CHAPTER 1 6.

Concrete Nouns – These can be perceived by any of

the five senses. They can also be either count or mass
The Different Parts of Speech nouns.
Nouns e.g., chair, rain, lightning, food
Nouns are names of people, places, things, ideas, and events. 7. Collective Nouns – These are names of groups of
persons, things, or animals.
I. Kinds of Nouns
e.g., band, flock, crowd, family
1. Proper Nouns – These name a specific person,
place, or thing and always start with a capital 8. Compound Nouns – These are nouns that are made
letter. up of more than one word.

e.g., Andrei, MSA, Philippines, December e.g.,

Types of Compound Nouns
2. Common Nouns – These are general names.
9. Separated Hyphenated Combined
e.g., writer, building, baby car
Adjectives police station editor-in-chief ballpen
3. Mass Nouns – These cannot be directly counted and that bubble bath hand-me-down seaman
are taken as a whole. They cannot also be made plural function as nouns – Adjectives may be considered nouns when they
by adding -s or -es at the end. represent people. They come after the determiner “The” and verbs
may immediately come after them. Also, they are used as subjects in
e.g., salt, sugar, damage, water sentences, plural verbs come after them.
4. Count Nouns – These are names that can be directly e.g., The determined succeed.
counted. They can also be made plural by adding -s or -
es at the end. The senator gave the jobless employment.
e.g., dress, piano, brush, can  Mass, abstract, and some concrete nouns are considered
Noncount. Refer to Appendix E for other examples of Mass
5. Abstract Nouns – These are names of ideas, Nouns and Count Nouns.
qualities, conditions, or emotions. They cannot also be
made plural by adding -s or -es at the end.
e.g., success, beauty, intelligence, happiness II. Forms of Nouns
 Nouns are easy to find in sentences because of their 2. After the prepositions
appearance. A word is a noun when: e.g. Nino ate the pie on the table.

1. It has a singular and plural form. (Refer to page 8 and 3. Before and after verbs
Appendix A.) e.g. Reagon bought a car this morning.
e.g. car cars
mouse mouses 4. After adjectives
e.g. The old house was torn down last week.
2. It has a gender, either male, female, or neither. (Refer
to Appendix B.) 5. After nouns or noun phrases
e.g. e.g. I made a gift, a sweater, for Angela.
male female common neuter
father mother parent house
3. It has cases, namely the nominative (or subjective), the IV. Noun Cases
objective, and the possessive. It is only in the possessive
case that the form of nouns changes. (Refer to page 6 Case refers to how noun (pronouns) are used in
for rules on possessive forms of nouns.) sentences. The three cases are the nominative (or
subjective), the objective, and the possessive. The table
4. It has endings of suffixes such as -age, -ce, -cy, -dom, - below shows the uses of these cases.
ion, -ism, -ity, -ment, -ness, -or, -ship, -sy, -tion, -ty, -
Case Use
ure. (Refer to Appendix C.)
Nominative Subject or Predicate Nominative
Objective Direct Object, Indirect Object, or
e.g. happiness equality
Object of a Preposition
kingdom agreement
Possessive To show ownership
III. Identifying Nouns in Sentences
Here are sentences showing the ways how nouns can be used.
There are other clues to know which words in the
sentence are nouns. Nouns may be found: 1. As subject of a verb

e.g. Flowers grow in the Garden

1. After the determiners Subject Verb
e.g. A student left his book on the table. 2. As predicate nominative (or complementing of a linking verb)
 e.g. Jossie is the pride of the school.
Linking Complement
Verb
3. As the direct object of a verb

e.g. Lito drives his

car to the bank.
Verb Direct
Object
4. As the indirect object of a verb

e.g. The man gave his

wife a gold ring.
Verb Indirect
Object
5. As the object of a preposition

e.g. You will find the vase beside the chair.

Preposition Object of the
preposition