Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
The chapter aims to provide an in-depth overview of the methods and techniques
the researchers utilized to collect and evaluate the data for their study. This chapter's goal
analytic methods, and how these methods assisted in the study's accomplishment. The
experiments, and other techniques, that are used to gather and process data. It will cover
the different tools and technologies used to obtain and analyze data in addition to giving
an overview of the statistical and analytical techniques used to derive conclusions and
inferences from the data. cover the various tools and technologies used to gather and
analyze data.
The main objective of the study is to developed and implement the effectiveness of the
Tisoy’s Fish Farms Sales and Inventory Management System. The researchers will use
descriptive research design to assess the nature of the study and the system development.
Descriptive research, on the other hand, is a type of research that is mainly concerned
with describing the nature or condition and the degree of detail of the present situation.
This method is used to describe the nature of a situation as it exists at the time of the
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
study and to explore the cause(s) of a particular
events, or situations. The researchers used this kind of research to obtain first hand data
recommendations for the study. The descriptive approach is quick and practical in terms
of the financial aspect. Furthermore, the researchers will use the quantitative research as
it serves as a valuable tool in the field of business, which is helpful for market strategies
and for Tisoy’s Fish Farms to make better decisions regarding their products and
services.
The study was carried out at the Brgy. Purok 7 Gulod in the City of Cabuyao,
Laguna where the Tisoy Fish Farm is. The farm was chosen by the researchers to help
and aid them in their business and improve their expansion as they merely have a
some way. This study considers the target audience when estimating the number of
respondents required for the system development process. To gather the study's data, the
researchers used clustering. It is the business staff of Tisoy's Fish Farms target audience
because they will be the ones who benefit from the study.
RESPONDENTS POPULATION
CUSTOMER 10
STAFF 3
ADMIN 2
TOTAL 15
Table 3-1. Shows the study's respondents; a total of 15 respondents were included,
total enumeration method, which implies that all members of the population were
included as respondents. This strategy ensured that the study included the whole
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
population of Tisoy’s Fish Farms customers, staff members and administrators.
to get a range of viewpoints and recommendations. About their daily interactions and
and insights. On the other hand, administrators offer perspectives on the section's
The total enumeration data will enable the researchers to develop an extensive
understanding of the challenges and opportunities that exist within the Tisoy's Fish
Farms. The results will contribute to improving the system's efficacy, efficiency, and
Data gathering tools, also known as data collection tools or data acquisition tools,
refer to software or technologies used to collect, retrieve, and organize data from various
sources. These tools are designed to streamline the process of collecting data and make it
easier to analyze and utilize for various purposes. Here are some common types of data
gathering tools: Interviews: To gather data and information from Tisoy’s Fish Farms
owner to identify problems and needed, the proponent conducted an interview and visit
Survey Questionnaire. The researchers also used a survey questionnaire, which had
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
written questions for customers, management and staff to respond to. These tools may be
incredibly beneficial for researching system operations and for evaluating transactions.
Observation: Observation may assist in learning more about a situation and providing
a more accurate solution. To develop a remedy that may address the issue, the proponent
carefully evaluates and analyzes the Tisoy’s Fish Farms Sales and Inventory
Management System.
transcripts and other talk-related examples. One approach to gathering information was to
analyze already published documents. They offer instructions for creating and organizing
the system.
procedures using interviews and surveys to collect information about sales and inventory
management systems. The first step is to define the research objectives clearly, outlining
the specific data they want to collect regarding the sales and inventory management
system. Next, they will identify the target audience, consisting of individuals with
relevant knowledge and experience in the system, such as sales managers, inventory
managers, and employees responsible for data entry. Then, they will develop interview
and survey questions that align with the research objectives, ensuring clarity, conciseness,
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
and relevance. Prior to the actual data collection, ad mister test will be performed on a
small group of participants to validate the effectiveness of the questions and address any
issues or ambiguities. Once the questions are finalized, they will recruit participants,
necessary, and obtaining informed consent. Interviews will be conducted either face-to-
face or remotely, using the prepared questions as a guide but allowing for follow-up
questions to explore relevant details. Notes or recordings will be taken (with participant
Online survey tools may be used for ease of data collection and analysis.
