VALENCIA COLLEGES [ BUKIDNON] INCORPORATED

THE IMPACT OF FIXED MARRIAGE AMONG HIGAONON TRIBE IN BUKIDNON,

IN APRTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SOCIO RESEARCH 1
QUANTITATIVE METHODS OF RESEARCH

BACHELOR OF ART IN SOCIOLOGY

2023
 ANGELLO M. ABACAHIN
GUILLERJUN A. JOSOL
MA. THERESA P. MONTEBANO
ARCHIE A. DAGAHAY
MAYRELYN S. LAURON
MESHIEL EDAR
JENEBIE T. PULGADAS
MARY JOYS PLAZA
QUENNIE PEARL ACTA
JENYBIE NIEPEZ
RAMEL PROCTAN
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION:

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Fixed marriages have deep historical roots in various societies, including South Asia, the

Middle East, and parts of Africa. In these cultures, arranged marriages are often seen as a way to

strengthen social and economic bonds between families (Smith, 2005).

The Indigenous People [IPs] In Bukidnon Philippines, represent a rich of tapestry of

culture, traditional, and customs that have thrived for generation. Among these traditions, one

that has been a subject of considerable interest and debate is the practice of fixed of assigned

marriage within IP communities.

Fixed marriage, a practice where families on elders play a central role in selecting a spouse

for an individual has been deeply embedded in the cultural fabric of many IP groups in

Bukidnon. This tradition raises important questions about its impact on the lives of individuals,

particularly in a contemporary world where notions of choice, autonomy, and individualism are

gaining prominence. This research aims to delve into the complex dynamics of fixed marriages

among the IPs in Bukidnon, seeking to understand the cultural, social, and psychological

implications for the individuals involved. By exploring this topic, we hope to shed light on the

intersections between tradition and modernity and contribute to a nuanced understanding of the

experiences of IP individuals within this context. Lindstrom, L. (2008)..

Most people have heard the term arrange marriage. They might know it has occurred for

the number of reasons for thousand s of years, but they might not know exactly what an arranged

marriage is. An arranged marriage happens when a third party becomes involved in choosing the
spouse of another person. The third party can be classified as anyone as long as they are not

serving as the bride or the groom. The third party facilities the marriage between the bride and

groom. It can happen quite quickly; sometimes, the spouse does not even have a chance to meet

before being married. Sometimes, they only get the chance to meet briefly while, on other

occasions, they know they are destined to marry one another for a long time before it is set to

happen. Arranged marriages are not inherently synonymous with forced marriages. In many

occasions, the marrying couple have the power to initiate a request for the third party to arrange a

marriage, and have the ability to veto partner they feel is not well suited for them.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to describe the impact of fixed marriage on the selected IP individual.

Specifically, this aims to answer to the following.

1. What is the socio demographic profile interest of the ff:

 Age:

 Sex:

 Highest educational attainment:

 Ethnic group:

 Marital status:

2. What are the impact of fixed marriage to the following.

a. Basic Needs

b. Family

c. Ethnic group

3. What are the respondent’s response towards the impact of fixed marriage?

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

This objective of this study aims to:

1. Describe socio demographic profile interest of the ff:

2. Investigate the impact of fixed marriage among the I’P individual

3. Identify the respondents’ response towards the impact of fixed marriage

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This study will be conducted in the in the IP people in Bukidnon, Bukidnon Philippines

this study focusses on the impact of the fixed marriage among the individual of Higaonon Tribe.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

What Theory?

This study used to know the impact of individual IP in Bukidnon toward fixed marriage

Fixed marriage, a practice where families on elders play a central role in selecting a spouse

for an individual has been deeply embedded in the cultural fabric of many IP groups in

Bukidnon. This tradition raises important questions about its impact on the lives of individuals,

particularly in a contemporary world where notions of choice, autonomy, and individualism are

gaining prominence. This research aims to delve into the complex dynamics of fixed marriages

among the IPs in Bukidnon, seeking to understand the cultural, social, and psychological

implications for the individuals involved. By exploring this topic, we hope to shed light on the

intersections between tradition and modernity and contribute to a nuanced understanding of the

experiences of IP individuals within this context. Lindstrom, L. (2008)..

