Installation and Operation Handbook

VSX-11D
Multi-Format Sync Change Over Unit

June 2006

Revision: C

061768

Delivering the Moment

Publication Information
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VSX-11D
Multi-Format Sync Change Over Unit
Installation and Operation Handbook

TWO-YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY

Videotek, Inc. warrants that this product is free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of two years from the date
of purchase, except for CRTs and LCDs, which are warranted for a period of one year. During this warranty period, Videotek will,
at its option, repair or replace defective products at no charge for the parts or labor. Batteries are not covered in the warranty.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Videotek in the original packing or
its equivalent. The purchaser shall insure the product and prepay shipping charges to Videotek, and Videotek shall insure the
product and pay shipping charges to return the product to the purchaser.
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects or damage resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the
purchaser, connecting the product to incompatible equipment, misuses, operation outside any environmental specification for the
product, improper site preparation or maintenance, or attempts by personnel other than authorized Videotek representatives to
repair or service the product.
No other warranty is expressed or implied. Videotek specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for
a particular purpose. The remedies provided by the foregoing warranty are the purchaser's sole and exclusive remedies.
Videotek shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, whether based on contract, tort,
or otherwise.

Printed June 2006

Item #061768 Rev. C
Copyright © 2004 - 2006 by Videotek, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any form without permission of Videotek, Inc.
This instrument, in whole or in part, may be protected by one or more US or foreign patents or patent applications.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Videotek and the Videotek logo are registered trademarks of Videotek, Inc.

Windows® 95, Windows® 98, and Windows 2000® are registered trademarks of Microsoft, Inc.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft, Inc.
 OPERATOR'S SAFETY SUMMARY

CAUTION — these instructions are for use by qualified personnel only. To reduce
the risk of electric shock, do not perform this installation or any servicing unless you
are qualified to do so. Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel.

To ensure safety:
• The unit should not be exposed to dripping or splashing, and no objects filled with liquids, such as
vases, shall be placed on the unit.
• When the unit is to be permanently cabled, connect the protective ground conductor before making
any other connections.
• Operate built-in units only when they are properly fitted into the system.
• For permanently cabled units without built-in fuses, automatic switches, or similar protective facilities,
the AC supply line must be fitted with fuses rated to the units.
• Before switching on the unit, ensure that the operating voltage set at the unit matches the line
voltage, if appropriate. If a different operating voltage is to be set, use a fuse with the appropriate
rating. Refer to the Installation Instructions.
• Units of Protection Class I with an AC supply cable and plug that can be disconnected must be
operated only from a power socket with protective ground contact:
− Do not use an extension cable—it can render the protective ground connection ineffective.
− Do not intentionally interrupt the protective ground conductor.
− Do not break the protective ground conductor inside or outside the unit or loosen the protective
ground connection; such actions can cause the unit to become electrically hazardous.
• Before opening the unit, isolate it from the AC supply. Then ensure that:
− Adjustments, part replacements, maintenance, and repairs are carried out by qualified personnel
only.
− Safety regulations and rules are observed to prevent accidents.
− Only original parts are used to replace parts relevant to safety (for example, the power on/off
switches, power transformers, and fuses).
• Replaceable fuses can be hazardous when live. Before replacing a fuse, disconnect the AC power
source.
• Use caution when cleaning the equipment; isopropyl alcohol or similar solvents can damage or
remove the labels.
• Observe any additional safety instructions specified in this manual.

These symbols may appear on Videotek equipment:

Explanation of Symbols
Contents
Section 1 ♦ Introduction
Features .................................................................................................................................................1-1

Section 2 ♦ Installation
Inspecting the Shipment .........................................................................................................................2-1
Rack Mounting the VSX-11D .................................................................................................................2-2
Connecting the VSX-11D ..................................................................................................................2-3
DIP-Switch Configurations......................................................................................................................2-6

Section 3 ♦ Operation
Front Panel Controls and Indicators.......................................................................................................3-1
Powering the VSX-11D...........................................................................................................................3-2
Internal Channel Configuration Switches ...............................................................................................3-2
User Defined Switch Positions and Threshold Adjustments .............................................................3-3
Manual and Automatic switch Conditions...............................................................................................3-4
Audible Alert ...........................................................................................................................................3-5
LED Indications ......................................................................................................................................3-6
GPI Operation.........................................................................................................................................3-7
Calibration Interval..................................................................................................................................3-9

Section 4 ♦ Troubleshooting
Problems, Symptoms, Causes, and Solutions .......................................................................................4-1

Appendix A ♦ Specifications
Primary/Backup Inputs .......................................................................................................................... A-1
Power Up Delay..................................................................................................................................... A-1
Reference Detection.............................................................................................................................. A-1
Output .................................................................................................................................................... A-2
LEDs ...................................................................................................................................................... A-2
Front Panel Buttons............................................................................................................................... A-3
GPI......................................................................................................................................................... A-3
Power Requirements ............................................................................................................................. A-3
Mechanical ............................................................................................................................................ A-3
Environmental........................................................................................................................................ A-3
Standard Accessories............................................................................................................................ A-4

Appendix B ♦ Service Support

Appendix C ♦ Pinouts
Appendix D ♦ Glossary

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook i

 Contents

Index

Figures
Figure 1-1. VSX-11D Front and Back Panels ............................................................................................1-1
Figure 2-1. Rack Mounting the VSX-11D...................................................................................................2-2
Figure 2-2. VSX-11D Back Panel Connectors ...........................................................................................2-3
Figure 2-3. Connecting two VSG-204Ds to the VSX-11D .........................................................................2-4
Figure 2-4. Connecting two VSG-405HDs to the VSX-11D.......................................................................2-5
Figure 2-5. Access Panel and DIP Switch Locations.................................................................................2-6
Figure 2-6. Switch Function Label .............................................................................................................2-6
Figure 3-1. VSX-11D Front Panel Controls and Indicators........................................................................3-1
Figure 3-2. User 6 and User 7 Potentiometer Threshold Adjustments.....................................................3-3
Figure 3-3. GPI Connector Pinouts...........................................................................................................3-7
Figure 3-4. Sample Circuit for Pins 3, 4, and 5 .........................................................................................3-8
Figure 3-5. Wiring Required to Conform with SMPTE Fault Reporting Standard 269M...........................3-9
Figure C-1. GPI 9-pin D-sub, Female Connector..................................................................................... C-1

Tables
Table 2-1. Parts Required to Rack Mount the VSX-11D ...........................................................................2-2
Table 2-2. Description of Back Panel Connectors .....................................................................................2-3
Table 2-3. Switch Position Selections for SW1 through SW11..................................................................2-7
Table 2-4. Switch Position Selections for the Configuration Switch (SW12) .............................................2-8
Table 3-1. Description of Front Panel Controls and Indicators ..................................................................3-1
Table 3-2. Factory-Default Channel Configuration Switch Positions .........................................................3-2
Table 3-3. Normal/Override Switching Chart .............................................................................................3-4
Table 3-4. Front Panel LED Indications .....................................................................................................3-6
Table 3-5. Pinouts for the GPI 9-pin, Female, D-sub Connector ...............................................................3-7
Table 4-1. VSX-11D: Problems, Symptoms, Causes, and Solutions ........................................................4-1
Table C-1. Pinouts for the GPI 9-pin D-Sub, Female Connector.............................................................. C-1

ii VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

Section 1 ♦ Introduction
The VSX-11D Multi-Format Sync Change Over Unit automatically or manually selects between
primary and secondary reference sources. The VSX-11D monitors up to a maximum of eleven
channels. Each channel contains a primary input, a backup input, and an output. The VSX-11D
outputs the primary or backup signal as long as the signal is the correct amplitude, as determined
by DIP-switch settings. Fault detection occurs when the input signal is between 2 dB and 5 dB
lower than a nominal level for serial digital video signals and tri-level sync, and between 2 dB
and 4 dB down from nominal for all other pre-set signal types. There are two user-selectable
settings. When any signal fails to meet the criteria established by the DIP-switch settings, all
outputs changeover from the faulted input to the non-faulted signal.

