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Nationalism in the
Novel “El
Filibusterismo”
P R E S E N T E D B Y G R O U P 5 :
L O B I T A Ñ A , J O S H U A
T O L E N T I N O , Q U E L B I N
O M P A D , D U B B Y
H A R U N , M U R I Z V I A D E
R O M I N A , I A N J A S O N
V E N T U R I L L O , J O H N M I C H A E L
O J A , R A S W I N
E S T O Q U E , V A N
M A C A N A S , K Y L A Y S A B E L L E
C A R B O N E L L , J U S T I N E K A T E
 INTRODUCTION
“El Filibusterismo” is a seminal novel
written by the Philippine national hero, José
Rizal, and published in 1891. The novel is not
only a literary masterpiece but also a
powerful expression of nationalism during a
time when the Philippines was under
oppressive Spanish colonial rule.

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 Nationalism as SOCIAL INJUSTICE AND
a Central OPPRESSION

Theme Rizal uses the characters and plot to depict the

Nationalism is a central theme in “El
Filibusterismo,” and the novel addresses it
through multiple layers:
widespread social injustice and oppression
suffered by Filipinos under Spanish rule. This
portrayal of suffering and exploitation serves to
awaken a sense of nationalism among the
readers, prompting them to question the status
quo and desire change.

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Symbolic Character
Simoun, one of the novel’s central characters,
represents the embodiment of Filipino nationalism.
He seeks revenge against the Spanish authorities
for the wrongs done to him and his countrymen.
His character symbolizes the desire for justice and
resistance against oppression.

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Cultural Suppression
Rizal also highlights the Spanish attempts to
suppress Filipino culture and language. The
imposition of foreign customs and language
serves as a backdrop against which readers
can appreciate the importance of preserving
and celebrating their own culture, thus
fostering a sense of nationalism.

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The Role of Education
Education plays a crucial role in the novel’s
portrayal of nationalism. Basilio, another key
character, represents the transformative power
of education. His journey from a humble
student to a leader of change showcases the
potential for individuals to make a difference
through knowledge and education. This
underscores the idea that education can be a
catalyst for nationalistic sentiments.
 RESISTANCE AND
REVOLUTION

“El Filibusterismo” also delves into the theme of

resistance against oppression. Simoun’s covert
efforts to undermine the Spanish authorities and the
presence of secret societies reflect the growing
sentiment among Filipinos for a need to resist
colonial rule. The novel encourages readers to
contemplate the idea of taking action for the
betterment of the country, thereby fostering
nationalist feelings.
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Rizal’s Vision for the
Philippines
Through “El Filibusterismo,” José Rizal presents his vision
for the Philippines. He advocates for peaceful change and
reform rather than violent revolution, aligning with his belief
that education and enlightenment should be the driving forces
for national transformation. Rizal’s vision influences the
novel’s tone and the actions of its characters, emphasizing the
importance of a united and educated populace in achieving
national goals.
Legacy of “El
Filibusterismo”
The impact of “El Filibusterismo” on Philippine
society and its nationalist movement cannot be
overstated. The novel served as a source of
inspiration for the Katipunan, a revolutionary
society that played a pivotal role in the
Philippine Revolution of 1896. Rizal’s call for
change, justice, and love for one’s country left
an enduring legacy that continues to shape the
Philippines’ identity and nationalist spirit.
Contemporary
Relevance
“El Filibusterismo” remains relevant in
contemporary discussions of nationalism and
social justice. Its themes of oppression,
resistance, and the importance of education
continue to resonate with readers today,
making it a timeless source of inspiration for
those striving for positive change.

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Conclusion
“El Filibusterismo” is not just a work of
fiction, it is a powerful testament to the
enduring spirit of Filipino nationalism in the
face of colonial oppression. Through its vivid
characters, themes, and narrative, the novel
successfully promotes and embodies the ideals
of nationalism. Its legacy lives on as a
reminder of the importance of unity,
education, and peaceful resistance in the
pursuit of national self-determination and
justice.