9

Mathematics
First Quarter
Module 1: Quadratic Equations
Mathematics – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Illustrations Quadratic Equations and Solving Quadratic
Equations
First Edition, 2020

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS!

Quadratic equations characterized a great number of phenomena in the real world, such as
where a thrown ball will land, how much to charge for a product or how long it will take a
person to go up and down a river. Because of their wide variety of applications, quadratics
have profound historical importance and were foundational to the history of algebra.
(https://rb.gy/nmpcrq)

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the concepts of Quadratic Equations. The scope of this module permits
it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes
the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

• Lesson 1 – Illustrates quadratic Equations
• Lesson 2A – Solving Quadratic Equations by extracting square roots
• Lesson 2B – Solving Quadratic Equations by factoring
• Lesson 2C – Solving Quadratic Equations by completing the square
• Lesson 2D – Solving Quadratic Equations by using the quadratic formula
• Lesson 3 – Characterizes the roots of a quadratic equation using the
discriminant
• Lesson 4 – Describes the relationship between the coefficients and the roots
of a quadratic equation.
• Lesson 5 – Solves equations transformable to quadratic equations
• Lesson 6 – Solves problems involving quadratic equations and rational
algebraic equations

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Illustrate quadratic equations;
2. Identify whether the given equation is a quadratic equation or not;
3. Transform quadratic equations in standard form;
4. Identify the values of a, b, and c in a given quadratic equation;
5. Write the quadratic equation given the values of a, b and c;
6. Identify the quadratic term, linear term and constant term in a quadratic
equation;
7. Solve the quadratic equation by extracting square roots;
8. Solve the quadratic equation by factoring;
9. Solve the quadratic equation by completing the square;
10. Solve the quadratic equation by quadratic formula;
11. Characterize the roots of a quadratic equation using the discriminant;
12. Describe the relationship between the coefficients and the roots of a
quadratic equation;
13. Solve equations transformable to quadratic equations; and
14. Solve problems involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic
equations.
 What I Know
PRE – ASSESSMENT

Directions: Find out how much you already know about this module. Choose the letter that
you think best answers the question. Please answer all items. Take note of the items that you
were not able to answer correctly and find the right answer as you go through this module.

1. It is a polynomial equation of degree two that can be written in the form

ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are real numbers and a ≠ 0.
A. Linear Equation C. Quadratic Equation
B. Polynomial Equation D. Exponential Equation

2. Which of the following is a quadratic equation?

A. 2r2 + 4r – 1 C. s2 + 5s – 14 = 0
B. 3t – 7 = 12 D. 2x2 – 7x ≥ 3

3. In the quadratic equation 3x2 + 7x – 4 = 0, which is the quadratic term?

A. x2 B. 7x C.-4 D. 3x2

4. In the quadratic equation 3x2 + 7x – 4 = 0, what is the value of a?

A. 0 B. 3 C. 4 D. 7

5. What quadratic equation is being described given the values of a = 2, b = 5 and c = 2?

A. 2x2 + 2x + 5 = 0 C. 2x2 + 5x + 2 = 0
B. 2x2 - 2x - 5 = 0 D. 2x2 - 5x + 2 = 0

6. Rewrite -3 (x+2)2 + 2 = 0 in its standard form.

A. -3x2 + 12x – 10 = 0 C. -3x2 + 12x + 10 = 0
B. 3x2 – 12x + 10 = 0 D. -3x2 – 12x – 10 = 0

7. Give the values of a, b and c in the quadratic equation 5x – 14 + x2 = 0.

A. a = 5 ; b = -14; c = 1 C. a = 5 ; b = 1; c = -14
B. a = 1 ; b = 5; c = -14 D. a = 1 ; b = -14; c = 5

8. Which of the following quadratic equation can easily be solved by factoring?

A. x2 = 9 C. (x-1)2 + 2 = 3x
B. x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 D. 2x2 + 3x = 4

9. If k >0, then x2 = k has

A. two solutions C. no solution
B. one solution D. cannot be determined
10. Complete b2; -2/3 x + _____ to make it a perfect square.
A. 1/9 B. 1 C. 3 D. 9

11. What is the square of a binomial of the expression t2 + 12t + 36 is

A. (t + 12)2 C. (t – 12 )2
B. (t – 6 )2 D. (t + 6)2

12. Which of the following are the factors of – 72 in which the sum is 1?
A. (8,9) B. (-8, -9) C. (-8,9) D. (-9,8)

13. Given the equation 4s2 + 9 = 12x, what is the first step to solve the roots using factoring?
A. divide the equation by 4 C. arrange the equation into its standard form
B. subtract the equation by 9 D. get the factors of 4 and 9

