Name : Mohamad Ilham Dwi Firmansyah

Nrp : 6002201015
Lecture : Numerical Computation (3sks)
Assignment

1. Do using the Rungge-Kutta method order 4 to get y(−10.5) where it is know

dy x2 + y 2
= , y(1) = 1, h = −0.25
dx y
dy
2. Use the theta(θ) method for θ = 0.5 to solve for the numeric of = 3xy − y 2 , y(1) = 0
dx
and find y(0.4) using h = −0.05

3. Calculate y(10.5) uring theta(θ) method for θ = 0.5 for h = 0.25 where it is known
d2 y
= x − y, y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 0.
dx2
Solution
1. Let
dy x2 + y 2
= = f (x, y)
dx y
so the value of y(−10.5) using Runge kutta method orde-4
1
yn+1 = yn + (k1 + 2k2 + 2k3 + k4 )
6
where  2
xn + yn2

k1 = hf (xn , yn ) = (−0.25)
yn
(xn + (0.5)(−0.25))2 + (yn + (0.5)k1 )2
   
h k1
k2 = hf xn + , yn + = −(0.25)
2 2 yn + (0.5)k1
(xn + (0.5)(−0.25))2 + (yn + (0.5)k2 )2
   
h k2
k3 = hf xn + , yn + = −(0.25)
2 2 yn + (0.5)k2
(xn + (−0.25))2 + (yn + (0.5)k2 )2
 
k4 = hf (xn + h, yn + k3 ) = −(0.25)
yn + k3
Because x0 = 1 to xn = −10.5 with h = −0.25 so we obtained 46 iteration. Using Ms.
Excel we get iteration table result

Iteration h xn yn k1 k2 k3 k4 yn+1
0 -0,25 1,0000 1,0000 -0,5000 -0,4427 -0,4405 -0,3912 0,5571
1 -0,25 0,7500 0,5571 -0,3917 -0,3607 -0,3534 -0,3578 0,1941
2 -0,25 0,5000 0,1941 -0,3705 -3,9543 0,4655 -0,1886 -1,0620
3 -0,25 0,2500 -1,0620 0,2802 0,2347 0,2403 0,2054 -0,8227
4 -0,25 0,0000 -0,8227 0,2057 0,1854 0,1879 0,1833 -0,6335
5 -0,25 -0,2500 -0,6335 0,1830 0,2004 0,1992 0,2525 -0,4277
6 -0,25 -0,5000 -0,4277 0,2531 0,3996 0,4855 -2,4469 -0,4983
7 -0,25 -0,7500 -0,4983 0,4068 0,7228 1,4324 -0,5012 0,2044
8 -0,25 -1,0000 0,2044 -1,2744 0,8392 -0,6631 0,9663 0,2117
 9 -0,25 -1,2500 0,2117 -1,8979 0,8254 -0,9130 0,9774 0,0291
10 -0,25 -1,5000 0,0291 -19,3271 2,4771 -0,8377 1,1490 -2,4541
11 -0,25 -1,7500 -2,4541 0,9255 0,9392 0,9390 1,0388 -1,5006
12 -0,25 -2,0000 -1,5006 1,0415 1,3971 1,6080 -11,8156 -2,2946
13 -0,25 -2,2500 -2,2946 1,1252 1,2472 1,2616 1,7709 -0,9757
14 -0,25 -2,5000 -0,9757 1,8454 32,5302 -3,9350 1,6127 9,1324
15 -0,25 -2,7500 9,1324 -2,4901 -2,2338 -2,2617 -2,0452 6,8780
16 -0,25 -3,0000 6,8780 -2,0466 -1,8807 -1,8956 -1,7756 4,9822
17 -0,25 -3,2500 4,9822 -1,7756 -1,7191 -1,7214 -1,7544 3,2471
18 -0,25 -3,5000 3,2471 -1,7549 -1,9788 -2,0195 -3,1709 1,0933
19 -0,25 -3,7500 1,0933 -3,4889 5,9282 -1,9396 4,9384 2,6645
20 -0,25 -4,0000 2,6645 -2,1674 -3,0862 -4,0739 3,5562 0,5092
21 -0,25 -4,2500 0,5092 -8,9949 2,1969 -3,3784 2,4817 -0,9701
22 -0,25 -4,5000 -0,9701 5,4609 -3,4780 2,6512 -3,7756 -0,9649
23 -0,25 -4,7500 -0,9649 6,0872 -3,3778 2,9023 -3,7103 -0,7272
24 -0,25 -5,0000 -0,7272 8,7762 -2,7089 3,6748 -3,0746 0,5450
25 -0,25 -5,2500 0,5450 -12,7793 2,6969 -4,2879 2,9562 -1,6225
26 -0,25 -5,5000 -1,6225 5,0667 -8,9120 2,8210 -7,1964 -4,0078
27 -0,25 -5,7500 -4,0078 3,0643 4,1045 4,9014 -10,2944 -2,2108
28 -0,25 -6,0000 -2,2108 4,6236 -92,8965 12,3575 -3,4991 -28,8697
29 -0,25 -6,2500 -28,8697 7,5557 6,6779 6,7807 6,0004 -22,1242
30 -0,25 -6,5000 -22,1242 6,0085 5,3539 5,4260 4,8567 -16,7200
31 -0,25 -6,7500 -16,7200 4,8613 4,3993 4,4439 4,0669 -12,2843
32 -0,25 -7,0000 -12,2843 4,0683 3,8007 3,8182 3,6687 -8,4552
33 -0,25 -7,2500 -8,4552 3,6679 3,7090 3,7102 4,1499 -4,6791
34 -0,25 -7,5000 -4,6791 4,1752 6,2566 9,7602 -4,2255 0,6514
35 -0,25 -7,7500 0,6514 -23,2142 4,1541 -6,3645 4,2289 -3,2496
36 -0,25 -8,0000 -3,2496 5,7361 43,3472 -5,5018 4,1322 11,0102
37 -0,25 -8,2500 11,0102 -4,2980 -4,1942 -4,1956 -4,3542 6,7716
38 -0,25 -8,5000 6,7716 -4,3603 -5,1984 -5,5004 -15,3748 -0,0838
39 -0,25 -8,7500 -0,0838 228,3349 -28,6935 4,9722 -5,3646 29,1708
40 -0,25 -9,0000 29,1708 -7,9869 -7,1211 -7,2154 -6,4631 21,9836
41 -0,25 -9,2500 21,9836 -6,4689 -5,8592 -5,9167 -5,4210 16,0767
42 -0,25 -9,5000 16,0767 -5,4226 -5,0742 -5,0954 -4,9095 10,9648
43 -0,25 -9,7500 10,9648 -4,9086 -4,9922 -4,9959 -5,6806 5,8705
44 -0,25 -10,0000 5,8705 -5,7262 -9,2737 -21,0830 5,5297 -4,2811
45 -0,25 -10,2500 -4,2811 7,2055 39,8379 -5,6303 5,2587 9,1988
46 -0,25 -10,5000 9,1988

