NI - MIDTERM EXAM

This refers to the field of specialization that integrates nursing science, compute science and
information science in identifying, collecting, processing, and managing data and information
to support nursing practice, administration, education and research and to expand nursing
knowledge: *
ans: c. Nursing informatics

This refers to the science of computer information systems: *

Ans: b. Informatics

This pertains to the management of health care information using computers; also known as
health information technology: *
Ans: a. Health informatics

This term is defined by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as “a specialty that integrates
nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate
data, information, and knowledge in nursing practice . . . to support patients, nurses, and other
providers in their decision-making in all roles and settings”: *
Ans: c. Nursing informatics

The use of computers to systematically solve problems is referred to as:

Ans: d. Information technology

Student nurse Geralt sees to it that he knows how to operate a computer. He also strives to
learn about its parts and their respective functions, which comes in handy considering that he
is intending to become a nurse informaticist in the future. This skillset is a reflection of
_________ of Student Nurse Geralt. *
Ans: d. Information technology

During this period, hospital information systems have increased in functionality and use.
Nursing informatics became a recognized field in the US, and experts in the field began to
emerge with job titles such as informatics nurse or nurse informatician: *
Ans: c. 1980s
In this period, computers were already used for diverse hospital functions such as radiology,
pharmacy, and laboratory services: *
Ans: d. 1990s

When a patient is hospitalized, daily updates are entered into the medical record,
documenting clinical changes, new information emerging, etc. The document that contains the
sequence of events that lead to the current state of health is referred to as: *
Ans: b. Progress notes

Student nurse Yennefer has been assigned to make a reflective journal about the role
of nursing informaticists. When searching for a journal online, she made sure that the
journal that she will be using for the reflective journaling is credible and is of the
highest quality. She also uses This ability to recognize the need for information and
the skill to access, evaluate, and interpret information correctly is appropriately termed
as: *
Ans: b. Information literacy skills

The fastest, largest, and most expensive type of computer used in history for processing,
storing, and retrieving data: *
Ans: b. Mainframes Computers

You encountered reports in social media that claimed that the anti-viral drug dubbed “the
Covid-19 buster” or the “Fabunan anti-viral injection” has shown promise in treating the corona
virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and that this medication has already been approved by
President Rodrigo Duterte. In this regard, all the actions will be taken to verify the truthfulness
of these reports, except? Select all that apply. *
Ans: d. Check if the article is recent as recency translates to reliability of data

A nurse is catering to a client whose occupation is being an IT specialist. Given this type of
occupation, what areas of assessment should the nurses put particular emphasis to? SATA: *
Ans: a. Sense of sight
 b. Sense of hearing
c. Back flexibility
e. ROM of arms

A nurse has been assigned to undergo a mandatory CPE on client safety as part of his
renewal of employment in a certain hospital in Davao City. Which computer-assisted approach
should the nurse best consider satisfying this requirement? *
Ans: a. Complete a computerized tutorial on client safety

A patient asks the nurse about researching a new medication online. The nurse, in this
instance, best respondents to a patient by saying: *
Ans: d. "Let's look at some of the sites you've been visiting."

The nurse accesses previous hospitalization information to learn more about the client’s
previous health history. In what way is the availability of the client’s health information
assisting with the planning to address new care needs? *
Ans: d. Constant availability of client health information

A client asks airs concern regarding how the hospital keeps his health-related data safe
considering that he is a B24 patient. The nurse responds to this by stating: *
Ans: b. "Authorized users of our system need a password to retrieve information."

The Father of Computers is: *

Ans: charles babbage

Upon the creation of the system in the situation, the developers have automatic _______
rights over the creation of the HIS. *
Ans: d. Copyright

If another hospital intends to use “Life-Tech” as the name of their own HIS, such hospital may
be liable for the infringement of what rights? *
Ans: a. Trademark

The logo of the Coca Cola Company is an example of which of the following? *
Ans: d. A trademark

All of the following works are protected by copyright law, except: *

Ans: a. Ideas

Another set of nurse informaticists have created a program which will enable patients to
contact their healthcare providers through an app and seek consultations without the need to
see their physicians face to face. One NI asks how long the copyright law will protect their
product. The correct answer to this question is: *
Ans: d. The life of the inventor + 70 years

