area of the region bounded between the two circles x2 + y 2 = 9
and (x − 3)2 + y 2 = 9. (2020)

7. Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (1, 1), (0, 5) and (3, 2), using integration.
(2019)

8. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves (x1)2 + y 2 = 1 and x2 + y 2 = 1, using
integration. (2019)

9. Using integration, find the area of the greatest rectangle that can be inscribed in an ellipse
2
x2
a2
+ yb2 = 1. (2019)

10. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y 2 = 4x and the
circle 4x2 + 4y 2 = 9. (2019)

11. Using the method of integration, find the area of the region bounded by the lines
3x − 2y + 1 = 0, 2x + 3y − 21 = 0 and x − 5y + 9 = 0. (2019)

12. Using integration, find the area of the region {(x, y) : x2 +y 2 ≤ 16a2 and y 2 ≤ 6ax}(2019)

13. Using integration, find the area of triangle ABC bounded by the lines
4x − y + 5 = 0, x + y − 5 = 0 and x − 4y + 5 = 0. (2019)

14. Using method of integration, find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (1, 0), (2, 2) and (3, 1).(2019)

21
15. Using method of integration, find the area of the region enclosed between two circles
x2 + y 2 = 4 and (x − 2)2 + y 2 = 4. (2019)

16. Using integration, find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the x-axis,
the line y = x and the circle x2 + y 2 = 32. (2018)

17. Using integration, find the area of the region :

{(x, y) : 0 ≤ 2y ≤ x2 , 0 ≤ y ≤ x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 3}. (2018-C)

22
Chapter 8

Differential Equations

One Mark Questions

dy
1. The solution of the differential equation dx
x + y = 0 is: (2023-AI)
1 1
a) x + y = C b) log x − log y = C c) xy = C d) x + y = C

2. What is the product of the order and degree of the differential equation
d2 y
 3
dy √
dx 2 sin x + dx cos y = y? (2023-AI)
a) 3 b) 2 c) 6 d) not defined

3. The number of arbitrary constants in the particular solution a differential equation of

second order is (are) (2020-AI)
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3
2
d y dy
4. The degree of the differential equation x2 dx 3
2 = (x dx − y) is (2020)
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3
dy
5. Find integrating factor of the differential equation x dx = 2x2 + y. (2020)
dy
6. Find integrating factor of the differential equation (x + 3y 2 ) dx = y. (2020)
  2 4
d2 y dy
7. Find the order and the degree of the differential equation x2 dx 2 = 1 + dx .(2019)

8. Find the order and degree (if defined) of the differential equation (2019)
 2
d2 y
 2 
dy 2 d y
2
+x = 2x log
dx dx dx2

 2   2  3
d4 y dy
9. Write the order and the degree of the differential equation dx4
= x+ dx .(2019)

dy
10. Find the integrating factor of the differential equation x dx − 2y = 2x2 . (2019)
Two Marks Questions
1. Find the product of the order and the degree of the differential equation (2022-AI)
 
d 2 dy
(xy ) +y =0
dx dx
.

23
 dy
2. Find the particular solution of the differential equation dx = 2y 2 , given that y = 1, when
x = 1. (2022-AI)
dx
3. Solve the differential equation : dy + y = cos x − sin x. (2019)

4. Solve the following differential equation :(y + 3x2 ) dx

dy = x. (2019)
 
5. Solve the differential equation cos dx
dy = a, a ∈ R. (2018-C)

Three Marks Questions

d 2
1. Find the general solution of the differential equation: dx (xy ) = 2y(1+x2 ). (2023-AI)
y
2. Solve the differential equation: xe x − y + x dx
dy = 0. (2023-AI)

3. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (y + 3x2 ) dx

dy = x, given that y = 1,
when x = 1. (2022-AI)
dy
4. Find the general solution of the differential equation x dx − y + x sin xy = 0. (2022-AI)
 y
 y
5. Solve the differential equation 1 + e x dy+e x 1 + xy dx = 0.


(2022-AI)

Four Marks Questions

1. Find the general solution of the differential equation (2020-AI)

yey dx = (y 3 + 2xey )dy.

2. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (2020-AI)

dy y π
x = y − x tan , given that y = at x = 1.
dx x 4
dy
3. Find the general solution of the differential equation ey−x dx = 1. (2020)

4. Find the general solution of the differential equation (2020)

y y y
(1 + e x )dy + e x (1 − )dx = 0, (x 6= 0).
x

5. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (2020)

π
cos ydx + (1 + e−x ) sin ydy = 0, given that y = when x = 0.
4

6. Find the general solution of the differential equation x2 ydx−(x3 +y 3 )dy = 0. (2020)

7. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (2020)

y
y

x sin x + x − y sin x = 0 given that x = 1 when y = π2 .

8. Solve the differential

p equation: (2019)
xdy − ydx = x + y 2 dx given that y = 0 when x = 1.
2

dy
9. Solve the differential equation : (1 + x2 ) dx + 2xy − 4x2 = 0, subject to the initial condition
y(0) = 0. (2019)

24
 dy x+y
10. Solve the differential equation : dx = x−y (2019)

11. Solve the differential equation : (1+x2 )dy+2xydx = cot xdx (2019)
dy
12. Solve the differential equation dx = 1+x2 +y 2 +x2 y 2 , given that y = 1 when x = 0.(2019)
dy xy
13. Find the particular solution of the differential equation dx = x2 +y 2
, given that y = 1 when
x = 0. (2019)

14. Find the particular solution of the differential equation :

(1 + e2x )dy + (1 + y 2 )ex dx = 0, given that y(0) = 1. (2019)

15. Find the particular solution of the differential equation :

dy y
y

x dx sin x + x − y sin x = 0 given that y(1) = π2 . (2019)
dy
= y − x tan xy .


16. Solve the differential equation : x dx (2019)
h i
dy
17. Solve the differential equation : dx = − x+y cos x
1+sin x . (2019)

18. Find the particular solution of the differential equation

ex tan ydx + (2 − ex ) sec2 ydy = 0, given that y = π4 when x = 0. (2018)

19. Find the particular solution of the differential equation

dy π
dx + 2y tan x = sin x given that y = 0 when x = 3 . (2018)

20. Solve the differential equation (x2 − y 2 )dx + 2xydy = 0 (2018-C)

dy 1
21. Find the particular solution of the differential equation (1 + x2 ) dx + 2xy = 1+x2
, given
that y = 0 when x = 1. (2018-C)

25
Chapter 9

Vector Algebra

One Mark Questions

→
− →
−
1. If →
−
a = 4i + 6jand b = 3j + 4k, then the
b b b b
 vector form of the component
 of →
−
a along
 b is 
a) 18
5 3i + 4k
b b b) 18
25 3j + 4k
b b c) 18
25 2i + 4j
b b d) 18
5 3j + 4k
b b

2. The value of λ for which two vectors 2bi − b

j + 2b
k and 3bi + λb
j+b
k are perpendicular is
a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8
−→ −−→ −−→ −−→
3. ABCD is a rhombus whose diagonals intersect at E. Then EA + EB + EC + ED equal to
→
− −−→ −−→ −−→
a) 0 b) AD c) 2BD d) 2AD
→
−
4. If the projection of →
−
a = bi − 2b
j + 3b
k on b = 2bi + λb
k is zero, then the value of λ is
a) 0 b) 1 c) − 23 d) − 32

5. The vector equation of the line passing through the point (−1, 5, 4) and perpendicular to
the plane z = 0 is (2020-AI)
a) →
−
r = −bi + 5bj + 4bk + λ(bi + b
j) b) →
−r = −bi + 5b
j + (4 + λ)b
k
c) →
−
r = bi − 5b
j − 4bk + +λbk d) →
−r = λb
k

6. The length of the perpendicular drawn from the point (4, −7, 3) on the y-axis is (2020)
a) 3 units b) 4 units c) 5 units d) 7 units

7. The image of the point (2, −1, 5) in the plane →

−
r .bi = 0 is (2020-AI)
a) (−2, −1, 5) b) (2, 1, −5) c) (−2, 1, −5) d) (2, 0, 0)

