ELECTROSTATICS

SOLUTIONS
 Electrostatics
Level - 1

Answers Key
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

(b) (a) (c) (a) (d) (b) (d) (a) (a) (a)

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

(b) (b) (c) (c) (c) (d) (a) (c) (b) (d)

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

(b) (d) (a) (c) (a) (b) (d) (a) (b) (d)

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

(a) (c) (a) (c) (a) (c) (b) (d) (a) (c)

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

(a) (c) (a) (d) (b) (a) (c) (a) (d) (a)

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 Electrostatics
Level - 1

Hints/Solutions

1. (b) Let n electrons be transferred. Q Q Q2

or T  or T  Newton
q 40 (2L )2 160L2
 Charge  ne or n  .
e
Hence angle between strings = 180° and
Mass of electrons transferred
Q2
tension in each string  N.
= n × mass of electron 160L2
qm
 Mass transferred  q1q 2
e 4. (a) Force between charges  .
40r 2
or Mass transferred
Each hexagon side, with vertex at O, forms
7 31
(2  10 )  (9.1 10 ) an equilateral triangle.

19
(1.6  10 ) Forces on –q due to charge +q at positions

or Mass transferred  11.38  1019 kg. 1 and 4 are equal and opposite. They nullify
each other.
1
2. (a) For a dipole, intensity  . Similarly force on –q due to charges +q due
r3
at positions 2 and 5 are equal and opposite.
3
E 1  r2  They nullify each other.
  
E 2  r1 
Obviously net force on –q due to charges
Let the charge be q. placed at positions 1, 2, 4 and 5 is zero.
3 Hence the only unbalanced force is between
E q r 
 1  2 –q and +q at position 3.
E 2q  r1 
q q 9  109 q 2
3 3  Force   or Force  .
F1  r2   2r  8 40L2 L2
or      1 
F2  r1   r1  1
Negative sign means force of attraction.
F
or F2  1 . Initial force F1  F given. 1 qr
8 5. (d) E 
4 0 R 3
or F2  F / 8.
(9  109 )  (6  106 )  (0.05)

3. (c) Due to electrostatic repulsion the similar (0.10)3
(positive) charges will move away from each
 27  105 V/m.
other, to farthest positions, when angle
1 q q q q 
between the two strings will be 180°. 6. (b) E       ......
40  12
2 2
4 2
8 2


O 1 1 1 1 
F F
 (9  109 )q      ......
2 2 4 6
L L 1 2 2 2 
180°
 
Tension in each string = Electrostatic repulsion.  1 
 (9  109 )q  9
  12  10 q N/C.
1
1  
3

 T = force of repulsion
 4
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 Electrostatics
Level - 1

7. (d) The given square forms one of the six faces 1 q ne

14. (c) E  . 
of a cube of side a, at the centre of which a 40 r 2
40r 2

charge q is lying. Er 2
 n .(40 )
q / 0 q e
 Flux   or   .
6 6 0
0.036  (0.1)2 1
 
19
8. (a) Potential inside a hollow charged spherical 1.6  10 (9  109 )
Q 36
conductor is constant being V  .  n  106  2.5  105 N/C .
40R 144

1 q q 1 1 1 q1q 2
9. (a) F   (9  109 )  15. (c) V 
40 r 2
(1000)2 4 0 d

F  9  103 N. 1 (10  106 )(10  106 )

VBC  .
40 (10 / 100)
10. (a) Work done W  q V
VBC  (9  109 )  10 9  9 J.
 10  5V  V  2 volt.
10 C
11. (b) For equilibrium, F1  F2  0 where Similarly VAB  9 J A

10 m 10 m
Force F1 = force on B due to A. VCA  9 J

Force F2 = force on B due to q. V  VAB  VBC  VCA B C

10 C 10 m 10 C
 9  9  9  27 J.
A r B
270
Q Q
r/ 2
q 16. (d) Work done   pE .sin  . d 
90 q
90°
1 Q2 1 Q q E
 0
40 r 2 40 (r / 2)2 270
W  pE  cos 90
q
Q 4q W  pE [cos 270  cos 90]  pE  zero
 0
2
r r2
W  zero
4q Q Q
   4q  Q  q   .
r 2
r 2 4 17. (a) q1  5C  5  106 C, q 2  ?

12. (b) Potential along axis of dipole  r  2 cm  2  102 m

The direction is from –ve to +ve. This
m  9  105 kg
direction is same as that of dipole moment.
q1q 2
1 p 1 F   mg
V  . V  . 40r 2
40 r 2 r2
9  109  5  106 q 2
13. (c) Potential energy of dipole  pE cos   9  105  9.8
2 2
(2  10 )
When   0 , potential energy  pE .
q 2  7.84  10 12 C .
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This is minimum value.

