7 LIVING THINGS AND AIR

7 Living Things and Air

S ECTIONAL E XERCISE
7.1 Air efer to Textbook
p.3–9
Sectional Exercise

A. True or false (5 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. Nitrogen is a reactive gas. F

very unreactive
2. The percentage of oxygen in air is smaller than that of nitrogen. T

3. Helium can be used to fill airships and balloons. T

4. Oxygen can relight a burning splint. F

glowing
Integrated Exercise

5. Noble gases do not have any daily applications as they are very unreactive. F

B. Multiple-choice (5 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Which of the following gases can be found in air?

(1) Argon
(2) Water vapour
(3) Carbon dioxide
Spelling Corner

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3) D

2. Which of the following gases is the second most abundant in air?

A. Nitrogen
B. Water vapour
C. Oxygen
D. Carbon dioxide C

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 Living Things and Air 7

3. The table below shows the major components of air on Mars.

Major component Percentage in air (%)

Carbon dioxide 95.32

Nitrogen 2.7

Oxygen 0.13

Carbon monoxide 0.07

Sectional Exercise
Water vapour 0.03

Other gases 1.75

According to the data, Mars is not suitable for humans to live on because
A. the oxygen content is too low.
B. the nitrogen content is too low.
C. the carbon monoxide content is too low.
D. there are no noble gases on Mars. A

Integrated Exercise
4. Gas X CANNOT relight a glowing splint. Gas X can be
(1) carbon dioxide.
(2) oxygen.
(3) nitrogen.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only C

Spelling Corner
5. Which of the following combinations about the gas and the result of the test for the gas is
INCORRECT?
Gas Result of the test
A. Oxygen It relights a glowing splint.
B. Carbon dioxide It turns limewater from colourless to milky.
C. Carbon dioxide It turns hydrogencarbonate indicator from red to yellow.
D. Water vapour It turns dry cobalt chloride paper from pink to blue. D

Mars 火星
carbon monoxide 一氧化碳
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 7 Living Things and Air

C. Questions (8 marks)
1. When Helena walks out of an air-conditioned shopping mall, her glasses are covered with a
layer of mist.

(a) What substance is the mist? (1 mark)

Water (1m)

(b) Suggest a test for the mist and state the expected
observation. (2 marks)
Sectional Exercise

It turns a piece of (i) dry cobalt chloride paper (1m)

from (ii) blue to pink (1m) .

2. Johnny is given a jar of gas without labels and is asked to identify the gas. He adds a few
drops of hydrogencarbonate indicator to the jar and the colour of the indicator does not
change. He concludes that the gas is oxygen. However, his teacher said that the conclusion
is incorrect.
Integrated Exercise

hydrogencarbonate
indicator
Spelling Corner

(a) Which gas can hydrogencarbonate indicator test for? What will the colour change of
hydrogencarbonate indicator be if the gas is present? (2 marks)
The indicator can test for (i) carbon dioxide (1m) . The indicator will change from
(ii) red to yellow (1m) if the gas is present.

(b) Suggest an appropriate conclusion based on the experimental result. (1 mark)

The gas inside the gas jar is not carbon dioxide. (1m)

(c) Suggest a method for finding whether the gas inside the jar is oxygen or not. (2 marks)
Put a glowing splint into the jar. (1m)

The glowing splint relights if oxygen is present. (1m)

Total Score :   / 18

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 Living Things and Air 7

7.2 Photosynthesis efer to Textbook

p.10–25

A. True or false (5 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. Plants release chemical energy in food by photosynthesis. F

(Plants convert light energy into chemical energy by photosynthesis.)
2. Plants do not carry out photosynthesis in the dark. T

Sectional Exercise
3. Iodine solution turns from blue-black to brown if starch is present. F

4. A variegated leaf can be used to show that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis
to take place. T

5. Farmers are producers in a food chain as they grow crops for us. F
(Producers in a food chain refer to the plants that can make their own food by photosynthesis.)

