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Building a Three Channel EQ on a Breadboard

by ENGL314-3 on April 8, 2013

Table of Contents

Building a Three Channel EQ on a Breadboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Intro: Building a Three Channel EQ on a Breadboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Step 1: Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Step 2: The Breadboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Step 3: Placing Resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Step 4: Placing Capacitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Step 5: Placing Potentiometers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Step 6: OP AMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Step 7: Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

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http://www.instructables.com/id/Building-a-Three-Channel-EQ-on-a-Breadboard/
Intro: Building a Three Channel EQ on a Breadboard
This Instructable will show you how to build a three channel audio equalizer on a breadboard An audio equalizer is a device used to regulate the tone or frequency
response of an audio system to reach the desired sound quality. Equalizers are used in home stereo systems, loudspeakers, microphones, etc. They can be used to
cancel out unwanted sounds. This Instructable will show you how to wire an audio equalizer using resistors, capacitors, and potentiometers on a breadboard, along with
how to test your finished product. This simple, easy to understand guide to building an audio equalizer is great for any expertise level, beginner to guru.
Digi-key or Mouser are good sites to find all these parts. They are pretty cheap too.
Good Luck!

http://www.instructables.com/id/Building-a-Three-Channel-EQ-on-a-Breadboard/
 Image Notes
1. IC1
2. R11

3. R11, C6
4. C7, R13
5. C8
6. C1
7. C2
8. C3
9. R3
10. R9
11. R1, R10, R2
12. R6
13. R4, C4, R5
14. R7, C5, R8

Step 1: Parts List

Five 10K ohm resistors
Two 3.3K ohm resistors
Two 1.8k ohm resistors
One 270 ohm resistor
Two 100k ohm changeable resistors
One 500k ohm changeable resistor
One 33uf capacitor
One 0.1uf capacitor
One 22nf capacitor
One 4.7nf capacitor
One 1nf capacitor
One 741 op amp
12V Power supply
Several wires
One breadboard
To understand the electronic color code for the resistors, please visit the website http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_color_code.

Image Notes
1. R3

2. R9

3. R1, R10, R2
4. R4, C4, R5
5. R7, C5, R8
6. C1, C2, C3
7. C8
8. C7

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 9. R13
10. R6
11. R11
12. R12, C6

Step 2: The Breadboard

Breadboard and connection

A breadboard is a tool to make up circuits for testing. Breadboards have many tiny holes arranged on a 0.1" grid. The top and bottom rows are linked all the holes
horizontally across as shown between red and blue lines on the diagram. The other holes are linked vertically. Each five blocks are connected with no link across the
center. Now you can connection depend on Figure 2 below.

Note: When you are trying to put parts on breadboard, please do not connect their positions depending on the circuit diagram, because the arrangement of components
on breadboard will look quite different from the circuit diagram.

Step 3: Placing Resistors

Now that you have all of the parts, we’ll start with the resistors. A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit
element.

R1 – 10K (brown, black, orange)

R2 – 10K (brown, black, orange)
R4 – 3.3K (orange, orange, red)
R5 – 3.3K (orange, orange, red)
R7 – 1.8K (brown, grey, red)
R8 – 1.8K (brown, grey, red)
R10 – 10K (brown, black, orange)
R 11 – 10K (brown, black, orange)
R12 – 10K (brown, black, orange)
R13 – 270? (red, purple, brown)

- Find the right resistor and put the leads into the breadboard holes

Image Notes
1. 3.3k Resistors

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 2. 10K Resistors
3. 270 Ohm Resistor
4. 1.8K Resistors

Step 4: Placing Capacitors

Now let’s put on the capacitors. A capacitor is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy in an electric field. (Wikipedia)
The breadboard associated with this step has both the resistors and capacitors attached.

C1 – 47 nF
C2 – 4.7 nF
C3 – .47 nF
C4 – 22 nF
C5 – 4.7 nF
C6 – 33 µF (Be sure to place the leads of this capacitor into the breadboard correctly.)
C7 – 1 nF
C8 – 0.1 µF

Find the right capacitor and place it in the corresponding breadboard holes from the pictures.

Image Notes
1. 33uF Capacitor, be careful, the longer bent terminal is the positove terminal, the
direction matters in this case
2. 4.7nF Capacitor
3. 0.47nF Capacitor
4. Assorted Capacitors, please refer to www.wikihow.com/Read-Capacitor
to understand how to read them.

Step 5: Placing Potentiometers

Next are the potentiometers. A potentiometer is a three-terminal resistor with a sliding contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider. (Wikipedia)
R3 – 100K
R6 – 100K
R9 – 500K

http://www.instructables.com/id/Building-a-Three-Channel-EQ-on-a-Breadboard/
Step 6: OP AMP
In this audio equalizer, we use the 741 op amp . It is an integrated circuit and it use 8 pin dual in-line packages, which can easily plug into the breadboard. There is no
specific ground connection. For each of the circuits, use op amp power supply voltages of 12V. The pin arrangements for the op-amps are shown below. Be sure to look
at the completed breadboard to see placing the op amp in its correct position.

Step 7: Testing
- Checking and Testing
- Make sure all wires’ connections are correct
- Check resistors and capacitors are the correct way round
- Check that no leads are touching
- Connect the breadboard to a 12V supply and test the circuit.
- If your circuit does not work turn off the power supply and re-check every connection very carefully based on Figure 2

Image Notes
1. R3

2. R9

3. R1, R10, R2
4. R4, C4, R5
5. R7, C5, R8
6. C1, C2, C3
7. C8
8. C7
9. R13
10. R6
11. R11
12. R12, C6

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