GEC 103

READING’S IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

Name: Glycel S. Hilaos Activity: No. 5

Course/Year: BSIT-1C

Answer the following questions.

1. Define 1987 Philippine Constitution.

Preamble.
“We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in
order to build a just and humane society, and establish a Government
that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good,
conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our
posterity, the blessing independent and democracy under the rule of law
and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do
ordain and promulgate this Constitution.”

Give the 18 articles/Section of 1987 Philippine Constitution.

1. *Article I - National Territory*
2. *Article II - Declaration of Principles and State Policies*
3. *Article III - Bill of Rights*
4. *Article IV - Citizenship*
5. *Article V - Suffrage*
6. *Article VI - The Legislative Department*
7. *Article VII - The Executive Department
8. *Article VIII - The Judicial Department*
9. *Article IX - Constitutional Commissions*
- Section 1: Commission on Elections
- Section 2: Commission on Audit
- Section 3: Civil Service Commission
10. *Article X - Local Government*
- Section 1: Local Government Units
- Section 2: Autonomy of Local Government
11. *Article XI - Accountability of Public Officers*
12. *Article XII - National Economy and Patrimony*
- Section 1: National Economy and Patrimony
- Section 2: Declaration of State Policies
- Section 3: Lands of the Public Domain
- Section 4: Regalian Doctrine
- Section 5: Transfer of Lands to Natural-born Citizens
- Section 6: Shares of Foreign Entities
- Section 7: Mode of Acquisition
- Section 8: Management and Disposition
13. *Article XIII - Social Justice and Human Rights*
- Section 1: Social Justice
- Section 2: Role of Youth
- Section 3: Labor
- Section 4: Agrarian and Natural Resources Reform
- Section 5: Urban Land Reform and Housing
- Section 6: Access to Opportunities
- Section 7: Definition of Terms
14. *Article XIV - Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture, and Sports*
- Section 1: State Policies on Education
- Section 2: Academic Freedom
- Section 3: Role of Government and Private Institutions
No- Section 4: Regulation of Educational Institutions
- Section 5: Science and Technology
- Section 6: Arts and Culture
- Section 7: Sports
15. *Article XV - The Family*
- Section 1: The State recognizes the Filipino family as the foundation of the nation.
- Section 2: Marriage, as an inviolable social institution, is the foundation of the family
and shall be protected by the State.
- Section 3: The State shall defend: - The right of spouses to found a family in accordance with
their religious convictions and the demands of responsible parenthood;
- The right of children to assistance, including proper care and nutrition, and special protection
from all forms of neglect, abuse, cruelty, exploitation, and other conditions prejudicial to their
development;
- The right of the family to a family living wage and income;
The right of families or family associations to participate in the planning and
implementation of policies and programs that affect them.
- Section 4: The family has the duty to care for its elderly members but the State may also do
so through just programs of social security.
- Section 5: The State shall recognize the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure
the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.
- Section 6: The State shall apply the principles of agrarian reform or stewardship, whenever
applicable in accordance with law, in the disposition or utilization of other natural resources,
including lands of the public domain under lease or concession suitable to agriculture, subject
to prior rights, homestead rights of small settlers, and the rights of indigenous communities
to their ancestral lands.
- Section 7: Save in cases of hereditary succession, no private lands shall be transferred or
conveyed except to individuals, corporations, or associations qualified to acquire or hold
lands of the public domain.
- Section 8: Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 7 of this Article, a natural-born citizen
of the Philippines who has lost his Philippine citizenship may be a transferee of private lands,
subject to limitations provided by law.
- Section 9: The Congress may establish an independent economic and planning agency
headed by the President, which shall, after consultations with the appropriate public agencies,
various private sectors, and local government units, recommend to Congress, and implement
continuing integrated and coordinated programs and policies for national development. 16.
*Article XVI - General Provisions*
- Section 1: The flag of the Philippines shall be red, white, and blue, with a sun and three stars,
as consecrated and honored by the people and recognized by law.
- Section 2: The Congress may, by law, adopt a new name for the country, a national anthem,
or a national seal, which shall all be truly reflective and symbolic of the ideals, history, and
traditions of the people. Such law shall take effect only upon its ratification by the people in a
national referendum.
- Section 3: The State may not establish any religion. The State shall respect the freedom
of religion of every individual and shall guarantee the free exercise thereof. There shall be
a separation

2. Who made the 1987 Philippine

Constitution? Answer
The 1987 Philippine Constitution was formulated by a Constitutional
Commission appointed by then-President Corazon Aquino. The commission was
composed of 48 members led by Cecilia Mun oz-Palma as the chairperson. They
completed their task and presented the final draft of the constitution on
October 15, 1986. The constitution was ratified by the Filipino people in a
plebiscite on February 2, 1987, and it officially took effect on February 11, 1987.
This constitution reestablished democratic governance in the Philippines after
the tumultuous period of martial law under Ferdinand Marcos.

3. Why 1987 Philippine Constitution

important? Answer:
The 1987 Philippine Constitution is crucial for several reasons. It was
promulgated after the People Power Revolution, restoring democratic
governance. It provides the legal framework for the country’s political and
social institutions, ensuring the protection of individual rights, separation of
powers, and mechanisms for governance. The constitution also addresses
historical issues, promoting national unity and defining the country’s identity.