UPS AND SMPS

Uninterrupted power supply

An Uninterrupted Power Supply , also
Uninterruptible Power source , UPS or battery/flywheel
backup , is an electrical apparatus that provides emergency
power to a load when the input power source ,typically the
utility mains , fails
Types of UPS

▪ OFF-line UPS
▪ ON-line UPS
 Offline UPS
❖ The mains to battery changeover time or battery to mains
changeover time in offline UPS low as compared to
inventor.
❖ Typically, changeover time in inverters is 500 millisecond
& OFFline UPS has changeover time of 3-8 milliseconds
Block diagram of offline UPS :
 Offline UPS
➢ In a time ,when mains AC is present ,Inverter provides the
output AC is the input mains.
➢ While, Offline UPS has built in Automatic Voltage Regulator
(AVR) TO regulate the output voltage close to 220V AC.

➢ Offline UPSs are normal weight UPSs and are widely used for
domestic computers .
 Online UPS
❖ In this type of UPS, the system always remains on battery , whether
mains AC is present or not.

❖ When mains AC is present , it provides power to DC supply of

inventor section as well as charges the battery simultaneously.

❖ When mains AC is not present , it will run the connected load till the
battery has a recommended dischargeable level.
Block diagram of online UPS :
Advantages of UPS
✓ Protects from uncertain data loss
✓ Emergency power supply
✓ Protects the voltage sensitive devices from bad electricity
✓ Provides surge protection
✓ Maintains the battery life
✓ UPS gives a huge power back in the industries
Disadvantages of UPS

✓ Maintenance cost is quite high

✓ The startup cost is too much high

✓ Commercial uses requires a large number of batteries

 Switch Mode Power Supply

▪ An electrical power supply that incorporates a switching regulator to

convert electrical power efficiently.

▪ It transfers power from a source , to a load , while converting voltage

and current characteristics .

▪ Voltage regulation is achieved by varying the ratio of on-to-off time .

Block diagram of SMPS
1. Input rectifier stage :
It is used to convert an AC input to DC . A SMPS with DC input does not

require this stage. The rectifier produces unregulated DC which is then

passed through the filter circuit.

2. Inverter stage :

The inverter stage converts DC whether directly from the input or from
the rectifier stage described above, to AC by running it through a power
oscillator.
 3.Output transformer:

If the output required is to be isolated from input , the inverted AC is used to

draw the primary windings of a high frequency transformer. This converts the
voltage up or down to the required output.

4 .Output rectifier :

If the DC output is required ,the AC output from the transformer is rectified.

5.Regulation:

Feedback circuit monitors the output voltage and compares it with the
reference voltage.
Applications of SMPS

❑ Machine tool industries

❑ Security systems (closed circuit cameras)

❑ Support supplies with PLC’s

❑ Personal computers

❑ Mobile phone chargers

Advantages of SMPS
• The efficiency is as high as 80 to 90%
• Less heat is generated so less power wastage
• The device is small in size and compact
• The manufacturing cost is reduced
• Provision for providing the required number of voltages
• Provide safety to other components
• The SMPS consists of simple and flexible technologies
Disadvantages of SMPS

• SMPS device is complex

• They produce electromagnetic interference

• They are damaged easily when power fluctuation arises

• They are expensive compared to LPS

• It is not easy to know the function of SMPS

SMPS
THANK YOU…!