What is Web Hosting?

Web hosting is a service that allows organizations and individuals to post a website or web page onto the
Internet. A web host, or web hosting service provider, is a business that provides the technologies and
services needed for the website or webpage to be viewed in the Internet. Websites are hosted, or stored,
on special computers called servers. When Internet users want to view your website, all they need to do
is type your website address or domain into their browser. Their computer will then connect to your
server and your webpages will be delivered to them through the browser.

Most hosting companies require that you own your domain in order to host with them. If you do not have
a domain, the hosting companies will help you purchase one.

Here are some features you should be expecting from your hosting provider:
Email Accounts As mentioned earlier, most hosting providers require users to have their own
domain name. With a domain name (e.g. www.yourwebsite.com) and email
account features provided by your hosting company, you can create domain email
accounts (e.g. yourname@yourwebsite.com).

FTP Access The use of FTP lets you upload files from your local computer to your web server.
If you build your website using your own HTML files, you can transfer the files
from your computer to the web server through FTP, allowing your website to be
accessed through the internet.

WordPress WordPress is an online website creation tool. It is a powerful blogging and website
Support content management system, which is a convenient way to create and manage
website. WordPress powers over 25% of websites on the internet. Most hosting
providers will tell you right away if their plans are WordPress-compatible or not.
The simple requirements for hosting your WordPress websites include: PHP
version 7 or greater; MySQL version 5.6 or greater.

Types of Web Hosting Services

There are various types of web hosting services available to host your website. Before signing up for
web hosting services, it is important to understand what kind of service your website needs, the kind of
server you or your business needs, your budget, and what type of services the web host offers.

Hosting options available are:

 1. Shared hosting : Shared hosting is perfect for entry-level website hosting. This is where
your website will be stored on the same server as multiple other websites. With a shared
hosting plan, all domains share the same server resources, such as RAM (Random Access
 Memory) and CPU (Central Processing Unit). However, because all resources are shared, the
cost of shared hosting plans are relatively low, making them an excellent option for website
owners in their beginning stages.

In most cases, beginners will find shared the simplest method of hosting their website; so
regardless of whether you’re a small business owner, a community group, or a stay-at-home
mom with a desire to blog, your site will be accessible on the web. Shared hosting plans often
comes with many helpful tools such as: website builders, WordPress hosting, and the ability to
email clients.
Although shared hosting provides website owners with a more simplistic approach to the web, the trade-off is
that you’re sharing the server with multiple other website owners. This means that surges in usage can
ultimately affect your website’s user experience.

Shared hosting plans are ideal for website owners that do not receive a large amount of web traffic.

2. Virtual private server (VPS) hosting

A VPS hosting plan is the ultimate middle ground between a shared server and a dedicated server. It’s ideal
for website owners that need more control, but don’t necessarily need a dedicated server.

VPS hosting is unique because each website is hosted within its own space on the server, though it still shares
a physical server with other users. While VPS hosting provides website owners with more customization and
storage space, they’re still not able to handle incredibly high traffic levels or spikes in usage meaning that the
site performance can still be affected by other sites on the server. VPS hosting is used by website owners who
want dedicated hosting but don’t have the technical knowledge needed. VPS hosting offers the cost benefits of
shared hosting with the control of dedicated hosting. A great choice for advanced users and those that want
specific software and package installations.

3. Dedicated server hosting

Dedicated hosting gives website owners the most control over the server that their website is stored on.
That’s because the server is exclusively rented by you and your website is the only one stored on it. This
means that you have full root and admin access, so you can control everything from security to operating
system that you run. All that control comes with a price.

Dedicated servers cost are one of the most expensive web hosting options. Typically, they are used by website
owners with high levels of website traffic, and those who are in need of complete control of their servers. In
addition, a high level of technical expertise is required for the installation and ongoing management of the
server.

4. Cloud hosting
Cloud hosting is the current buzzword of the technology industry. In regards to web hosting, it means many
computers working together, running applications using combined computing resources. It’s a hosting
solution that works via a network and enables companies to consume the computing resource like a utility.
 This allows users to employ as many resources as they need without having to build and maintain their own
computing infrastructure. The resources that are being used are spread across several servers, reducing the
chance of any downtime due to a server malfunction.