14. Find the missing terms: (x + ___ ) (3x + ____ ) = 3x2 + 27x + 24
A. 6 and 4 B. 4 and 6 C. 8 and 3 D. 12 and 2

15. One of the roots of 2x2 – 13x + 20 = 0 is 4. What is the other root?
A. -2/5 B. -5/2 C. 2/5 D. 5/2
Lesson
ILLUSTRATIONS OF
1 QUADRATIC EQUATION
Start Lesson 1 of this module by assessing your knowledge of the different
mathematics concepts previously studied and your skills in performing
mathematical operations. These knowledge and skills will help you in
understanding quadratic equations. As you go through this lesson, think of this
important question: “How are quadratic equations used in solving real-life problems
and in making decisions? “To find the answer, perform each activity. If you find any
difficulty in answering the exercises, seek the assistance of your older sibling/s or
refer to another book reference and go over to the page where the topic is being
discussed.

What’s In

Activity 1.1 Directions: Find each indicated product then answer the questions

that follow.

1. 3(x2 + 7) 4. (x + 2) (x – 2)

2. 2s (s-4) 5. (x + 4)(x + 4)

3. (w+7) (w+3)

TO FIND THE PRODUCT

 In multiplying a monomial to a binomial wherein you are to
multiply the monomial to each term of the binomial.
 In multiplying a binomial to a binomial you are to use the foil
method.
F O I L (F - multiply the first two terms of the binomial,
O - multiply the two outer terms,
I - multiply the two inner terms,
L - multiply the last two terms).
Then combine like terms.

https://rb.gy/4rspsc
 What’s New

A quadratic equation is defined as an equation of the degree in its

variable/variables. Thus a quadratic equation is an equation of degree 2. The
standard equation is expressed/ reducible to the form:

ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0

where; x is the variable; a, b, & c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. In the equation, ax2
is the quadratic term, bx is the linear term and c is the constant term.

In the quadratic equation a shouldn’t be equal to zero because if it happens

the equation will no longer be a quadratic equation but a linear equation with a
degree 1.

What is It

EXAMPLE 1: Some examples of Quadratic Equation

Quadratic Values of Quadratic Linear Constant

Standard Form
Equation a, b & c term term term

2x2 + 4x – 3 = 0 2x2 + 4x – 3 = 0 a = 2, 2x2 4x -3

b = 4,

c = -3

x2 = x + 6 x2 – x – 6 =0 a = 1, x2 -x -6

b = -1,

c = -6

6x – 27 = -x2 x2 + 6x – 27 = 0 a = 1, x2 6x -27
b = 6,

c = -27
EXAMPLE 2: 3x (x – 2) = 10 is a quadratic equation. However, it is not written

in standard form.

To write the equation in standard form, expand the product and make one side of
the equation zero as shown below.

3x (x – 2) = 10 3x2 – 6x = 10

3x2 – 6x – 10 = 10 – 10

3x2 – 6x – 10 = 0

The equation now is 3x2 – 6x – 10 = 0 which is now in standard form.

In the equation 3x2 – 6x – 10 = 0, a = 3, b = -6, and c = -10.

Furthermore, in the equation 3x2 – 6x – 10 = 0, 3x2 is the quadratic term, -6x is the
linear term and -10 is the constant term.

EXAMPLE 3: The equation (2x + 5)(x – 1) = -6 is also a quadratic equation but

is not written in standard form.

Just like in Example 2, the equation (2x + 5) (x – 1) = -6 can be written in standard

form by expanding the product and making one side of the equation zero as shown
below.

(2x + 5) (x – 1) = -6 → 2x2 – 2x + 5x – 5 = -6

2x2 + 3x – 5 = – 6

2x2 + 3x – 5 + 6 = – 6 + 6

2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0

The equation becomes 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0 which is in standard form.

In the equation 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0, a = 2, b = 3, and c = 1.

Furthermore, in the equation 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0, 2x2 is the quadratic term, 3x is the

linear term and 1 is the constant term.

NOTE: When b = 0 in the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, it results to a quadratic

equation in the form ax2 + c = 0.

 What’s More

Activity 1.2: Quadratic or Not Quadratic?

Directions: Identify which of the following equations are quadratic and which are
not. If the equation is not quadratic, give reason.

1. 3m + 4 = 12

2. 25 – x2 = 4x
3. x2 – x – 6 = 0
4. 3m (m – 4) = 9

5. (x – 5)2 = 100

Activity 1.3: Write me in Standard Form!

