Oxidation number chart of all elements pdf

Oxidation numbers periodic table. Oxidation number rules.

Atomic #Electronic Shell #SymbolNameAtomic WeightMetalsNonMetalsLanthanoidsHalogensNobel gasActinoids Name Symbol Oxidation number hydrogen H+1 +1 lithium Li+1 +1 sodium Na+1 +1 potassium K+1 +1 rubidium Rb+1 +1 cesium Cs+1 +1 copper (I) Cu+1 +1 gold (I) Au+1 +1 silver Ag+1 +1 thallium (I) Tl+1 +1 mercury (I) Hg2+2
+1 beryllium Be+2 +2 calcium Ca+2 +2 magnesium Mg+2 +2 strontium Sr+2 +2 barium Ba+2 +2 radium Ra+2 +2 cadmium Cd+2 +2 mercury (II) Hg+2 +2 cobalt (II) Co+2 +2 copper (II) Cu+2 +2 iron (II) Fe+2 +2 lead (II) Pb+2 +2 tin (II) Sn+2 +2 chromium (II) Cr+2 +2 nickel (II) Ni+2 +2 zinc Zn+2 +2 manganese (II) Mn+2 +2 boron B+3 +3
aluminum Al+3 +3 gallium Ga+3 +3 indium In+3 +3 thallium (III) Tl+3 +3 scandium Sc+3 +3 iron (III) Fe+3 +3 chromium (III) Cr+3 +3 nickel (III) Ni+3 +3 cobalt (III) Co+3 +3 gold (III) Au+3 +3 titanium (III) Ti+3 +3 tin (IV) Sn+4 +4 lead (IV) Pb+4 +4 titanium (IV) Ti+4 +4 carbon C+4 +4 silicon Si+4 +4 germanium Ge+4 +4 manganese (IV)
Mn+4 +4 fluoride F-1 -1 chloride Cl-1 -1 bromide Br-1 -1 iodide I-1 -1 hydride H-1 -1 oxide O-2 -2 sulfide S-2 -2 selenide Se-2 -2 telluride Te-2 -2 nitride N-3 -3 phosphide P-3 -3 carbide C-4 -4 Oxidation number of an atom is an important section in chemistry because according to the oxidation number, properties of compounds are changed widely.
Some elements in the periodic table have only one oxidation number or two or more oxidation numbers. Some elements such as Manganese have several oxidation numbers.
Oxidation number of an atom in a compound can be positive or negative or may be zero. In sodium compounds, sodium's only oxidation number is +1 (NaCl, NaBr, Na2CO3). But some types of atoms such as chlorine shows various oxidation numbers like -1, 0, +1, +3, +5, +7 oxidation numbers in compounds. Content Important facts of oxidation
numbers Oxidation number of an atom can be positive or negative or may be zero More than one oxidation numbers of an element What is the oxidation number when an element has not combined or do not form a compound Oxidation number of an atom when an element has combined with the same element Table: oxidation numbers of according to
the atomic number, first 20 elements Oxidation states of s block Hydrogen Alkali Metals - Group 1 Alkali Earth Metals - Group 2 Oxidation states of p block elements Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Group 7, Halogen series Oxidation states of 3d metals Important facts of oxidation numbers In this chapter, we discuss very important facts about
oxidation numbers with examples with different compounds. Oxidation number of an atom can be positive or negative or may be zero We know metals release electrons to form cations. Therefore metals always form positive oxidation numbers. But non metals such as sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine can show both positive or negative oxidation numbers.
Some elements can show more than one oxidation states. Specially d block elements show this behavior in chemistry. Examples to more than one oxidation numbers of a element Chlorine : -1 , 0 , +1 , +3 , +5 , +7 Manganese : 0 , +2 , +4 , +7 Oxidation number when an element has not combined or do not form a compound When an element has not
combined, it's oxidation number is 0 because no electron transfer is occurred. Example: Gold (Ag) is found as a pure metal in the nature because Gold is very low reactive metal. In such cases, oxidation number of gold is 0. When an element has combined with same kind element, it's oxidation number becomes 0. Ex: oxidation number of Bromine in
Br2 molecule is 0. Table: oxidation numbers of first 20 elements in the periodic table according to the atomic number Here we are going to summarize oxidation numbers of all elements in the periodic table into one table. NOTE: * is for rare oxidation number Atomic Number Element Oxidation numbers 1 Hydrogen -1 , 0 , +1 2 Helium 0 3 Lithium +1
4 Beryllium +2 5 Boron +3 6 Carbon -4 , -3 , -2 , -1 , 0 , +1 , +2 , +3 , +4 7 Nitrogen -5 , -4 , -3 , -2 , -1 , 0 , +1 , +2 , +3 8 Oxygen -2 , -1 , 0 , +1 , +2 9 Fluorine -1 , 0 10 Neon 0 11 Sodium +1 12 Magnesium +2 13 Aluminium +3 14 Silicon 0 , +4 15 Phosphorous 0 , +1 , +3 , +5 16 Sulfur -2 , 0 , +2 , +4 , +6 17 Chlorine -1 , 0 , +1 , +3 , +5 , +7 18
Argon 0 19 Potassium +1 20 Calcium +2 Oxidation numbers of group 1 group 2 elements are studied here. Hydrogen forms three oxidation states, -1 , 0 , +1. Oxidation number 0 occurs only in hydrogen molecule. -1 oxidation state of hydrogen atom - Examples When hydrogen forms compounds with metals, hydrogen's oxidation number is -1. Sodium
hydride (NaH) and Calcium hydride (CaH2) are some examples. +1 oxidation number of hydrogen atom When carbon form compounds with non-metal elements, oxidation number of hydrogen become +1 in most occasions. Methane: CH4 - Electronegativity of carbon is higher than hydrogen. So hydrogen is oxidized and oxidation number is +1. Alkali
metals (except hydrogen) remove one electron to form +1 ion. So only oxidation number of alkali metals is +1.

So Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium have only single oxidation number is +1. As alkali metals, alkali earth metals only form +2 oxidation state. Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium have +2 oxidation number. Oxidation states of p block elements In this section, we will discuss oxidation numbers of p block elements group
by group. Though several elements included in one group, those elements show different oxidation numbers. Group three elements are Boron, Aluminium, Galleum, Indium and Thallium. Boron Boron shows +3 oxidation state. Aluminium (Aluminum) Aluminium is a metal. So it removes it's three electrons of the last shell to show +3 oxidation number.
Some examples for +3 oxidation states of aluminium are AlCl3 and Al2O3.
Oxidation numbers of carbon changes from -4 to +4. -4: CH4 - Methane -3: CH3CH3 - Ethane -2: CH3Cl -1: ClCH2CH2Cl 0 : CH2Cl2 +1: CH3-CHO - Carbonyl carbon has the +1 oxidation state. +2: CHCl3 +3: CH3-COOH - Carboxylic acid carbon atom has the +3 oxidation number. +4: CCl4 , CO2 Group 5 includes Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Arsenic,
Antimony and Bismuth. Oxidation number variation change when going down the group. Nitrogen Nitrogen has various oxidation numbers from -3 to +5. Phosphorous also have various oxidation numbers from -3 to +5. -3: Na3P, Ca3P2, PH3 -0: P8 , P4 -+1: H3PO2 +3: P2O3 , H3PO3 +5: H3PO4 , Na3PO4 , P2O5 We are going to discuss about
oxidation numbers of oxygen and sulfur under group 6 elements. Oxygen has the second highest electronegative value in periodic table. So in most occasions, oxidation number of oxygen is negative. Oxygen only forms positive oxidation numbers when it combine with fluorine. +2: In F2 0: Oxygen molecule (O2) -1: Example for -1 oxidation state is
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). -2: Most common oxidation number of oxygen is -2. Na2O, MgO, H2O are examples to -2 oxidation state of oxygen. Sulfur is another p block element which has different oxidation numbers.
-2: Na2S , H2S 0: S8 +4: SO2 , H2SO3 +6: H2SO4 , BaSO4 Group 7 has Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine and Astatine as elements. These metals show variable oxidation numbers. FLuorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table.
Therefore.
fluorine atom does not make positive oxidation numbers at all. 0: Fluorine gas (F2) -1: Hydrogen fluoride (Hydrofluoric acid / HF) Chlorine also have lot of oxidation numbers. (from -1 to +7) -1: HCl , NaCl 0: Cl2 gas +1 : HOCl , NaClO +3: NaClO2 +5: NaClO3 +7: NaClO4 , HClO4 Oxidation states of 3d metals Most of the 3d metals have variable
oxidation numbers. As an example, iron have two oxidation numbers, +2 and +3. Zinc has only one oxidation number, +2. 3d Metal Oxidation state Sc +3 Ti +2 , +3 ,+4 Va +2 , +3 , +4 , +5 Cr +2 , +3 , +6 Mn +2 , +4 , +6 , +7 Fe +2 , +3 Co 2 , +3 Ni +2 Cu +1 , +2 Zn +2 Let's take an example. FeCl2 - green FeCl3 - brown Sulfur and chlorine and
are positioned at 6th and 7th groups of the periodic table. So there are six and seven electrons at their final energy levels respectively. These electrons can be combined with oxygen to form different compounds. Some examples are discussed below.
Sulfur gives its all last six electrons to make sulfuric acid molecule (+6 oxidation state). Chlorine can give seven electrons to make chloric acid to show +7 oxidation number.
Chlorine can take one electron to form chloride anion.(-1 oxidation state). Sulfur can take two electrons to form sulfide anion.