 Electrostatics
Level - 1

18. (c) Here, m  107 kg , q  1.6  1019 C, E  ? AOB  90

To support the water drop,  Net electric field at O

F  qE  mg  E12  E 22  E1 2
mg 107  9.8
E   6.125  1012 NC 1.  7.2 2  104 N/C at 45° to OA .
19
q 1.6  10
23. (a) p  q (2a )  1.6  1019 (4.3  109 )
19. (b) Let the point be at a distance x from 2C
charge  6.88  1028 C-m .

As E1  E 2 q 2p
24. (c) F  qE 
6 6
40r 3
2  10 1 k  8  10 1
 
2 2
x (12  x )
9  109  (1.6  1019 )  2  3.6  10 29
1

2  N
x 12  x (25  109 )3

x  4 cm ;  12 cm. F  6.6  1015 N

x  12 cm is not possible.
25. (a) Here,   30,E  104 NC1;
20. (d) From work energy theorem,
  9  1026 N-m , p  ?
1
F  s  Change in K.E.  mu 2  0
2 As   pE sin 

qE  s 
1
mu 2  9  1026
2  p 
E sin  104 sin30
mu 2
s . p  1.8  1029 C-m .
2qE
26. (b) As work done = charge × potential
21. (b) q1  2  107 C
 W  (200  106 )  10  2  103 J .
q 2  8.5  108 C, r  0.1 m
27. (d) Here, V  ?
9 7
q1  1 9  10  2  10 13.2
E1 
2

2 r  6.6 fermi  6.6  1015 m
40r (0.1) 2

 1.8  105 NC1. q  Ze  79  1.6  1019 C

q2  1 9  109  8.5  108 q 9  109  79  1.6  1019

E2   V  
40r 2 (0.1)2 4 0r 6.6  1015

 7.65  104 NC1 .  1.7  107 volt .

28. (a) Potential Energy of system of charges
5  102
22. (d) OA  OB  OC  OD  m.
2 1
 [q (2q )  2q (4q )  (4q )q ]
40r
(1 108 )  1 9  109
E1  E 2 
(5  102 / 2)2 10q 2 9  109  10(107 )2
 
40 0.1
5

 7.2  104 N/C

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 9  103 J .
 Electrostatics
Level - 1

29. (b) As normal to curved surface area of the Potential at P is

cylinder is at 90° to electric field, 3  108 2  108
V  0
    E .ds   E ds cos 90  zero . 40 ( x  102 ) 40 (15  x )  102
s s
3 2
   0, which gives x = 9 cm.
30. (d) Here, WAB  20 J, q 0  4 C, x 15  x

VA  10 V,VB  V  ? Q P A
3 × 10–8 C x –2 × 10–8 C
W
As VB  VA  AB 15 cm
q0

20 If P lies on extended line OA, the condition

 V  10  5
4 3 2
would be   0, which gives
x x  15
V  5  10  10 V .
x = 45 cm.
31. (a) Here, q  250 C  250  106 C
Hence electric potential is zero at 9 cm
10
r  10 cm  m  101 m,V  ? and 45 cm away from positive charge on the
100
side of negative charge.
q
As V  34. (c) Here, E  10 N/C , dV  ?
4 0r
3
9  109  250  10 6 dr  150 cm  m
 V  2
101
dV
As E  
V  2.25  107 volt . dr
3
32. (c) Using superposition principle, we may write  dV  E dr  (10)   15 volt .
2
electric potential at the origin (x = 0) due to
35. (a) Here, decrease in K.E. = Work done = 10 J.
various charges as
V1  100 volt,V2  200 V, q  ?
1 q q q q 
V   1  2  4  8  .....
40   As work done = charge × potential difference
 10  q (V2  V1)  q (200  100)
1 1 1 1 1 
V       .....
40  1 2 2 2
2 3
 10
q  0.1 C .
100
a
As sum of infinite G.P. series, S  , 36. (c) Imagine a cube of edge a, enclosing the
1 r
charge. The square surface is one of the six
where a is first term and r is common ratio.
faces of this cube. According to Gauss’s
q  1  2q
 V    . theorem in electrostatics, total electric flux
40  (1  1/ 2)  4 0
through the cube  Q / 0 .
33. (a) Let the location of positive charge be taken
 Electric flux through the square surface
as the origin O, and line joining the two
Q
charges as x-axis. Let P be required point,  .
6 0
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where potential is zero. Let OP = x cm.