B. Fill in the blanks (12 marks)

1. A diagram showing how green plants make food by photosynthesis:

Integrated Exercise
(c) Carbon dioxide
from the air
Sun Food stored as
(b) Light energy
(e) starch in leaves
from the Sun
+
(d) Chlorophyll
(f) Oxygen is produced
in leaves
and given out into the air

Spelling Corner
(a) Water from
the soil

2. The oxygen produced during photosynthesis is important for all living things.

3. Before carrying out fair tests to find the necessary factors for photosynthesis, we need to
destarch the plant by placing it in the dark for at least 48 hours.

4. A (a) food chain shows the feeding relationship among living things. The arrows
show the direction of the flow of (b) energy .

5. In a food chain, plants are called (a) producers . Animals that feed on plants or other
animals are called (b) consumers .

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 7 Living Things and Air

C. Multiple-choice (8 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Which of the following is the major product of photosynthesis?

A. Carbon dioxide
B. Water
C. Starch
D. Chlorophyll C
Sectional Exercise

2. Through photosynthesis, plants

A. change light energy to thermal energy.
B. change light energy to chemical energy.
C. change chemical energy to light energy.
D. change chemical energy to thermal energy. B

3. The main function of chlorophyll in green plant cells is

A. to absorb light energy for photosynthesis.
Integrated Exercise

B. to absorb carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.

C. to make the leaves green.
D. to make the air fresher. A

E 4. According to the chemical equation of photosynthesis, which of the following statements

is/are correct?

light energy
absorbed by chlorophyll

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

Spelling Corner

(1) The total number of each kind of atom is the same on both sides of the equation.
(2) Carbon dioxide and water are the reactants.
(3) One molecule of glucose and six molecules of oxygen are formed.
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3) D

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 Living Things and Air 7

5. Which of the following are needed for plants to carry out photosynthesis?
(1) Light
(2) Water
(3) Oxygen
(4) Chlorophyll
(5) Carbon dioxide
A. (1), (2), (4) and (5) only

Sectional Exercise
B. (1), (3), (4) and (5) only
C. (2), (3), (4) and (5) only
D. (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) A

6. Which of the following experiments is/are suitable for finding out whether a plant (which has
been destarched) has carried out photosynthesis?
(1) Test whether the leaf contains any starch.
(2) Test whether the leaf gives out oxygen.
(3) Burn the leaf to test for the energy content.

Integrated Exercise
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only C

E 7. The food chain below shows the feeding relationship among some living things on
a grassland.

Grass Rabbit Wolf Lion Spelling Corner

Which of the following statements about the food chain is correct?

A. Grass is the ultimate source of energy.
B. There is only one producer in this food chain.
C. All living things in this food chain are consumers.
D. Lions feed on wolves, rabbits and grass. B

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 7 Living Things and Air

E 8. Look at the food chain below.

Grass Grasshopper Frog Eagle

Sectional Exercise

In order to support every 1 g of organism mass at one level of a food chain, around 10 g of
organism mass at the previous level is needed. If the mass of the eagle in this food chain is
1.5 kg, what is the mass of the grass needed?
A. 1.5 kg
Eagle – 1.5 kg
B. 15 kg Frog – 15 kg
C. 150 kg Grasshopper – 150 kg
Grass – 1500 kg
D. 1500 kg D
Integrated Exercise

D. Questions (13 marks)

1. The diagrams below show the steps involved in testing for starch in green leaves, but the steps
are not in the correct order.

Q. Soak the leaf in R. Put the leaf in a

alcohol using a
hot water bath.
Spelling Corner
beaker of boiling
water for two minutes. S. Add a few drops of
iodine solution to
the leaf.

P. Soak the leaf

in hot water.
hot water
alcohol iodine solution

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 Living Things and Air 7

(a) Complete the flowchart below to arrange the above steps in the correct order and show
the purpose of each step. (9 marks)

1
Step R (1m)

To kill the leaf cells and destroy the (i) cell membrane (1m) so that
(ii) iodine solution (1m) to be added later can enter the cells.

Sectional Exercise
2
Step Q (1m)

To remove the chlorophyll (1m) of the leaf and make the leaf lighter in colour.

3
Step P (1m)

To remove the alcohol and make the leaf soft (1m) .