Features
Features of the VSX-11D include:
• Eleven channel connections, each containing 1 primary input, 1 secondary input, and 1
output
• Channels 1 through 11 are used to monitor multiple signal types
• Automatic and manual switching between primary and secondary inputs
• Front panel lock
• Individual channel status displayed for both the primary and backup reference sources
• Simple access to the DIP-switch configuration
• GPI functionality
Figure 1-1 illustrates the front and back panels of the VSX-11D.

Figure 1-1. VSX-11D Front and Back Panels

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 1-1

 Introduction

Blank Page

1-2 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

Section 2 ♦ Installation
This section provides information about inspecting and installing the VSX-11D.

Inspecting the Shipment

Before installing the VSX-11D, inspect the box and the contents. Report any damage to the
shipper, and telephone the Videotek Customer Service Department for service and support (see
Appendix B, “Service Support”).
NOTE: Refer to the enclosed packing sheet for the latest list of items that are supplied with the unit.
The box contains the following:
• The VSX-11D
• The VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook
• Hardware kit, Item Number 045592, for rack mounting the VSX-11D
• Rack mount installation instructions
• One Power Cord
Save the box and packing material for any future shipping requirements.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 2-1

 Installation

Rack Mounting the VSX-11D

NOTE: Before installing the rack mount kit, it is recommended to configure the DIP switches beneath the access
panel (see DIP-Switch Configurations on page 2-6 for the access panel location and configuration).
When selecting the permanent mounting location for the VSX-11D, ensure that the flow of air to
the ventilation holes on the top and sides of the chassis is not obstructed. Rack mounting the
VSX-11D is illustrated in Figure 2-1, and the parts required to rack mount the VSX-11D are
listed in Table 2-1.

Figure 2-1. Rack Mounting the VSX-11D

Table 2-1. Parts Required to Rack Mount the VSX-11D

Key Item Number Quantity Description

1 831030 8 Hardware screw #10-32 x ¾ pan head.
2 831019 4 Hardware nylon washer
3 832076 2 Metal rack extension bracket
4 831060 4 Hardware knut #10-32

Rack-extension mounting brackets are mounted to the back of the rack cabinet. Once in place,
guides on the unit will slide in and out of the rack extensions for easy installation, removal, and
access panel utilization.

2-2 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Installation

Connecting the VSX-11D

The back panel connectors are illustrated in Figure 2-2. The function of each connector is
described in Table 2-2.
NOTE: BNC connectors are tightly spaced on the back panel. A BNC cable tool (for example, the Trompeter
RT-1L) should be used to install and remove the cables.

Figure 2-2. VSX-11D Back Panel Connectors

Table 2-2. Description of Back Panel Connectors

Key Item Description

CHANNEL (1 to 11) Indicates the channel that contains a group of BNCs: one Primary BNC, one
1
Output BNC, and one Backup BNC. There are a total of 11 channels.
PRIMARY BNC connector for primary input from the primary signal generator. The
input can be PAL or NTSC black burst, tri-level sync, AES/EBU audio,
2
SD-SDI, or HD-SDI. Other signal types can be detected and used to switch
inputs using the user-settable thresholds.
OUTPUT BNC connector for output of the primary or backup input signal depending
3
upon the conditions set in the VSX-11D.
BACKUP BNC connector for backup input from the backup signal generator. The
4
backup signal type must be the same as the primary signal type.
5 GPI 9-pin D-sub, female connector for GPI*
6 POWER AC Power Connector.
*See Appendix C, “Pinouts,” for the connections.

Connect two signal generators (i.e. two VSG-204Ds or two VSG-405HDs) to the VSX-11D.
Connect one generator as the primary signal generator. Connect the other generator as the
backup signal generator. Both inputs must be the same signal format for each channel.
Figure 2-3 shows an example of configuring the VSX-11D with two VSG-204 D signal
generators. Figure 2-4 shows an example of configuring the VSX-11D with two VSG-405HD
signal generators.
NOTE: The cable length from the signal generator(s) to the back of the VSX-11D should not exceed 1.5 feet. Set
the DIP switch settings accordingly, as described in DIP-Switch Configurations on page 2-6.
Connect the primary and secondary signal generator to two separate power sources. Upon power
loss, the VSX-11D routes the primary signal to the output connection. For this reason, power the
backup and VSX-11D with the same power source. Power the primary signal generator with a
separate power source if another power source is available. Doing this will prevent signal loss
unless both signal generators lose power.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 2-3

 Installation

Figure 2-3. Connecting two VSG-204Ds to the VSX-11D

2-4 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Installation

Figure 2-4. Connecting two VSG-405HDs to the VSX-11D

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 2-5

 Installation

DIP-Switch Configurations
Beneath the access panel, shown in Figure 2-5, are twelve eight-position DIP switches (SW1 to
SW12). Eleven of the DIP switches are used to configure the eleven channels (one DIP switch
per channel). The twelfth DIP switch is used for system configuration. The label, shown in
Figure 2-6, which can be found beneath the access panel, indicates each switch function.

Figure 2-5. Access Panel and DIP Switch Locations

Figure 2-6. Switch Function Label

2-6 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Installation

To access and utilize DIP switches SW1 to SW12:

1. Using a Phillips screwdriver, loosen and remove the four screws surrounding the access
panel.
2. Remove the access panel.
3. Adjust DIP switches SW1 to SW12.
4. Reattach the access panel.
5. Attach the four screws.
SW1 to SW11 are the internal channel configuration switches. SW1 sets CH 1, SW 2 sets
CH 2 . . . and SW11 sets CH11. These switches select the amplitude comparison level for each
channel. Each comparison level corresponds to a different signal format. These threshold levels
are set so that fault detection occurs when the input signal is between 2 dB and 5 dB lower than
nominal for serial digital video and tri-level sync, and between 2 dB and 4 dB lower than
nominal for all other pre-set signal types. Only one position from each DIP switch should be
enabled (set to ON). Table 2-3 describes the function of each position for SW1 through SW11.

Table 2-3. Switch Position Selections for SW1 through SW11

Switch Selection
Position
All Off *
Disabled (signal not checked)
1 NTSC Blackburst
2 PAL Blackburst
3 NTSC serial digital video (143 Mb/s) Serial digital video
(270 Mb/s)
4 Tri-level sync**
5 AES/EBU audio
6 User defined #6 (adjustable)
7 User defined #7 (adjustable)
8 Serial digital video (HD-SDI) (1.485 Gb/s)

*NOTE: When all switch positions are off, there will be no channel status LED indication for that channel.
**NOTE: When monitoring Tri-level sync for a 1080p format signal, a user defined switch setting (SW pos 6 and
7) should be used and the threshold adjusted, as described on page 3-3.
The twelfth switch, the configuration switch, uses switches 1 through 3, and 8. The remaining
switches 4 through 7 are reserved for future use. Table 2-4 describes the switch functions.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 2-7

 Installation

Table 2-4. Switch Position Selections for the Configuration Switch (SW12)

Switch Selection
Position
1 Manual Override (allows manual switching to a faulted input
signal)
2 Audible alarm disable
3 GPI disable
4 through 7 Reserved
8 Power up disable

POSITION 1 of the configuration switch can be set to Normal or Override relay operation. For
normal operation, the VSX-11D will not switch to a generator with a faulty signal. When one of
the two generators function properly, the functioning generator is routed to the output. If both
generators contain good or faulty signals simultaneously, manual switching can occur. For
example, if the VSX-11D Configuration switch is set to NORMAL mode, and the backup
generator has a faulty signal, then the VSX-11D will not switch to the backup generator.
In Manual Override mode, the signal can always be manually switched. The default position of
SW12 position 1 is normal.
POSITION 2 of the configuration switch defines the action of the audible alert. Audible Alert
Disable has ON and OFF positions. If the switch is set to the ON position, the audible alert will
not sound under any condition. The default position is OFF. If the Audible Alert Disable is set
to OFF, the audible alert will sound whenever a fault occurs in either the Primary or Backup sync
signals. For more information, see Audible Alert on page 3-5.
POSITION 3 (Remote) of the configuration switch enables and disables GPI control. The OFF
position enables all control via GPI inputs. The ON position disables GPI control and GPI status
indications remain operative. The default position is OFF.
POSITION 8 of the configuration switch disables the Power up delay. For more information on
the power up delay, see Powering the VSX-11D on page 3-2.

