Acknowledgement

I wish to express my deep gratitude and sincere thanks

to the Principal Mr. MANOJ GURAH for his
encouragement and for all the facilities that he has
provided for this project.
I extend my heartiest thanks to my English Teacher
Mr. ASHUTOSH MISHRA , who guided me towards
the successful compeletion of this project. I take this
opportunity to expresss my deep sense of gratitude for
his valuable guidance, constant encouragement,
immense motivation, which has sustained my efforts at
all stages of this project. I would also thank to my
parents for encouraging me during the course of this
project.

SMRATI SINGH
12 sci
 Life history
John Keats was born in Moorgate,
London, on 31 October 1795, to Thomas
and Frances Keats. There is little
evidence of his exact birthplace. He was
the eldest of four surviving
children. Another son was lost in
infancy. Keats believed he was born at
the inn, a birthplace of humble origins,
but there is no evidence to support this.
In the summer of 1803, John was sent
to board at John Clarke's school
in Enfield, close to his grandparents'
house. The small school had a liberal
outlook and a progressive curriculum more
modern than the larger, more prestigious
schools. In the family atmosphere at Clarke's,
Keats developed an interest in classics and
history, which would stay with him throughout
his short life. The young Keats was described
by his friend Edward Holmes as a volatile
character, "always in extremes", given to
indolence and fighting. However, at 13 he
began focusing his energy on reading and
study, winning his first academic prize in
midsummer 1809.
In April 1804, when Keats was eight, his father
died from a skull fracture after falling from
his horse while returning from a visit to Keats
and his brother George at school. Thomas
Keats died intestate.
In March 1810, when Keats was 14, his mother
died of tuberculosis, leaving the children in
their grandmother's custody. She appointed
two guardians, Richard Abbey and John
Sandell, for them. Keats lodged in the attic
above the surgery, at 7 Church Street, until
1813. Cowden Clarke, who remained close to
Keats, called this period "the most placid time
in Keats' life.
 LITERARY WORKS
• MEDICAL TRAINING AND WRITING
POETRY
In October 1815, having finished his five-year
apprenticeship with Hammond, Keats
registered as a medical student at Guy's
Hospital (now part of King's College London)
and began studying there. Within a month, he
was accepted as a dresser at the hospital
assisting surgeons during operations, at this
point, Keats had a genuine desire to become a
doctor. Keats's training took up increasing
amounts of his writing time and he became
increasingly ambivalent about it He had
written his first extant poem, "An Imitation of
Spenser", in 1814, when he was 19. In 1816,
Keats received his apothecary's licence , and
he became surgeon but before the end of the
year he had informed his guardian that he
resolved to be a poet not a surgeon.
 • Publication and literary circles[edit]
Although he continued his work and training
at Guy's, Keats devoted more and more time to
the study of literature, experimenting with
verse forms, particularly the sonnet. In May
1816, Leigh Hunt agreed to publish the sonnet
"O Solitude" in his magazine The Examiner, a
leading liberal magazine of the day. This was
the first appearance of Keats's poetry in
print; Charles Cowden Clarke called it his
friend's red letter day, first proof that Keats'
ambitions were valid. Among his poems of
1816 was To My Brothers. That summer, Keats
went with Clarke to the seaside town
of Margate to write. There he began "Calidore"
and initiated an era of great letter writing. On
returning to London, he took lodgings at 8
Dean Street, Southwark, and braced himself to
study further for membership of the Royal
College of Surgeon.
LITERARY ACHIEVEMENTS

John Keats’s poetic achievement in a span of a

mere six years can only be described as
extraordinary. His three books of poetry
contain some of the greatest masterpieces in
the language, including ‘Ode to a
Nightingale’, ‘The Eve of St. Agnes’, ‘To
Autumn’ and the sonnet ‘Bright Star!’ Keats’s
poetry is now universally admired, but in his
own lifetime the critics greeted it with derision.
Keats’s first published poem, the sonnet ‘To
Solitude’, appeared in The
Examiner newspaper on 5 May 1816; the
following October he met the paper’s editor,
Leigh Hunt,
Keats poetic romance Endymion appeared in
April 1818 and fared little better critically
than the 1817 volume. In spring 1818 Keats
completed his narrative ‘Isabella; or, the Pot
of Basil’, and summer saw him make an epic
walking tour through England’s Lake District
and north into the Highlands of Scotland. He
visited Iona and Fingal’s Cave on Staffa, then
climbed to the summit of Ben Nevis. Bad
weather and poor food took a deadly toll,
however, and Keats returned from Scotland
with a bad sore throat – arguably the first sign
of the illness that would eventually destroy
him. By now his brother George had emigrated
to America, and his youngest brother Tom was
mortally ill with consumption. When he died
on 1 December 1818, Keats moved into lodgings
with his friend Charles Armitage Brown at
Wentworth Place – now Keats House
Hampstead.