A clinical instructor would like to provide his students with a chapter of Brunner and Suddarth’s
Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (2018). When is sharing a chapter of this book
allowed? *
Ans: d. When the clinical instructor has explicit permission from the author of the textbook

A nurse knows that some drugs cost higher than other drugs because, as innovators of a new
drug, companies tend to upsurge the price of a newly-discovered medication. Such drug is
covered under ________ protection, which means that only the pharmaceutical company that
holds such right is allowed to manufacture, market the drug and eventually make a profit from
it. *
Ans: b. Patent

Which of the following statements is not true about the duty of confidentiality? *
Ans: c. It is an absolute duty

Nurse Cute uses a barcode scanner to correctly identify clients before medication
administration. This is an example of an application of technology in: *
Ans: c. Nursing practice

In connection to the previous question, Nurse Cute, in using a barcode scanner to

correctly identify clients before medication administration, is exercising which of the
following bioethical principle: *
Ans: d. Prudence
In order for patents to be legally provided to a product, the product must consist of all of the
following characteristics, except: *
Ans: e. None of the above

According to the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines, the intentional copying of a
registered design, a design of the Crocs sandals, for example, constitutes which one of the
following? *
Ans: c. A criminal offense

Basing from the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines, the concept of time-shifting in
copyright laws is best defined as: *
Ans: d. Enabling individuals to record a broadcast and view/listen to it later

A student nurse asks a clinical instructor about copyright laws. The student asks when does a
copyright protection being. The CI correctly replies that copyright protection begins when: *
Ans: a. The original work is set up in a tangible expression of an idea

As an employee of the Davao Doctors Hospital – IT Department, an IT developer has been

tasked to create an application that would enable a patient to access all his/her information
while admitted. This application proves to be very beneficial for hospital clients and so the IT
developer who created it intends to sell the application to other hospitals as well, seeing as
this invention was his own in the first place. If a work is commissioned by a company, the
creator: *
Ans: b. Retains ownership of the work unless another agreement has been made

The use of nursing informatics is currently available for everybody. Including hospitals where
the patient provides their sensitive information. What is the most common risk to patient
privacy and confidentiality? *
Ans: a. An organization's employees.
One of the main issues in nursing informatics is the legality of keeping the information of the
patient safe. The informatics nurse violates a patient's legal right to privacy and confidentiality,
by: *
Ans: c. looking up a colleague's diagnosis and laboratory results while he or she is hospitalized.
Integrating clinical practice guidelines with an electronic health record facilitates quality
improvement measurement by: *
Ans: a. comparing guideline parameters to clinical outcomes.

As an ambulatory provider reviews the patient's chart, the provider reads lab data from an
external organization. This scenario exemplifies: *
Ans: a. a health information exchange.

The problem with nurses when using technology is that they do not know how to use
technology. Their knowledge and skill are not well versed enough to handle this kind of
change. To be at the level of expertise where the individual marginally demonstrates
acceptable performance having built on lessons learned in their expanding experience base;
needs supervision is referred to as? *

Ans: b. Advance beginner

Nurse Kelly has enhanced mastery and the ability to cope with and manage many
contingencies. As a nurse with a nursing informatics background, you know that Nurse Kelly is
what level of expertise? *
Ans: c. Competent

Issues in informatics include the laws that make up and protect us from breach of information.
One of the major provisions of this law was enacted to formulate and regulate federal
guidelines and standards pertaining to electronic healthcare. Standards were developed to
allow for identifications of providers, health insurance plans, and employers, including the
National Provider Identifier Standard (NPIS), which provides every physician with a unique
number used in all aspects of healthcare. As a nurse, you know that which of the following is
the law that is being referred? *
Ans: c. HIPAA
As a nurse you know that nursing informatics is essential in the care for patients. Which of the
following are nursing care elements? (Select all that apply) *
Ans:
b. Nursing diagnosis

c. Nursing intervention

d. Nursing outcome

e. Intensity of nursing care

When using the computer to record the information of the patient. The nurse must be able to
differentiate the patient or client demographic elements. All the following are client
demographic elements, EXCEPT? (Select all that apply) *
Ans: f. Vital Signs

Issues in informatics where documentation of patient information is compromised that is why

standards are made and dimensions are provided. Which dimension refers to the personal
health record maintained and controlled by the individual or family; nonclinical information? *
Ans: a. Personal Health Dimension

