Joshua Mangca

GEC108

INCA Civilization

The Inca civilization thrived in ancient Peru

from approximately 1400 to 1533 CE. During
this period, the Inca Empire expanded its
influence, spanning across western South
America from Quito in the north to Santiago in
the south. It stood as the largest empire ever
witnessed in the Americas and held the
distinction of being the world's largest empire
at that time.

The Incas displayed remarkable resilience in the face of the challenging Andean environment. They
conquered diverse regions such as plains, mountains, deserts, and tropical jungles, harnessing the
resources and people of these areas. Renowned for their distinctive art and architecture, the Incas
constructed magnificent and imposing structures wherever they exerted their control. Their impressive
ability to adapt natural landscapes is exemplified by their creation of terraces, highways, and
mountaintop settlements, leaving a lasting impression on modern-day visitors who marvel at iconic sites
like Machu Picchu. At their most powerful, the Inca had the largest empire in the world at the time—
today, it’s still the largest empire to ever exist in the Americas. Stretching from modern-day
southern Colombia to southern Chile, they ruled over western South America from the Andes to the
Pacific Ocean. Although Spain conquered the Inca Empire in 1533, many Inca people retreated into the
mountains, where their culture, language, and practices remain today.

Source: https://www.worldhistory.org/Inca_Civilization/

MAYA Civilization