CLIMATE OF INDIA

SOLUTIONS

Q.1.

1. The South West Monsoon winds which are largely responsible for bringing rain in India shed
most of its moisture in the tropical zone which extends between 20* N and 20*S of the equator.

2. Local Winds

i. Kal Baisakhi experienced in West Bengal beneficial for rice and jute cultivation

ii. Bardoli Chheerha experienced in Assam beneficial l for tea cultivation

iii. Mango Showers experienced in Kerala helps in early ripening of mangoes

iv. Cherry Blossoms experienced in Karnataka helps in coffee cultivation.

3. Two roles of the Himalayas

i. It acts as a climatic barrier and does not allow the cold winds from Siberia and Central Asia to
enetering India thus protecting India from becoming a cold desert.

ii. It blocks the moisture bearing South West Monsoon, forcing them to shed their moisture in
India itself making it a fertile land.

4.

Summer Monsoon Winter Monsoon

i. The South West Monsoon winds are The North East Monsoon winds are responsible
responsible for bringing summer for bringing winter monsoon
monsoon

ii. Winds blow from sea to land Winds blow from land to sea
iii. Active between June to September Active between November to December.
 iv. Most parts of the country receive Rain is caused mainly along the Tamil Nadu
rain from these winds. coast.
5. October Heat

October is marked by clear cloudless sky, high temperature and high humidity. This sultry and
oppressive weather condition is known as October Heat.

Q.2.

1. The regions situated in the coastal areas have a moderate climate which means that there
is not much difference in temperatures between summer and winter season due to the
influence of the sea.
Whereas places in the interior experience extreme hot summer and extreme cold winters.
Place lying near the coast receive more rainfall than the places in the interior.

2. In spite of Aravalli ranges present Rajasthan is a desert.

The direction of Aravalli ranges is exactly parallel to the Arabian Sea branch of South West
Monsoon winds, which offer no obstruction due to which the winds cross Rajasthan
bringing no rainfall.
Aravalli ranges are also residual mountains with low elevation.

3. The Coromandel coast is located on the east coast of southern India. This region receives
rainfall from North East Monsoon winds which blow during the winter season.

4. Shimla i9s cooler even during summer season because it is situated at a higher altitude
where the temperature decreases with increase in height. For every 166m rise in height
there is a drop in temperature by 1*C known as the Normal Lapse Rate.

5. Mumbai situated in the coastal areas have a moderate climate which means that there is
not much difference in temperatures between summer and winter season due to the
influence of the sea thus has a low range of temperature
Whereas Delhi present in the interior experience extreme hot summer and extreme cold
winters i.e. continental or extreme type of climate.