Directions: Write each quadratic equation in standard form, ax2 + bx + c = 0 then
identify the values of a, b and c.

1. 3x – 2x2 = 7 6. (x + 7) (x – 7) = -3x

2. 5 – 2x2 = 6x 7. (x – 4)2 + 8 = 0
3. (x + 3) (x + 4) = 0 8. (x + 2)2 = 3(x + 2)
4. (2x + 7) (x – 1) = 0 9. (2x – 1)2 = (x + 1)2

5. 2x (x – 3) = 15 10. 2x (x + 4) = (x – 3) (x – 3)

What I Have Learned

1. Quadratic Equation is an equation of degree 2.

2. The standard form of a quadratic equation is ax2 + bx + c = 0 where b ≠ 0.
3. In a quadratic equation ax2 is the quadratic term, bx is the linear term and c
is the constant term.
4. Some Quadratic equation can be written in standard form by expanding the
product and making one side of the equation zero as shown below.
 What I Can Do

Activity 1.5 WHERE IN THE REAL WORLD!

1. Give 5 examples of quadratic equations written in standard form. Identify the
values of a, b, and c in each equation.
2. Name some objects or cite situations in real life where quadratic equations are
illustrated. Formulate quadratic equations out of these objects or situations then
describe each.

Assessment

Activity 1.6: Complete the table below.

Standard Quadratic Linear Constant

a b c
Form Term Term Term

1. 3x – 2x2 = 7

2. 5 – 2x2 = 6x
3. (x + 3) (x +4) = 0

4. 2x (x – 3) = 15

5. (x + 7) (x – 7) = -3x
6. 2x2 = 7 – 4x
7. 5x2 = 5x + 6

8. 0 = 8 – 9x2 + 13x
9. -49x2 = 56
10. 3x (3 – x) = 14
 Answer Key

Pre –Assessment What’s More!!! Act. 1.3

1. C Act. 1.2 6. x2 + 3x – 49 = 0
2. C 1. Not Q.E ; degree is 1 a = 1; b = 3; c = - 49
3. D 2. Q.E 7. x2 – 8x + 24 = 0
4. B 3. Q.E. a = 1; b = -8; c = 24
5. C 4. Q.E. 8. x2 + x – 2 = 0
6. D 5. Q.E. a = 1; b = 1; c = -2
7. A 9. 3x2 – 6x = 0
8. B ACT. 1.3 a = 3; b = -6; c = 0
9. A 1. -2x2 + 3x – 7 = 0 10. x2 + 14x – 9 = 0
10. A a = -2; b = 3; c = -7 a = 1; b = 14; c = -9
2. -2x2 – 6x + 5 = 0
What’s In!
a = -2; b = -6; c = 5
1. 3x2 + 21
3. x2 + 7x + 12 = 0
2. 2s – 8
2
a = 1; b = 7; c = 12
3. w + 10w + 21
2
4. 2x2 + 5x – 7 = 0
4. x – 4
2
a = 2; b = 5; c = -7
5. x +8x + 16
2
5. 2x2 -6x – 15 = 0

a = 2; b = -6; c = -15
ASSESSMENT!!!

Quadr
Linear Constant
Standard Form a b c atic
Term Term
Term
1.-2x2 + 3x – 7 = 0 -2 -7
3 -2x2 3x -7
2.-2x2 - 6x + 5 = 0 -2 5
-6 -2x2 -6x 5
3.x2 + 7x + 12 = 0 1 12
7 x2 7x 12
4.2x2 – 6x – 15 = 0 2 -15
-6 2x2 -6x -15
5.x2 + 3x – 49 = 0 1 -49
3 x2 3x -49
6.2x2 + 4x – 7 = 0 2 -7
4 2x2 4x -7
7.5x2 – 5x – 6 = 0 5 -6
-5 5x2 -5x -6
8.9x2 – 13x – 8 = 0 9 -8
-13 9x2 -13x -8
9. -49x2 – 56 = 0 -49 -56
-56 -49x2 -56x -56
10.9x2 – 3x – 14 = 0 9 -14
-3 9x2 -3x -14

References
Math 9 Learner Material
Lesson SOLVING QUADRATIC

2A EQUATIONS BY EXTRACTING
SQUARE ROOTS
Start Lesson 2A of this module by assessing your knowledge of the different mathematics
concepts previously studied and your skills in performing mathematical operations. These
knowledge and skills will help you in solving quadratic equations by extracting square roots.
As you go through this lesson, think of this important question: “How does finding solutions
of quadratic equations facilitate in solving real-life problems and in making decisions?” To
find the answer, perform each activity. If you find any difficulty in answering the exercises,
seek the assistance of your older siblings.

