Senior High School

11/12

Disaster Readiness and

Risk Reduction
Quarter 2 - Module 6
Concept of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

Compiler/Contextualizer: VIVIAN E. EMPING

 SECOND QUARTER
Week 6 - Module 6
Concept of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

Content Standard : The learners demonstrate understanding of the

concept of disaster risk reduction, importance of
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and key principles
of DRR.
Performance Standard : The learners are able to develop a community
emergency preparedness plan and community
plan to minimize vulnerability and disaster risk in
the community and avoid or limit adverse impacts
of hazards.
Competency/Code : 1. Discuss the key principles and elements of
DRR; and
2. Recognize the importance of DRR on one’s life.
Learning Outcomes : 1. Create a slogan/ poster on the importance of
DRR in one’s life;
2. List down places in your locality that are prone
to disaster risks and hazards; and
3. Write a communication letter naming disaster-
risk areas to your local barangay officials for
them to attend to.

What I Know

Instructions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer
and write it legibly on your answer sheet.
1. Which of the following is NOT an example of disaster risk reduction continuum?
A. Mitigation B. Prevention C. Early warning D. Recovery
2. Unsound development policies will increase disaster risk and disaster losses.
A. True B. False C. Maybe D. Cannot be determined
3. It is the temporary mass departure of people and property from threatened
locations.
A. Evacuation B. Mitigation C. Prevention D. Relocation
4. Which of the following is not considered as Disaster Management?
A. Preparedness B. Relief C. Recovery D. Adaptation
5. Avoidance of developments and community infrastructure in areas prone to
hazard is an example of ____.
A. Evacuation B. Mitigation C. Recovery D. Risk assessment
6. It is defined as an activities and measures taken in advance to ensure effective
response.
A. Prevention B. Preparedness C. Evacuation D. Relocation
7. This is an action taken after a disaster with a view of restoring infrastructure
and services.
A. Recovery B. Mitigation C. Response D. Preparedness

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8. Which of the following government agencies has the duty to conduct preparedness
drills on earthquake and fire, and to educate students on disaster education as
part of the curriculum?
A. DPWH B. DepEd C. DOST D. NDRRMC
9. What post-disaster continuum was exhibited when the government constructed
houses for people made homeless after the onslaught of typhoon Yolanda?
A. On- going assistance C. Recovery
B. Reconstruction D. Risk Assessment
10. What immediate disaster response reflects the action of the government,
when it announces an Enhanced Community Quarantine status during Covid -
19 Pandemic where ration of foods was distributed to every household?
A. Evacuation C. Immediate assistance
B. Damage and loss assessment D. People’s safety and livelihood continuity
11. To control and minimize the spread of Covid-19, this emergency preparedness
plan is being considered for _____.
A. Contact tracing and management
B. Maintenance Social Health Service
C. Implementation of a home notification system
D. Development of emergency and response mechanism
12. Which of the following key concepts of Disaster Risk Reduction is being shown
when, upon hearing a national broadcast on a possible strong typhoon that
might take a landfall near coastal communities, the LGUs prepared evacuation
centers where families could be temporarily taken in?
A. It is about choices C. It is everyone’s business
B. It is a matter of decision D. It is not an important consideration
13. What one element of Disaster Risk Reduction is being described when the
Government created the Inter Agency Task Force (IATF) which was tasked to
manage, control the spread of the virus, and timely provide information on how
to reduce the risk at the onset of COVID-19?
A. Immediate Disaster Response
B. Disaster Risk Reduction Continuum
C. Basic Disaster Risk Reduction Training
D. Post-Disaster Risk Reduction Continuum
14. All the following are best describing disaster risk reduction EXCEPT __.
A. It is a proactive step towards prevention.
B. It should be an integral part in development process.
C. It is vital for building a more equitable and sustainable future.
D. It is not important to prevent loss of life and material properties
15. Which of the following arranged statements can be key concepts of disaster risk
reduction’s order of preference?
I. It involves only a few selected sectors of society.
II. It aims to reduce damage caused by natural hazards.
III. It must be included in the country’s development plan.
IV. It relates on how people decide and make actions to lessen
vulnerability and be resilient to disasters.
A. I, IV B. I, II, III C. II, III, IV D. II, III