2-8 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

Section 3 ♦ Operation
Front Panel Controls and Indicators
The front panel controls and indicators are illustrated in Figure 3-1. Each control and indicator
function is described in Table 3-1.

Figure 3-1. VSX-11D Front Panel Controls and Indicators

Table 3-1. Description of Front Panel Controls and Indicators

Key Item Description

1 POWER LED When illuminated, the Power LED indicates that power is active in the
VSX-11D.
2 PANEL LOCK Press to toggle the front panel LOCK and UNLOCK LEDs.
When the LOCK LED is illuminated, the front panel buttons (except
the PANEL LOCK button) are disabled. The VSX-11D automatically
locks the front panel after one minute of inactivity. This is used to
prevent accidental switching.
When the UNLOCK LED is illuminated, the front panel buttons are
enabled. The VSX-11D can be controlled from the front panel.
NOTE: The front panel must always be unlocked before the front
panel buttons can be utilized. If GPI operation is enabled, the GPI
selections will not require pressing the PANEL LOCK button.
3 AUTO SWITCH Press to toggle between AUTO and MANUAL modes.
When the AUTO LED is illuminated, the VSX-11D automatically
switches to the other generator when an error in one signal occurs.
The VSX-11D will not switch to the previous signal generator until
the RESET button is pressed.
When the MANUAL LED is illuminated, the VSX-11D will not
automatically switch to the other signal generator. Switch the output
to the primary or secondary signal generator by pressing the SYNC
SOURCE button.
4 SYNC SOURCE* Press to toggle between the Primary and Backup signal generators
when in MANUAL mode.
When the PRIMARY LED is illuminated, the primary signal
generator is output from the VSX-11D.
When the BACK UP LED is illuminated, the backup signal generator
is output from the VSX-11D.
NOTE: When faults are detected in one generator, and SW12 position 1 is set to OFF, manual switching to the
faulty generator will not occur.
(Table continues on next page)

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 3-1

 Operation

Figure 3-1. Description of Front Panel Controls and Indicators (continued)

Key Item Description

5 RESET Press the RESET button to clear the error indications and return the
output signal to the primary source if there is no fault in the signal.
Press the RESET button to control the alert tone. This
acknowledges the existing alarms. For more information, see
Audible Alert on page 3-5.
6 CHANNEL Indicates the status for both the primary and backup inputs of each
STATUS channel. When an error occurs, the LED changes from green to red.
The LEDs are off when the input is not being checked (the Dip Switch
SW1 to SW11 is OFF).

Powering the VSX-11D

NOTE: The Power up delay can be disabled by setting SW12 position 8 to ON.
Supply power to the VSX-11D by connecting the power to the same power source as the backup
signal generator. The other end of the power cable is connected to the back of the VSX-11D.
When power is applied to the unit, the POWER LED will illuminate. During the start-up
sequence, the LOCK, UNLOCK, AUTO, and PRIMARY LEDs are illuminated. Also, the
MANUAL LED from the Auto switch group slowly blinks to indicate a disabled front panel.
The Channel Status LEDs are off.

Internal Channel Configuration Switches

Eleven of the DIP switches are used to configure the eleven channels (one DIP switch per
channel). Switches SW1 through SW11 select the signal type that is monitored on a channel by
setting the amplitude comparison level. Only one position per switch (channel) should be
enabled. The default settings of the channel configuration switches SW1 through SW11 are
described in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2. Factory-Default Channel Configuration Switch Positions

Output # Switch Position Type of Signal Attached

1 SW1
2 SW2
3 SW3
4 SW4
5 SW5
6 SW6
7 SW7
8 SW8
9 SW9
10 SW10
11 SW11
*NOTE: VSX-11P (PAL Version) has channels 1 through 6 set to position 2 (Blackburst for PAL) instead of NTSC.
1 or 2* Blackburst: 1 for NTSC/2 for PAL
1 or 2* Blackburst: 1 for NTSC/2 for PAL
1 or 2* Blackburst: 1 for NTSC/2 for PAL
1 or 2* Blackburst: 1 for NTSC/2 for PAL
1 or 2* Blackburst: 1 for NTSC/2 for PAL
1 or 2* Blackburst: 1 for NTSC/2 for PAL
3 Serial Digital Video (Component)
3 Serial Digital Video (Component)
3 Serial Digital Video (Component)
5 AES/EBU
5 AES/EBU

3-2 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Operation

User Defined Switch Positions and Threshold Adjustments

The User-defined switch positions (position 6 and 7) are used to trigger levels other than the
predefined levels. The User-defined switch threshold levels are adjusted by turning the screw on
USER 6 and USER 7 potentiometer, as shown in Figure 3-2. Turn the screw until the
appropriate channel LED in the CHANNEL STATUS LED group changes from green to red.
If all dip-switch position are set to OFF for a channel, the front panel status light for that channel
will not illuminate. However, the channel will still switch when a fault is detected in an active
channel.

Figure 3-2. User 6 and User 7 Potentiometer Threshold Adjustments

An example of how to set the appropriate threshold for signal levels other than the predefined
levels is indicated below:
NOTE: This example shows how to set the threshold for DIP switch SW1 through SW11 position 6 by adjusting
potentiometer USER 6. The same example can be used to set the threshold for DIP switch SW1 through SW11
position 7 by adjusting potentiometer USER 7.
1. Obtain a signal source that outputs two signals of the same type, format, and level. Also,
obtain a variable attenuator capable of attenuating one of the supplied signals by 0 dB and
3 dB.
NOTE: If different levels of attenuation are necessary, use an attenuator that is capable of attenuating the necessary
signals. Two examples of instruments that can provide signals are the VSG-204D and the VSG-405HD, as shown in
Figure 2-3 on page 2-4 and Figure 2-4 on page 2-5.
2. Connect one signal source directly to the CH 1 BACKUP input of the VSX-11D.
3. Connect the other signal source to the variable attenuator input.
4. Connect the output signal from the Attenuator to the CH 1 PRIMARY input of the
VSX-11D. Remember that the signals from the primary and backup signal sources must be
the same format.
5. Set all switches on DIP switch SW2 to SW11 to the OFF position.
6. Set SW1 position 6 to ON. All other switch positions should be OFF.
7. Set SW12 position 2 to ON. Move all other SW12 positions to OFF.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 3-3

 Operation

8. Unlock the front panel by pressing the PANEL LOCK button. Press the AUTO SWITCH
button until the Manual LED is illuminated.
9. Press the SYNC SOURCE button until the Primary LED is illuminated. The Primary source
is output from the VSX-11D.
10. Press the AUTO SWITCH button until the AUTO LED is illuminated.
11. Fully turn the USER 6 potentiometer counter-clockwise until reaching stop (the trimpot
clicks). This will guarantee that the input signal does not fault.
12. Unlock the front panel. Press the RESET button. Verify that the CH 1 Primary and Backup
LEDs are both green. If both LEDs are not green, the signal cannot be used to detect faults.
13. Set the attenuator to 3 dB or the desired level of attenuation. Verify that the CH 1 Primary
and Backup LEDs are green. If both LEDs are not green, the signal cannot be used to detect
faults at this level of attenuation.
14. Slowly rotate the potentiometer USER 6 clockwise until the CH 1 Primary status LED turns
red and the VSX-11D switches to the backup signal.
15. Unlock the front panel and press the RESET button to verify that the error still occurs. If the
CH 1 Primary status LED turns green, the VSX-11D switches back to the Primary input.
Return to step 14 and repeat until the CH 1 Primary status LED remains red. If the LED
remains red, the threshold level for USER 6 has been successfully set. SW1 through SW11
position 6 have been defined by the USER 6 potentiometer threshold setting.
16. Set SW12 position 2 to OFF.

