ANXIETY

DISORDERS
TEAM 1 (BSP 3-3):
GARDOCE, RECEDE, SALIVIO, SITJAR
 ANXIETY DISORDER

Excessive fear and related behavioral

disturbances.

Most occur frequently in girls than in boys.

Shortness of Breath
Trembling
Racing Heart
Trouble of Sleeping
Sweating
1 Trouble Concentrating
Feeling Weak or Tired
 FEAR VS.
ANXIETY
FEAR
The emotional response to a real
or perceived imminent threat.

ANXIETY
The anticipation of future threat.
2
 PANIC ATTACK
Anxiety disorders as a particular type of fear
response.

SELECTIVE
MUTISM
A consistent failure to speak in social

3 situations.
 PHOBIA

Persistent and unreasonable fears

of a situations

DSM 5 CONTAINS PHOBIA UNDER

ANXIETY DISORDERS

SOCIAL SPECIFIC
AGROPHOBIA
4 PHOBIA PHOBIA
 SPECIFIC PHOBIA

Exposure to the phobic stimulus leads to

an immediate anxiety response.

ASSOCIATIVE S.P. INNATE S.P.

After conditioning to Without previous

previous stimuli exposure

5
 CATEGORIES OF
SPECIFIC PHOBIA
NATURAL SITUATIONAL
ANIMALS ENVIRONMENTS FEARS

dogs, spiders, water, storm,

snake, worm heights
BLOOD-
INJECTION- OTHERS
INJURY
blood test,
6 injections
 SOCIAL ANXIETY
DISORDER

Fear of social settings

Fear they may offend others, embarrassed, negatively evaluated or
humiliated
Fear of rejection or others will not like them.
The individual is fearful or anxious about or avoidant of social
interactions and situations that involve the possibility of being scrutinized.

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 SOCIAL ANXIETY
DISORDER
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
A. Marked fear or anxiety about one or
more social situations in which the individual
is exposed to possible scrutiny by others.
EXAMPLES:
Social Interactions
Being observed
Performing in front of others 12
 SOCIAL ANXIETY
DISORDER
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
B The individual fears that he or she will act in a way or
show anxiety symptoms that will be negatively evaluated
(i.e., will be humiliating or embarrassing: will lead to
rejection or offend others).
Physical Responses
Paruresis, or “shy bladder
syndrome” 13
 SOCIAL ANXIETY
DISORDER
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA

C. The social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety.

D. The social situations are avoided or endured with intense
fear or anxiety.
E. The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the actual threat
posed by the social situation and to the sociocultural context.

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 SOCIAL ANXIETY
DISORDER
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
The fear, anxiety, or avoidance should:
F. Lasting for 6 months or more.
G. Causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
H. Not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance.
I. Not better explained by the symptoms of another mental
disorder. 15
 SPECIFIERS

Performance Only
the fear is restricted to
speaking or performing in
public.

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 PANIC
DISORDER
An individual experiences recurrent unexpected panic attacks
and is persistently concerned or worried about having more
panic attacks or changes his or her behavior in maladaptive
ways because of the panic attacks

Types of Panic Attacks:

1. Cued or Situationally-bound 3. Situationally-Predisposed
2. Uncued 17
 Two characteristic types of panic attacks:
1. Expected 2. Unexpected-

Symptoms: 3. Trembling 6. Chest pain 9. Chills 12. Fear of losing

1. Palpitations 4. Shortness of breath 7. Nausea 10. Paresthesia control
2. Sweating 5. Feelings of choking 8. Dizziness/ 11. Derealization 13. Fear of dying

DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:

A. Recurrent unexpected panic attacks.

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 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:

B. At least one of the attacks has been followed by 1 month (or more) of one or
both of the following:
1. Persistent concern or worry about additional panic attacks or their
consequences
2. Significant maladaptive change in behavior.

C. The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance

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D. The disturbance is not better explained by another mental disorder.
PSYCHOLOGICAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL
TREATMENT FOR
TREATMENT FOR
SOCIAL ANXIETY
PANIC DISORDER
DISORDER

1. Exposure 1. Psychodynamic treatment

2. Social Skills 2. Panic Control Therapy
(PCT)
Training 20
 AGORAPHOBIA
AGORA - Gathering place
PHOBIA - Extreme and irrational fear

-an anxiety disorder characterized by a fear of being in

situations or places from which escape might be difficult or
embarrassing, or where help may not be available in the event
of a panic attack or other anxiety symptoms.

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FACTORS MAY CONTRIBUTE
TO ITS DEVELOPMENT:

Panic disorder
Traumatic experiences
Genetics
Environmental factors

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 DIAGNOSTIC
CRITERIA:
A. Marked fear or anxiety about two (or more) of the following situations:
1.Using public transportation (e.g., automobiles, buses, trains, ships, planes).
2.Being in open spaces (e.g., parking lots, marketplaces, bridges).
3. Being in enclosed places (e.g., shops, theaters, cinemas).
4.Standing in line or being in a crowd.
5.Being outside the home alone.