Base on table so iteration numerical value of y(−10.5) ≈ 9.1988.

2. Let
dy
= 3xy − y 2 = f (x, y)
dx
Using theta (θ) method with θ = 0.5 and h = −0.05

yn+1 = yn + h [θf (xn , yn ) + (θ − 1)f (xn+1 , yn+1 )]

we obtained
yn+1 = yn + h [θf (xn , yn ) + (θ − 1)f (xn+1 , yn+1 )]
 
= yn + (−0.05) (0.5)(3xn yn − yn2 ) + (0.5)(3xn+1 yn+1 − yn+1
2
)
= yn − (0.025)(3xn yn − yn2 ) − (0.025)(3xn+1 yn+1 − yn+1
2
)
Similary with
2
yn+1 + (0.025)(3xn+1 yn+1 − yn+1 ) = yn − (0.025)(3xn yn − yn2 )

⇔ yn+1 (1 + 0.025(3xn+1 − yn+1 )) = yn − (0.025)(3xn yn − yn2 )

for n = 0 we get y1 = 0 or y1 = 3x1 + 40 = 3(0, 095) + 40 = 42.85. If y1 = 42.85 so yn for
n > 1 is complex solutiton. Therefore we use y1 = 0 so the result is obtained yn = 0 for
n > 1. The numerical value of y(0.4) = 0.

3. Differential equation in the question is differential equation orde-2 so to solving that we

change to system differential equation. We obtain
dy
f1 = = z , y(0) = 1
dx
dz
f2 == x − y , z(0) = 0
dx
Using theta (θ) method with θ = 0.5 and h = −0.05

yn+1 = yn + h [θf (xn , yn ) + (θ − 1)f (xn+1 , yn+1 )]

we obtained for f1

yn+1 = yn + h [θf1 (xn , yn ) + (θ − 1)f1 (xn+1 , yn+1 )]

(1)
= yn + (0.125)zn + (0.125)zn+1
and for f2

zn+1 = zn + h [θf2 (xn , yn ) + (θ − 1)f2 (xn+1 , yn+1 )]

= zn + (0.25) [(0.5)(xn − yn ) + (0.5)(xn+1 − yn+1 )] (2)
= zn + (0.125)(xn − yn ) + (0.125)(xn+1 − yn+1 )