8. A point P lies on the line segment joining the points (−1, 3, 2) and (5, 0, 6), If x−coordinate
of P is 2, then its z−coordinate is (2020-AI)
a) −1 b) 4 c) 23 d) 8
−→ −−→
9. The position vectors of two points A and B are OA = 2bi − b j−b k and OB = 2bi − bj + 2b
k,
respectively. The position vector of a point P which divides the line segment joining A and
B in the ration 2 : 1 is ............ . (2020-AI)
→
− →
− →
−
10. →
−
a and b are two unit vectors such that |2→
−
a + 3 b | = |3→
−
a − 2 b |. Find the angle between
→
− →
−
a and b . (2022-AI)
→
−
11. Find a unit vector perpendicular to each of the vector →
−
a and b where →
− j − 2b
a = 5bi + 6b k
→
−
and b = 7i + 6j + 2k.
b b b (2020-AI)

26
 →
−
12. Find the volume of the parallelopiped whose adjacent edges are represented by 2→
−
a ,− b
→
−
and 3→
−c , where →
−
a = bi− b
j +2b
k, b = 3bi+4b k and →
j −5b −c = 2bi− b
j +3b
k. (2020-AI)
−→ −−→ −−→ −−→
13. ABCD is a parallelogram such that AC = bi + bj and BD = 2bi + b
j+b
k. Find AB and AD.
Also, find the area of the parallelogram ABCD. (2022-AI)

14. Find the equation of the plane passing through points (2, 1, 0), (3, -2, -2) and (1, 1, -7).
Also, obtain its distance from the origin. (2022-AI)

15. Using vectros, find the value of ’b’ if the points A(-1, -1, 2), B(2, b, 5) and C(3, 11, 6)
are collinear. Also, determine the ratio in which the point B divides the line-segment AC
internally. (2022-AI)
→
− →
−
16. If →
−
a and b are two vectors such that →
−
a = bi − b k and b = 2bi − b
j+b j − 3b
k, then find the
→
− →
− →
− →
− →
− →
−
vector c , given that a × c = b and a . c = 4. (2022-AI)

17. Find the distance between the point (-1, -5, -10) from the point of intersection of the line
x−2 y+1 z−2
3 = 4 = 12 and the plane x − y + z = 5.. (2022-AI)

18. Find the coordinates of the point where the line through (5, 1, 6) and (3, 4, 1) crosses the
zx-plane. (2022-AI)

19. Find the equation of the plane that contains the point A(2, 1, −1) and is perpendicular
to the line of intersection of the planes 2x + y − z = 3 and x + 2y + z = 2. Also find the
angle between the plane thus obtained and the y−axis. (2020-AI)

20. Find the distance of the point P (−2 − 4, 7) from the point of intersection Q of the line
→
−r = (3bi − 2b k) + λ(2bi − b
j + 6b k) and the plane →
j + 2b −
r .(bi − b
j +b
k) = 6. Also write the vector
equation of the line P Q. (2020-AI)

27
Chapter 10

Three Dimensional Geometry

1. The lines →
− k and →−
   
j−b
r = bi + b j − 6b
k + λ 2bi + 3b r = 2bi − b
j−b j − 18b
k + µ 6bi + 9b k ;
(where λ&µ are scalars) are
a) coincident b) skew c) intersecting d) parallel
2. Write the cartesian equation of the line PQ passing through points P(2, 2, 1) and Q(5,
1, -2). Hence, find the y-coordinate of the point on the line PQ whose z-coordinat is -2.
(2022-AI)
3. Find the value of k so that the lines x = −y = kz and x − 2 = 2y + 1 = −z + 1 are
perpendicular to each other. (2020-AI)
4. Write the vector equation of the line, whose Cartesian equation is given by
3−x y+4 2z−6
5 = 7 = 4 .