Integrated Exercise
4
Step S (1m)

To test the presence of starch (1m) in the leaf.

(b) If starch is present in the leaf, what will the result of the test be? (1 mark)
The iodine solution will change from brown to blue-black. (1m)

Spelling Corner
(c) If starch is present in the leaf, which process is shown to have taken place in the leaf?
(1 mark)
Photosynthesis (1m)

2. State TWO significance of photosynthesis to other living things. (2 marks)

Providing food for living things (1m)

Maintaining the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in Nature (1m)

Total Score :   / 38

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 7 Living Things and Air

7.3 Respiration efer to Textbook

p.26–31

A. True or false (3 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. We do not need energy when we are sleeping. F

2. Respiration involves conversion of energy. T

3. Plants also carry out respiration. T

Sectional Exercise

B. Multiple-choice (4 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Which of the following statements about respiration and burning are correct?
(1) Both processes need oxygen.
(2) Respiration converts chemical energy to thermal energy only.
(3) Respiration occurs within body cells while burning does not.
Integrated Exercise

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3) B

2. Which of the following substances is/are NOT required for respiration?

(1) Water
(2) Oxygen
(3) Food
Spelling Corner

A. (1) only B. (2) only

C. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only A

3. Which of the following word equations correctly represents respiration?

energy released

A. glucose + water carbon dioxide + oxygen

energy released

B. glucose + water carbon dioxide

energy released

C. glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

energy released

D. glucose + oxygen water C

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 Living Things and Air 7

E 4. Study the following chemical equation.

respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O

photosynthesis

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. No raw materials are needed in respiration.

Sectional Exercise
B. The products of respiration are the raw materials of photosynthesis.
C. Photosynthesis and respiration have the same products.
D. Carbon dioxide is the only product in respiration. B

C. Questions (14 marks)

1. Complete the table below to compare photosynthesis and respiration. (14 marks)

Photosynthesis Respiration

Integrated Exercise
What are required? (a) water (1m) (i) glucose (1m)

(b) carbon dioxide (1m) (j) oxygen (1m)

(c) light (1m)

(d) chlorophyll (1m)

What are produced? (e) glucose (1m) (k) carbon dioxide (1m)

(f) oxygen (1m) (l) water (1m)

Spelling Corner
What is the energy (g) light (1m) energy  (m) chemical (1m) energy 
conversion? chemical energy energy in different useful
forms

Where does it take (h) in plants / in animals / (n) in plants / in animals /

(1m)
place? in both plants and animals in both plants and animals (1m)
(Circle the correct answer) (Circle the correct answer)

Total Score :   / 21

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 7 Living Things and Air

7.4 Gas exchange in plants and animals efer to Textbook

p.32–52

A. True or false (5 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. Gas exchange is another term for respiration. F

2. In the daytime, there is a net release of oxygen by plants. T

3. Exhaled air contains no oxygen. (less oxygen, about 16%) F

Sectional Exercise

4. In humans, gas exchange takes place in the nasal cavity. F

air sacs
E 5. Mucus is produced along the airway to help trap dust particles and bacteria entering
the breathing system. T

B. Multiple-choice (9 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Study the set-up below. What happens to the hydrogencarbonate indicator after three hours?
Integrated Exercise

leaf
aluminium
foil

hydrogencarbonate table lamp

indicator
Spelling Corner

A. It turns yellow because the carbon dioxide content becomes higher.

B. It turns yellow because the carbon dioxide content becomes lower.
C. It turns purple because the carbon dioxide content becomes higher.
D. it turns purple because the carbon dioxide content becomes lower. A

2. Which of the following statements about a plant under sunlight

is correct?
A. It carries out respiration only.
B. It carries out photosynthesis only.
C. The rate of respiration is higher than the rate of
photosynthesis.
D. The rate of photosynthesis is higher than the rate of
respiration. D

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 Living Things and Air 7

3. After a class of students has entered a laboratory, what happens to the composition of air in
the laboratory?
Oxygen Carbon dioxide Water vapour
A. Increases Increases Decreases
B. Increases Increases Increases
C. Decreases Decreases Increases
D. Decreases Increases Increases D

