KINEMATIC

EQUATIONS
TOIONM
MOTION
SLEPITMDENCA
DISPLACEMENT
YCOTVEIL
VELOCITY
ECNLITRCAAEO
ACCELERATION
STCNANOT
LTOIEYVC
CONSTANT
VELOCITY
KINEMATIC
EQUATIONS
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
▪ introduce and derive the kinematic equations;
▪ calculate the acceleration of the object if it is moving
at a constant rate; and
▪ solve for unknown quantities in equations involving
one-dimensional uniformly accelerated motion.
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CONSTANT ACCELERATION
- can be either a positive or negative constant
rate of change in velocity per unit of time.
- constant acceleration, at a constant rate, speeds
up/slows down constantly, fixed acceleration,
uniform acceleration (note that the term
deceleration is seldom used but is described in the
problem so be careful)
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If the acceleration of the motion is constant, the position is
increasing in different amounts while the velocity is
increasing in equal amounts.
Say a car experiences a constant acceleration of 2m/s2 throughout the
entirety of its motion, observe the table below:
Time Position (x=vt) Velocity (v=at) Acceleration
t=0s 0 0 2m/s2
t=1s 2m 2 m/s 2m/s2
t=2s 8m 4 m/s 2m/s2
t=3s 18m 6 m/s 2m/s2
t=4s 32m 8 m/s 2m/s2
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CONSTANT ACCELERATION

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Kinematic Equations are equations used to solve motion with constant
acceleration.
Kinematic Equations where:
a = constant acceleration (in m/s2)
t = time (in s)
vf = final velocity (in m/s)
vi = initial velocity (in m/s)
xf = final position (in m)
xi = initial position (in m)

Note:
Δx = xf-xi = change in position/total distance
traveled
Δv = vf-vi = change in velocity
“

TIPS ON SOLVING PROBLEMS

- READ CAREFULLY THE PROBLEM
- IDENTIFY THE GIVENS AND UNKNOWN
- CHECK IF YOU NEED TO CONVERT
- IDENTIFY THE APPROPRIATE EQUATION
- DERIVE THE EQUATION (IF NEEDED)
- SUBSTITUTE AND APPLY THE OPERATIONS
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KINEMATIC EQUATION 1

Derivation of the Equation:

where:
a = constant acceleration (in m/s2)
t = time (in s)
vf = final velocity (in m/s)
vi = initial velocity (in m/s)
KINEMATIC EQUATION 2

where:
xf = final position (in m)
xi = initial position (in m)
Alternate form:
vi = initial velocity (in m/s)
Δx or x = xf-xi = change in position/total distance
t = time (in s)
a = constant acceleration (in m/s2)
KINEMATIC EQUATION 3

where:
vf = final velocity (in m/s)
vi = initial velocity (in m/s)
a = constant acceleration (in m/s2) Alternate form:
xf = final position (in m) Δx or x = xf-xi = change in position/total distance
xi = initial position (in m)
KINEMATIC EQUATION 4

where:
xf = final position (in m)
xi = initial position (in m)
t = time (in s)
vi = initial velocity (in m/s)
vf = final velocity (in m/s)
EXAMPLE
If a moving object reached x=100m in 5 seconds with a constant acceleration of 1m/s2,
what is the initial velocity of the object if it started in x=30m mark?

Given: Formula:
xi = 30 m 1(52 )
xf = 100 m 100 − 30 −
a = 1 m/s2 𝑣𝑖 = 2
t = 5s 5
Asked: Derived Formula:
vi = ? 𝑣𝑖 =11.5 m/s
𝑎𝑡 2
𝑥𝑓 − 𝑥𝑖 − 2
𝑣𝑖 =
𝑡
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EXAMPLE
A bus, traveling at 30 km/hr, speeds up at a constant rate of 3.5 m/s2. What velocity
does it reach 6.8s later?

Given: Convert:
vi = 30 km/hr 𝑘𝑚 1000𝑚 1ℎ𝑟 30,000𝑚 𝑚
a = 3.5 m/s2 30 • • = = 8.33
ℎ𝑟 1𝑘𝑚 3600𝑠 3600𝑠 𝑠
t = 6.8s

Asked: Formula:
vf = ?

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EXAMPLE
A car slows from 22 m/s to 3.0 m/s at a constant rate of 2.1 m/s2. How many seconds
are required before the car is traveling at 3.0 m/s?

Given: Formula:
a = -2.1 m/s2
vi = 22 m/s
vf = 3 m/s

Asked: Derived Formula:

t=?

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EXAMPLE
If a car accelerates from rest at a constant 5.5 m/s2, how long will it need to reach a
velocity of 28 m/s?

Given: Formula:
a = 5.5 m/s2
vi = 0 m/s
vf = 28 m/s

Asked: Derived Formula:

t=?

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EXAMPLE
If a car at 20m accelerates constantly by 8m/s2 with an initial velocity of 10m/s for 5s,
calculate for the final position of the car.

Given: Formula:
vi = 10 m/s
xi = 20 m
a = 8m/s2
t = 5s
8(52 )
Asked:
𝑥𝑓 = 20 + 10 5 +
2
xf= ?
𝑥𝑓 = 170𝑚
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EXAMPLE
A racecar traveling at 44 m/s slows at a constant rate to a velocity of 22 m/s over 11 s.
How far does it move during this time?

Given: Formula:
vi = 44 m/s
vf = 22 m/s
t = 11 s
Derived Formula:

Asked:
x=?

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EXAMPLE
A bike traveled from x=15m eastward with a constant acceleration of 3m/s2. If the car
started at 1.5m/s, what is its final velocity upon reaching x=30m mark?

Given: Formula:
xi = 15 m
xf = 30 m
a = 3 m/s2
vi = 1.5 m/s Derived Formula:

Asked:
vf= ?

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EXAMPLE
A car accelerates at a constant rate from 15 m/s to 25 m/s while it travels 125 m. How
long does it take to achieve this speed?

Given: Formula:
vi = 15 m/s
vf = 25 m/s
x = 125 m
Derived Formula:

Asked:
t=?

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EXAMPLE
A bus starts from rest to 15m/s with constant a acceleration of 2m/s2.How far did it
move?

Given: Formula:
vi = 0 m/s 152 − 02
vf = 15 m/s 𝑥=
a = 2 m/s2 2(2)

Asked: Derived Formula:

xf-xi = ? 𝑥 = 56.25m
𝑣𝑓 2 − 𝑣𝑖 2
𝑥=
2𝑎
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EXAMPLE
An airplane starts from rest and accelerates at a constant 3.00 m/s2 for 30.0 s before
leaving the ground. How far did it move?

Given: Formula:
vi = 0 m/s
a = 3 m/s2
t = 30.0 s

Asked: Derived Formula:

x=?

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REMEMBER!
EQUATION MISSING
x or xf-xi(displacement)
vf(final velocity
t(time)
a(acceleration)
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