One common issue in nursing informatics is the lack of proper communication between IT and
nurses. That is why it is important to have standards in an emergency health record. The
nurse knows that a fundamental requirement for effective communication is the ability to
represent concepts in an unambiguous fashion between both the sender and the receiver of
the message is known as? *
Ans: b. Vocabulary standards

Another issue in nursing informatics is the accessibility of the information for the end user.
That is why it is important to have the ability to promote quality patient care, access to
complete accurate patient data 24/7. Which dimension is this considered? *
Ans: b. Health Care Provider Dimension
Nursing informatics is currently at the infancy stage in the Philippines, and this is why there
are only a small number of people who are well educated regarding nursing informatics. As a
person learning nursing informatics, you know that nursing informatics is the intersection
between all the discipline-specific sciences except? (Select all that apply) *
Ans: d. Nursing science
e. Applied science
As a nursing student who wants to be a health informatics professional, you know that one of
the issues in nursing informatics is the inability to recognize responsibility as a health
professional. All of the following are responsibilities of a health informatics professional,
EXCEPT? *
Ans: b. Analyzing Data to help replace decisions and actions of health professionals

The usage of nursing informatics is sometimes the issue especially in hospitals because they
tend to have an erroneous idea of the purpose of a specific system. All of the following are
purposes of the Decision support system, EXCEPT? *

Ans: e. Option 2 only

Systems are commonly used in provided adequate nurse care for the patient. What type of
automated system represents the relationship between information and knowledge? *
Ans: b. Decision Support system

When a nurse exhibits mastery of the concept and capacity to intuitively understand the
situation and immediately target the problem with minimal effort or problem-solving what level
of expertise does the nurse possess? *
Ans: e. Expert

As the NI was conducting her lecture, one of the staff nurses said that she is not very familiar
with how the computer works. The NI’s answer is correct when she states that: *
Ans: c. Application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive
and/or assist with personal tasks.

The NI has been teaching the nurses regarding the disadvantages of using the computer.
Which of the following factors are identified disadvantages to this use? SATA: *
Ans: a. Health Risks

b. Public Safety
d. Impact on Labor Force
f. Impact on Environment
g. Violation of Privacy

As the NI is evaluating the nurse’s understanding on the computer system, a nurse needs to
be corrected if she states: *
Ans: d. System hardware manages computer resources and makes computers easier to use.

The NI emphasized that since one of the disadvantages of computers is an environmental

risk, green computing is being practiced. Green computing is: *
Ans: a. Involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when
using a computer.

Identify the theorist that identified Nursing informatics as an intersection between the
discipline-specific science and the area of informatics. *
Ans: b. Jonathan Turley

According to this theorist “Every nurse must be able to continuously exhibit the capability to
acquire skills, and then demonstrate specific skills beginning with the very first student
experience”. *
Ans: c. Patricia Benner

As per the theory of Ramon Nelson (DIKW), Wisdom is defined as: *

Ans: c. The appropriate use of knowledge to manage and solve human problems. It consists of
knowing when and how to apply knowledge to deal with complex problems or specific human
needs.

This theorist stated, pertaining to informatics use, that “the emphasis is on the medical use of
the information technology and not on the application of technology to medicine”: *
Ans: d. Bruce Blum

This is a proposed a model intended to stimulate and guide systematic research in

nursing informatics, model/framework that enables identification of significant
information needs that can foster research. *
Ans: a. Schwirian Model

This refers to the Benner’s level of expertise that is defined as evolution through continuous
practice of skills, combined with professional experience and knowledge; an individual who
appreciates standards of practice as they apply in nursing informatics. *
Ans: c. Competent

This model describes the type and pattern of documentation in the patient record will be
dependent on 3 interacting dimensions of health care: Personal Health, Health care provider
and Population health. *
Ans: c. Patient medical record information model

The computer system that records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage
media. *
Ans: a. Storage device

Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform
them. The statement below correctly describes application software. *
Ans: c. It consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with
personal tasks.