Sectional Exercise
Directions: Questions 4 and 5 refer to the experimental set-up below. The soda lime is used for
absorbing the carbon dioxide in air.

to suction pump

bell jar

Integrated Exercise
limewater

rat

soda lime

4. The aim of the investigation is to find out

A. how long the rat can survive in the bell jar.

Spelling Corner
B. whether the rat takes in oxygen.
C. whether the rat gives out oxygen.
D. whether the rat gives out carbon dioxide. D

5. Which of the following would happen if two more rats are put in the bell jar?
A. All the rats would die shortly due to the lack of oxygen.
B. The limewater would turn milky in a shorter time.
C. The limewater would not turn milky.
D. No change B

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 7 Living Things and Air

6. Which of the following statements about gas exchange in humans is/are correct?
(1) Humans have a breathing system for gas exchange.
(2) It is a chemical process that involves the movement of air into and out of our bodies.
(3) It is a process to release chemical energy in food.
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only A
Sectional Exercise

E 7. The diagram below shows an air sac. Which of the following is a correct combination of
gas X and gas Y?

blood to body cells

blood from body cells

Integrated Exercise

gas X
gas Y

Gas X Gas Y
A. Oxygen Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen Oxygen
C. Carbon dioxide Oxygen
D. Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide A
Spelling Corner

8. The diagram on the right shows two types of

cells lining the airway. Which of the following
mucus
combinations of the names of cell P and cell Q is
cell P
correct?
Cell P Cell Q
A. Hairy cell Dust cell
B. Hairy cell Bacterial cell
C. Ciliated cell Mucus-producing cell dust particle
cell Q
D. Ciliated cell Blood cell C

Key:
direction of mucus flow

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 Living Things and Air 7

9. Study the following model. It simulates cigarette smoking. Which of the following about the
colour change of the white cotton wool and the corresponding explanation is correct?

cigarette
to vacuum
pump
white cotton wool

Sectional Exercise
U-tube

Colour change Explanation

A. The cotton wool turns brown Tar is deposited there
B. The cotton wool turns brown Nicotine is deposited there
C. The cotton wool turns black Carbon monoxide is deposited there
D. The cotton wool turns black Carbon is deposited there A

Integrated Exercise
C. Fill in the blanks (7 marks)

E 1. A diagram showing a structure found on the leaf epidermis:

(a) guard cells

chloroplast
(c) vacuole

Spelling Corner
cell wall

(b) stoma
(d) nucleus

2. The pathway of air flowing through the breathing system:

nasal cavity (a) trachea (b) bronchi

(c) air sacs bronchioles

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 7 Living Things and Air

D. Matching (3 marks)
Match the harmful substances in cigarette smoke with their effects to health by writing i, ii, etc. in
the blanks below.

Harmful substance Effect to health

(a) Carbon monoxide (i) Causes lung cancer
(b) Nicotine (ii) Causes addiction
(c) Tar (iii) Reduces the oxygen content in blood
Sectional Exercise

(a) iii   (b) ii   (c) i Each answer (1m)

E. Questions (17 marks)

1. Mrs. Cheung puts a pig’s lung into water.
Integrated Exercise

pig’s lung
water

Briefly explain what happens to the pig’s lung when it is put into the water. (4 marks)

When the pig’s lung is put into water, it (a) floats (1m) (floats/sinks) in the water. It is
Spelling Corner

because the pig’s lung contains lots of (b) air sacs (1m) which are filled with
(c) air (1m) , making the density of the lung (d) lower than water (1m) .

2. Study the following experimental set-up.

cling film
rubber band

wire gauze grasshopper

tripod
beaker

hydrogencarbonate
indicator

cling film 保鮮紙

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 Living Things and Air 7

(a) What happens to the hydrogencarbonate indicator after two hours? (2 marks)

It changes from red (1m) to yellow. (1m)

(b) Briefly explain the result in (a). (1 mark)

The grasshopper gives out carbon dioxide (1m) .

(c) Suggest a control set-up for this experiment. (1 mark)

Use a similar set-up but do not put the grasshopper inside the beaker (1m) .