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 Lesson Concept of Disaster
1 Risk Reduction
“We cannot stop natural disaster, but we can arm ourselves with knowledge;
so many lives wouldn’t have to be lost if there was enough disaster preparedness.”
- Petra Nemcova

What I Need to Know

Disaster Risk Reduction is a very important aspect in disaster education. In
this module, the focus was on the different approaches in Disaster Risk Reduction
(DRRR) that would help reduce risks whenever disaster occur. Equipping ourselves
with knowledge, skills, and capacity to respond to emergencies will strengthen our
resilience to disasters.

After
the discussion you are expected to;
• discuss the key concepts, principles and elements of DRR;
• recognize the importance of DRR on one’s life;
• list down places in your locality that are prone to disaster risks and
hazards; and
• write a communication letter naming disaster-risk areas to your local
barangay officials for them to attend to.

What’s In
MY OBSERVATION
Instructions: Identify the good practices on disaster risk reduction done by the
government agencies listed on Column A, and write them on Column B. A sample
is provided as a clue on what to do. Copy and write your answer on your answer
sheet.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
Government Agency/Sectors Good Practices
Department of Education (DepEd)
Local Government Unit (your barangay)
National Disaster Risk Management Council (NDRRMC)
Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
(PHILVOCS)
PAG-ASA
Private Sectors (Telecommunications)
Media

What’s New

LET US COME TO AN AGREEMENT

Instructions: Write T if the statement is correct, and F if the statement is false.
Write your answer on your answer sheet.

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1. Disaster risk reduction usually requires long-term planning across sectors.
2. Analysis and management of the casual factors of disaster will lead to improved
preparedness for adverse events.
3. Exposure may include collective attributes such as social relationships.
4. Disaster risk reduction must be integrated into general national and regional
development strategies.
5. Unsound development policies will decrease disaster risk-and disaster losses.
6. Development can either increase or decrease disaster risk.
7. Response are activities and measures taken in advance to ensure effective
response.
8. The community is the front line of disaster risk management.
9. Relocation is the temporary mass departure of people and property from
threatened locations.
10. Disaster risk reduction should be part all development strategies, including
National Development Strategies (NDS) and Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRS)

What Is It

Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

The concept and practices of reducing disaster risks through systematic
efforts in the analysis and management of casual factors of disasters is called
disaster risk reduction. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) leads to reduced exposures
to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land
and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events according to
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework (NDRRMF).

Key Concepts of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

The following are key concepts of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), as explained by
the Asian Disaster Risk Center (ADRC):
• Disaster risk reduction is a matter of decision – this relates to how people make
choices on how they grow their food, how they build their homes, and what
kind of government they have. Each action and decision made is crucial as to
whether, the people may be vulnerable or resilient to disasters.
• Disaster risk reduction is about choices - this relates to the concepts and
practices of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyze and
reduce the casual factors of disasters.
• Disaster risk reduction is everyone’s business – this includes ways of
disciplines like disaster management, mitigations, and preparedness in which
DRR must be part of sustainable development. Unsound development policies
will increase disaster risk and disaster losses.
Importance of Disaster Risk Reduction
According to the State of Disaster Risk Management’s report in 2008, the
Philippines has about 85 percent of the total number of disasters that struck the
country aggravated by four calamitous floods and landslides. The occurrence
resulted into the increase of death toll. Furthermore, these twin disasters caused
more economic losses due to damage to properties, infrastructure, and agriculture.
In order to achieve safer communities and lessen the vulnerability to disaster,
there is a need to consider disaster risk as an integral part of the development
process. Local chief executives (barangay level) must address the underlying risk
factors of disasters such as unplanned urbanization, ecosystem degradation,
vulnerable livelihood, and other critical issues for public awareness as well.