 Electrostatics
Level - 1

3 ˆ 4 42. (c) Here, q1  4 C, q 2  2 C

37. (b) Here, E  E 0i  E 0 jˆ ;   ?
5 5
Let the potential be zero at a point P, at a
3 4 r1  x 4 C
 E x  E 0 and E y  E 0 distance from charge.
5 5
Therefore, r2  (1  x ) .
3
Where, E 0  2.0  10 N/C
kq1 q2
Potential at P  k 0
A  0.2 m2 parallel to YZ plane normal to r1 r2

the area will be along X-axis. q1 q 2

 
r1 r2
   Ex  A
4 (2)
3 0.6   x  2  2x
 E 0  0.2   2.0  103 x 1 x
5 5
2
3x  2 , x  m.
  240 Nm2 /C . 3

38. (d) Here, l  2.2 m, r  3.6 mm  3.6  103 m 43. (a) Here, q  10 6 C, rA  4iˆ  4 jˆ  2kˆ

q  3.8  107C , E  ? So that rA  42  42  22  6

Linear charge density, rB  1iˆ  2 jˆ  2kˆ,

q 3.8  107
   1.73  107 cm1 So that rB  12  22  22  3
l 2.2

 2 q 1 1
As E   VA  VB    
20r 40r 40  rA rB 

2(1.73  107 )  9  109  1 1

 9  109  10 8     15 V .
 E 6 3
3.6  103

E  8.6  105 N/C . 44. (d) Here, AC  BD  ( 2)2  ( 2)2  2 m .

1 q1 / 0 q1 Q If O is centre of the square, then

39. (a)     1.
2 q 2 /  0 q 2 Q 2
r  OA  OC  OB  OD   1 m.
2
40. (c) As is clear from figure.
q
Potential at O 
AB  BC  AC 4  0r
dV (VC  VA ) VA  VC 9  109 (2  2  3  6)  10 6
As E       2.7  104 volt .
dr d d 1
 VA  VC  Ed . 45. (b) V (x )  4x 2
41. (a) Here, WAB  100 J , q  4 C , dV d
As E    (4 x 2 )  8 x
dx dx
VA  10 V, VB  V  ?
 At x  1m,E  8  1  8NC1
As WAB  q (VB  VA )
Force experienced F  qE  106 (8)
 100  4(V  10)
7

 V  15 volt.  8  106 N .
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 Electrostatics
Level - 1

46. (a) Here, q1  15  106 C, q 2  9  10 6 C 48. (a) Here,   5  106 cm2 , r  0.1 m
  60 ,   ?
r1  18  102 m ; r2  (18  3)10 2 m
  Es cos 
Work done = final P.E. – initial P.E.
   2
  (r )cos 
 1 1
q q q q q q
W  1 2  1 2  1 2     20 
40r2 40r1 40  r2 r1 
5  106 22
   (0.1)2 cos 60
 102 102  2  8.85  1012 7
 9  109  15  10 6  9  10 6   
 15 18 
  4.44  103 Nm2 C1 .
W  1.35 joule . 49. (d) Work done in moving the charge,
W  Fd cos 
47. (c) Here, q1  1 C , q 2  2 C and q 3  3 C
As F  qE
r1  100 cm  1 m
W
 W  qEd cos  or E 
q1 qd cos 
Here, q  0.2 C , d  2 m
  60° , W  4 J
4
 E  20 N/C .
0.2  2  cos 60
q2 q3 50. (a) Charge resides on the outer surface of a
conducting hollow or solid sphere of
Initial P.E. of system radius R (say). We consider a spherical
1 surface of radius r < R.
U1  [q1q 2  q 2q 3  q 3q1]
40r1
+ + + +
+ +
+
9  109 R +
 [1(2)  2(3)  3(1)]  99  109 J +
+
1 + S
+ O +
r
when r2  50 cm  0.5 m + E +
+ +
+ +
Final P.E. of system + +
+ +

1
U2  [q1q 2  q 2q 3  q 3q1] By Gauss’s theorem,
40r2
q inside
9  E .ds 
9  10 0
 [1(2)  2(3)  3(1)]
0.5
1
or E  4r 2   q inside
9
 2  22  10 J . 0

Work done  U 2  U1 and we know that q inside  0

So, E  0
 2  99  109  99  109
i.e., electric field inside a hollow sphere is zero.
W  99  109 J  9.9  1010 J .
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