What’s In

Activity 2A.1 Find My Roots!!!

Directions: Find the following Square roots. Answer the questions that follow.

1. √16 = 6. - √289 =

2. - √25 = 7. √0.16 =

3. √49 = 8. ± √36 =

4. -√64 = 9. √16/25 =

5. √121 = 10. ± √169/256 =

Were you able to find the square roots of some numbers? Did the activity provide
you with an opportunity to strengthen your understanding of rational and
irrational numbers? In the next activity, you will be solving linear equations. Just
like finding square roots of numbers, solving linear equations is also a skill which
you need to develop further in order for you understand the new lesson.
 What’s New

Quadratic equations that can be written in the form x2 = k can be solved by

applying the following properties:

The method of solving the quadratic equation x2 =k is called extracting square

roots.

What is It

Example 1: Find the solutions of the equations x2 – 16 = 0 by extracting square

roots.

Write the equation in the form x2 = k.

x2 – 16 = 0 → x2 – 16 + 16 = 0 + 16

x2 = 16

Since 16 is greater than 0, then the first property above can be

applied to find the values of x that will make the equation x2 – 16 = 0 true.

x2 = 16 → x = ±√16

x = ±4

To check, substitute these values in the original equation.

For x = 4: For x = - 4:

X2 – 16 = 0 X2 – 16 = 0

42 – 16 = 0 (-4)2 – 16 = 0

16 – 16 = 0 16 – 16 = 0

0=0 0=0
 Both values of x satisfy the given equation. So the equation x2 – 16 = 0 is
true when x = 4 or when x = - 4.

Answer: The equation x2 – 16 = 0 has two solutions: x = 4 or x = -4.

Example 2: Solve the equation t2 = 0.

Since t2 equals 0, then the equation has only one solution.

That is, t = 0.

To check: t2 = 0
?
02 = 0
0=0
Answer: The equation t2 = 0 has one solution: t = 0.

Example 3: Find the roots of the equation s2 + 9 = 0.

Write the equation in the form x2 = k.
S2 + 9 = 0 → s2 + 9 – 9 = 0 – 9
s2 = 9
Since -9 is less than 0, then the equation s2 = -9 has no real
solutions or roots. There is no real number when squared gives -9.
Answer: The equation s2 + 9 = 0 has no real solutions or roots.

Example 4: Find the solutions of the equation (x – 4)2 – 25 = 0.

To solve (x – 4)2 – 25 = 0, add 25 on both sides of the
equation.
(x – 4)2 – 25 + 25 = 0 + 25
The resulting equation is (x – 4)2 = 25.
Solve the resulting equation.
(x – 4 )2 = 25 → x – 4 = ± √25
x–4=±5
Solve for x in the equation x – 4 = ±5.
x – 4 + 4 = ±5 + 4 → x = ±5 + 4
The equation will result to two values x.

x=5+4 x =- 5 + 4

x=9 x = -1
Check the obtained values of x against the original equation.
For x = 9: For x = -1:

(x – 4 )2 – 25 = 0 (x – 4 )2 – 25 = 0
? ?
(9 – 4 )2 – 25 = 0 (-1 – 4 )2 – 25 = 0
? ?
52 – 25 = 0 (-1) 2 – 25 = 0
? ?
25 – 25 = 0 25 – 25 = 0
0=0 0=0

Both values of x satisfy the given equation. So the equation (x – 4)2 – 25 = 0

is true when x = 9 or when x = -1.
Answer: The equation (x – 4) 2 – 25 = 0 has two solutions: x = 9 or x = -1

What’s More

Activity 2A.2: Extract Me!!!

Directions: Solve the following quadratic equations by extracting square
roots.
1. x2 = 16 6. 4s2 – 225 = 0
2. t2 = 81 7. 3h2 – 147 = 0
3. r2 – 1000 = 0 8. (x – 4 )2 = 169
4. x2 – 144 = 0 9. (k + 7)2 – 289 = 0
5. 2s2 = 50 10. (2s – 1)2 = 225
Was it easy for you to find the solutions of quadratic equations by extracting
square roots? Did you apply the different mathematics concepts and
principles in finding the solutions of each equation? I know you did!
Lesson
SOLVING QUADRATIC
2B EQUATIONS BY FACTORING
Start Lesson 2B of this module by assessing your knowledge of the different mathematics
concepts previously studied and your skills in performing mathematical operations. These
knowledge and skills will help you in understanding solving quadratic equations by factoring.
As you go through this lesson, think of this important question: “How does finding solutions
of quadratic equations facilitate in solving real-life problems and in making decisions?” To
find the answer, perform each activity. If you find any difficulty in answering the exercises,
seek the assistance of your older siblings.