The theorist that proposed a three-stage model of change known as unfreeze-change-

refreeze model that requires prior learning to be rejected and replaced. *
Ans: d. Kurt Lewin

In Turley’s Model, this is the discipline that focuses on the gathering, manipulation,
classification, storage, and retrieval of recorded knowledge. Information science can be
socially oriented, focused on humans and machines, and closely linked to communications
and human behavior. *
Ans: b. Information Science

In Benner’s level of expertise, this level identifies the individual with mastery of the concept
and capacity to intuitively understand the situation and immediately target the problem with
minimal effort or problem-solving: *
Ans: e. Expert

A nurse is identified as an advanced beginner if they: *

Ans: c. Barely demonstrate acceptable performance having built on lessons learned in their
expanding experience base; needs supervision.

These are identified as essentially raw facts and figures that users feed on the computer and
these get processed via the computer system. *
Ans: b. Data

Nurse Informaticist Eudora is working at MLBB Hospital. She is conducting a seminar to the
newly hired staff nurses about “Nursing Informatics”. One of the participants asked NI Eudora
on the functions of Nurse Informaticist. Nurse Eudora enumerates the functions, and these
include: SATA: *
Ans: a. Management of the project
b. Tracking the success of quality initiatives
c. Analyzing clinical statistics
d. Optimizing system performance
f. Training and supporting the nursing staff

During the seminar, staff nurse Alice asked NI Eudora on how staff nurses like her who do not
have enough knowledge about computers to cope with the integration of technology into
nursing practice. NI Eudora’s best response is: *
Ans: c. Nurse Informaticist like me can serve as an important bridge between clinical staff and
technical advancement.

Staff nurse Esmeralda asked NI Eudora on how to be a Nurse Informaticist. NI Eudora’s

correct response is: *
Ans: b. You must be a Registered Nurse, Bachelor’s in Healthcare Administration or Informatics
Master’s in Nursing Informatics or a Doctor of Nursing Practice degree

Nurse Valir is a newly hired staff nurse of a tertiary hospital with highly sophisticated and
technological advancement. Nurse Valir is aware that being in an institution with technology
and healthcare integration, he should have enough knowledge on: Select all that apply *
Ans:
a. Computer generated client documentation.
b. Electronic medical record (EMR)

c. Computer-based Patient Record (CPR).

d. Computer generated nursing care plans and critical pathways.

e. Basic and advance nursing care skills

Patient Guinevere is scheduled for discharge today. As a staff nurse of a hospital with
technological advancement, Nurse Valir’s responsibilities are: *
Ans: b. Document the discharge order in the computer, inform the patient of the discharge, and
the patient can go to the billing section for payment anytime.

The advantages of integrating nursing education with nursing informatics system include
which of the following functions? Select all that apply: *
Ans:
a. Easy presentation of power points and MS words.

b. Computerized record keeping

c. Interactive video technology
d. Distance learning- web based courses
e. Utilizing online applications to conduct quizzes and examinations
f. Computerized laboratory simulation

The informatics application that is created to alert both pharmacy and health staff when two or
more drug prescriptions are incompatible is: *
Ans: g. Clinical Alert System

In the Philippines, professional certifications for Nursing informatics are: Select all that apply *
Ans:
a. A Certificate of Completion

c. Informatics Nurses Society of the Philippines

d. Informatics College Philippines

The entry-level of Informatics Nursing Certification is: *

Ans: a. Certified Associate in Healthcare Information and Management Systems (CAHIMS)
The advanced level of Informatics Nursing Certification is: *
Ans: c. Certified Professional in Healthcare Information and Management Systems (CPHIMS)

Which of the following are the tasks of nurse informaticists? Select all that apply: *
Ans:
a. Selecting and preparing new technology

b. Clinical statistics analysis

d. Writing policies

e. Training and supporting the nursing staff

The nursing informaticist can meet the information needs of practicing nurses by integrating
and applying information, computer, and nursing science. This level of informatics competency
is: *
Ans: d. Informatics nurse specialist

An executive member of the Nursing informatics systems team, who provides strategic vision
and leadership which aims to develop and manage the communication practices, trainings,
systems, and technologies that are vital to delivering high-quality patient care. These are the
responsibilities of: *
Ans: c. Chief nursing informatics officer

Which of the following members of the Nursing informatics system team who acts as a point of
communication between clinical nurses and IT staff and reports feedback on new systems and
technology directly from the staff who are using it each day? *
Ans: e. Nurse informaticist