After collecting the interview and survey responses, the researchers will analyze the data
to identify patterns, trends, and key insights. Qualitative analysis techniques, such as
thematic coding, will be used for interview responses, while quantitative analysis using
statistical methods will be applied to survey data. The findings from the data analysis will
clarify or validate specific findings or address any data gaps. Throughout the process,
ethical considerations will be adhered to, ensuring participant privacy and anonymity,
and obtaining necessary permissions or approvals from relevant parties within the
organization.
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
3.1.5 Data Analysis Plan
After collecting all the necessary data, the researchers proceeded on analyzing the
data. In order to give a precise answer to the problems that the client is facing, the
researchers created a precise plan on where the collected data will be used and what are the
data gathering tools that are needed to be used in order to solve the specific problem of the
client. This also served as a guide to the researchers in developing the system.
Table 3-2 Data Analysis Plan of Sales and Inventory Management System for
C. Data Monitoring
D. Data Updating
Fish Farms.
stock is low?
improved the
performance of the
business?
1.Usability
2.Functionality
3.Efficiency
4.Reliability
5.Maintainability
Table 3-2 refers to a table that outlines the data analysis strategy for a research
study. This table is an important tool that helps researchers to plan and organize their data
analysis process in a structured and systematic way. By using this table, researchers can
ensure that their data analysis strategy is well thought out, comprehensive, and relevant to
their research question. It also helps them to stay organized and on track as they move
through the data analysis process, making it easier to obtain meaningful results from their
studies.
After collecting the data, they were sorted, categorized, organized, and compared.
Statistical methods such as frequency distribution, percentage, ordinal scale, and weighted
mean were employed to address the research questions. The researcher will use special
statistical tools, including a scale with four digits when assessing the collected information
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
and data. These statistics relate to the study carried out by respondents on their views on a
developed system. To help the proponents in interpreting the data, the Likert Scale was
used so that the numerical value be given descriptive value which aided the proponents to
arrive at a valid or reliable interpretation.
VALUE RANGE
INTERPRETATION
4 3.26-4.00 Strongly
Agree
3 2.51-3.25
Agree
Disagree
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
1 1.00 - 1.75
Disagree
Table 3.3. shows the Four-Point Rating Scale interpretation. Weight, Mean Value,
and Verbal Interpretation include in all three columns. The first column, the Weight
Range from 1 to 4, corresponds to the second column, the Verbal Interpretation, which
Disagree. The Mean Value is the average scale of answers to each inquiry. To obtain the
questionnaire evaluation results, the researchers employed the formula for Arithmetic
Weighted Mean
Average Weighted Mean=
Total no . of questions /statement
sequential and to check the usability of the system and to further improve the
development of the system. Considering it was compatible with the developed system
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
and sought user input, which aided in the development of the system, the researchers
chose this technique. With this strategy, the system's capabilities, including the login and
logout procedure, will be shown before moving on to show the inventory and do other
Figure 3-2 shows the actual methodology that is applied during the development
of the study, which is the use of Agile methodology. The Agile methodology fits in the
development system, because it achieves the phases that needs to be done in improving
the system for the client, especially the Phase 6 which is Feedback.
The Gantt Chart is a visual tool that the researchers use to plan and arrange the
stages involved in creating the system during the Planning phase. Agile software
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
development began by obtaining risk-related insights throughout project development so
that the researchers might understand potential dangers earlier and avoid their extinction.
The researchers collect and record specific system requirements throughout the planning
phase. As it lays the groundwork for all upcoming stages, this phase is essential to the
project's success. The team visited Tisoy’s Fish Farms in Brgy. Gulod Purok 7 Cabuyao
City, Laguna to acquire information and data.