Manual and Automatic switch Conditions

Table 3-3 is used to determine the action of the automatic and manual switch in all conditions.
All relay switching occurs simultaneously. Pressing the SYNC SOURCE button changes all
channels from the PRIMARY to BACKUP source, or the BACKUP to the PRIMARY source,
depending upon the NORMAL/OVERRIDE SW12 switch selection. The key for Table 3-3 is
indicated after the table.

Table 3-3. Normal/Override Switching Chart

POWER DIP SWITCH SIGNALS AUTO SWITCH

USER PRIMARY BACKUP AUTO MANUAL
CONFIG
(SW12
Position 1)
ON N 0 0 LG S
ON N 0 1 B NS
ON N 1 0 P NS
ON N 1 1 LG S
ON O 0 0 LG S
ON O 0 1 B S
ON O 1 0 P S
ON O 1 1 LG S
OFF X X X P P

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 Operation

The indications in Table 3-3 are:

• ON – Power is applied
• OFF – Power is lost or not applied
• N – Switch SW12 position 1 is set to Normal mode (OFF)
• O – Switch SW12 position 1 is set to Override mode (ON)
• X – N/A
• 0 – Primary or backup signal is in error
• 1 – Primary or backup signal is good
• AUTO – The AUTO SWITCH (switch on error) button is set to AUTO. It can either output
the Primary or Backup.
• MANUAL – The AUTO SWITCH (no switch on error) button is set to MANUAL. It can
either output the Primary or Backup.
• LG – Last good: the switch remains on the last good input.
• B – Backup reference source is the output
• P – Primary reference source is the output
• S – Switch (change the current output signal) when the SYNC SOURCE button is pressed.
• NS – No switch when the SYNC SOURCE button is pressed.

Audible Alert
SW12, position 2, is used to enable or disable the audible alert feature of the VSX-11D. In the
OFF position, the audible alert will begin when a fault occurs in any primary or backup input
signal. The alert continues until the RESET button is pressed. In a quiet environment, the
audible alert can be clearly heard. There is no adjustable volume to the audible alert.
The methods to disable the alert tone are:
• Physically remove the VSX-11D from the rack and access DIP switch SW12 position 2 from
beneath the access panel. Set SW12 position 2 to ON.
• Press the RESET button for less than three seconds to access a five-minute period of silence.
During the five-minute silent period, the following conditions apply:
The audible alert will sound again in five minutes if the existing faults, present when the RESET
button was pressed, still exist and have not cleared.
If a channel faults during the five-minute timeout period, which had not faulted when the RESET
button was pressed, the audible alert will sound immediately.
• Press and hold the RESET button for more than three seconds to clear the audible alert. The
audible alert will not sound until:
The current fault has cleared and a new fault is detected in the same channel
A fault that was not present when the RESET button was pressed occurs

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 3-5

 Operation

LED Indications
LEDs are on the front panel for Power, Panel Lock, Auto Switch, Sync Source, and Channel
Status. The LED indications are described in Table 3-4.

Table 3-4. Front Panel LED Indications

LED LED Indications

Green Power LED LED off: No power to VSX-11D

LED on (illuminates green): Power being supplied to the VSX-11D
Red Lock LED LED off: front panel unlocked
(Panel Lock) LED on (illuminates red): front panel locked

Green Unlock LED LED off: front panel locked

(Panel Lock) LED on (illuminates green): front panel unlocked

Green Auto LED LED off: VSX-11D in manual mode

(Auto Switch) LED on (illuminates green): VSX-11D in automatic mode

Green Manual LED LED off: VSX-11D in automatic mode

(Auto Switch) LED on (illuminates green): VSX-11D in manual mode

Green Sync Source LED off: Backup inputs selected

Primary LED LED on (illuminates green): Primary inputs selected
(Sync Source)

Green Sync Source LED off: Primary inputs selected

Backup LED LED on (illuminates green): Backup inputs selected
(Sync Source)

22 Green/Red Channel LED off: Channel not checked (DIP switch OFF)
Fault LEDs LED on (illuminates green): Channel checked and OK
(Channel Status)
LED on (illuminates red): Channel faulted

3-6 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Operation

GPI Operation
The VSX-11D can be controlled remotely via a GPI back panel connector. Figure 3-3 shows the
GPI connector pinouts, and Table 3-5 describes the pinouts.

Figure 3-3. GPI Connector Pinouts

Table 3-5. Pinouts for the GPI 9-pin, Female, D-sub Connector

Pin Signal
Number
1 Auto switching (Input)
2 Toggle sync source (Input)
3 Indicate primary sync source active (Output)
4 Indicate backup sync source active (Output)
5 Fault alarm (Output)
6 Fault reset (Input)
7* Fault reporting (Normally Open)
8* Fault reporting (Normally Open)
9 Ground
*NOTE: Pins 7 and 8 are two contacts of one relay switch, which is normally open with the relay in the energized state. A power failure or a fault condition will cause the contacts to close.

The pins numbers are described below:

• Pin 1 – When auto switching is low, the automatic switching mode is disabled. The front
panel cannot override this setting. This input should be tied to ground (low) or floating
(high).
• Pin 2 – Toggle Sync Source is the same as the front panel Sync Source button. Low pulses
cause the VSX-11D to toggle between the Primary and Backup output signal. This input
should be tied to ground (low) or floating (high).
• Pin 3 – Configure this pin so when the high level occurs, the Primary signals are the sync
source. This output is used to light an external LED. The output is short-circuit protected
(this pin could be shorted to ground or +24 VDC without damage to the VSX-11D).
Figure 3-4 shows a circuit for output pins 3, 4, and 5 including an example of an external
resistor and LED (R is selected for the desired current flow through the LED).
• Pin 4 – Configure this pin so when a high level occurs, the Backup signals are the sync
source. This output is used to light an external LED. The output is short-circuit protected
(this pin could be shorted to ground or +24 VDC without damage to the VSX-11D).
Figure 3-4 shows a circuit for output pins 3, 4, and 5 including an example of an external
resistor and LED (R is selected for the desired current flow through the LED).

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 3-7

 Operation

• Pin 5 – Configure this pin so that when a high level occurs, it indicates that a Primary or
Backup input signal is in error. The alarm signal is latched and remains high as long as the
error occurs. The alarm signal is unlatched once the error is resolved and the RESET button
is pressed. This output is used to light an external LED. The output is short-circuit protected
(this pin could be shorted to ground or +24 VDC without damage to the VSX-11D).
Figure 3-4 shows a circuit for output pins 3, 4, and 5 including an example of an external
resistor and LED (R is selected for the desired current flow through the LED).