5. Write the Cartesian equation of the line, whose vector equation is given by
→
− j − 6b
r = (3bi + 4b k) + λ(5bi + 7b
j + 4b
k).
6. Find the cartesian equation of the line passing through the point A(1, 2, −1) and parallel
to the line 5x − 25 = 14 − 7y = 35z.
3−x y+4
7. Write the direction cosines of the line 5 = 7 ,z = 6.
8. Write the Cartesian equation of the line which passes through the point (-1, 0, 3) and
parallel to the line →
− j − 6b
r = (3bi + 4b k) + λ(5bi + 7b
j + 4b
k).
x−2 y+4 2z−6 3−x y−14 z−6
9. Find the value of k such that the lines 5 = k = 4 and k = 7 = 3 are
perpendicular.
10. Find the shortest distance between the lines l1 and l2 whose vector equations are
→
− j) + λ(2bi − b
r = (bi + b k) and →
j+b − j−b
r = (2bi + b k) + µ(3bi − 5b
j + 2b
k).
11. Find the shortest distance between the lines l1 and l2 whose vector equations are
→
− j − 4b
r = (bi + 2b k) + λ(2bi + 3b k) and →
j + 6b − j − 5b
r = (3bi + 3b k) + µ(4bi + 6b
j + 12b
k).
12. Find the shortest distance between the lines l1 and l2 whose vector equations are
3−x y+4 2z−6
5 = 7 = 4 and x5 = y + 4, 2z − 6 = 0. State whether the lines intersect or not?
Justify your answer.
y−2
13. Assertion (A): The straight line x−3 z−1
3 = 1 = 0 is perpendicular to Z − axis.
Reason (R): Two lines are perpendicular, if the dot product of their direction vectors is
0.

28
 x−2 y−1 −z−3 2−x y−4 z−5
14. Find the angle between the pair of lines 2 = 5 = 3 and 1 = 8 = 4 .

15. Find the angle between the pair of lines →

−
r = (2bi − 5b
j+b
k) + λ(3bi + 2b
j + 6b
k) and
→
−
r = (7i − 6k) + µ(1i + 2j + 2k).
b b b b b

16. Find the vector equation of the line passing through the point (1, 2, 4) and perpendicular
y+19
to the two lines x−8
3 = −16 = 7
z−10
and x−15
3 = y−29 z−5
8 = −5 .

17. Find the coordinates of the point where the line through (5, 1, 6) and (3, 4, 1) crosses the
Y Z − plane.

18. Find the equation and length of the perpendicular drawn from the point (3, −1, 11) to the
line x2 = y−2 z−3
3 = 4 .

19. The cartesian equation of the line →

− j + (−4 − 8λ)b
r = (5 + 3λ)bi + (2 + 3λ)b k is given by
5−x y−2 −z−4
a = b = c . Find the value of a + b + c.

20. Find the co-ordinates of the foot of perpendicular drawn from the point (1, −1, 1) to the
y−2
line x−2 z−3
2 = 1 = 2 . Write the equation of the perpendicular.
x−2 y−1 −z−3
21. Find the co-ordinates of the intersection point of the lines 2 = 5 = 3 and
2−x y−4 z−5
1 = 8 = 4 .

22. Find the coordinates of the image of the point (1, 6, 3) with respect to the line → −r =
(b
j + 2b
k) + λ(bi + 2b k); where 0 λ0 is a scalar. Also, find the distance of the image from
j + 3b
the y-axis.

23. An aeroplane is flying along the line →

−r = λ(bi − b
j + 3b
k) and another aeroplane is flying
→
−
along the line r = (bi − b
j) + µ(−2b
j +bk); where λ0 and 0 µ0 are scalars. At what points on
0

the lines should they reach, so that the distance between them is the shortest? Find the
shortest possible distance between them.