Sectional Exercise
3. A student sets up an aquarium below. He puts the aquarium near a window. The snail and
EM
ST
freshwater plants rely on each other to live by getting some substances they need from each
other.
lid

water
freshwater plants
glass container

snail

Integrated Exercise
(a) What do the snails need to support life? (2 marks)
They need oxygen (1m) and food. (1m)

(b) Referring to (a), how do the snails get these substances? (3 marks)

Spelling Corner
The snails eat (i) the freshwater plants as food (1m) and obtain the (ii) oxygen (1m)

given out by (iii) the freshwater plants during photosynthesis (1m) .

(c) What substance can the freshwater plants obtain from the snails? (1 mark)
Carbon dioxide (1m)

(d) What will happen to the snails and freshwater plants if the aquarium is kept in the dark
all the time? Briefly explain. (3 marks)
If the aquarium is kept in the dark all the time, (i) the snails and the freshwater

plants will die (1m) . This is because the freshwater plants cannot
(ii) carry out photosynthesis to make food (1m) and cannot (iii) produce oxygen (1m)
for the snails.

Total Score :   / 41

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 7 Living Things and Air

7.5 Balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen in Nature efer to Textbook

p.53–59

A. True or false (3 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. Burning fossil fuels and cutting down trees will increase the amount of greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere. T

2. Global warming causes greenhouse effect. (Enhanced greenhouse effect causes F

Sectional Exercise

global warming.)
3. Global warming will result in climate change. T

B. Fill in the blanks (6 marks)

1. The balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen in Nature is maintained by two processes:
(a) photosynthesis and (b) respiration .

2. Today, many human activities increase the amount of (a) carbon dioxide in the
Integrated Exercise

atmosphere. More (b) heat is trapped in the atmosphere and the average
temperature of the Earth (c) increases . This is known as (d) global warming .

C. Multiple-choice (2 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of global warming?

A. Animals will have more food.
B. Climate change results.
Spelling Corner

C. Flooding occurs more often in some low-lying coastal areas.

D. The ice at the polar regions melts. A

2. Which of the following are ways to slow down global warming?

(1) Have a low-carbon living
(2) Generate electricity using fossil fuels
(3) Travel by public transport instead of private cars
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3) B

Total Score :   / 11

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 Living Things and Air 7

7.6 Air quality efer to Textbook

p.60–65

A. True or false (3 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. Burning fossil fuels gives out a large amount of air pollutants such as sulphur dioxide
and nitrogen oxides. T

Sectional Exercise
2. Suspended particulates can cause respiratory diseases. T

3. AQHI is only based on the measurement of suspended particulates in air. F

B. Questions (6 marks)
1. The photo below shows Hong Kong’s first Citytree, which is located in Wan Chai. It can
absorb and filter fine dust, nitrogen oxides and other air pollutants. It is said to be as effective
as 275 trees in fighting air pollution.

Integrated Exercise
CityTree in Wan Chai

Spelling Corner
(a) Write FOUR common air pollutants. (4 marks)
Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, suspended particulates Each answer (1m)

(b) Write ONE harmful effect of air pollutants on health. (1 mark)

Causes irritation to our breathing system and eyes (1m) / Causes headaches,
fainting and even death (1m) (Or any other reasonable answers)
(c) The CityTree is also installed with new technology which can collect data on air quality.
Suggest ONE advantage of this design. (Hint: You can use the words ‘analyse’ and
‘prediction’ to answer.) (1 mark)

The data can then be analysed and used for providing more accurate air quality prediction. (1m)
(Or any other reasonable answers)

Total Score :   / 9

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 7 Living Things and Air

I NTEGRATED E XERCISE
A. True or false (8 marks)
Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. Oxygen is the most abundant gas in air. F

Nitrogen
2. A glowing splint can be used to test for nitrogen. F

3. We can destarch a plant by keeping it in darkness for at least 48 hours. T

Sectional Exercise

4. Plants carry out both photosynthesis and respiration during daytime. T

5. We can directly obtain the energy from food through gas exchange. F
(We can only obtain the energy from food through respiration.)
E 6. Stomata are tiny pores on leaves for gas exchange. T

7. Air sacs are surrounded by blood capillaries. T

8. Polar bears may lose their habitats due to global warming. T

B. Multiple-choice (11 marks)

Integrated Exercise

Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Which of the following statements about oxygen is INCORRECT?