Evaluating current practices, reviewing alternatives, consultations with patient care managers
and providing education to staff, optimizing patient care by working with nursing staff, make
decisions on where to allocate staff and resources, develop specialized treatment plans after
patient examinations. These are few of the job descriptions of: *
Ans: d. Clinical nurse specialist
Responsible for the implementation and utilization of information systems required for patient
care initiatives, evaluates applications to best meet the needs of the organization, provides
technical training. These are job descriptions of: *
Ans: b. Clinical informatics coordinator

Installation, managing, and optimizing computer systems for hospitals and medical facilities.
Ensures these networks run smoothly and are maintained and upgraded when necessary.
These are job descriptions of: *
Ans: a. Clinical analyst

NI – QUIZ

In any situation, confidentiality of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Patient Records must be
maintained. The identity, diagnosis, and treatment are sometimes treated as confidential
information. Patient impairment can be considered as an excuse to the release of confidential
patient information if it is being disclosed by a Psychiatrist. This statement is: *
Ans: b. Incorrect

Teacher Gord asked Mr. Valir to identify this example in relation to the theory of Graves and
Corcoran: “You have a 15-inch-laptop, color black with Bluetooth black mouse”. Mr. Gord is
correct if he answers: *
Ans: a. Data

Kurt Lewin developed a change model which represents a very simple and practical model for
understanding the change process. The process of change entails creating the perception that
a change is needed in relation to the integration of technology into Nursing practice. Which of
the following statements is Unfreezing? *

Ans: b. Old behaviors, ways of thinking, processes, people and organizational structures must all
be carefully examined to show employees how necessary a change is for the organization to
create or maintain a competitive advantage in Nursing Informatics.
Teacher Gord asked Mr. Harith to answer this statement: “The student nurse has a lot of
inputs on how to use the computer”. Mr. Harith’s correct answer is: *

Ans: c. Knowledge

Nursing Minimum Data Set system (NMDS) is a standardized approach that aims efforts to
develop similar data sets around the world. The following are the benefits of NMDS: SATA *
Ans: a. Enhanced documentation of nursing care provided

b. Impetus to improved costing of nursing services.

d. Comparative research on nursing diagnoses, nursing interventions, nursing outcomes, intensity

of nursing care, and referral for further nursing services

e. Access to comparable, minimum nursing care, and resources data on local, regional, national,
and international levels.

f. Improve data for quality assurance evaluation.

g. Contribution toward advancing nursing as a research-based discipline.

Administrative Order no. 2015-0037 known as the “National Implementation of Health Data
Standards for eHealth Standardization and Information Interoperability”. This law is guided by
the Philippine eGovernment Master Plan of linking government date centers and databases to
create a secure network for government information systems, and harmonize information
technology systems in the public sector through what agency/ies? *
Ans: d. Department of Health (DOH)

Administrative Order no. 2013-0025 known as the “National Implementation of Health Data
Standards for eHealth Standardization and Interoperability. The main reason for having this
law is: SATA *
Ans:

a. To regulate all health services and products, and providers especially to local government units.
b. To achieve a responsive health system in the country is the widespread adoption of health date
standards.

c. For the implementation of Kalusugan Pangkalahatan or Universal Health Care is directed towards
achievement of the health system goals of better health outcomes, sustained health financing and
responsive heath system.

d. To allow data to be exchanged among different information systems of software applications with
consistent definition of meaning.

Teacher Gord also asked Ms. Fanny this example: “Every picture posted on Facebook is
considered as?”. Ms. Fanny is correct he answers: *
Ans: b. Information

Base on the illustration, the purpose/s of Expert system is/are: SATA *

Ans: c. It uses data and information to make a decision.

Management processing is integrated within each element, depicting nursing informatics as

the proper management of knowledge, from data as it is converted into information and
knowledge. What Informatics theory and model is this? *

Ans: GRAVES AND CORCORAN'S MODEL

Utilization of Internet is being used by nurses to access digital libraries, online resources and
research protocols at the bedside. This is done in what area in nursing: *
Ans: d. Nursing Education

What Act of 2009 empowers the Federal Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to
oversee the promotion of Health IT, quality, safety and security as well as the secure
information exchange? *
Ans: b. HITECH Act
Joint Administration Order no. 2016-0001 known as Implementation of the Philippine Health
Information Exchange. The goal of achieving universal healthcare, one of the strategic
instruments is to: *
Ans: b. Develop the health information system in the country.