The proponents and the owner of Tisoys’s Fish Farms collaborated throughout this
phase to identify the issue, develop potential remedies, and translate these into
specifications
for how the system ought to function. The proponents are taking part in the creation of a
set of blueprints that will direct the development of the entire system.
plan for the amount of time and labor needed to finish the project. The researchers and
the client talk about how to implement the developed solution. It covers the Tisoy’s Fish
Farms existing flow chart, hardware and software requirements, and a Gantt chart plan
outlining the researchers' and developers' as well as the client's aims for the ongoing
system development.
Gantt Chart
Table 3-4 shows the Gantt chart that discusses the project timeline. The Gantt
chart provides an outline of the researchers' activities, from data collecting to system
installation. The chart showed how much time was allotted in the weeks and months that
followed for each step of the system's development, indicating the researchers' efforts.
The chart served as a useful tool for project management since it allowed the researchers
to monitor their progress, allocate resources wisely, and make the necessary
modifications to guarantee that the project was completed in the intended amount of time.
The researchers split up their activities to create a more manageable burden and ensure
that the documentation was finished concurrently with the system development.
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
This section details the minimum hardware and software requirements for running
and developing the system. The Sales and Inventory Management System for Tisoy’s
Fish Farms requires internet access and can be accessed using any type of Apache Web
Server. The minimal hardware and software requirements are listed in the tables below.
SPECIFICATIONS
HARDWARE RESOURCES
RAM
Recommended at least 4GB or Higher
Table 3-5 contains all the minimum hardware specifications of the developer
desktop needed for the system to run successfully. The researchers have created a list of
the basic requirements that the hardware must meet before including it in the actual
implementation of the system. The system is a web- based which means any good and
SPECIFICATIONS
SOFTWARE RESOURCES
browser
Database (Back-
end) Mysql
Table 3.6 shows the minimum levels and requirements for the software
Before you begin implementing your system, you must ensure that it has all the hardware
and software resources identified and described above. Successful system operation
This section contains a flowchart of the current Tisoy’s Fish Farms workflow. It
was a necessary tool for researchers to visualize an entity's current process. This helped
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
the researchers in identifying potential future improvements to their current approach.
Figure 3-3 show a flowchart of the Tisoy’s Fish Farms current procedure.
Through charts that showed the current method used by the department as a whole, it was
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
intended to demonstrate the data flow.
Phase 2. Design
During this phase, the researchers designed the features that will be implemented
into the system meet the client's specifications. Researchers always include client ideas
while creating a system since clients are the system's end users and researchers want
clients to have a better experience using the system. The system's design is arranged in
clients in order to reduce the pressure that comes from their work.
Figure 3-4 Flow Chart of Tisoy’s Fish Farms Sales and Inventory
Management System
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Figure 3-4 depicts level one of the DFD, representing the data flow inside the
system. The admin, who can manage the system. The staff, who can view the products
availability, order list and manage the mode of payment, for admin to receive or confirm
Architectural design is a process for identifying the sub-systems making up a system and
the framework for sub-system control and communication. The output of this design
of the system design process. It represents the link between specification and design
processes and is often carried out in parallel with some specification activities.
data typically involves the admin and staff interacting with the application through their
web browsers. The web server receives the requests, processes them, and communicates
with the database to retrieve or modify data as needed. The admin interface provides an
additional layer of functionality for privileged users to manage the user account and
generate reports. The staff interface allows to add, edit and delete.
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Phase 2.2: Context Diagram
elements. Arrows are used to represent the flow of data or information between the
system and the user. Context diagram's objective is to demonstrate the system's limits and
scope. It aids in identifying the interfaces and interactions between the system and its
environment without digging into the system's fundamental details. The diagram gives a
high-level view, allowing users to comprehend the broad context of the system as well as
Figure 3-6 illustration of the context diagram for the “Tisoy’s Fish Farms Sales and
Inventory Management System” is a figure depicts two-way arrows between the "Staff"
and the "System" to show that the staff can interact with the system. The "Admin" account
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
is same as the staff account but has privilege to generate report and view the staff and user
information.