29
Chapter 11

Linear Programming

One Mark Questions

1. The corner points of the bounded feasible region determined by the system of linear
constraints are (0, 3), (1, 1) and (3, 0). Let Z = px + qy, where p, q > 0. The condition on
p and q so that the minimum of Z occurs at both (3, 0) and (1, 1) is
a) p = 2q b) p = 2q c) p = 3q d) p = q

2. The feasible region corresponding to the linear constraints of a Linear Programming Prob-
lem is given below

Which of the following is not a constraint to the given Linear Programming Problem?
a) x + y ≥ 2 b) x + 2y ≤ 10 c) x − y ≥ 1 d) x − y ≤ 1

3. The corner points of the feasible region determined by the system of linear inequalities are
(0, 0), (4, 0), (2, 4) and (0, 5). If the maximum value of z = ax + by, where a, b > 0 occurs
at both (2, 4) and (4, 0), then (2020-AI)
a) a = 2b b) 2a = b c) a = b d) 3a = b
Four Marks Questions
1. A furniture trader deals in only two items- chairs and tables. He has Rs50, 000 to in-
vest and a space to store at most 35 items. A chair costs him Rs1, 000 and a table cost

30
him Rs2, 000. The trader earns a profit of Rs150 and Rs250 on a chair and table, re-
spectively. Formulate the above problem as an LPP to maximise the profit and solve it
graphically.(2020-AI)

31
Chapter 12

Probability

One Mark Questions

1. If A and B are two independent events with P (A) = 1
3 and P (B) = 41 , then P (B 0 /A) is
equal to (2020-AI)
a) 41 b) 13 c) 34 d) 1
2. From the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, two numbers a and b(a 6= b) are chosen at random. The
probability that ab is an integer is : (2020)
1 1 1 3
a) 3 b) 4 c) 2 d) 5
3. A bag contains 3 white, 4 black and 2 red balls. If 2 balls are drawn at random (without
replacement), then the probability that both the balls are white is (2020)
1 1 1 1
a) 18 b) 36 c) 12 d) 24
4. Three dice are thrown simultaneously. The probability of obtaining a total score of 5 is
5
a) 216 b) 61 1
c) 36 1
d) 49 (2020)
5. A card is picked at random from a pack of 52 playing cards. Given that the picked card
is a queen, the probability of this card to be a card of spade is (2020)
1 1 1 4
a) 3 b) 4 c) 2 d) 13
6. A number is chosen randomly from numbers 1 to 60. The probability that the chosen
number is a multiple of 2 or 5 is (2020)
a) 52 b) 35 7
c) 10 9
d) 10
7. A die is thrown once. Let A be the event that the number obtained is greater than 3. Let
B be the event that the number obtained is less than 5. Then P (A ∪ B) is (2020)
a) 25 b) 35 c) 0 d) 1
8. Two cards are drawn at random and one-by-one without replacement from a well-shuffled
pack of 52 playing cards. Find the probability that one card is red and the other is
black.(2020-AI)
9. A bag contains 3 black, 4 red and 2 green balls. If three balls are drawn simultaneously at
random, then the probability that the balls are of different colours is ————–.(2020)
10. An unbiased coin is tossed 4 times. Find the probability of getting at least one head.(2020)
11. A problem is given to three students whose probabilities of solving it are 13 , 14 and 61
respectively. If the events of solving the problem are independent, find the probability
that at least one of them solves it. (2020)

32
 12. A black die and a red die are rolled together. Find the conditional probability of obtaining
a sum greater than 9 given that the black die resulted in a 5. (2020)

Two Marks Questions

1. A pair of dice is thrown. It is given that the sum of numbers appearing on both dice is
an even number. Find the probability that the number appearing on at least one die is 3.
(2022-AI)

2. Probabilities of A and B solving a specific problem are 23 and 53 respectively. If both of

them try independently to solve the problem, then find the probability that the problem is
solved. (2022-AI)

3. The probability of finding a green signal on a busy crossing X is 30%. What is the prob-
ability of finding a green signal on X on two consecutive days out of three? (2020-AI)

4. A purse contains 3 silver and 6 copper coins and a second purse contains 4 silver and 3
copper coins. If a coin is drawn at random from one of the two purses, find the probability
that it is a silver coin. (2020)

5. A fair dice is thrown two times. Find the probability distribution of the number of sixes.
Also determine the mean of the number of sixes. (2020)

6. A and B throw a pair of dice alternately till one of them gets the sum of the numbers as
multiples of 6 and wins the game. If A starts first, find the probability of B winning the
game. (2020)

7. Three distinct numbers are chosen randomly from the first 50 natural numbers. Find the
probability that all the three numbers are divisible by both 2 and 3. (2020)