Figure 3-4. Sample Circuit for Pins 3, 4, and 5

• Pin 6 – The Fault Reset pin functions like the front panel RESET button. A low pulse clears
all signal errors only after the error has been resolved. This input should be tied to ground
(low) or floating (high).
• Pin 7 and Pin 8 – A General Purpose interface functions according to a polarity setting
(NORMALLY OPEN, NORMALLY CLOSED). Pins 7 and 8 function as a GPI that reports
faults in the signals. The fault reporting system follows the SMPTE 269M guidelines except
that there is no pulsing and the interface is pins 7 and 8 on the GPI connector instead of a
BNC connector. The connection is usually open. The GPI connection closes during loss of
power to the VSX-11D, during the VSX-11D power-up delay, and when a signal is in error.
When the GPI closes due to a signal error, it remains closed until the error in the signal is
resolved and the RESET button is pressed. In the closed state, the maximum voltage drop
across the closure cannot exceed 2V at 20 mA. When the GPI is open, the leakage is less
than 100 µA from 0 to 5 VDC, and it can handle a maximum of 24 VDC without being
damaged. The sensing device should not supply more than 20 MA of current to the reporting
device. Figure 3-5 shows the wiring required to conform to the SMPTE 269M guidelines.

3-8 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Operation

Figure 3-5. Wiring Required to Conform with SMPTE Fault Reporting Standard 269M

Calibration Interval
Calibration is recommended under any of the following conditions:
• Every 12 months
• After replacement of critical components
• After exposing unit to temperatures outside of the unit’s specified operating or storage
temperature ranges

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 3-9

 Operation

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3-10 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

Section 4 ♦ Troubleshooting
If the VSX-11D does not operate properly, first verify that:
• The VSX-11D is connected to a power source
• All cables are correctly connected to the unit (see Section 2).

Problems, Symptoms, Causes, and Solutions

Table 4-1 summarizes troubleshooting procedures to follow if the VSX-11D is not functioning
properly.
Table 4-1. VSX-11D: Problems, Symptoms, Causes, and Solutions

Problem/Symptom Possible Cause Solution or Explanation

Loss of primary signal or Connection to the BNC is loose
no primary signal detected or not connected
Source not sending signal to
the VSX-11D
RESET button not pressed
when primary signal is not in
error
Loss of backup signal or Connection to the BNC is loose
backup signal not or not connected
detected
Source not sending signal to
the VSX-11D
Power Loss
No power from the Power source not supplying
VSX-11D power
Unit will not switch when Panel Lock activated
the SYNC SOURCE button
is pressed Auto switch is set to AUTO.
One signal is faulted.
Verify cable is firmly connected to the
back panel of the VSX-11D and the
signal source
Replace the cable
Check the signal source
Press the RESET button
Verify cable is firmly connected to the
back panel of the VSX-11D and the
signal source
Replace the cable
Check the signal source
Primary signal is output from VSX-11D
during power Loss
Change the power source. During
power loss, the primary input is the
output for each channel of the
VSX-11D
Press the PANEL LOCK button
Press the AUTO SWITCH button to set
manual mode.
Cannot switch to a faulted input in
normal mode.

If the problem persists after troubleshooting the VSX-11D, see Appendix B, “Service Support,”
for further instructions.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook 4-1

 Troubleshooting

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4-2 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

Appendix A ♦ Specifications

Primary/Backup Inputs
Connector 75Ω BNC connector

Return loss (of selected 30 dB for 0 to 10 MHz

inputs) 15 dB for 10 to 750 MHz
10 dB for 750 MHz to 1.5 GHz

Insertion loss < 0.2 dB for DC to 10 MHz

< 1.6 dB for 10 MHz to 1.5 GHz

Maximum switched voltage +/-5V

Maximum switched current 100 mA

Crosstalk (unselected input to 60 dB for 0 to 10 MHz

output, or channel to channel) 30 dB for 10 MHz to 1.0 GHz
20 dB for 1.0 to 1.5 GHz

Relay switch time 10 mS

Signal-loss to Switch-over 725 mS

delay

Power Up Delay
Delay time 4 minutes

During power-up Default state is held

Channels are not monitored (status indicators are off)
The panel is locked. Both lock and unlock indicators are on.
Manual mode indicator blinks

Reference Detection
Number 9 reference signals detected

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook A-1

 Specifications

Reference Detection (continued)

Type of detected reference
signals
NTSC analog Blackburst (2 to 4 dB down from nominal)
PAL analog Blackburst (2 to 4 dB down from nominal)
ITU-601 270 Mb/s serial digital component video (2 to 5 dB down
from nominal)
NTSC SDI 143 Mb/s (SMPTE 259M) – NTSC serial digital
composite video (2 to 5 dB down from nominal)
Tri-level Sync (SMPTE 274 and 296) (2 to 5 dB down from
nominal) (All formats except 1080p, which is user-defined)
AES/EBU (SMPTE 276M) (2 to 4 dB down from nominal)
User defined #1 (100 to 3600 mV)
User defined #2 (100 to 3600 mV)
HD-SDI 1.485 Gb/s (SMPTE 292M) (2 to 5 dB down from nominal)

Output
Connector 75Ω BNC connector

Return loss 30 dB for 0 to 10 MHz

15 dB for 10 to 750 MHz
10 dB 750 MHz to 1.5 GHz

LEDs
Green Power LED LED off: No power to VSX-11D
LED on (illuminates green): Power being supplied to the VSX-11D

Red Lock LED LED off: front panel unlocked

LED on (illuminates red): front panel locked

Green Unlock LED LED off: front panel locked

LED on (illuminates green): front panel unlocked

Green Manual LED LED off: VSX-11D in automatic mode

LED on (illuminates green): VSX-11D in manual mode

Green Auto LED LED off: VSX-11D in manual mode

LED on (illuminates green): VSX-11D in automatic mode

Green Sync Source Primary LED off: Backup inputs selected

LED LED on (illuminates green): Primary inputs selected

Green Sync Source Backup LED off: Primary inputs selected

LED LED on (illuminates green): Backup inputs selected

22 Green/Red Channel Fault LED off: Channel not checked

LEDs LED on (illuminates green): Channel checked and OK
LED on (illuminates red): Channel faulted

A-2 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Specifications

Front Panel Buttons

Panel Lock Unlocks and Locks front panel

Auto Switch Toggles between Auto Switch and Manual mode

Sync Source Manually switches between Primary and Backup sources

Reset Resets fault condition if fault is cleared

Silences audible alarm for five minutes when pressed for less than
three seconds
Silences Audible Alarm until a new fault is detected when pressed
for more than three seconds

GPI
Connector 9-pin, female, d-sub connector

Input Tied to ground (low) or floating (high)

Output Current 26 mA max* (see Figure 3-4 on page 3-8).

Power Requirements
Input voltage range 90 VAC to 260 VAC

Input voltage frequency 50 Hz to 60 Hz

Power consumption 70VA max

Power loss behavior VSX-11D will switch all outputs to the primary signal sources when
power is lost or the AC input voltage is removed.