What’s In

Activity 2B.1: Factor Me!

Directions: Factor each of the following polynomials.

1. 2x2 – 8x 6. x2 – 10x +21

2. -3s2 + 9s 7. x2 + 5x – 6

3. 4x + 20x2 8. 4r2 + 25r + 25

4. 5t – 10t2 9. 9t2 – 45

5. s2 + 8s + 12 10. 2x2 + 3x – 14

Process questions:

a. How did you factor each polynomial?

b. What factoring technique did you use to come up with the factors of each

polynomial? Explain how you used this technique.

c. How would you know if the factors you got are the correct ones?

d. Which of the polynomials did you find difficult to factor? Why?

 What’s New

Some quadratic equations can be solved easily by factoring. To solve such

quadratic equations, the following procedure can be followed.

1. Transform the quadratic equation into standard form if necessary.

2. Factor the quadratic expression.

3. Apply the zero product property by setting each factor of the quadratic

expression equal to 0.

ZERO PRODUCT PROPERTY

If the product of two real numbers is zero, then either of the two is equal to zero or
both numbers are equal to zero.

4. Solve each resulting equation.

5. Check the values of the variable obtained by substituting each in the original

equation.

What is It

Example: Find the solution of x2 – 2x = 15 by factoring

Step 1: Transform the equation into standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0.

x2 – 2x = 15 x2 – 2x – 15 = 0

Step 2: Factor the quadratic expression x2 – 2x – 15

x2 – 2x – 15 ( x – 5) (x – 3) = 0

Step 3: Apply the zero product property by setting each factor of the

quadratic expression equal to 0.

(x – 5) (x – 3) = 0 x – 5 = 0; x + 3 = 0
 Step 4: Solve each resulting equation

x–5=0 x–5+5=0+5 x=5 or

x+3=0 x+3–3=0-3 x=-3

Hence the roots are x = 5 and x = -3.

Answer: The equation x2 – 2x = 15 has two solutions: x = 5 and x = - 3.

Example 2: Solve 9x2 – 4 = 0 by factoring.

To solve the equation, factor the quadratic expression 9x2 – 4.

9x2 – 4 = 0 (3x + 2)(3x – 2) = 0

Set each factor to 0.

3x + 2 = 0; 3x – 2 = 0

Solve each resulting equation.

3x + 2 = 0 3x - 2 = 0

3x + 2 – 2 = 0 – 2 3x – 2 + 2 = 0 + 2

3x = - 2 3x = 2

(3x = - 2) 1/3 (3x = 2) 1/3

x = - 2/3 x = 2/3

Check the values of the variable obtained by substituting each in the

equation 9x2 – 4 = 0.

For x = - 2/3 For x = 2/3

9x2 – 4 = 0 9x2 – 4 = 0

9(-2/3)2 – 4 = 0 9(2/3)2 – 4 = 0

9(4/9) – 4 = 0 9(4/9) – 4 = 0

4–4 =0 4–4 =0

0 =0 0 =0

Both values of x satisfy the given equation. So the equation 9x2 – 4 = 0 is true when
x = -2/3 or when x = 2/3.

Answer: The equation 9x2 – 4 = 0 has two solutions: x = -2/3 or x = 2/3.

 What’s More

Activity 2B.2: Factor then Solve!!!

Directions: Solve the following quadratic equations by factoring.
1. x2 + 7x = 0 6. x2 – 14 = 5x
2. 6s2 + 18s = 0 7. 11r + 15 = -2r2
3. t2 + 8t + 16 = 0 8. x2 – 25 = 0
4. x2 – 10x + 25 = 0 9. 81 – 4x2 = 0
5. h2 + 6h = 16 10. 4s2 + 9 = 12s

Was it easy for you to find the solutions of quadratic equations by factoring?
Did you apply the different mathematics concepts and principles in finding
the solutions of each equation? I know you did!

Lesson SOLVING QUADRATIC

2C EQUATIONS BY COMPLETING
THE SQUARE
Start Lesson 2C of this module by assessing your knowledge of the different
mathematics concepts previously studied and your skills in performing
mathematical operations. These knowledge and skills will help you in
understanding Solving Quadratic Equations by Completing the Square. As
you go through this lesson, think of this important question: “How does
finding solutions of quadratic equations facilitate in solving real-life
problems and in making decisions?” To find the answer, perform each
activity. If you find any difficulty in answering the exercises, seek the
assistance of your older siblings.
 What’s In

Activity 2C.1: How Many Solutions Do I Have?