Subtitution (2) to (1) we get

yn+1 = yn + (0.125)zn + (0.125) (zn + (0.125)(xn − yn ) + (0.125)(xn+1 − yn+1 ))

yn + 0.25zn + 0.015625(xn − yn + xn+1 )
yn+1 =
1.015625
Because x0 = 0 to xn = 10.5 with h = 0.25 so we obtained 42 iteration. Using Ms. Excel
we get iteration table result
iteration h xn yn zn zn+1 yn+1 ytrue error
0 0,2500 0,0000 1,0000 0,0000 -0,2154 0,9731 1,0000 0,0000
1 0,2500 0,2500 0,9731 -0,2154 -0,3560 0,9017 0,9715 0,0016
2 0,2500 0,5000 0,9017 -0,3560 -0,4131 0,8055 0,8982 0,0035
3 0,2500 0,7500 0,8055 -0,4131 -0,3833 0,7060 0,8001 0,0055
4 0,2500 1,0000 0,7060 -0,3833 -0,2684 0,6245 0,6988 0,0071
5 0,2500 1,2500 0,6245 -0,2684 -0,0754 0,5815 0,6163 0,0082
6 0,2500 1,5000 0,5815 -0,0754 0,1838 0,5951 0,5732 0,0083
7 0,2500 1,7500 0,5951 0,1838 0,4932 0,6797 0,5878 0,0073
8 0,2500 2,0000 0,6797 0,4932 0,8338 0,8456 0,6746 0,0052
9 0,2500 2,2500 0,8456 0,8338 1,1846 1,0979 0,8438 0,0018
10 0,2500 2,5000 1,0979 1,1846 1,5241 1,4365 1,1004 0,0025
11 0,2500 2,7500 1,4365 1,5241 1,8313 1,8559 1,4440 0,0076
12 0,2500 3,0000 1,8559 1,8313 2,0873 2,3457 1,8689 0,0130
13 0,2500 3,2500 2,3457 2,0873 2,2765 2,8912 2,3641 0,0184
14 0,2500 3,5000 2,8912 2,2765 2,3870 3,4741 2,9143 0,0232
15 0,2500 3,7500 3,4741 2,3870 2,4123 4,0740 3,5010 0,0269
16 0,2500 4,0000 4,0740 2,4123 2,3506 4,6694 4,1032 0,0291
17 0,2500 4,2500 4,6694 2,3506 2,2058 5,2389 4,6989 0,0295
18 0,2500 4,5000 5,2389 2,2058 1,9868 5,7630 5,2667 0,0278
19 0,2500 4,7500 5,7630 1,9868 1,7071 6,2248 5,7869 0,0239
20 0,2500 5,0000 6,2248 1,7071 1,3839 6,6111 6,2426 0,0178
21 0,2500 5,2500 6,6111 1,3839 1,0370 6,9137 6,6210 0,0099
22 0,2500 5,5000 6,9137 1,0370 0,6879 7,1293 6,9142 0,0005
23 0,2500 5,7500 7,1293 0,6879 0,3579 7,2601 7,1195 0,0099
24 0,2500 6,0000 7,2601 0,3579 0,0675 7,3132 7,2396 0,0205
25 0,2500 6,2500 7,3132 0,0675 -0,1655 7,3010 7,2826 0,0306
26 0,2500 6,5000 7,3010 -0,1655 -0,3268 7,2395 7,2615 0,0395
27 0,2500 6,7500 7,2395 -0,3268 -0,4065 7,1478 7,1930 0,0465
28 0,2500 7,0000 7,1478 -0,4065 -0,3996 7,0470 7,0969 0,0509
29 0,2500 7,2500 7,0470 -0,3996 -0,3066 6,9588 6,9948 0,0522
30 0,2500 7,5000 6,9588 -0,3066 -0,1331 6,9038 6,9086 0,0501
31 0,2500 7,7500 6,9038 -0,1331 0,1100 6,9009 6,8592 0,0446
32 0,2500 8,0000 6,9009 0,1100 0,4079 6,9657 6,8651 0,0358
33 0,2500 8,2500 6,9657 0,4079 0,7423 7,1095 6,9416 0,0240
34 0,2500 8,5000 7,1095 0,7423 1,0925 7,3388 7,0995 0,0100
35 0,2500 8,7500 7,3388 1,0925 1,4370 7,6550 7,3444 0,0056
36 0,2500 9,0000 7,6550 1,4370 1,7547 8,0540 7,6768 0,0217
 37 0,2500 9,2500 8,0540 1,7547 2,0259 8,5265 8,0913 0,0374
38 0,2500 9,5000 8,5265 2,0259 2,2339 9,0590 8,5780 0,0514
39 0,2500 9,7500 9,0590 2,2339 2,3660 9,6340 9,1219 0,0629
40 0,2500 10,0000 9,6340 2,3660 2,4141 10,2315 9,7049 0,0709
41 0,2500 10,2500 10,2315 2,4141 2,3751 10,8302 10,3063 0,0748
42 0,2500 10,5000 10,8302 2,3751 0,9285 11,2431 10,9042 0,0740

Base on table so iteration numerical value of y(10.5) ≈ 10, 8302 with error 0.0740. Error
obtained by analitical solution from differential equation is y = x − sin x + cos x.