Mechanical
Dimensions Height: 1.75" (4.5 cm)
Width: 19.00" (48.3 cm)
Depth: 15.49” (39.3 cm)

Weight 7.04 lbs. (3.19 kg)

Environmental
Operating temperature +0 to +50°C

Storage temperature -40 to +65°C non-operating temperature

Humidity 90% maximum (non-condensing)

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook A-3

 Specifications

Standard Accessories
Standard accessories VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook
Rackmount kit
Power cord and power supply

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

A-4 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

Appendix B ♦ Service Support
For service support, telephone the Customer Service Department at 610-327-2292. If the
problem cannot be resolved over the telephone and the instrument must be shipped to Videotek
for service or repair:
• Obtain a Return Authorization (RA) number from the Videotek Customer Service
Department.
• Attach a tag to the unit with:
− Your company name, address, and telephone number
− The name of the contact person at your company
− The RA number
− The unit serial number
− An explanation of the problem
• To prevent shipping damage, pack the unit the same way Videotek had packed it. If possible,
use the original packing materials in the original shipping container.
• Ship the unit to:
Videotek, Inc.
243 Shoemaker Road
Pottstown, PA 19464-6433
Attn: Service Dept.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook B-1

 Service Support

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B-2 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

Appendix C ♦ Pinouts
Figure C-1. GPI 9-pin D-sub, Female Connector

Table C-1. Pinouts for the GPI 9-pin D-Sub, Female Connector

Pin Signal
Number
1 Auto switching (Input)
2 Toggle sync source (Input)
3 Indicate primary sync source active (Output)
4 Indicate backup sync source active (Output)
5 Fault alarm (Output)
6 Fault reset (Input)
7* Fault reporting (Normally Open)
8* Fault reporting (Normally Open)
9 Ground
*NOTE: Pins 7 and 8 are two contacts of one relay switch, which is normally open with the relay in the energized state. A power failure or a fault condition will cause the contacts to close.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook C-1

 Pinouts

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C-2 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

Appendix D ♦ Glossary
601: An international standard (ITU-R BT.601) for component digital television. It defines the
sampling systems, matrix values, and filter characteristics for digital television.
8VSB: Vestigial sideband modulation with 8 discrete amplitude levels.
16 VSB: Vestigial sideband modulation with 16 discrete amplitude levels.
Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC): The parent organization that
developed, tested, and described the form and function of the US digital television formats.
AES/EBU: A digital audio standard established jointly by the Audio Engineering Society
(AES) and the European Broadcasting Union (EBU).
AGC: Automatic gain control.
Artifacts: Unwanted visible effects in the picture created by disturbances in the transmission or
image processing, such as edge crawl or “hanging dots” in analog pictures or “pixelation” in
digital pictures.
Aspect Ratio: The ratio of horizontal to vertical dimensions. A square has an aspect of 1:1
since the horizontal and vertical measurements are always equal. Current television screen
aspect ratios are 4:3 and 16:9.
Asynchronous Serial Interface (ASI): A transmission method adopted by the DVB, and
called DVB-ASI. The transmission method allows for the transport of varying data payloads in a
constant data stream. The DVB-ASI transport stream rate is 270 Mb/s.
Audio Breakaway: Routing video and accompanying audio in separate signal paths.
Audio-Follow: Routing video and accompanying audio together in the same signal path.
Auto Trans: Automatic transition. The execution of a single wipe or fade from current picture
to another picture by way of an automatic device.
Bandwidth: The range of frequencies used to transmit information such as picture and sound.
Baseband Video: An unmodulated video signal.
Black: Also color black, blackburst. A composite color video signal that has the composite
sync, reference burst, and a black video signal.
Blanking Processor: A circuit that removes sync, burst and blanking from the program video
and then replaces it with sync, burst and blanking from the reference input. The process ensures
constant sync and burst levels on program video.
BNC: Bayonet Neill Concelman.
Border: An electronically-generated picture member that is used in wipes to separate the two
video sources used in the wipe. It is of even thickness and has color produced by the matte
generator.
Broadcast Legal: Encoding video signal parameters to conform to prescribed limits for
broadcast. Encoding rules vary by NTSC, PAL, country, and broadcast facility.
BTSC: Broadcast Television Standards Committee. A US standard for stereo audio encoding
in NTSC broadcast television.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook D-1

 Glossary

CAV: Component Analog Video.

Chrominance: The color portion of a video signal that represents the saturation and hue.
Black, gray and white have no chrominance; color signals have both chrominance and
luminance.
Chrominance/Luminance Delay (C/L Delay): A measurement that indicates the amount to
which chrominance and luminance are aligned with respect to each other. A low C/L delay
figure can minimize the effects of ghosts or color offset on the received picture.
Clipping: The electronic process of shearing off the peaks of either the white or black
excursions of a video signal for limiting purposes. Clipping often is performed prior to
modulation to limit the signal.
CMRR: Common Mode Rejection Ratio.
Color Burst: The portion of a color video signal that contains a short sample of the color
subcarrier. Used as a color synchronization signal to establish a reference for the color
information following it; used by a color monitor to decode the color portion of a video signal.
The color burst acts as both amplitude and phase reference for color hue and intensity. The color
oscillator of a color television receiver is phase locked to the color burst.
Composite Sync: A signal consisting of horizontal sync pulses, vertical sync pulses and
equalizing pulses only.
Composite Video: A single video signal that includes all color video and timing information.
A composite signal includes luminance, chrominance, blanking pulses, sync pulses, and color
burst information.
Crosspoint: An electronic switch, usually controlled by a button on the panel. Control logic
allows for only one crosspoint, for each bus, to be switched "ON" at a time.
D/A: Conversion of digital to analog signals.
DA: Distribution Amplifier.
Data Element: An item of data as represented before encoding and after decoding.
dB: See decibel.
Decoded Stream: The decoded reconstruction of a compressed bit stream.
Decibel (dB): A logarithmic measure of the ratio between two powers, voltages, currents,
sound intensities, etc. Signal-to-noise ratios are expressed in decibels.
Default: A factory preset value or condition.
Demodulator: A receiver, such as for television broadcast, cable, and closed circuit
applications. A TV demodulator receives and processes of f-air or cable RF signals and provides
baseband video and audio outputs.
Differential Gain: A measurement that specifies how much the chrominance gain is affected
by the luminance level. Expressed as a percentage showing the largest amplitude change
between any two levels, it indicates how much color saturation variance occurs when the
luminance level changes.
Differential Phase: A peak-to-peak measurement that specifies the extent to which the
chrominance phase is affected by the luminance level. Expressed in degrees of subcarrier phase,
it indicates how much hue shift occurs with luminance level changes.

D-2 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Glossary

Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB): A specific project office of the European Broadcast
Union. This group has produced a set of digital broadcasting standards.
DSK: Down Stream Key, a keyer that is electronically located after (or “downstream from”) all
other functions of a switcher. The key resulting appears to be on top of all other pictures from
the switcher.
DVB: See Digital Video Broadcasting.
D-VITC: Digital Vertical Interval Time Code. Time code information is stored on specific lines
in the vertical blanking interval of a television signal.
EAV: End of active video in component digital systems.
EBU: European Broadcasting Union.
Editor: A device or system that controls video tape recorders, video switchers, and other related
devices, to electronically splice segments of recorded video into a finished production.
EDH: Error Detection and Handling. A recommended practice defined in SMPTE RP 165. A
system to generate and then detect video data errors in serial digital video systems.
Effects Keyer: A keyer that is electronically located in the mix/wipe generator portion of a
switcher. The resulting key would appear under the down stream key.
EIA Rack Space or Rack Unit: A specific size as designated by the Electronics Industry
Association. The rack unit is 19 inches wide, and is 1.75 inches tall. A device that requires three
(3) EIA rack units is 19 inches wide and 5.25 inches (3x1.75 = 5.25) tall.
Elementary Stream (ES): A generic term for one of the coded video, audio or other variable
length bit streams that are packetized to form MPEG-2 transport streams. Consists of
compressed data from a single source (audio, video, data, etc.). One elementary stream is carried
in a sequence of PES packets with one and only one stream ID.
Embedded Audio: Digital audio information multiplexed onto a serial digital data stream.
Up to sixteen channels can be multiplexed on a single stream of 601 video, minimizing cabling
and routing requirement.
ENG: Electronic News Gathering.
Encoded Clip Softness: In the encoded legalization process, “softness,” as applied to
encoded clips, refers to the processing of the video at the point of the clip. The clips are applied
in YCBCR color space. The clip point is either an immediate limit (no softness) or has a range of
values leading to the clip point, all reduced to smooth the clip point to a less immediate limit
(softness).
Encoded Legalization: Limiting of the luminance and color difference signals such that,
once encoded into a composite video signal, the resultant encoded video does not violate the
maximum or minimum signal levels as defined by the specific encoding rules. NTSC and PAL
video, plus various users of these types of video, have many varied rules for maximum and
minimum encoding limits. Encoded legalization usually calculates first the encoded luminance
value and then the corresponding chroma value to make legalization judgments.
Encoded Video: A combined single video signal that is constructed from either separate RGB
or luminance and two color difference video signals. NTSC, PAL, and SECAM are all examples
of encoded video.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook D-3