Directions: Find the solution/s of each of the following equations.

1. x + 12 = 17 6. x – ¾ = ½

2. s + 15 = -9 7. (x + 10)2 = 36

3. r – 25 = 12 8. (w – 9)2 = 12

4. x – 5/6 = 3 9. (k + ½)2 = 12

5. t + 4/7 = 5 10. (h – 3/5)2 = 1/2

How did you find the activity? Were you able to recall and apply the different
mathematics concepts or principles in finding the solution/s of each
equation? I’m sure you did! In the next activity, you will be expressing a
perfect square trinomial as a square of a binomial. I know that you already
have an idea on how to do this. This activity will help you in solving
quadratic equations by completing the square.

What’s New

Another method of solving quadratic equation is by completing the

square. This method involves transforming the quadratic equation ax 2 + bx
+ c = 0 into the form (x – h) 2 = k, where k ≥ 0. Can you tell why the value of
k should be positive?

To solve the quadratic equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 by completing the

square, the following steps can be followed:

1. Divide both sides of the equation by a then simplify.

2. Write the equation such that the terms with variables are on the left side

of the equation and the constant term is on the right side.

3. Add the square of one-half of the coefficient of x on both sides of the

resulting equation. The left side of the equation becomes a perfect square

trinomial.

4. Express the perfect square trinomial on the left side of the equation as a

square of a binomial.

5. Solve the resulting quadratic equation by extracting the square root.

6. Solve the resulting linear equations.

7. Check the solutions obtained against the original equation.

What is It

Example 1: Solve the quadratic equation 2x2 + 8x – 10 = 0 by completing the

square.

Divide both sides of the equation by 2 then simplify.

2x2 + 8x – 10 = 0 (2x2 + 8x – 10 = 0)1/2

x2 + 4x – 5 = 0

Add 5 to both sides of the equation then simplify.

x2 + 4x – 5 = 0 x2 + 4x – 5 + 5 = 0 + 5

x2 + 4x = 5

Add to both sides of the equation the square of one – half of 4.

1/2(4) = 2 22 = 4

x2 + 4x = 5 x2 + 4x + 4 = 5 + 4

x + 4x + 4 = 9

Express x2 + 4x + 4 as a square of a binomial.

x + 4x + 4 = 9 (x + 2)2 = 9

Solve (x + 2)2 = 9 by extracting the square root.

(x + 2)2 = 9 x + 2 = ±√9

x + 2 = ±3
 Solve the resulting linear equations.

x+2=3 x + 2 = -3

x+2–2=3–2 x + 2 – 2 = -3 – 2

x=1 x=-5

Check the solutions obtained against the original equation

2x2 + 8x – 10 = 0.

For x = 1: For x = -5

2x2 + 8x – 10 = 0 2x2 + 8x – 10 = 0

2(1)2 + 8(1) – 10 = 0 2(-5)2 + 8(-5) – 10 = 0

2(1) + 8 – 10 = 0 2(25) – 40 – 10 = 0

2 + 8 – 10 = 0 50 – 40 – 10 = 0

0=0 0=0

Both values of x satisfy the given equation. So the equation 2x2 + 8x – 10 = 0 is true
when x = 1 or when x = -5.

Answer: The equation 2x2 + 8x – 10 = 0 has two solutions:

x = 1 or x = -5

Example 2: Find the solutions of the equation x2 + 3x – 18 = 0 by completing the

square.

Add 18 to both sides of the equation then simplify.

x2 + 3x – 18 = 0 x2 + 3x – 18 + 18 = 0 + 18

x2 + 3x = 18

Add to both sides of the equation the square of one – half of 3.

1/2(3) = 3/2 (3/2)2 = 9/4

x2 + 3x = 18 x2 + 3x + 9/4 = 18 + 9/4

x2 + 3x + 9/4 = 72/4 + 9/4 x2 + 3x + 9/4 = 81/4

Express x2 + 3x + 9/4 as a square of a binomial.

x2 + 3x + 9/4 = 81/4 (x + 3/2)2 = 81/4

Solve (x + 3/2)2 = 81/4 by extracting the square root.

(x+ 3/2)2 = 81/4 x + 3/2 = ±√81/4

x + 3/2 = ±9/2
Solve the resulting linear equations.

x + 3/2 = 9/2 x + 3/2 = -9/2

x + 3/2 – 3/2 = 9/2 – 3/2 x + 3/2 – 3/2 = -9/2 – 3/2

x = 6/2 x = -12/2

x=3 x = -6

Check the solutions obtained against the equation x2 + 3x – 18 = 0.

