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1-3 Distance and Midpoints
1-3 Distance and Midpoints
So, WZ =
9.
Use the number line to find each measure. TIME CAPSULE Graduating classes have
buried time capsules on the campus of East
Side High School for over twenty years. The
1. XY points on the diagram show the position of
SOLUTION: three time capsules. Find the distance between
each pair of time capsules.
2. WZ
SOLUTION:
7.
SOLUTION:
Here, the number line is marked with an interval of 3.
The point A is at –12 and C is at 6.
8.
SOLUTION:
Here, the number line is marked with an interval of 3.
The point B is at 0 and D is at 18. The midpoint of is (5.5, 0).
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10. M (7, 1), N(4, –1) 12. ALGEBRA Point M is the midpoint of . What is
SOLUTION: the value of a in the figure?
Use the Midpoint Formula.
SOLUTION:
Use the Midpoint Formula to determine the value of
a.
13. JL
Write two equations to find the coordinates of G.
SOLUTION:
JL = 5
14. JK
SOLUTION:
JK = 3
15. KP
The coordinates of G are (–4, 9).
SOLUTION:
12. ALGEBRA Point M is the midpoint of . What is
the value of a in the figure?
KP = 9
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Use the Midpoint Formula to determine the value of
1-3 Distance and Midpoints
KP = 9 LN = 5
NP = 2
17. JP
SOLUTION: 19.
SOLUTION:
Use the Distance Formula.
JP = 12
18. LN
SOLUTION:
20.
19.
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION: Use the Distance Formula.
Use the Distance Formula.
21. 23.
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Use the Distance Formula. Use the Distance Formula.
22. 24.
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Use the Distance Formula. Use the Distance Formula.
The distance between U and V is 5 units. The distance between E and F is or about 14.1
units.
The distance between X and Y is or about 8.1 The distance between X and Y is or about 6.1
units. units.
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Use the Distance Formula. Use the Distance Formula.
The distance between P and Q is or about 4.5 The distance between A and B is or about 4.2
units. units.
The distance between M and N is or about 7.3 The distance between C and D is or about 5.4
units. units.
28. Y(–4, 9), Z(–5, 3)
31. CCSS REASONING Vivian is planning to hike to
SOLUTION: the top of Humphreys Peak on her family vacation.
Use the Distance Formula. The coordinates of the peak of the mountain and of
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the base of the trail are shown. If the trail can bePage 6
approximated by a straight line, estimate the length of
the trail. (Hint: 1 mi = 5280 ft)
a. If each square on the grid represents one block
The distance
1-3 Distance andbetween C and D is
Midpoints or about 5.4 and the bottom left corner of the grid is the location
units. of the origin, what is the straight-line distance from
Penny’s house to Akiko’s?
31. CCSS REASONING Vivian is planning to hike to b. If Penny moves three blocks to the north and
the top of Humphreys Peak on her family vacation. Akiko moves 5 blocks to the west, how far apart will
The coordinates of the peak of the mountain and of they be?
the base of the trail are shown. If the trail can be
SOLUTION:
approximated by a straight line, estimate the length of
the trail. (Hint: 1 mi = 5280 ft) a. The coordinates of the houses are:
Penny (4, 6) and Akiko (7, 1)
SOLUTION:
Use the Distance Formula. The distance between their houses is about 5.8
blocks.
33.
37.
SOLUTION:
The midpoint is 6.
F is at –3 and K is at 9.
34.
SOLUTION:
J is at 6 and L is at 11.
The midpoint is 3.
38.
SOLUTION:
The midpoint is 8.5. E is at –6 and L is at 11.
35.
SOLUTION:
E is at –6 and F is at –3.
SOLUTION:
1-3 Distance and Midpoints
The midpoint is 2.5. The midpoint of is (–6.5, –3).
Find the coordinates of the midpoint of a 42. V(–2, 5), Z(3, –17)
segment with the given endpoints.
39. C(22, 4), B(15, 7) SOLUTION:
Use the Midpoint Formula.
SOLUTION:
Use the Midpoint Formula
45.
Write two equations to find the coordinates of A.
SOLUTION:
Use the Midpoint Formula.
The midpoint of is
The midpoint of is
SOLUTION:
Let A be (x, y).
1-3 Distance and Midpoints
The coordinates of A are (1, 6).
The coordinates of C are (–7, –5).
50. C(–6, –2), B(–3, –5) 51. A(4, –0.25), B(–4, 6.5)
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Let the coordinates of A be (x, y). Let the coordinates of C be (x, y).
Write two equations to find the coordinates of A. Write two equations to find the coordinates of C.
Then, x = 11.
FM = 3x – 4
= 3(11) – 4
= 29
MG = 5x – 26
= 5(11) – 26
= 29
FG = FM + MG
= 29 + 29
= 58
FM = 5y + 13
= 29 = 5 – 3(–1)
=8
FG = FM + MG
= 29 + 29 FG = FM + MG
1-3 Distance
= 58 and Midpoints =8+8
= 16
Substitute.
Thus MG = 16.5 .
Find x,
Then y = –1.
FM = 5y + 13
= 5(–1) + 13
=8
MG = 5 – 3y
= 5 – 3(–1)
=8
FG = FM + MG 56. FM = 8a + 1, FG = 42, a = ?
=8+8 SOLUTION:
= 16
Substitute.
So, FM = 21.
Substitute.
Thus MG = 16.5 .