Cloud-based hosting is scalable, meaning your site can grow over time, using as many resources as it requires
and while the website owner only pays for what they need.

5. Managed hosting
Most hosting packages you will find online are likely to be managed. Hosting companies provide technical
services such as hardware and software setup and configuration, maintenance, hardware replacement,
technical support, patching, updating and monitoring. With managed hosting, the provider looks after the day-
to-day management of the hardware, operating systems and standardised applications.

Although there are many different options to choose from when it comes to web hosting, it all comes down to
choosing a plan that fits your needs. Each plan caters to the specifications of different groups and realizing
what your needs in a website are will help you ensure that you’re choosing the right plan for you and your
business.

6. Colocation
Instead of keeping servers in-house or at a private data centre, you may choose to ”‘co-locate” your
equipment by renting space in a colocation centre. The centre will provide the power, bandwidth, IP address
and cooling systems that your server requires. Space is rented out in racks and cabinets.

Colocation gives access to higher levels of bandwidth than a normal office server room at a much lower cost.
You’re left to your own devices (literally) and will be expected to take care of everything including the
hardware, software and services.

CPANEL: cPanel is a web-based control panel that helps you quickly and easily manage your Dot easy
website and hosting account. cPanel gives you complete control over a number of functions, including:

 SETTING UP DOMAIN EMAIL ACCOUNTS

 MANAGING WEBSITE FILES

 INSTALLING SCRIPTS AND APPLICATIONS

The top features alone allow you to fully manage your website and hosting account professionally, with
minimal experience and skills required. Learn how to use them with these articles.

1. Ease of Installation and Use

One of the most well-loved features of cPanel is the fact that it's so easy to use and install. All you need is about 20 GB of disk
space available, and you can start running the system in no time. Once cPanel is installed on your computer, you'll be able to
enjoy the straightforward graphical interface, which generally allows users to manage their daily tasks with nothing more than
a few clicks.

The fact that cPanel is so easy to use could mean that you no longer have to worry about paying out for a dedicated IT team
to manage your online assets. Instead, you can focus your resources and money on taking advantage of new opportunities.

2. Compatibility
Another great feature of cPanel is the fact that it's compatible with a range of browsers. Whether you're using Internet
Explorer, Chrome, or Safari, you shouldn't have a problem running cPanel. What's more, the system can also support a host
of third-party add-on software too, which is perfect for when you need assistance building robust and dynamic websites.
Whether you want a blog or a shopping cart, you'll be able to create it with cPanel.

The compatible nature of cPanel makes it a great choice for companies who want a system that's scalable - in case they want
to grow their online presence with time.

3. Portability
Sometimes, you need to pack up your website and move to another host. There are countless reasons for this. For instance,
you might find that you need to switch hosting providers because your current service doesn't offer the right range of add-ons.
Alternatively, you might simply want to look for something cheaper than your current package.

For those who want to keep the moving process as simple as possible, cPanel is an extremely portable solution that comes
with an excellent movability feature. This means that you can transfer your website from one hosting provider to another as
quickly and painlessly as possible.

4. Reliability and Performance

No matter what you need to accomplish with your online presence, it's important to have a control panel solution that
continues to keep you up and running no matter the circumstances. Although it's difficult to achieve complete reliability from
any tool, cPanel comes with features that make it easier to access peace of mind.

For example, cPanel has solutions that allow it to detect failed services. Once a problem has been found, cPanel automatically
restarts the service, and the latest version also comes with a clustering system to deliver more hassle-free performance.

5. Flexible Database Management

No two companies are the same, so why should you invest in a one-size-fits-all control panel? With cPanel, you can design
your MySQL database and use the system to do almost anything you like, from creating to modifying tables. You can also
import files into your database and use the PHP MyAdmin feature to backup your entire system.

6. Easy Email Functions

Want to keep everyone in your company connected? The Email functions available with cPanel are a great way to do just that.
In a world where it's important to provide your business with a professional outgoing image, cPanel has plenty of email
solutions available. With the tool, you can design and modify your own email accounts, and remove people who have left your
company too.