For x = 3: For x = -6:

x2 + 3x – 18 = 0 x2 + 3x – 18 = 0

(3)2 + 3(3) – 18 = 0 (-6)2 + 3(-6) – 18 = 0

9 + 9 – 18 = 0 36 – 18 – 18 = 0

0=0 0=0

Both values of x satisfy the given equation. So the equation x2 + 3x – 18 = 0 is true

when x = 3 or when x = -6.

Answer: The equation x2 + 3x – 18 = 0 has two solutions: x = 3 or x = -6.

What’s More

Activity 2C.2: Complete Me!!!

Directions: Find the solutions of each of the following quadratic equations
by completing the square.
1. x2 – 2x = 3 6. w2 + 6w – 11 = 0
2. s2 + 4s – 21 = 0 7. 4x2 – 25 = 0
3. t2 + 10t + 9 = 0 8. x2 – 5x – 6 = 0
4. x2 + 14x = 32 9. m2 + 7m – 51/4 = 0
5. r2 – 10r = -17 10. r2 + 4r = -1
Was it easy for you to find the solutions of quadratic equations by
completing the square? Did you apply the different mathematics concepts
and principles in finding the solutions of each equation? I know you did!
Lesson SOLVING QUADRATIC

2D EQUATIONS BY USING THE

QUADRATIC FORMULA
Start Lesson 2D of this module by assessing your knowledge of the different
mathematics concepts previously studied and your skills in performing
mathematical operations. These knowledge and skills will help you in
understanding solving quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula.
As you go through this lesson, think of this important question: “How does
finding solutions of quadratic equations facilitate in solving real-life
problems and in making decisions?” To find the answer, perform each
activity. If you find any difficulty in answering the exercises, seek the
assistance of your older siblings.

What’s In

Activity 2D.1: It’s Good to be Simple!

Directions: Simplify each of the following expressions.

1. (6 + √9)/2(3) 6. -6 (-√(36 – 20))/2(1)

2. (6 - √9)/2(3) 7. (5 + √(25 + 100))/2(4)

3. (-6 + √18)/2(2) 8. (-10 + √(102 – 52))/2(3)

4. (-9 - √24)/2(2) 9. (-4 - √(42 + 16))/2(4)

5. (-8 + √(64 – 28))/2(-3) 10. (-5 + √(52 – 4(3)(-2)))/2(3)

How did you find the activity? Were you able to simplify the expressions? I’m
sure you did! In the next activity, you will be writing quadratic equations in
standard form. You need this skill for you to solve quadratic equations by
using the quadratic formula.
 What’s New

The solutions of any quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 can be

determined using the quadratic formula x = (-b ± √b2 – 4ac ) / 2a , a ≠ 0.

To solve any quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 using the quadratic

formula, determine the values of a, b, and c, then substitute these in the
equation x = (-b ± √(b2 – 4ac)/2a. Simplify the result if possible then check
the solutions obtained against the original equation.

What is It

Example 1: Find the solutions of the equation 2x2 + 3x = 27 using the quadratic

formula.

Write the equation in standard form.

2x2 + 3x = 27 2x2 + 3x – 27 = 0

Determine the values of a, b, and c.

2x2 + 3x – 27 = 0 a = 2; b = 3; c = -27

Substitute the values of a, b, and c in the quadratic formula.

x = (-b ± √(b2 – 4ac))/2a x = - (3) ±√((3)2 – 4(2)(27))/2(2)

Simplify the result

x = - (3) ± √((3)2 – 4(2)(27))/2(2) x = (-3 ±√(9 + 216))/4

x = (-3 ±√225)/4

x = (-3 ±15)/4

x = (-3 + 15)/4 x = (-3 – 15)/4

= 12/4 = -18/4

x=3 x = -9/2
Check the solutions obtained against the equation 2x2 + 3x = 27.

When x = 3:

2x2 + 3x = 27 2(3)2 + 3(3) = 27

2(9) + 9 = 27

18 + 9 = 27

27 = 27

When x = -9/2:

2x2 + 3x = 27 2(-9/2)2 + 3(-9/2) = 27

2(81/4) - 27/2 = 27

81/2 - 27/2 = 27

54/2 = 27

27 = 27

Both values of x satisfy the given equation. So the equation 2x2 + 3x = 27 is true
when x = 3 or when x = -9/2.

Answer: The equation 2x2 + 3x = 27 has two solutions: x = 3 or x = -9/2.

What’s More

Activity 2D.2: Is the formula Effective?