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Investments of disaster risk management should be taken into considerations and
Disaster Readiness and Risk Management (DRRM) must be mainstreamed into local
and national plans.
Elements of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
1. Disaster Risk Reduction Continuum
• Ongoing development activities – ongoing Disaster Risk Management (DRM)
aspects in different development programs.
• Risk Assessment- diagnostic process to identify the risks that a community
faced.
• Prevention – activities to avoid the adverse impact of hazards
• Mitigation – Structural/non-structural measures undertaken to limit the
adverse impact.
• Preparedness -activities and measures taken in advance to ensure effective
response.
• Early warning – provision of timely and effective information to avoid or
reduce risk.
2. Immediate Disaster Response
• Evacuation – temporary mass departure of people and property from
threatened locations.
• Saving people and livelihood – protection of people and livelihoods during
emergency.
• Immediate assistance – provision of assistance during or immediately after
disaster.
• Assessing damage and loss – information about impact on assets and loss
to production.
3. Post Disaster to Continuum
• Ongoing assistance – continued assistance until a certain level of recovery.
• Recovery – actions taken after a disaster with a view to restoring
infrastructure and services.
• Reconstruction-actions taken after a disaster to ensure
resettlement/relocation.
• Economic and social recovery – measures taken to normalize the economy
and societal living.
• Risk assessment – diagnostic process to identify new risks that
communities may again face.

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 Disaster Risk Management

Disaster Risk Reduction Disaster Management

Prevention Mitigation Adaptation Preparedness Relief Recovery

Diagram 1: Disaster Risk Reduction Management and its Components

What’s More
How my family react in the present pandemic
Instructions: Write at least two or three activities in response to each element of
disaster risk reduction on Column A, cognizant of the fact that you and your family
do these in the time of pandemic. Copy the table below and write your answer on
your answer sheet.
Element of Disaster Risk Activities done by your family
Disaster risk reduction continuum

Immediate Disaster response

Post Disaster to continuum

What I Have Learned

MY POINT OF VIEW!
Instructions: Based on your observations on lives lost, crops devastated, and
infrastructures destroyed for lack of preparedness each time disasters strike, write
your views in sentence form on the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction. Use a
separate sheet of paper for your answer.

1.Your own personal point of view...

2. From the country’s point of view….

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 What I Can Do

DRAFTING COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESS PLAN

Instructions: Draft a suggested activity/ies for community emergency preparedness
plan which you think could minimize your community’s vulnerability to Covid-19
Pandemic. Copy the table below and write on your answer sheet your suggested
activities on the column provided for.
Emergency Preparedness Plan Suggested activities
1. Partner with local resources/stakeholders
2. Educate citizens on individual home
preparedness
3. Implement an emergency notifications
system
4. Establish and communicate evacuation
procedures
5. Infection and prevention Control
6. Emergency and response mechanisms
7. Contract Tracing and Management
8. Maintaining Social Health Services

VOICING THE IMPORTANCE OF DRR

Instructions: Create a slogan emphasizing the importance of Disaster Risk
Reduction. Use a long size bond paper and write your slogan in a landscape format.
Criteria Rating (%)
Relevance to the topic 30 %
Originality 30 %
Creativity 25 %
Impact of the message 15 %
Total - 100 %

Assessment

Instruction: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer
and write it on your answer sheet.

1. Unsound development policies will decrease disaster risk-and disaster losses.

A. True B. False C. Maybe D. Can’t be determined
2. The action taken after every disaster with a view to restoring infrastructure
and services.
A. Recovery B. Mitigation C. Response D. Preparedness
3. Which of the following processes does not belong to the group?
A. Adaptation B. Mitigation C. Preparedness D. Prevention
4.This is a temporary mass departure of people and property from threatened
locations.
A. Evacuation B. Relocation C. Risk assessment D. Recovery

