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Description: Low-level languages are closer to the hardware and provide more control over
system resources. They are often used for system-level programming and are less human-
readable.
Description: Functional languages emphasize the use of pure functions and immutability.
They treat computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions.
Description: Object-oriented languages use objects, which bundle data and methods, to
model real-world entities. They promote code reusability and organization.
5. Scripting Languages:
Description: Scripting languages are often interpreted and used for automating tasks and
web development. They require less boilerplate code.
Description: DSLs are designed for specific problem domains or tasks. They offer specialized
syntax and functionality tailored to the domain.
Description: These languages enable concurrent and parallel execution of code, allowing for
efficient utilization of multi-core processors.
Reference: Herlihy, M., & Shavit, N. (2012). "The Art of Multiprocessor Programming."