Directions: Find the solutions of each of the following quadratic equations
using the quadratic formula.
1. x2 + 10x + 9 = 0 6. 2x2 + 7x + 9 = 0
2. x2 – 12x + 35 = 0 7. 4x2 – 4x + 1 = 0
3. x2 + 5x – 14 = 0 8. 3x2 – 4x = 0
4. x2 – 4x + 12 = 0 9. 9x2 – 72 = 0
5. x2 + 7x = 4 10. 2x2 + 4x = 3

Was it easy for you to find the solutions of quadratic equations by using the
quadratic formula? Were you able to simplify the solutions obtained? I know
you did!
 What I Have Learned

1. How do you solve quadratic equations by extracting square roots?

2. How do you solve quadratic equations by factoring?
3. How do you solve quadratic equations by completing the square?
4. How do you solve quadratic equations using the quadratic formula?

What I Can Do

ACTIVITY 2.1: APPLY ME!

The length of a car park is 120 m longer than its width. The area of the car
park is 6400 m2.
a. How would you represent the width of the car park?
How about its length?
b. What equation represents the area of the car park?
c. How would you use the equation representing the area of the car park in
finding its length and width?
d. What is the length of the car park? How about its width? Explain how you
arrived at your answer.
e. Suppose the area of the car park is doubled, would its length and width
also double? Justify your answer
 Assessment

Activity 2.2:
Directions: Solve the quadratic equation by any method in finding the roots
or solutions. Show your solutions. (make sure to use all the four methods at
least in two items).

1. x2+ 7x +10 =0 6. 4x2 - 121 = 0

2. 9x2 = 225 7. x2 + 2x – 15 = 0
3. x2 + 11x + 30 = 0 8. (x + 3)2 = 25
4. 2x2 + x – 28 = 0 9. w2 – 64 = 0
5. 4x2 + 4x – 15 = 0 10. 6s2 + 18s = 0
 Answer Key

LESSON 2A
What’s In! What's More
1. 4 1. x = ±4
2. -5 2. x = ±9
3. 7
3. x = ±10√10
4. -8
4. x = ±12
5. 11
5. s = ±5
6. -17
6. s = ±15/2
7. 0.4
7. h = ±7
8. ±6
8. x = 17; x = -9
9. 4/5
9. k = 10; k = -24
10. ±13/16
10. s = 8; s = - 7

LESSON 2B
What’s In! What's More
1. 2x(x – 4 ) 1. x = 0; x = -7

2. -3s (s – 3) 2. s = 0; s = -3

3. 4x ( 1 + 5x) 3. t = - 4

4. 5t (1 – 2t) 4. x = 5

5. (s + 6) (s + 2) 5. h = - 8; h = 2

6. (x – 7 (x – 3) 6. x = 7; x = -2

7. (x + 6) (x – 1) 7. r = -5/2; r = -3

8. (4r + 5) (r + 5) 8. x= ±5
9. 9(t2 – 5) 9. x = ±9/2
10. ( 2x – 7) (x + 2) 10. s = 3/2
LESSON 2C

What’s In! What's More

1. x = 5 1. x = 3; x = -1
2. s = - 24 2. s = - 7; s = 3
3. r = 37 3. t = - 9; t = -1
4. x = 23/6 4. x = - 16; x = 2
5. t = 31/7 5. x = -5 ± 2√2
6. x = 5/4 6. w = - 3 ± 2√5
7. x = - 4; x = -16
7. x = ±5/2
8. w = -9 ±2√3
8. x= 6 ; x = - 1
9. k = -1/2 ±2√3 9. x = -7/2 ±5
10. h = -3/4 ± √1/2 10. r = - 2 ± √3

LESSON 2D

What’s In! What's More

1. 3/2 1. x = - 9; x = -1
2. ½ 2. x = 7; x = 5

3. (-6 + 3√2)/4 3. x = 7; x = -2

4. (-9 - 2√6)/4 4. x = - 2; x = 6

5. 1/3 5. x = ( -7 ±√65) / 2

6. -5 6. NO REAL ROOTS

7. (5 + 5 √5) / 8 7. x = 4

8. x= 4/3
8. ( -5 + 2√3)/3
9. x = ±2√2
9. (-1 - √2) / 2

10. 1/6 10. x = (- 2 ± √5) / 2

 ASSESSMENT
1. x = - 5; x = -2

2. x = ±15/3

3. x = -6; x = -5

4. x = 7/2; x = -4

5. x = 3/2; x = -5/2

6. x = ±11/2

7. x = - 5; x = 3

8. x= - 8; x = 2

9. x = ±8

10. s = 0; s = -3

References
MATH 9 LEARNER MATERIAL

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