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OTEC Demonstration Facility

in Kumejima (Okinawa pref., Japan)

Okinawa Prefectural Deep Sea Water

Research Institute, since June 2000

13 September, 2013
4 th Ocean Energy Workshop, Kona

Place: Kumejima

Kumejima (Kume Island)

Area ： 63.50 km2
Population: approx. 8500

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Okinawa Prefectural Deep Sea Water Research Center

and Business Park

Business Park Using DSW

‐ Young Prawn Culture
‐Seaweed Culture
‐ Cosmetics Factory

Okinawa Prefectural DSW

Research Institute

DSW Pump-up Capacity: 13,000 ton/day, the Largest Capacity in Japan.

Okinawa Prefectural Deep Sea Water Research Center and Business Park

Annual Output of DSW

related Business: approx.
20 million USD
With 300 employees, which is
one of the largest industry in
Kumejima.

2.035
4
Billion yen is roughly equivalent to 21 Million US
Dollars @ 97.78 rate 出典： 久⽶島海洋深層⽔複合利⽤基本調査 報告書
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Kumejima as OTEC Site

Kumejima： Temperature
Difference between SSW and
DSW(1000m) : 20.5℃

OTEC favorable Sites

Fig.: Temperature Difference between Surface Seawater and Deep Seawater

Kumejima as OTEC Site

Kumejima Electricity
Population: approx. 8.500
Power Plant: Kumejima Power Plant
久⽶島
Capacity 18,500kW
Diesel Engine Generator (HFO)

Water Temperature [deg-C]

0 10 20 30
0

100

200
2.5km for 600m depth
300
5km for 800m depth
400
Depth [m]

500

600

700

800

900

1000
February August Average 6
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Location

OTEC Demo. Facility Location

(in Okinawa Prefecture Deep
Seawater Research Institute)

General Arrangement

Power Generation Units

Unit-A－For Demonstration of
Power Generation Red Line: Surface SW (New)
Unit-B－For Experiments for Blue Line: Deep SW (New)
Elemental Technologies

Monitoring and Control

Space: Located in the
Unit
Evaporator Unit
Grid connection in the
Condenser Unit
existing electric room

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OTEC Demonstration Facility in Kumejima (Okinawa)

Power Generation Unit

Unit A for >Working Fluid: R134a
Power Generation Unit B for >Thermo Cycle: Rankine
Demonstration Experiments on >Evaporator and Condenser:
(max.50kW) various conditions Titanium Plate HEX (Cross Flow)
(50kW size without >Turbine Generator (Unit-A):
Turbine Generator) 50kW, 400V, 33000rpm radial
turbine and high frequency
generator with frequency
conditioner

Evaporator A Monitoring
and Control
Condenser A
Space
Evaporator B Condenser B

OTEC Demonstration Facility in Kumejima (Okinawa)

Deep and Surface Water System

SURFACE WATER
• Flow Rate: Max.
13,000 t/d (540t/h)
by the existing SW
intake pipe and pump
• Temperature:
annual ave. 25.8
oC,

SURFACE summer 29oC,

WATER winter 23oC

DEEP WATER
DEEP • Flow Rate: Max.
WATER 13,000 t/d (540t/h)
by the existing SW
intake pipe and pump
• Intake Depth: 612m
by the existing SW
intake pipe
• Temperature:
annual ave. 9oC

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Seawater Flow BEFORE OTEC

LL HL Switch
Switch

L L

UP‐DOWN Repeated

Pump Starts when Tank LL

Pump Stops when Tank HL within This Range

Rooftop Tank

Use in Research
Institute

Use in Private
Companies
SW
From Intake Pipe Intake Pump Discharge

Seawater Flow AFTER OTEC

*) Priority is put on the existing user of seawater during automatic control mode

Level Sensor
L L L
UP‐DOWN Repeated
Flow Control Valve

within This Range

Controlled at Constant
OTEC Level
Rooftop Tank
Use in Research
Institute
M

1. Auto ‐ Constant Tank Level

2. Auto ‐ Constant Flow Rate Use in Private
3. Manual Opening Degree Set. Companies
SW
From Intake Pipe Intake Pump Discharge
Continuous Operation
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Seawater Flow in the OTEC Facility

Unit‐A Unit‐B

Flow Mode: (1) Cascade (A‐> B), (2) Cascade (B > A), (3) Parallel, (4) A only (B bypass),
(5) B only (A bypass)

WF Flow in the OTEC Facility

Turbine

Mist Separator

Condenser

Evaporator

Working Fluid
Pump

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To p i c : W o r k i n g F l u i d
 The facility was designed and manufactured for both HFC134a
and Ammonia.
 The current working fluid: HFC134a
Japanese deregulation for small binary power generation
facility in April, 2012
For facilities fulfilling the all Deregulation about the below
conditions below: requirements:
 Heat source: hot water or steam in • Submission of various documents
atmospheric pressure • Inspection by certified authority
 Working Fluid: Inert gas regarding both equipment and whole
 Structure preventing people from facility
anoxia in case of leakage • Distance from public street/road or
 Design temperature < 250 deg‐C building outside
 Design pressure < 2MPa • Stationed personnel with national
 Power output < 300kW certification about boiler and turbine
 Turbine and Generator are in a body
 Shelter or equivalent against turbine Next Step (1MW):
accident
Ammonia will be used