A. It is colourless.
B. It is produced by plants through photosynthesis.
C. It can turn limewater milky.
D. It has no smell. C

2. Leaves are usually flat and broad. Which of the following is the best explanation?
Spelling Corner

A. This provides a large surface area for absorbing sunlight for photosynthesis.
B. This makes the plant look stronger.
C. This allows the plant to absorb more water from the roots.
D. This increases the rate of respiration of the plant. A

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 Living Things and Air 7

3. Which of the following statements about photosynthesis and respiration is correct?

A. Water plants cannot carry out photosynthesis.
B. Plants absorb heat energy from the Sun to carry out photosynthesis.
C. Plants carry out respiration all the time.
D. Plants give out carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. C

4. A bowl of rice will turn blue-black when iodine solution is added to it. This shows that rice
A. contains mould.

Sectional Exercise
B. stores energy.
C. contains glucose.
D. contains starch. D

Directions: Questions 5 and 6 refer to the description below.

A destarched plant has been put under sunlight for several hours. Then, two leaves, P and Q are
taken from the plant.
P Q

Integrated Exercise
green

a black paper strip covers the leaf

while the plant is put under sunlight

5. The leaves are tested for the presence of starch with iodine solution. Which of the following
shows the results?
P Q Key:
A. blue-black

Spelling Corner
B. brown

C.

D. B

6. Which of the following conclusion(s) can you draw from the above experiment?
(1) Light is necessary for photosynthesis to take place.
(2) Water is necessary for photosynthesis to take place.
(3) Chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis to take place.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only A

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 7 Living Things and Air

7. The steps involved in the test for the presence of starch in a leaf are shown below.
(1) Add iodine solution to the leaf.
(2) Wash the leaf in hot water.
(3) Put the leaf in boiling water.
(4) Put the leaf in hot alcohol.
Which of the following is the correct order of the steps?
A. (2)  (3)  (4)  (1)
B. (3)  (4)  (2)  (1)
Sectional Exercise

C. (3)  (2)  (4)  (1)

D. (1)  (2)  (3)  (4) B

Directions: Questions 8 and 9 refer to the diagram below which shows some living things
in a pond.

Sun

duck
Integrated Exercise

pond fish

snail water plant

8. Which of the following is/are producer(s)?

(1) Water plant
Spelling Corner

(2) Pond fish

(3) Snail
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only A

9. Which of the following is the ultimate energy source for the living things in the pond?
A. The Sun
B. The air
C. The water plant
D. The pond water A

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10. Respiration
A. does not take place in plants.
B. needs carbon dioxide to break down food.
C. takes place at the air sacs to absorb oxygen.
D. takes place in the cells to release the energy from food. D

E 11. Structure X shown in the diagram is found on the leaf epidermis. They are

Sectional Exercise
structure X

Integrated Exercise
A. called stomata which allow gas exchange in plants.
B. called stomata which can be seen with the naked eye.
C. called guard cells which control the opening and closing of the stoma.
D. called guard cells which are always full of water. C

C. Fill in the blanks (5 marks)

1. The table below shows the differences between respiration and breathing in the human
bodies.

Spelling Corner
Respiration Breathing

A process that involves the release of A process of gas exchange – taking air in
(a) energy from breaking down and expelling air out of the body
food

Takes place in (b) body cells Takes place in (c) the lungs

Takes in oxygen for respiration and

Uses the (d) oxygen taken
in during breathing removes the (e) carbon dioxide
formed in respiration

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 7 Living Things and Air

D. Questions (26 marks)

1. Complete the table below to compare the inhaled air and exhaled air. (Circle the correct
answers) (4 marks)

Inhaled air Exhaled air

Oxygen more / less more / less

Carbon dioxide more / less more / less

Sectional Exercise

Water vapour more / less more / less

Temperature higher / lower higher / lower

Each answer (0.5m)