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5. This is defined as the concept and practices of reducing disaster risks through
systematic efforts in the analysis and management of casual factors of disasters.
A. Disaster risk C. Disaster risk reduction
B. Disaster D. Natural disaster
6. Avoidance of developments and community infrastructure in areas prone to
hazard is an example of ____.
A. Risk assessment B. Evacuation C. Recovery D. Mitigation
7. Which of the following is not considered as an underlying risk factor of
disasters?
A. Unplanned urbanization C. Ecosystem degradation
B. Resilient communities D. Vulnerable livelihoods
8. All of the following are immediate disaster responses EXCEPT ___.
A. People’s safety and livelihood continuity C. Evacuation
B. Economic and social recovery D. Immediate assistance
9. Which of the following choices can make a sensible word-pair analogy? Disaster
Risk Reduction Continuum: early warning; Post Disaster to Continuum:
_________.
A. economic and social recovery C. prevention
B. immediate assistance D. mitigation
10. It is a practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyze
and manage the casual factors of disasters.
A. Disaster Risk Reduction C. Community Planning
B. Barangay Disaster Committee D. Urbanization Planning
11.Which of the following post-disaster activities was shown when residents near
the quarry zones were relocated after the Naga Landslide incident?
A. Ongoing assistance C. Recovery
B. Reconstruction D. Risk assessment
12.What post-disaster continuum was exhibited when the government constructed
houses for people made homeless after the onslaught of typhoon Yolanda?
A. On- going assistance C. Recovery
B. Reconstruction D. Risk Assessment
13.What immediate disaster response reflects the action of the government,
when it announces an Enhanced Community Quarantine status during Covid -
19 Pandemic where ration of foods was distributed to every household?
A. Evacuation C. Immediate assistance
B. Damage and loss assessment D. People’s safety and livelihood continuity
14. All of the following are the importance of disaster risk reduction EXCEPT ___.
A. It is an integral part in development process.
B. It is a proactive step towards prevention.
C. It is vital for building a more equitable and sustainable future.
D. It is not important to prevent loss of life and material properties.
15. Which of the following disaster risk reduction concepts is the correct order of
preference?
I. It involves only a few selected sectors of society.
II. It aims to reduce damage caused by natural hazards.
III. It must be included in the country’s development plan.
IV. It relates on how people decide and make actions to lessen their
vulnerability and resiliency to disasters.
A. I, IV B. I, II, III C. II, III, IV D. II, III

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 Additional Activities
IDENTIFYING RISKS AND HAZARDS IN MY LOCALITY
Instructions: Identify at least five (5) places in your community where risks and
hazards can likely happen. List them down on the table below. Copy this table on a
separate sheet of paper where you write your answers.

Nos. Places at Risks in My Community (Sitio/Purok or Barangay)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

MY BARANGAY OFFICIALS, MY HEROES

Introduction to the activity: Death or injury is tragic to all. It is best to be on the
side of caution and preparedness. Your intelligent votes catapulted these officials to
office as your public servants. Remember, to be a leader, is to be a servant first.

Instructions: Write a communication letter addressed to your barangay secretary

who in turn will inform the barangay officials of your concerns as regards the
structures posing danger to lives in your community, the uncollected garbage,
potholed roads, and spaghetti electric wires included. This activity is worth twenty-
five (25) points based on the substance/content of the letter of fifteen points,
organization of thoughts of five (5) points, and the style of writing chosen of five (5)
points. Use a bond paper for this activity.

Congratulations!
You are done with Module 6 and now ready for module 7!

REFERENCES
Online Sources:
- John Twigg. Disaster Risk Reduction. New Edition 2015..https://goodpracticereview.org/wp-
content/uploads/2015/10/GPR-9-web-string-1.pdf.
- Disaster Risk Reduction 20 Examples of Good Practices from Central Asia. ISDR.
https://www.unisdr.org/files/2300_20GoodExamplesofGoodPractice.pdf
Books:
-Calilung, Froilan Cruz. (2016). Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction (for Senior High
School). Books Atbp. Publishing Corp. Mandaluyong City
-Quebral, Villamor S. Ed.D. (2016). Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction. Lorimar
Publishing, Inc. Quezon City

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