Additionally, cPanel also comes with features that allow you to create an email forwarding system, change passwords for
users, and even filter out spammy emails too!

7. Stronger Site Maintenance

Finally, there are lots of solutions on cPanel that allow you to achieve better, more secure site maintenance. With cPanel, you
can install, or uninstall extensions, create new error pages for your website, and add a parked domain too. Additionally, for
those in need of additional peace of mind, there is also a range of security solutions included in cPanel, such as the ability to
create protected passwords and block or allow specific IP addresses.

Registering Domain name using Control Panel

The domain control panel is a web interface that allows a domain registration holder to manage his/her
registered domain. You can use that control panel to mange the name servers, domain contacts and the
password for your registered domain. You can also manage the renewal status of your domain.

SEO stands for “search engine optimization.” It’s the practice of increasing both the quality and
quantity of website traffic, as well as exposure to your brand, through non-paid (also known as
"organic") search engine results.

Despite the acronym, SEO is as much about people as it is about search engines themselves. It’s about
understanding what people are searching for online, the answers they are seeking, the words they’re using,
and the type of content they wish to consume. Knowing the answers to these questions will allow you to
connect to the people who are searching online for the solutions you offer.

If knowing your audience’s intent is one side of the SEO coin, delivering it in a way search engine crawlers
can find and understand is the other. In this guide, expect to learn how to do both

Search engine basics

Search engines are answer machines. They scour billions of pieces of content and evaluate thousands of
factors to determine which content is most likely to answer your query.

Search engines do all of this by discovering and cataloguing all available content on the Internet (web pages,
PDFs, images, videos, etc.) via a process known as “crawling and indexing,” and then ordering it by how well
it matches the query in a process we refer to as “ranking.”

Which search results are "organic"?

organic search results are the ones that are earned through effective SEO, not paid for
(i.e. not advertising). These used to be easy to spot - the ads were clearly labeled as
such and the remaining results typically took the form of "10 blue links" listed below
them. But with the way search has changed, how can we spot organic results today?

search engine results pages — often referred to as “SERPs” — are filled with both more
advertising and more dynamic organic results formats (called “SERP features”) than
we've ever seen before. Some examples of SERP features are featured snippets (or
answer boxes), People Also Ask boxes, image carousels, etc. New SERP features
continue to emerge, driven largely by what people are seeking.
For example, if you search for "Denver weather," you’ll see a weather forecast for the
city of Denver directly in the SERP instead of a link to a site that might have that
forecast. And, if you search for “pizza Denver,” you’ll see a “local pack” result made up of
Denver pizza places. Convenient, right?

It’s important to remember that search engines make money from advertising. Their goal is to better solve
searcher’s queries (within SERPs), to keep searchers coming back, and to keep them on the SERPs longer.

Some SERP features on Google are organic and can be influenced by SEO. These include featured snippets (a
promoted organic result that displays an answer inside a box) and related questions (a.k.a. "People Also Ask"
boxes).

It's worth noting that there are many other search features that, even though they aren't paid advertising, can't
typically be influenced by SEO. These features often have data acquired from proprietary data sources, such
as Wikipedia, WebMD, and IMDb.

THE IMPORTANCE OF SEO Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is the key tool for the website
owners to get more traffic to the website. Optimization of a website is crucial to get traffic and
maintain the level over the search engine. The main aim of the search engine optimization is to get
more traffic from diverse sources and to get repetitive visitors.

 SEO plays a crucial role in online business websites as well as other interactive sites. With regular
update of content on website, SEO helps to get more traffic. There are other ways like link exchange and
subscribe to RSS Feed that are more crucial parts under SEO work.

 Based on the specific keywords SEO can generate good traffic and ultimately affect the revenue for e-
commerce site. You can see many e-commerce sites which are getting success with SEO to get more traffic.
The exchanging of link and made directory can enhance the traffic towards the site.

 It is crucial to maintain the position on the search engines like Google, yahoo and others. The SEO
ranking can be monitored by Alexa and other ranking site to monitor the position over the search engine. You
can monitor your website by getting the rank to know the status of your website.

