W-21-S1

Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur

Department of Electronics and Communication Engg.
VII Sem. B Tech (ECE)
Slot H
Time: 1 ½ Hrs.] ECL 439 Wireless Communication [ Max. marks 35
Instructions
1. Answer ALL questions. Marks and course outcome mapping are as shown.
2. Assume suitable data when necessary and clearly state the same.
3. This is an OPEN NOTES exam. You may refer to the lecture slides while attempting the
questions.
4. Determine the following numbers from your ID number.
D1 = least significant digit of your ID number
D2 = least significant two digits of your ID number
D3 = least significant three digits of your ID number
They are used in the questions below.
5. Obtain a decimal number by reversing the sequence of digits in your ID number. Convert
the resulting decimal number into a 16-bit binary number. In case there are more than 16
bits, drop the extra bits from LSB end. If the number of bits are less than 16, pad up the
pattern 010101.. as necessary, on the MSB side. This 16-bit string is referred as
BINSTRING in the questions.

Que. 1. In a mobile communication system operating at 2 GHz, maximum speed of users is 100 + (D3 /10 )
km/h. Calculate level crossing rate and average fade duration for ρ = (D2 + 100)/1000. [03][CO3]

Que. 2. The multipath intensity profile of an indoor channel is found to be as follows

Excess delay (ns) → 0 40 80 100
Channel power gain (dB) → 0 -D1 -(D1 + 10) -(D1 + 20)
The modulation scheme chosen for the channel performs the best when τrms ≤ Ts/10, where Ts is the symbol
duration. What is the maximum symbol rate possible on the channel? [04][CO3]

Que. 3. In a 1 x 4 SIMO system, the channel estimator has provided the measurement results

T
h̄= [ 0. 2 e− j 0. 3 π 0 .3 e− j0 .1 π 0 .5 e− j0 . 6 π 0. 4 e− j 0. 2 π ]
1
i) Assuming MRC receiver with constant of proportionality c= , write the coefficient vector.
‖h̄‖
ii) Let the transmitted SNR be (D1 + 10) dB. Calculate the instantaneous SNR at the output of the MR
combiner. [04][CO5]
Que. 4. At a certain point in time, the channel matrix H = [ ((D1 + 2)/12) e-j0.2π ((D2 + 10)/100) e-j0.6π]T
Given that ρ = 100 at that point, calculate the channel capacity.[04][CO4,5]

Que. 5. At a certain point in time, the channel matrix is

( ( D1 +2 ) / 12 ) e− j 0 .2 π ( ( D 2 +10 ) /100 ) e− j 0 . 6 π
H=
[ ( ( D2 + 20 ) / 120 ) e− j0 .3 π (( D 1 +10 ) /20 ) e− j 0. 1 π ]
and the received vector is

0 .33 e j0 .1 π
x̄=
[ 0 . 45 e ]
j0 . 25 π Calculate the corresponding s̄ ZF [04][CO4,5]
^
Que. 6. A communication system is using Alamouti code with QPSK constellation. The mapping rule for the
constellation is as follows

Data bit pair: 00 01 11 10

Complex symbol: 1+j -1 +j -1-j 1-j

Assuming the BINSTRING as data bits, write the sequence of complex symbols that will be emitted from each
antenna. The bits are to be transmitted in the ‘left to right’ sequence. [04][CO3,5]

Que. 7. At a certain point in time, the channel matrix is

( ( D1 +10 ) /20 ) e− j 0 . 2 π (( D2 +30 ) / 130 ) e− j 0. 6 π
H=
[ ( ( D2 + 40 ) /140 ) e− j 0. 3 π ( ( D1 + 2 ) / 12 ) e− j 0. 1 π ]
and the received vector is

0 .12 e j 0. 1 π
x̄=
[ 0 .36 e j0 .25 π ]
Assuming σs2 = 1 and σw2 = 0.01, calculate the corresponding ^s̄ MMSE [04][CO4,5]

Que. 8. The channel matrix of a 2x2 MIMO system is given as

− j 0. 1 D +1 π
( ) − j 0. 01 D +10 π
( )
H=
[ 0.4e
0.7e
1

− j0 . 001 D π
3
0.5e
0.3e
2

− j 0. 01 D +80 π
(1 ) ]
convert the system into two parallel independent channels. [04][CO4,5]
Determine the pre-coder and decoder matrices that will

Que. 9. Consider the convolutional encoder shown in Fig. 1 below. D rawstate transition and trellis
diagrams. Show the path in the trellis that will be taken when BINSTRING is applied as input to the
encoder. Assume zero initial state and bit-stream splitter applies two bits to the two flip-flops at the
same time. (Co-incident working). [04][CO3]

Fig. 1