Find x,
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero 57. BASKETBALL The dimensions of a basketball Page 14
court are shown below. Suppose a player throws the
ball from a corner to a teammate standing at the
The distance between the center of the court and the
1-3 Distance and Midpoints bottom right corner is about 53.2 ft. The ball will
travel about 53.2 ft.
57. BASKETBALL The dimensions of a basketball CCSS TOOLS Spreadsheets can be used to
court are shown below. Suppose a player throws the perform calculations quickly. The spreadsheet
ball from a corner to a teammate standing at the below can be used to calculate the distance
center of the court. between two points. Values are used in
formulas by using a specific cell name. The
value of x 1 is used in a formula using its cell
name, A2.
=AVERAGE(B2, D2)
Name the point(s) that satisfy the given 63. COORDINATE GEOMETRY Find the
condition. coordinates of B if B is the midpoint of and C is
61. two points on the x-axis that are 10 units from (1, 8)
the midpoint of
SOLUTION:
The y-coordinate of the point on the x-axis is 0.
So, the point would be of the form (x, 0).
SOLUTION:
Use the Midpoint Formula to find the coordinates of
C.
4
n
Sample answer: If AB = x and n midpoints are found,
then the smallest segment will have a measure of
.
b. Sample answer: Find C = and place a
point on each line segment at this coordinate. Repeat 68. WRITING IN MATH Explain how the
the process to find the coordinate for point D by Pythagorean Theorem and the Distance Formula are
using the coordinates for points A and C. related.
SOLUTION:
Sample answer: The Pythagorean Theorem relates
the lengths of the legs of a right triangle to the length
2 2 2
of the hypotenuse using the formula c = a + b . If
you take the square root of the formula, you get
Think of the hypotenuse of the triangle
c. Sample answer: For each line segment, use the as the distance between the two points, the a value
ruler to measure the length of AB, AC, and AD. as the horizontal distance x2 – x1, and the b value as
Record your results in a table.
the vertical distance y 2 – y 1. If you substitute, the
Pythagorean Theorem becomes the Distance
Formula,
SOLUTION:
Sample answer: Choose some points that lie on horiz
distance between the first pair of points and the first
(x 1, y 1) (x 2, y 2)
The point P divides the line segment AD in the ratio
(–3, 0) (6, 0) 2:1.
70. CHALLENGE Point P is located on the segment If point P is on segment AD, then it must satisfy the
between point A(1, 4) and point D(7, 13). The
distance from A to P is twice the distance from P to equation of . Find the slope and equation
D. What are the coordinates of point P? of .
SOLUTION:
71. OPEN ENDED Draw a segment and name it . A From point A, draw equal arcs on using the
Using only a compass and a straightedge, construct a
same compass width.
segment such that Explain and B From point A, draw equal arcs above and below
SOLUTION:
The first step in bisecting is from point A, draw
Draw Next, draw a construction line and place equal arcs above and below using a compass
point C on it. From C, strike 6 arcs in succession of
width greater than So, the correct choice is C.
length AB. On the sixth length, perform a
segment bisector two times to create a length. 74. ALGEBRA Beth paid $74.88 for 3 pairs of jeans.
All 3 pairs of jeans were the same price. How much
Label the endpoint D.
did each pair of jeans cost?
F $24.96
72. WRITING
eSolutions IN MATH
Manual - Powered Describe
by Cognero a method of Page 20
finding the midpoint of a segment that has one G $37.44
endpoint at (0, 0). Give an example using your H $74.88
The first step in bisecting is from point A, draw
equal arcs above and below using a compass
1-3 Distance and than
width greater Midpoints So, the correct choice is C.
The correct choice is C.
74. ALGEBRA Beth paid $74.88 for 3 pairs of jeans. 76. GRIDDED RESPONSE One endpoint of has
All 3 pairs of jeans were the same price. How much coordinates (–3, 5). If the coordinates of the midpoint
did each pair of jeans cost?
of are (2, –6), what is the approximate length of
F $24.96
G $37.44
H $74.88 SOLUTION:
J $224.64 Let (x, y) be the location of the other end point. Then
SOLUTION: by the Midpoint Formula,
Divide $74.88 by 3.
74.88 3 = 24.96
The correct choice is F. Write two equations to find the values of x and y.
78. Refer to Page 35. 81. TRUCKS A sport-utility vehicle has a maximum
load limit of 75 pounds for its roof. You want to place
SOLUTION: a 38-pound cargo carrier and 4 pieces of luggage on
38 mm or 3.8 cm top of the roof. Write and solve an inequality to find
the average allowable weight for each piece of
Draw and label a figure for each relationship. luggage.
79. lies in plane M and contains point H.
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION: Let x be the weight of each piece of luggage. Then
Draw plane M. Place two points in the plane and the combined weight of the 4 pieces of luggage is 4x.
label them F and G. Draw . Place another point
The weight of the cargo carrier is 38 pounds.
on and label it H. The total weight is 4x + 38.
The maximum weight is 75 pounds.
That is, 4x + 38 ≤ 75.
Solve for x.
Solve for x.
84.
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Isolate a.
So, the allowable weight for each piece of luggage is
9.25 lb or less.
1-3 Distance and Midpoints
84.
SOLUTION:
Isolate a.
85.
SOLUTION:
Isolate k.
86.
SOLUTION:
Isolate z.
87.
SOLUTION:
Isolate n.