Organisation of

the Organism
By: Vitek, Ahmet, Ben
 Table of Contents
01 Cell Structure & Organisation
-Cell Structures & Functions of Cellular Structures

Specialised Cells 04 Use of Materials

02
-Specialised Animal & Plant Cells - Igcse style questions

Size of Specimens
03
-Magnification
 01
Cell Structure
& Organisation
Cell Structures & Functions of
Cellular Structures
 Parts of the Animal Cell
Nucleus
Contains Genetic
Information
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the
Cytoplasm cell
Supports Cell
Structure
Membrane
Holds the cell
Ribosomes together
Site of protein
synthesis
 Parts of the Plant Cell
Chloroplast
Nucleus Site of Cell Wall
Contains genetic photosynthesis Defines cell shape and
information gives extra support

Mitochondria Membrane
Powerhouse of the Holds the cell
cell together

Cytoplasm Vacuole Ribosomes

Supports cell Contains cell sap and Site of protein
structure used for storage synthesis
 Differences between:
Animals Cells Plants Cells
● Nucleus ● Nucleus
● Cell Membrane ● Cell Membrane
● Ribosomes ● Cell Wall
● Mitochondrion ● Ribosomes
● Cytoplasm ● Mitrochondrion
● Cytoplasm
● Vacuole
● Chloroplast
 Functions of the Cell Parts
Cell Structure Function (Job) Cell Structure Function (Job)

Contains genetic Contains cell sap and

Nucleus Vacuole
information used for storage

Supports cell Site of

Cytoplasm Chloroplast
structure photosynthesis

Powerhouse of the Defines cell shape and

Mitochondria Cell Wall
cell gives extra support

Holds the cell Site of protein

Cell Membrane Ribosomes
together synthesis
02
Specialised
Cells
Specialised Animal & Plant Cells
Specialised
Animal Cells
 Ciliated Cell
Nucleus
Contains Genetic
Information
Mucus
Cytoplasm
Supports Cell
Structure
Membrane
Holds the cell
Mitochondria together
Powerhouse of the
cell
 Nucleus Nerve Cell
Contains Genetic
Information
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm Site of protein
synthesis
Supports Cell
Structure
Membrane
Holds the cell
Mitochondria together
Powerhouse of the
cell

Myelin Sheath
Insulates Nerve Cell
with a Fatty Sheat
 Sperm Cell
Nucleus
Acrosome
Contains Genetic
Information

Mitochondria
Flagellum Membrane
Powerhouse of the
cell Holds the cell
together

Cytoplasm
Supports Cell
Structure
 Red Blood Cell
Cytoplasm
Supports Cell
Structure
Bioncave Shape
Lack of Nucleus

Membrane
Holds the cell
together
 Egg Cell (Ovum)
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the
cell Membrane
Holds the cell
Nucleus together

Contains Genetic
Information Follicle Cells
Protective casing
around the egg
Cytoplasm
Supports Cell Yolk Droplets
Structure
Nutrient-bearing
portion of the egg
Specialised
Plant Cells
 Ribosomes Root Hair Cell
Site of protein
synthesis
Membrane
Holds the cell
Cell Wall
Nucleus together Defines cell shape and
Contains genetic gives extra support
information

Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the
cell Root Hair

Vacuole
Cytoplasm
Contains cell sap and
Supports cell used for storage
structure
Xylem Vessel
Lignin

Column of Water
 Palisade Mesophyll Cell
Ribosomes
Site of protein Vacuole
synthesis Contains cell sap and
used for storage
Nucleus
Contains genetic Cell Wall
information
Defines cell shape and
Mitochondria gives extra support
Powerhouse of the
cell Chloroplast
Site of
Cytoplasm photosynthesis
Supports cell
structure
 03
Size of
Specimens
Magnification
Magnification
1000

I 1 mm 1000 μm

A M 1000
04
Use of Material
- Igcse Style Questions
The diagram shows a palisade
mesophyll cell from a green leaf

In which labelled part does photosynthesis

occur and where is starch stored?
Which of the following rows describes a
root hair cell?
The actual thickness of the leaf shown in the diagram is
2000 μm, but its thickness in the diagram is 50 mm.

What is the magnification of the diagram?

A. x0.025 B. x25 C X100 D. x100000

1000

1 mm 1000 μm

1000
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