EE-643: Power System Reliability Assignment # 2

Question # 1: The following table shows the time in years between maintenance actions to
70 manual switches for a given utility.

Years Between Maintenance Actions Number

1 3
2 9
3 10
4 8
5 8
6 11
8 4
9 7
11 1
15 2
18 5
20 2

(a) What is the average number of years between maintenance actions of manual switches?

(b) What is the standard deviation?

Question # 2: It is known that 07% of the insulators are defective. What is the probability
of finding three or less defective insulators in a string of six?

Question # 3: The manufacturing company of a transformer assumed that the failure of

power transformers follow a Poisson probability distribution. Suppose on average, a
transformer fails once every 10 years. What is the probability that it will not fail in the next 12
months? That it will fail once in the next 36 months?

Question # 4: Two thousand new OCRs are put in service. They have a constant failure rate
of 0.05 per year.

(a) How many units of the original 2000 will still be in service after 6 years?

(b) How many of the original will fail in Year 6?

Page 1 of 2
EE-643: Power System Reliability Assignment # 2

Question # 5: One hundred poles out of 200 were tested and 4 were found to be rotten. We
want to state that we are 99% confident that the number of rotten poles does not exceed a
certain percentage. What is that percentage?

Question # 6: If P is the probability that a unit will fail in the interval T to T + t, given that
the unit is in working conditions at time T, then P is independent of T and depends only on the
length of interval t. Prove it by applying the conditional probability and give an example.

Page 2 of 2