EM
ST
2. In 2014, an English inventor invented a man-made leaf by extracting the green structures
from plant cells and suspending the structures in silk protein. This man-made leaf can carry
out photosynthesis to produce oxygen.
Integrated Exercise

man-made leaves
Spelling Corner

(a) Name the green structures that were extracted from the plant cells. (1 mark)
Chloroplasts (1m)

(b) Besides carbon dioxide, state ONE more condition that is needed for the man-made leaf
to produce oxygen. (1 mark)
Water (1m) / Light (1m)

silk protein 蠶絲蛋白

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 Living Things and Air 7

(c) The inventor used these man-made leaves to design lampshades as shown. State ONE
advantage of such lampshade design. (1 mark)

lampshade
(man-made leaf)

Sectional Exercise
Can produce more oxygen inside the house, making the air fresher (1m) / Can be used as
decoration for the house (1m) (Or any other reasonable answers)

3. John puts the following set-up under sunlight for one day.

Sun

Integrated Exercise
test tube

water added with sodium beaker

hydrogencarbonate

funnel green water plants

(a) After one day, how does the amount of gas in the test tube change? Briefly explain.

Spelling Corner
(3 marks)
The amount of gas (i) increases (1m) . This is because the green water plants
(ii) have carried out photosynthesis (1m) and (iii) a gas is released (1m) .

(b) Suggest a test for the gas collected in the test tube and state the expected result.
(2 marks)

Put a glowing splint near the mouth of the test tube. (1m)

The gas relights the glowing splint. (1m)

(c) Why is sodium hydrogencarbonate added to the water? (2 marks)

To provide more (i) carbon dioxide (1m) for the green water plants to (ii) carry out
photosynthesis (1m) .

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(d) Write down the word equation that summarizes the process of photosynthesis.
(3 marks)
(iii) light
energy absorbed by
(iv) chlorophyll

(i) carbon dioxide

+ (ii) water (v) glucose + (vi) oxygen
Sectional Exercise

Each anwser (0.5m)

John wants to further investigate how light intensity affects the rate of photosynthesis.
He performs the experiment as shown below and the gas pressure inside the boiling tube
is measured.
pressure sensor
data-logger

boiling
tube

beaker computer
Integrated Exercise

water green water

water with sodium plants table lamp
hydrogencarbonate added

(e) What are the independent, dependent and controlled variables of the experiment?
(4 marks)
(i) Light intensity (1m) is the independent variable. John can change this variable by
adjusting the distance (ii) between the table lamp and the boiling tube (1m) .
The gas pressure is the (iii) dependent (1m) variable. One of the
Spelling Corner

(iv) controlled (1m) variables is the water temperature which is kept the same by
putting the boiling tube in a beaker of water.

(f) (i) The experimental results are shown in the table below. Complete the table to show
the change in gas pressure. (2 marks)

Distance between the Initial gas Final gas Change in gas

table lamp and the pressure (kPa) pressure (kPa) pressure (kPa)
boiling tube (cm)

40 100 140 40 (0.5m)

30 140 200 60 (0.5m)

20 200 280 80 (0.5m)

10 280 370 90 (0.5m)

initial 最初的
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(ii) Explain the change in gas pressure inside the boiling tube during the experiment.
(2 marks)
Production of (1) oxygen by the green water plants during photosynthesis (1m)

causes the gas pressure inside the boiling tube to

(2) increase (1m) .

(iii) What conclusion can John draw from the results? (1 mark)

Sectional Exercise
The rate of photosynthesis increases with light intensity. (1m)

Total Score :   / 50

Integrated Exercise
Spelling Corner

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 7 Living Things and Air

S PELLING C ORNER
Look at each group of figures below. Use one key term in science to describe the figures. The
letters forming the missing part of the key term can be found on the right.
1.
E A N
energy I
CO2 out
I T P
S
R
Sectional Exercise

O2 in
R O

Key term: R E S P I R A T I O N

2. C C O
L
H
Integrated Exercise

A B I
T
D E
O R L

Key term: C O B A L T C H L O R I D E PAPER

3.
B R O
Spelling Corner

L
A N
W L
G
G M
A I

Key term: G L O B A L W A R M I N G

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