 Glossary

Envelope Detection: An RF signal detection technique that does not respond to phase
variations in the carrier signal, enabling measurement of a transmitter’s incidental phase. When
used together with synchronous detection, envelope detection helps isolate either video and/or
RF as the causes of phase distortion.
External Key Input: This is an alternate source for key cut. This is usually a separate external
input to a switcher.
Fade-thru-Black: A two-step process production technique. The first step fades the program
video to black. The second step fades from black to the video selected on the preview bus.
Usually used in major scene transitions.
Fade-to-Black: A production technique that simply fades the program video to black and the
program audio to silent. Used to end programs and to escape from embarrassing pictures or
sounds.
Field: A picture or picture portion produced within one cycle of vertical synchronization. In
interlaced systems, a full picture or frame requires two consecutive fields.
FM Trap: A circuit designed to minimize potential interference from strong FM signals in
receiving equipment, such as a TV demodulator. For example, an FM trap can attenuate signals
between 88-108 MHz to reduce interference on NTSC television channel 6.
Frame: A single full resolution picture as viewed in either a video or a film system. In the case
of interlaced video, two consecutive fields provide all of the information of one frame. In non-
interlaced systems, one cycle of vertical synchronization produces a frame. A 60 Hz interlaced
system, produces 30 frames of video in one second. A 60 Hz progressive (or non-interlaced)
system produces 60 frames of video in one second. Common frame rates are 24 (film) 25, 29.97,
30, 50, 59.94 and 60.
Frame Synchronizer: An electronic device that synchronizes two or more video signals.
Using one input as a reference, it locks a second signal to the reference.
Frame Store: An electronic method of capturing and storing a single frame of video.
Gamma: This term applies to the linearity of the change from black to white. Gamma controls
adjust the gray or 50% point of the video either up or down, with the effect of changing the gray
level of the video.
Gamut: The whole or total of whatever is being addressed. In color space, gamut refers to all
colors that are included in a particularly defined color group, such as 601 gamut.
Genlock (Generator Lock): A method of synchronization involving the generation of a
video signal that is time and phase locked with another signal.
GPI: General Purpose Interface.
Headend: In a cable TV system, the facilities where program sources (satellite, terrestrial,
VTR, local) are received and remodulated for distribution through a cable plant.
High Definition Television (HDTV): High definition television has a resolution of
approximately twice that of conventional television in both the horizontal (H) and vertical (V)
dimensions and a picture aspect ratio (H to V) of 16:9.
High Level: A range of allowed picture parameters defined by the MPEG-2 video coding
specification that corresponds to high definition television.
HRC: Harmonically-Related Carrier.

D-4 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Glossary

Hue: Color tint.

ICPM: Incidental Carrier Phase Modulation. A measurement of picture carrier phase distortion
(affected by the video signal level) that occurs in the transmitter.
IRC: Incrementally-Related Carrier.
I.R.E.: Refers to the Institute of Radio Engineers, and is used as a unit of measurement. In
NTSC television, 1 volt of signal equals 140 IRE units.
Key: An effect in television whereby a selected portion of background video is removed and
replaced with another video.
Key Cut: In a key effect, this is the video that designates the portion of background video,
which is removed.
Key Fill: In a key effect, this video replaces the removed portion of background video. This
may be the same video as the Key Cut video.
Key Invert: In a key effect, this electronic action reverses the polarity of the key cut signal. It
makes black appear as white, and white appear as black.
Key Mask: In a key effect, the key mask uses a wipe pattern from the wipe pattern generator to
restrict the key cut from removing video in a portion of the screen. This action requires the use
of both the wipe pattern generator and the Mask/Preset Size controls.
Key Source: Same as key cut.
Legalization: The modification of serial digital video to conform to analog color space rules,
as required by users.
LCD: Liquid Crystal Display.
LED: Light-Emitting Diode.
LTC: Longitudinal Time Code. A SMPTE time code standard usually recorded onto the linear
audio track of a VTR.
Luminance: The degree of brightness (black and white portion of the video signal) at any
given point in the video image. A video signal is comprised of luminance, chrominance, and
sync. If luminance is high, the picture is bright; if low, the picture is dark. Changing the
chrominance does not affect the brightness of the picture.
Main Level: A range of allowed picture parameters defined by the MPEG-2 video coding
specification with maximum resolution equivalent to standard definition television.
Main Profile: A subset of the syntax of the MPEG-2 video coding specification that is
supported over a large range of applications. Applications include MP@HL (Main Profile at
High Level), and MP@ML (Main Profile at Main Level).
Mask/Preset Size: Uses the wipe pattern generator in the keyer portion of the effects
generator. Used to adjust the size of a preset pattern, or to adjust the size of a mask to block a
portion of the key cut (source) from use in the keyer.
Matte Generator: An internal generator that can make any color, is used for border color, and
can be used for key fill. It is identical to the Color Background Generator, but simply used in
other areas of the switcher.
Mbps: Megabits per second.

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook D-5

 Glossary

mV: Millivolts.
M/E: Mix/Effects System.
MP@HL: Main Profile at High Level.
MP@ML: Main Profile at Main Level.
MPEG: Refers to standards developed by the ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29 WG11, Moving Picture
Experts Group.
MPEG-2: Refers to ISO/IEC standards 13818-1 (Systems), 13818-2 (Video), 13818-3 (Audio),
and 13818-4 (Compliance).
Multi-Level Effects: Applies to any effects generator that can do more than one effect at a
time. Typically, a multi level switcher can produce a Key and a Background transition in the
same effects generator at one time.
Non-Interlaced: Also “progressive scanning.” A system of video scanning where lines of a
picture are transmitted consecutively, such as with VGA monitor displays.
NTSC: National Television Systems Committee. The color television system used in the
United States, Canada, Mexico, and Japan.
Packet: A packet consists of a header followed by a number of contiguous bytes from an
elementary data stream. It is a layer in the system coding syntax.
Packet Identifier (PID): A unique integer value used to associate elementary streams of a
program in a single or multi-program transport stream.
Packetized Elementary Stream (PES): The data structure used to carry elementary stream
data. The packets consist of a header followed by payload data; a stream is a series of packets
that form an elementary stream and have a single stream identification.
PAL: Phase Alternation Line; the standard color television system in many European and other
countries.
PAT: See Program Association Table.
Passive Looping: Video and audio signals routed through components, even if power is
removed. Signals are not amplified or processed, maintaining transparency.
PCR: See Program Clock Reference.
Pedestal Level: An offset used in a video system to separate the active video from the
blanking level by maintaining the black level above the blanking level by a small amount.
PES: See Packetized Elementary Stream.
Pixel: A Picture cell or Picture element representing one sample of picture information, such as
an individual sample of R, G, B, luminance or chrominance.
PMT: See Program Map Table.
Preset: Refers to establishing any condition prior to use on the Program output. Used in
reference to wipe patterns; often interchanged with “Preview.”
Preview: The video output channel used to view the intended Program results prior to the
execution of the next transition.