Heat Exchanger
Cross Flow Plate Heat Exchanger
Working Fluid

Next Step (1MW):

 Same plate size
 Increase the number of
plates per unit
 4 or 5 units for each
evaporator and condenser Seawater
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Tu r b i n e G e n e ra t o r a n d W F P u m p
Turbine
Radial, 33000 rpm, without reduction
WF Pump
gear
Commercialized canned type
Generator
(manufacturer: Nikkiso)
50kW 400V, 550Hz (33000rpm) with
frequency conditioner

Next Step (1MW): Next Step (1MW):

Radial Turbine & Generator with Same type commercialized pump,
R.Gear Already Commercialized for with more common SPEC (larger
Binary Power Plants capacity, but almost same head)

< < P R b y K u m e j i m a To w n O f f i c e > >

For More Details, Please Visit Kume Island !

http://kumeguide.com/

Native English Speaker Guide Is Available Now!

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History

Mile Stones

Jan. 2013 Feb. 2013 Mar. 2013 Apr. 2013 May. 2013 Jun. 2013

15 Apr. 16 Jun.
28 Jan. Official Opening Ceremony
Construction Operation
Started at Site Starts
30 Mar. / 1st Power Generation Test Succeeded
Surface Water: 23.5 oC, 330t/h
Deep Water: 9.3 oC, 250t/h
Power Output: 3.1kW (for Test)

History

28 Jan. Kanegusuku Port, Kumejima

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History

30 Jan. The Site, Kumejima

History

1 Feb. The Site, Kumejima

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History

4 Feb. The Site, Kumejima

History

8 Feb. The Site, Kumejima

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History

11 Feb. The Site, Kumejima

History

8 Mar. The Site, Kumejima

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History

8 Apr. The Site, Kumejima

Operation

Manual Experiment for Automatic Operation

Basic Data Gathering (DCS)
600
Operation Hour [h/month]

500

400

300

200

100

0
April May Jun July August
Continuous Data Gathering
per 1 Second as CSV form

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Operation

Achieved up to the Present

 Continuous Automatic Operation of Unit‐B (Unit for
Experiment) : 2weeks (continuing now)
 Continuous Automatic Operation of Unit‐A with Turbine
Generator Bypassed: 2weeks (continuing now)
 Comparison: Simulation vs. Actual Operation in various
conditions
 15kW Electric Power when approx.40% Load (30‐40%
seawater can be used continuously)
To do next
 Continuous Automatic Operation of Unit‐A with Power
Generation Connected with Grid
 Larger Power Generation Using More Seawater

Analysis “For Next Stage!”

SPEC of Each Equipment

Recorded Actual Data
• DSW Temperature (In)
• DSW Flow Rate
• SSW Temperature (In)
• SSW Flow Rate
Simulation
• Evaporator Performance
• Condenser Performance
• Thermal Cycle Calculation

Recorded Actual Data Simulation Result

• Pressure at Each Point
• Temperature at Each Point
• DSW Disch. Temperature
• SSW Disch. Temperature
• ΔP at Evaporator and
Condenser
• Pressure and Temperature at
Each Point
• DSW Disch. Temperature
• SSW Disch. Temperature
Comparison • ΔP at Evaporator and
Condenser

Verification of Reliability of the Simulation

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Analysis “For Next Stage!”

Design Parameters for Larger Plant

Simulation based Design

And Optimization
• Evaporator Performance
• Condenser Performance
• Thermal Cycle Calculation

 Estimation on Power Output

in High Reliability
 Reduction of Technical Risk
for Larger Plant

Education “For Future”

 Over 100 Students and Children Have Visited the Facility in this 4
months.
 System Configuration of OTEC Is Similar to Conventional Steam Turbine
Power Plant such as Coal Fired Thermal or Nuclear…Basic Concept of
Power Generation Can Be Learned.
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Peopleʼs Awareness

 One of the Most Popular TV Show in Japan Introduces OTEC focusing on

This Project: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gOMe6hWHokc
 Appearances of OTEC in TV Programs and Newspapers Increases
Dramatically after Start of this Project.

Kume Islandʼs Future Plan

1MW OTEC: 10MW OTEC:

Sustainable Promotion of For 100% Renewable Energy
Deep SW Industries with Island … As a “Model” Island
100% Renewable Energy for Tropical Area

Available Area for Future Expansion

・ DSW Aquiculture
・ DSW Agriculture
・ Advanced Research Center
・ Education

We believe this project contributes to acceleration of OTEC

commercialization leading sustainability in Hawaii, Okinawa and
Other Tropical Island!
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