Most people have heard the term arrange marriage. They might know it has occurred for

the number of reasons for thousand s of years, but they might not know exactly what an arranged

marriage is. An arranged marriage happens when a third party becomes involved in choosing the

spouse of another person. The third party can be classified as anyone as long as they are not

serving as the bride or the groom. The third party facilities the marriage between the bride and
groom. It can happen quite quickly; sometimes, the spouse do not even have a chance to meet

before being married. Sometimes, they only get the chance to meet briefly while, on other

occasions, they know they are destined to marry one another for a long time before it is set to

happen. Arranged marriages are not inherently synonymous with forced marriages. In many

occasions, the marrying couple have the power to initiate a request for the third party to arrange a

marriage, and have the ability to veto partner they feel is not well suited for them.(Gray,J.2022)

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

IMPACT OF FIXED MARRIAGE RESPONSE OF THE

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
TOWARD FIXED MARRIAGE

DEFINITION OF TERM

ARRANGE MARRIAGE- is a type of marital union where the bride and groom are primarily

selected by individuals other than the couple themselves, particularly by family members such as

the parents. In some cultures, a professional matchmaker may be used to find a spouse for a

young person

TRADITION- cultural continuity in social attitudes, customs, and institutions

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE- Indigenous communities, peoples and nations are those which,

having a historical continuity with pre-invasion and pre-colonial societies that developed on their

territories, consider themselves distinct from other sectors of the societies now prevailing on

those territories, or parts of them.

INDIVIDUAL - a single human being as distinct from a group, class, or family.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATIVE LITERATURE

According to Mr. Michael J. Gurfinkel (June 10, 2018) If a person is ever caught in a fixed

marriage (married solely to obtain immigration benefits), the consequences (or punishment)

could be severe. A fixed marriage finding by the USCIS could result in a lifetime ban from ever

having any other petition approved. For example, if a person was caught in a fixed marriage, but

later divorced that American and married a different US citizen for love, the second US citizen

spouse would not be able to petition the person. Similarly, if a person was caught in a fixed

marriage, and years later, their US-born child turns 21, the child also could not petition them.

However, there have been many cases where the marriage was real, but for one reason or

another (perhaps miscommunication, misunderstanding, confusion, lack of documents), the

USCIS concludes the marriage was fixed. If you are in a real marriage, but your case was denied

because USCIS incorrectly concluded your marriage was fixed, you should fight that decision.

(Of course, if the marriage WAS fixed, then there really would be nothing to fight for.)

Sethi, Karika and Reiter, Michael D. (2020) stated explores what an inappropriate

relationship is and the taxonomy scale used to evaluate different relationships, specifically,

arranged marriages. Arranged marriage is a topic that is considered taboo depending on global

location. It is more prevalent in Eastern nations such as India, China, Oriental countries, and the

Middle East. However, Western influence plays a significant role on what is and is not
acceptable, as societal norms differ from place to place. What is defined as normal by culture is

what helps to define if a relationship is or is not viewed as inappropriate. This paper is designed

to explore arranged marriages and determine, based upon a preexisting classification system,

whether they are appropriate or inappropriate. When analyzed as a whole, arranged marriages do

not seem to fit the categories or aspects that make a relationship inappropriate.

Kitanglad integrated ngos under 2007 Another simple case of sala is the pamalaye during

which a man presents his marriage proposal to a woman. Tradition dictates the man to place

several pieces of coins wrapped in a white cloth on a kagon (plate) along with

the manggad (bride price). If the woman rejects the marriage proposal, she would return

the kagon and the coins still wrapped in a white cloth but whose value has now doubled. The

man may insist on two more chances or up to the value of twenty pesos for the coins. If the

answer remains the same, he should stop pursuing the woman, as his action would be deemed

improper.

yodisphere.com/2022/08/ Arranged marriages and child betrothal are still practiced among

the Bukidnon. Children 11 years old or older are considered marriageable. On the wedding day,

the groom and his entourage of relatives carrying items of the bridewealth go to the bride’s

house. These may be a bolo, spear, cloth, carabao, cash, jewelry, and so on. Leading the

entourage is the tagdasang, who orates on the achievements of the groom’s family, and

the tagsaot, who dances a war dance. An idang holds an umbrella over the groom. At the bride’s

home, the two families face each other and the taltag is set. A kernel of corn represents an item

of the bridewealth to be presented to each relative of the bride. The bride’s idang, for instance,

receives a substantial amount of the bridewealth. The wedding ceremony immediately follows:
The groom takes a fistful of rice, molds it into a ball, and feeds it to the bride. The bride then

does the same, and the ceremony is ended.

Lindstrom, L (2008) Fixed marriage, a practice where families on elders play a central role

in selecting a spouse for an individual has been deeply embedded in the cultural fabric of many

IP groups in Bukidnon. This tradition raises important questions about its impact on the lives of

individuals, particularly in a contemporary world where notions of choice, autonomy, and

individualism are gaining prominence. This research aims to delve into the complex dynamics of

fixed marriages among the IPs in Bukidnon, seeking to understand the cultural, social, and

psychological implications for the individuals involved. By exploring this topic, we hope to shed

light on the intersections between tradition and modernity and contribute to a nuanced

understanding of the experiences of IP individuals within this context.