The arrows represent the transmission of information, commands, and data between
various entities.
Phase 2.3: Data Flow Diagram it indicates how data enters the system from external
sources. It is a data flow diagram within a web portal system that provided a deeper
breakdown of the components showed in the Context Level Diagram. The sequence of
Figure 3-7 depicts the admin data flow in the web-portal system. To navigate the
system, admin users must successfully log in. The admin account has the capacity to
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
update the list of staff and client users. The functions also included document review
and uploading. For admin accounts, the system can generate reports.
Figure 3.8 shows staff data flow in the Sales and Inventory Management System.
After staff logged in, they can now manage the sales and after that they can add sales,
however they can also see the sales report for managing and monitoring the inventory.
This strategy will allow the test cases to be created as input conditions that fully
implement all the functional requirements of the system program. This testing will detect
errors in the following groups. Missing or incorrect functions Interface errors Permanent
errors Error in external database access or data structure Initialization and termination
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
errors. This method of testing will allow only the input to be checked for accuracy while
The hierarchical IPO model is a framework where input is the initial data or
information provided to the system. This input is then processed through related
procedures, resulting in output that serves as input for subsequent processes in the
with each process building upon the results of the previous ones. This model is
commonly used to illustrate how information and data flow through a system or process,
enabling a better understanding of how inputs are transformed into meaningful outputs
input, process, and output components, the hierarchical IPO model facilitates the study,
design, and optimization of systems or processes. Organizations can leverage this model
to gain insights into how inputs are handled, identify bottlenecks or inefficiencies, and
make informed decisions to enhance the overall output and performance of the system.
dependencies between input, process, and output, aiding in the management and
Figure 3-9 demonstrate the activities conducted and the results achieved within an
different administrative tasks and operations, it aims to offer a structured and coordinated
Figure 3-10 illustrates the hierarchical IPO model applied to staff members, where the
the IPO model indicates that the outputs generated by staff members' work can serve as
This phase of the research process, there comes a stage where researchers are
ready to present the graphical user interface (GUI) of a system. This phase follows the
sales and inventory management, components, and functionalities, the researchers have
completed a crucial aspect of the system design. This information provides a solid
foundation for the system's development. The demonstration of the system's GUI holds
system's various modules and components for both the researchers and their audience.
The GUI serves as a visual representation of the system, simplifying the comprehension
This provides non-experts in the field with a way to visualize the system and
understand its components without getting lost in technical details, which can be highly
beneficial for them. The graphical user interface (GUI) presentation of the system can
provide valuable insights into its usability and user-friendliness. By allowing users to
interact with the system through the GUI, researchers can gather valuable feedback on
how to enhance the system to better meet user needs and preferences. Additionally, the
GUI demonstration can assist with system maintenance, troubleshooting, and user
identify and resolve any issues, while also providing a clear and user-friendly interface
for exploring the system and identifying areas that require attention or improvement.
CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
In conclusion, the presentation of the graphical user interface (GUI) in the
research process marks a significant milestone in system design and development. The
to grasp the system's components and interactions without delving into technical
complexities.
This section provides an overview of the layout and design of the user interface.
Figure 3-11 shows the Login Page of the website. This page is where the user will
Sign in if they have an existing account and the user will create an account with their Full
Name, Email Address, contact number, and Password to have an existing account for
see when they visit the website. It contains P.O.S, inventory, sales, product, users
Figure 3-13 show the P.O.S and Cart Page of the system. This page is where the
users can see their shopping cart with the image of product and name together with the
quantity and price of the products, shipping charge, and overall total before proceeding to
the checkout process.