 A Search Engine Optimizer needs to look for the new keywords and work on specific key words to get
new traffic. Many SEO tools are useful to get article or text submission automatically. A Search Engine
Optimizer must be aware about the latest tools to get submitting text over free article directories.

 Practicing website optimization with ethics is more important. There are many Search Engine
Optimizers which are using shortcuts to get the better result but ultimately they are trapping under crawler.

 The ultimate goal for the website owner and SEO is to get the traffic and appears in first five pages of
the search engine and maintain the positing online and also to get the repetitive users on their website.
 Every business and service websites need SEO to keep their position in the Google or other search
engine. It is SEO’s responsibilities to keep website as front runner in search engines.

On-page SEO

On-page SEO is the practice of optimizing individual web pages in order to rank higher and earn more
relevant traffic in search engines. On-page refers to both the content and HTML source code of a page that
can be optimized, as opposed to off-page SEO which refers to links and other external signals.

On-page SEO refers to the optimization of website structure and content – anything that is on the page (as
opposed to off-page SEO).

If you imagine SEO as a bowl of soup (our favorite metaphor), the off-page SEO covers mostly link building
and on-page SEO covers these two aspects:

 content

 technical stuff
 Crawlable website – the website is crawlable and indexed by search robots

 Site architecture – there is a clear structure and logic in the architecture of the pages

 Quality outbound links – the website is linking to high-quality external resources

 Website speed – the pages load fast on all devices

 Mobile friendliness – the page renders on every device and browser properly
  Use of HTTPS – the website is secured and has an SSL certificate

 User-friendly URLs – URL addresses are simple and UX-friendly

 Well-targeted content – the page targets a specific search intent

 Keyword optimization – the page uses relevant keywords in relevant places

 Image optimization – the images are optimized for search engines

 Readability and UX – the text is well-optimized, readable and UX-friendly

 Click-through rate – the page has optimized title tag and meta description

Off Page Search Engine Optimization :

Off page SEO refers to techniques you can use to improve the position of a web site in the search
engine results page (SERPs). Many people associate off-page SEO with link building but it is not only
that.

In general, off Page SEO has to do with promotion methods – beyond website design –for the purpose
of ranking a website higher in the search results.

FACTOR OF OFF PAGE:

o Back Links
o Domain Authority
o Social Promotion

PROGRAMMING QUESTION

1. Write a function in java script to add rows to a table.

Sample HTML file :
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head>
<meta charset=utf-8 />
<title>Insert row in a table - w3resource</title>
</head><body>
<table id="mytable" border="1">
<tr><td>Row1 cell1</td>
<td>Row1 cell2</td></tr>
<tr><td>Row2 cell1</td>
<td>Row2 cell2</td></tr>
</table><br>
<input type="button" onclick="insert_Row()" value="Insert row">
</body></html>

2. program to remove items from a dropdown list

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head>
<meta charset=utf-8 />
<title>Remove items from a dropdown list</title>
</head><body><form>
<select id="colorSelect">
<option>Red</option>
<option>Green</option>
<option>White</option>
<option>Black</option>
</select>
<input type="button" onclick="remove_color()" value="Select and Remove">
</form></body></html>

JavaScript program to count and display the items of a dropdown list,in alert box
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head>
<meta charset=utf-8 />
<style type="text/css">
body {margin: 30px;}
</style>
<title>Count and display items of a dropdown list - w3resource</title>
</head><body><form>
Select your favorite Color :
<select id="mySelect">
<option>Red</option>
<option>Green</option>
<option>Blue</option>
<option>White</option>
</select>
<input type="button" onclick="getOptions()" value="Count and Output all
items">
</form></body></html>
function sum(arr1, arr2)
{
var res = [];
var c = 0;
var x=0;

if (arr1.length === 0)
return "array1 is empty";
if (arr2.length === 0)
return "array2 is empty";

while (c < arr1.length && c < arr2.length)

{
res.push(arr1[ctr] + arr2[c]);
c++;
}

if (c === arr1.length)
{
for (x = c; x < arr2.length; x++) {
res.push(arr2[x]);
}
}
else
{
for (x = ctr; x < arr1.length; x++)
{
result.push(arr1[x]);
}
}
return res;