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 DIAGNOSTIC
CRITERIA:
B. The individual fears or avoids these situations because of thoughts that
escape might be difficult or help might not be available in the event of
developing panic-like symptoms or other incapacitating or embarrassing
symptoms (e.g., fear of falling, fainting, having a heart attack, losing control, or
going crazy).

C. The agoraphobic situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety.

D. The agoraphobic situations are actively avoided, require the presence

of a companion, or are endured with intense fear or anxiety.
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 DIAGNOSTIC
CRITERIA:
E. The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the actual danger posed by
the agoraphobic situations and to the sociocultural context.

F. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is persistent, typically lasting for six

months or more.
G. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance causes significant distress or
impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of
functioning.
H. If another medical condition (e.g., panic disorder, social phobia) is

25
present, the fear, anxiety, or avoidance is clearly excessive.
 TREATMENT
treatment of Agoraphobia typically involves a combination of
psychotherapy, medication, and self-help strategies.

COMMONLY USED TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR

AGORAPHOBIA:

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Exposure Therapy
Self-Help Strategies
Supportive Counseling
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 GENERALIZED ANXIETY
DISORDER

is a chronic and excessive worry and anxiety about

everyday events and activities.

EXCESSIVE - "more than someone else"

PERSISTENT - "doesn't go away"
UNREASONABLE - "shouldn't be worried"

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 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
A. Excessive anxiety present more days than not for 6 months

B. Hard to control anxiety

C. Having a 3 or more of these listed symptoms:

Chronic fatigue
Restlessness
Irritability
Difficulty concentrating
Difficulty sleeping
Muscle tension

D. Impairment in daily life

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 TREATMENT
Psychotherapy
- Cognitive behavior therapy
Medication
- benzodiazepines ( calming)
- Antidepressant (elevate mood)

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 ANXIETY DISORDER DUE TO
ANOTHER MEDICAL
CONDITIONS

The essential feature of anxiety disorder due to another medical

condition is clinically significant
anxiety that is judged to be best explained as a physiological
effect of another medical condition.

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 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
Criteria A- Panic attacks or anxiety is predominant in
the clinical picture.
Criteria B- There is evidence from the history, physical
examination, or laboratory findings that the disturbance
is the direct pathophysiological consequence of another
medical condition.

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 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
Criteria C- The disturbance is not better explained by
another mental disorder.
Criteria D- The disturbance does not occur exclusively
during the course of a delirium.
Criteria E- The disturbance causes clinically significant
distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other
important areas of functioning.

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 PREVALENCE
The prevalence of anxiety disorder due to another medical
condition is unclear. There appears to be an elevated
prevalence of anxiety disorders among individuals with a
variety of medical conditions, including asthma,
hypertension, ulcers, and arthritis. However, this increased
prevalence may be due to reasons other than the anxiety
disorder directly causing the medical condition.

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 DEVELOPMENT AND
COURSE
The development and course of anxiety disorder due to
another medical condition generally follows the course of
the underlying illness. This diagnosis is not meant to
include primary anxiety disorders that arise in the context
of chronic medical illness.

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 TREATMENT
Most of the time, anxiety disorders are treated
effectively with medications. Specific types of
psychotherapy are also useful. Many times, these
treatment approaches
are used together. Without treatment, anxiety disorders
tend to become chronic (Karl, 2013).

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 TREATMENT
When anxiety is caused by another medical issue, treating
the anxiety may need to wait until the underlying medical
problem has been properly addressed.
This depends on the illness and if it poses a threat to life.
Both disorders can frequently be treated at the same time.
Whether this occurs may depend on how the medical
issue is being treated (NIMH, n.d.).

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 OTHER SPECIFIED ANXIETY
DISORDER
The other specified anxiety disorder category is used in
situations in which the clinician chooses to communicate the
specific reason that the presentation does not meet the criteria
for any specific anxiety disorder. This is done by recording
“other specified anxiety disorder” followed by the specific
reason (e.g., “generalized anxiety occurring less often than
more days than not’ ”).

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 UNSPECIFIED ANXIETY
DISORDER
The unspecified anxiety disorder category is used in
situations in which the clinician chooses not to specify the
reason that the criteria are not met for a specific anxiety
disorder and includes presentations in which there is
insufficient information to make a more specific diagnosis
(e.g., in emergency room settings).

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THANK YOU!
 REFERENCES:
AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. (2022). DIAGNOSTIC AND
STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS (5TH ED., TEXT
REV.). HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.1176/APPI.BOOKS.9780890425787