(-2 oxidation state). Common oxidation states of sulfur Common Oxidation State Example Compound -2 H2S 0 Elemental sulfur (S8) +4 SO2 +6 SO3 , H2SO4 Common Oxidation State Example Compound -1 HCl 0 Cl2 +1 HOCl +3 HClO2 +5 HClO3 +7 HClO4 Charge of hypochlorite ion OCl- is -1. So we can calculate oxidation number of chlorine. -2 +
x = -1 x = +1 oxidation number of chlorine in Ca(OCl)2 is +1. Oxidation number and charge of ion is not equal at every time.
Na+ ion's oxidation number (+1) and charge of ion(+1) are same. Cl- ion oxidation number and charge of ion are same. But in KMnO4, oxidation number of manganese atom is +7. But manganese did not form a +7 ion in KMnO4.

Chromium does not form +6 ion. But in K2CrO4, oxidation number of chromium is +6. Silicon sulfide (SiS2) contain silicon and sulfur atoms. Because you want to find the negative oxidation number, find which element's electronegativity is greater? Elecronegativity of sulfur is 2.5 and silicon's 1.8 . Therefore, sulfur is more electronegative than
silicon. Thus, sulfur should have the negative oxidation number (-2). As a metal, manganese have +7 oxidation number. Some example compounds for +7 are Potassium permanganate ( KMnO4 ), Mn2O7 As a non-metal, chlorine forms +7 oxidation number. HClO4, Cl2O7 are examples for +7 oxidation number of chlorine. Fluorine has the zero or
negative oxidation number always because fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table. So it always gains an electron when fluorine combines with different element to form -1 oxidation number. Fluorine form zero oxidation number in F2 molecule. In NaF and HF, oxidation number of fluorine is -1. Chlorine gas (oxidation number
0) reacts with cold dilute NaOH or hot concentrated NaOH to give +1 and +5 oxidation states of chlorine atom respectively. Only hydrogen shows variable oxidation numbers. All other elements show single oxidation numbers. Group 1 elements show +1 oxidation state and group 2 elements show +2 oxidation state. Group VII elements form highest
oxidation numbers. From group VII, chlorine form +7 oxidation number.
Both manganese and chlorine have +7 oxidation number. In potassium permanganate ( KMnO4) and HMnO4, manganese oxidation number is +7. Chlorine forms chloric acid (HClO4) to show +7 oxidation number.
When oxidation number increases, acidity strength also increases.
Consider acidity of different oxides of nitrogen. N2O and NO are neutral acidic gases and other oxides of nitrogen ( N2O3, NO2, N2O4 and N2O5 ) are acidic. N2O5 is a strong acidic compound. Related Tutorials This periodic table contains the atomic number, element symbol, element name, atomic weights and oxidation numbers. Todd Helmenstine
This periodic table contains the oxidation numbers of the elements. Bold numbers represent the more common oxidation states. Values in italics represent theoretical or unconfirmed oxidation numbers. This table also contains the element number, element symbol, element name and atomic weights of each element. This periodic table in PDF format
can be downloaded from here. The above image in a 1920x1080 PNG format can be downloaded as a wallpaper for PCs, Macintosh or mobile devices here. A color version of this periodic table and additional downloadable periodic tables for wallpapers or printing can be found here.
The oxidation number refers to the electrical charge of an atom.
Typically, this relates to the number of electrons that must be gained (negative oxidation number) or lost (positive oxidation number) for the atom's valence electron shell to be filled or half-filled. However, most metals are capable of multiple oxidation states. For example, iron common has an oxidation number of +2 or +3. Halogens, on the other
hand, have an oxidation state of -1.