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The Chemistry of ALCOHOL and Ether: Prof - DR - Ahmed M - El - Morsy
The Chemistry of ALCOHOL and Ether: Prof - DR - Ahmed M - El - Morsy
Prof.Dr | Ahmed M . El –
Morsy
BOILING POINTS OF ALCOHOLS
Increases with molecular size due to increased van der Waals’ forces.
Mr bp / °C
propane C3H8 44 -42 just van der Waals’ forces
ethanol C2H5OH 46 +78 van der Waals’ forces + hydrogen bonding
BOILING POINTS OF ALCOHOLS
Increases with molecular size due to increased van der Waals’ forces.
M bp / °C
propane C3H8 44 -42 just van der Waals’ forces
ethanol C2H5OH 46 +78 van der Waals’ forces + hydrogen bonding
bp / °C
butan-1-ol CH3CH2CH2CH2OH 118
Greater branching =
butan-2-ol CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3 100
lower inter-molecular forces
2-methylpropane-2-ol (CH3)3COH 83
SOLVENT PROPERTIES OF ALCOHOLS
Solvent
properties Alcohols are themselves very good solvents
They dissolve a large number of organic molecules
Mechanism of Reduction
• The reagent adds the equivalent of hydride to the carbon of C=O and
polarizes the group as well
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SUMMARY : Preparation and REACTIONS of Alcohols
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