8. A coin is tossed 5 times. What is the probability of getting

(i) 3 heads, (ii) at most 3 heads ? (2019)

9. Find the probability distribution of X, the number of heads in a simultaneous toss of two
coins. (2019)

Four Marks Questions

1. At the start of a cricket match, a coin is tossed and the team winning the toss has the
opportunity to choose to bat or bowl. Such a coin is unbiased with equal probabilities of
getting head and tail. (2022-AI)
Based on the above information, answer te following questions:
a) If such a coin is tossed 2 times, then find the probability distribution of number of tails.
b) Find the probability of getting at least one head in three tosses of such a coin.

2. There are two bags, I and II, Bag I contains 3 red and 5 black balls and Bag II contains
4 red and 3 black balls. One ball is transferred randomly from Bag I to Bag II and then
a ball is drawn randomly from Bag II. If the ball so drawn is found to be black in colour,
then find the probability that the transferred ball is also black. (2020-AI)

3. An urn contains 5 red, 2 white and 3 black balls. Three balls are drawn, one-by-one, at
random without replacement. Find the probability distribution of the number of white
balls. Also, find the mean and the variance of the number of white balls drawn. (2020-AI)

33
 4. bag contains two coins, one biased and the other unbiased. When tossed, the biased coin
has a 60% chance of showing heads. One of the coins is selected at random and on tossing
it shows tails. What is the probability it was an unbiased coin ? (2020)
5. The probability
 distribution of a random variable X, where k is a constant is given below:
 0.1, if x=0
2

kx , if x=1

P (X = x) =

 kx, if x = 2 or3
0, otherwise

Determine
a) the value of k
(b) P (x ≤ 2)
(c) Mean of the variable X. (2020)
6. A coin is biased so that the head is three times as likely to occur as tail. If the coin is
tossed twice, find the probability distribution of number of tails. Hence find the mean of
the number of tails. (2020)
7. Suppose that 5 men out of 100 and 25 women out of 1000 are good orators. Assuming
that there are equal number of men and women, find the probability of choosing a good
orator. (2020)
8. Three rotten apples are mixed with seven fresh apples. Find the probability distribution of
the number of rotten apples, if three apples are drawn one by one with replacement. Find
the mean of the number of rotten apples. (2020)
9. In a shop X, 30 tins of ghee of type A and 40 tins of ghee of type B which look alike, are
kept for sale. While in shop Y, similar 50 tins of ghee of type A and 60 tins of ghee of type
B are there. One tin of ghee is purchased from one of the randomly selected shop and is
found to be of type B. Find the probability that it is purchased from shop Y. (2020)
10. A die is thrown 6 times. If getting an odd number is a success, what is the probability of
(i) 5 successes ? (ii) atmost 5 successes ? (2019)
11. a
Six Marks Questions
1. Find the probability distribution of the random variable X, which denotes the number
of doublets in four throws of a pair of dice. Hence, find the mean of the number of
doublets (X). (2020)
2. A card from a pack of 52 cards is lost. From the remaining cards of the pack, two cards are
drawn randomly one-by-one without replacement and are found to be both kings. Find
the probability of the lost card being a king. (2020)
3. A discrete random variable X has the following probability distribution : (2020)

X 0 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 4c2 3c2 2c2 c2 c 2c
a) Find the value of c.
b) Find the mean of the distribution.
P 2
c) Given xi Pi = 14, find the variance of the distribution.

34
4. A manufacturer has three machine operators A, B and C. The first operator A produces
1% of defective items, whereas the other two operators B and C produces 5% and 7%
defective items respectively. A is on the job for 50% of the time, B on the job 30% of the
time and C on the job for 20% of the time. All the items are put into one stockpile and
then one item is chosen at random from this and is found to be defective. What is the
probability that it was produced by A ? (2019)

5. There are three coins. One is a two-headed coin, another is a biased coin that comes up
heads 75% of the time and the third is an unbiased coin. One of the three coins is chosen
at random and tossed. If it shows heads, what is the probability that it is the two-headed
coin ? (2019)

35