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 Glossary

PRO Audio: A transmitted audio channel for talent cueing via Interrupt Foldback (IFB) to
ENG vans and remote applications. Some demodulators support PRO audio monitoring.
Program: A transport stream combination of a video stream and one or more audio and data
streams associated with that video stream. In analog terms, “Program” refers to the Base Band
video and audio produced by the final output of a switcher.
Program and System Information Protocol (PSIP): Information sent out as part of an
ATSC transport stream that lists all of the video, audio, data, and program information contained
in the stream. This is the "TV guide" for a given stream.
Program Association Table (PAT): A list of all programs in the ATSC data stream.
Program Clock Reference (PCR): A time reference signal placed in MPEG streams to
coordinate various data streams.
Program Map Table (PMT): A listing of all elementary streams that comprise a complete
(television) program.
Progressive Scanning: Also “non-interlaced”. A system of video scanning whereby lines
of a picture are transmitted consecutively, as with VGA monitor displays.
PSIP: See Program and System Information Protocol.
Push-Push Toggle Switch: An electro-mechanical device which, when pushed, alternates
the condition of the switch. Push once, it's off; push again, it's on.
Quadrature Output: An output in a television demodulator used for measuring Incidental
Carrier Phase Modulation (ICPM) in a transmitter.
QPSK: Quadrature phase shift keying; typically used by satellite downlinks.
QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation; The technique used by cable TV systems (64-QAM
and 256-QAM) to remodulate signals for distribution in a cable plant.
RGB Legalization: Limiting of luminance and color difference video signals such that, once
transcoded into RGB component video signals, the resultant video does not violate the maximum
or minimum signal levels as defined by component video level rules. Typically, the maximum
value for R, G, or B is 700 mV, and the absolute minimum value for any of these signals is
0 mV.
Reclocking: The process of regenerating digital data with a clock recovered from the input
data.
Resolution: A measure of the finest detail that can be seen, or resolved, in a reproduced
image.
RS-422: Recommended Standard number 422. An E.I.A. standard that describes a type of data
interchange. Television products use this standard as its communication format between the
electronics frame and editors, control panel and computers. An RS-422 line may be extended up
to 1,000 feet (304m).
Sampling: Process by which an analog signal is sampled to convert the analog signal to digital.
SAP: Secondary Audio Program; used in television broadcast for second language
broadcasting, simulcasting, and separate audio programming.
Saturation: Color intensity.

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 Glossary

SAW Filter: Surface Acoustic Wave filter.

Segment Error Rate (SER): A calculated average of uncorrected transport stream packets
vs. total packets as accumulated over a designated period.
SER: See Segment Error Rate.
Signal to Noise Ratio—Analog (SNR): A measurement of the noise level in a signal,
expressed in dB (decibels) as a ratio of between the audio or video signal’s maximum peak-to-
peak signal voltage and the measured voltage of noise present when the signal is removed.
Higher SNR figures indicate that any noise introduced by system components is not be perceived
in the picture and sound output signals.
Signal to Noise Ratio—8VSB (SNR): As applies to 8VSB transmissions, this is a calculated
average power of the ideal signal divided by the actual demodulated signal power.
SMPTE: Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers.
SNR: Signal to Noise Ratio.
Standard Definition Television (SDTV): Signifies a digital television system in which the
quality is approximately equivalent to that of NTSC. This equivalent quality may be achieved
from pictures originated at the 4:2:2 level of ITU-R BT.601 and subjected to processing as part
of the bit rate compression. The results should be such that when judged across a representative
sample of program material, subjective equivalence with NTSC is achieved. The displayed
picture may be either the traditional 4:3 or the wide-screen 16:9 aspect ratio.
STL: Studio-transmitter link.
Synchronous Detection: A common detection technique used in television demodulators
that removes quadrature distortion, enabling comparison of transmitter output with video input
signal.
S-Video: Also “Y/C.” Transmits luminance and color portions separately via multiple wires,
thus avoiding the color encoding process and resulting loss of picture quality.
Tally: A system used to light lamps and indicate usage. Most production switchers have an
internal tally system to indicate selected functions, and which selected functions are currently
involved with Program.
Telecine: A device used to convert film to video. Movie film is digitally sampled and
converted to video frame by frame in real-time.
TCXO: Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator.
THD: Total Harmonic Distortion.
Transport Stream—ATSC (TS): Consists of the following: (1) Packets: 188 bytes, fixed
length with descriptive data; (2) Carries several programs; (3) a PID that identifies the type of TS
packet (video, audio, other); and (4) carries descriptive information about the program.
UHF: Ultra High Frequency.
Unity Gain: An electronic term indicating that a signal is neither amplified nor attenuated.
One volt of signal level in results in one volt of signal level out.
Vector Clip: A special encoded clip version that limits only the CB and CR input video signals
and does not affect (nor is it affected by) the luminance component. This color-only clip limits
the maximum vector excursions as viewed in an encoded state and is intended for users who

D-8 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

 Glossary

wish to prevent encoded vectors from ever exceeding the perimeter circle of an encoded vector
display.
VHF: Very High Frequency.
VITC: Vertical Interval Time Code. A method for recording onto videotape the time code
address for each video frame inserted in the vertical interval.
White Balance: An electronic process used to calibrate the picture for accurate color display
in different lighting conditions.
White Level: The brightest part of a video signal, corresponding to approximately 1.0 Volt.
Wipe: A special effect in which two pictures from different video sources are displayed on one
screen. Production switchers and special effects generators provide numerous wipe patterns
varying from simple horizontal and vertical wipes to multi-shaped, multi-colored arrangements.
XGA: High-resolution 1024x768 non-interlaced (progressive) display monitor.
YPBPR: CAV format composed of luminance (Y) and two color difference signals (PB and PR).
Y/C: Also “S-video.” Describes the separation of video signal luminance and chrominance
components.
Zero Carrier Pulse (chopper): In a TV demodulator, removes the carrier in the vertical
interval for a short period, enabling depth of field measurement.

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Blank Page

D-10 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook

Index
Inspect Shipment, 2-1
A
Audible Alert, 3-5 L
LED
B Specifications, A-2
Back Panel LED Indications, 3-6
Connectors, 2-3
M
C Mechanical Specifications, A-3
Calibration Interval, 3-9
Configuration O
DIP Switch, 2-6 Output, 2-3
Connect Specifications, A-2
Back Panel, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5
Customer Service, B-1 P
Panel
D Back of Unit, 1-1
DIP Switch, 2-6 Front of Unit, 1-1
SW1 to SW11, 2-7, 3-2 Pinouts
Adjustments, 3-3 GPI Connector, C-1
SW12, 2-8 RS-232/422 COMM Connector, 3-6,
Audible Alert, 3-5 3-7
Conditions, 3-4, 3-5 Power
Delay, 3-2
E Specifications, A-1
Environmental Specifications, A-3 Off, 3-2
On, 3-2
F Requirement Specifications, A-3

Front Panel, 3-1 R

Controls and indicators, 3-1
Specifications, A-3 RA. See Return Authorization
Rack Mount, 2-2
G Parts, 2-2
Rackmount, 2-1
GPI Reference Detection
Specifications, A-3 Specifications, A-1, A-2
GPI Operation, 3-7, 3-8, 3-9 Return Authorization, B-1

I S
Input Shipment
Backup, 2-3 Returning to Videotek, B-1
Primary, 2-3 Specifications, A-1
Specifications, A-1 Environmental, A-3
Installation, 2-1 Front Panel, A-3

VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook Index-1

 Index

GPI, A-3
LEDs, A-2
Mechanical, A-3
Output, A-2
Power Requirements, A-3
Power Up Delay, A-1
Primary and Backup Inputs, A-1
Reference Detection, A-1, A-2
Standard Accessories, A-4
Standard Accessories, A-4

T
Troubleshooting, 4-1

Item Number 061768 Rev .C

Printed 06/06

Index-2 VSX-11D Installation and Operation Handbook