LINEAR LAW:

1. Arina and Law did an experiment in a lab to study the relationship between potential difference, V,
and current, I, which flow through a nichrome wire. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
Each of them drew their a graph based on the results. Figure 1 and Figure 2 shows Arina’s graph and
Law’s graph respectively.

I (A) 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.55

V (V) 0.3 0.4 0.45 0.6 0.63 0.66 0.8
Table 1

V(V) V(V)
V against I graph V against I graph
1.0 1.0

0.8 x
0.8 x

x x
x x
0.6 x 0.6 x

x x

0.4 x
0.4 x
x x

0.2 0.2

I(A) I(A)
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Figure 1 Figure 2

Whose graph is the line of best fit? Why?

Answer: ..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

2. Draw a line of best fit for each of the following.

a) b)
3. Figure 3 shows a line graph. Answer:

a)

m = ..............

b) y-intercept = .....................

c) equation of the line graph:

Find
a) the gradient of the graph, .....................................................
b) the y-intercept,
c) the equation of the line graph

4. Form equations of each of the line graphs below.

a) b)

c) d)
5. An experiment was conducted to determine the relationship between the elongation, x, of a spring
with mass, m, of a load which was hung at the end of the spring. Table 2 below shows the results
obtained from the experiment.

m (g) 20 40 60 80 100 120

x (cm) 0.65 1.25 1.80 2.40 2.95 3.55

Table 5
a) Plot graph x against m,
b) Draw a line of best fit.

6. By referring to your line graph in question 5,

a) form an equation which relates x and m,
b) find the value of x when the mass = 70 g,
c) find the mass when the elongation of the spring is 1 cm.

7. Figure 7 shows a line graph, y against x. It is given that y relates to x by a linear equation, y = ax + b.
y

(1,4)

(5,2)
x

Figure 7
Find
a) the value of a and of b,
b) the value of x when y = 0

8. The pressure, P, of a type of gas relates to its temperature, T, by a linear equation if its volume and
mass are constants. Table 3 below shows values of P and of T which was obtained through an
experiment.

T(oC) 30 60 90 120 150 180

P ( cm Hg) 92 104 118 128 138 152
Table 8

a) Plot a graph P against T,

b) From the drawn graph, estimate
i) P when the temperature of the gas is the same as the temperature of boiling water,
ii) T when P = 60 cm Hg.
c) Form a linear equation which relates P and T. Thus, calculate the gas pressure when T = 350oC.