Base on the illustration, the purpose/s of Decision Support system is/are: SATA *
Ans: d. To support the decision maker in the process of decision making.

Arrange the following according to Benner’s Level of Expertise Model: *

Ans: 2. 1. No experience of situations and related content in those situations where they are
expected to perform tasks. 2. Demonstrate acceptable performance having built on lessons
learned in their expanding experience base; needs supervision. 3. Enhanced mastery and the
ability to cope with and manage many contingencies. 4. Continuous practice of skills combined
with professional experience and knowledge; individual who appreciates standards of practice as
they apply in nursing informatics. 5. Mastery of the concept and capacity to intuitively understand
the situation and immediately target the problem with minimal effort or problem solving.

Ms. Silvanna, a Nursing-Informatics-resource speaker, is discussing about Intel’s Shift Left

Model. She said that in this model, there is a reverse relationship between quality of life and
cost of care per day and patient care moves from a high-quality delivery of lift through
technology with increased costs into quality of life with minimal health costs. As a student, you
know that the statement is: *
Ans: a. Correct

Truth about 21st Century Cures Act: SATA *

Ans: a. It would streamline the drug and device approval process and bring treatments to market
faster.

c. Streamlining the drug and device development process.

d. To help modernize and personalize health care, encourage greater innovation, support
research, and streamline the system.
e. For the discovery of cures in basic science

The following promoted Nursing as an integral part of Electronic Health Record system?
SATA *
Ans: b. International professional nursing organizations

An Act intended to ensure that physicians are paid fairly, that Medicare Part B costs are
controlled, and that healthcare is improved. *

Ans: e. MACRA

Base on the illustration, the purpose/s of information system is/are: SATA *

Ans: a. It processes data to produce information.

Davao Doctors Hospital is utilizing a highly sophisticated information technology to all its
processes. The use of EMR reduces the incidents of medication-related error. What is the
most important role of the technology in medication-use process? *
Ans: d. Patient safety

To stimulate and guide systematic research in nursing informatics, that enables identification
of significant information needs, that can foster research. This is what informatics theory and
model? *

Ans: SCHIWIRIAN'S MODEL

Kurt Lewin developed a change model which represents a very simple and practical model for
understanding the change process. The process of change entails creating the perception that
a change is needed in relation to the integration of technology into Nursing practice. Which of
the following statements is Changing? *

Ans: mali ang D

An integration of nursing care plan, computer system, and nursing and patient care date into
an interdisciplinary patient health record in Electronic Health record is an activity in what
nursing area? *
Ans: c. Nursing Practice

Mr. Sabido is conducting a discussion on Nursing Informatics to BSN 12A. Mr. Sabido asked
student nurse Gusion on reasons why Information technology should be integrated healthcare
system. Student nurse Gusion is correct if she answers: SATA *
Ans: c. For visibility of nursing documentation

Kulanggg

Joint Administration Order no. known as 2016-0002 - Privacy Guidelines for the
Implementation of the Philippine Health Information Exchange. There are two main challenges
of today's health system. These are *
Ans: c. Access to real time information for decision making.

Kurt Lewin developed a change model which represents a very simple and practical model for
understanding the change process. The process of change entails creating the perception that
a change is needed in relation to the integration of technology into Nursing practice. Which of
the following statements is Refreezing? *

Ans: d. The changes made to organizational processes, goals, structure, offerings or people are
accepted as the new norm or status quo. It is important to ensure that people do not revert to
their old ways of thinking or doing prior to the implementation of the change.

There are 3 components of Nursing informatics. Each component is essential for the system
to progress. The intersection between the discipline-specific science and the area of
informatics. It refers to what Informatics theory and model? *

Ans: TURLEY'S MODEL

Truth about JCAHO: SATA *
a. A private organization that has been used since 1965 to accredit hospitals and facilities, which
allowed for their participation in Medicare.

c. Has ability to control and determine rules related to patient care, several of which pertain to
PHI confidentiality.

d. An accrediting body which improves the quality of healthcare system of a certain institution or
facility by allowing them to participate in health management organization.

This Act resulted in the collaboration of the HHS and FDA to recommend a regulatory
framework for Health IT to improve mobile applications and other means to promote patient
safety and innovation in healthcare delivery. *

Ans: d. FDASIA